ライフサイエンスコーパス: free radical

1 the electroactivity of a persistent organic free radical.

2 etramethylpiperidin-1-yl)oxy] (TEMPO) stable free radical.

3 position of the loaded initiator to generate free radicals.

4 owed us to determine the ability to scavenge free radicals.

5 suggesting the dominance of oxygen-centered free radicals.

6 significant capacity to inhibit DPPH and NO free radicals.

7 antioxidant activity as tested by different free radicals.

8 zed to detoxify methylglyoxal and neutralize free radicals.

9 rocytes) of damage induced by AAPH-generated free radicals.

10 lity to UV irradiation induced generation of free radicals.

11 may also participate in the inactivation of free radicals.

12 These hybrids also scavenged free radicals.

13 organic vapors, excess ozone, and gas-phase free radicals.

14 food proteins to reduce Cr(VI) and scavenge free radicals.

15 l as regulates the formation and presence of free radicals.

16 e DA can give rise to formation of cytotoxic free radicals.

17 umor tissue prevents the formation of oxygen free radicals.

18 ely and exclusively without the formation of free radicals.

19 cal is formed at O3-atom upon scavenging the free radicals.

20 ucture of starch granules, and generation of free radicals.

21 ts against oxidative degradation of foods by free radicals.

22 +)) radical, as well as the stable nitroxide free radical 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-o

23 exhibited the highest scavenging activity of free radicals (78.8%).

24 namely, 1,1-diphenyl-2picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical ability and ferric reducing antioxidant pot

25 is suggested for the anthocyanins scavenging free radical activity by hydrogen transfer.

26 which are therefore a valuable tell-tale for free radical activity in the cell's lipidome.

27 Glycation and increased free radical activity underlie the pathogenesis of diabe

28 Sequencing a free radical addition and nucleophilic substitution enab

29 This review covers free radical additions, which are initiated by the forma

30 reaction between NO and the thiol produces a free radical adduct RSNOH(*), which reacts with a second

31 Free radical alkane chlorination is an important industr

32 ditional photopolymerization methods, namely free radical and cationic polymerizations, step-growth p

33 Total phenolics, flavonoids, ABTS free radical and hydroxyl radicals scavenging and anti-i

34 rboxylates and halide initiators in both the free radical and iodine degenerative transfer controlled

35 These MFAO-2s demonstrate both free radical and metal attenuating properties that are s

36 s interface, which will consequently release free radicals and accelerate organic chemical degradatio

37 It plays an essential role neutralizing free radicals and acting as enzyme co-factor in several

38 s regulated by the nitrosative and oxidative free radicals and cytokines they produced.

39 protect against both ionizing radiation and free radicals and have potential soil remediation capabi

40 The transient oxidative species including free radicals and not one of the final photolysis produc

41 A reduction in the formation of free radicals and oxidative stress might reduce the rate

42 SPRR2a also quenches free radicals and protects against oxidative stress and

43 ow negative oxidation reactions and scavenge free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS).

44 response to oxidative stress by neutralizing free radicals and reactive oxygen species.

45 rating lymphocytes, which suggests that both free radicals and the activation of the immune system me

46 t (13)C NMR and EPR spectra of the nitroxide free radicals and the oxoammonium salts, along with TEMP

47 ested samples showed the ability to scavenge free radicals and to inhibit lipoxygenase (LOX) activity

48 Brute-force avoids co-solvated free-radicals and microwaves that are essential to compe

49 such as the nitroxyl anion, the nitric oxide free radical, and S-nitrosothiols.

50 and Mn(2+) complexes, as well as the organic free radical, and will be the focus of follow-up studies

51 , selective scavenging ability for different free radicals, and reduced susceptibility to B. cinerea.

52 ractions had the largest capacity to capture free radicals, and the lowest peroxide values, conjugate

53 The free radical antioxidant activity of the complex with re

54 and in the pistil demonstrate that hydroxyl free radicals are likely the most reactive oxygen molecu

55 polymers, a highly reactive surface, rich in free radicals arising from deposition/treatment specific

56 ng the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH.) free radical as a visible probe.

57 Using paramagnetism of free radicals as a driving mechanism, complex heterogene

58 nging activity of sheep whey protein against free radicals, as well as its reducing power were determ

59 determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical assay and the electrochemical index concept

60 modified silica fiber by activated generated free radical atom-transfer radical polymerization, that

61 Free radical attack on the C1' position of DNA deoxyribo

62 that it is capable of protecting cells from free radical attacks.

63 c effect as to their ability to (a) scavenge free radicals, (b) inhibit cell growth, (c) decrease IL-

64 basis of these results, we propose plausible free radical-based mechanisms for the C-C bond coupling

65 important finding helped launch the field of free radical biology.

66 nes may not confer strong protection against free radicals but nevertheless, their positive influence

67 Consequent inflammation produces free radicals by mitochondria thus causing lipid peroxid

68 astid division proteins, revealing that this free radical can mimic transcriptional changes typically

69 The production of oxygen free radicals catalysed by non-haem iron was investigate

70 hytoprostanes, which are formed in vivo from free-radical-catalyzed nonenzymatic peroxidation of alph

71 of FA, the amount of the blue-green-colored free-radical cation (ABTS+) was reduced.

72 consistent with the formation of diffusively free radical cations (1, NMe-1).

73 fur trioxide anion radical (STAR) during the free radical chain oxidation of sulfite.

74 Results were consistent with a free radical chain scission mechanism, supported by meas

75 (CNPs) have been demonstrated to neutralize free radical chemical species associated with many life-

76 s, I look back at how I became interested in free radical chemistry and biology and outline some of o

77 illustrates the defining characteristics of free radical chemistry, beginning with its rich and stor

78 use of rapid, mild and operationally simple free-radical chemistry performed on recombinantly expres

79 ble conditions, which exploit unusual carbon free-radical chemistry, and use them to form Cbeta-Cgamm

80 properties of polymers, principally through free-radical chemistry.

81 Higher free radicals concentrations were obtained for both the

82 quinolin-2-ones, which involved a 6-exo-trig free-radical conjugate addition reaction.

83 (b) A stable free radical, consistent with the C2-(C2alpha-hydroxy)-g

84 The free radicals content of 15 commercially available coffe

85 ng glutathione regeneration and consequently free-radical control.

86 eved by combining iodoaminocylization with a free radical cyclization approach.

87 Free radical cyclization of (2-bromophenyl)pyrrolyl-1,2,

88 Making use of a tandem free radical cyclization process mediated by Mn(OAc)3 as

89 The stereoselectivity observed in the free-radical cyclization step is found to be governed by

90 GR), and catalase (CAT) as well as levels of free radical damage marker malondialdehyde (MDA) in bloo

91 mosquitoes use to avoid ammonia toxicity and free radical damage.

92 partially suppressed C. elegans response to free radical damaged E. coli.

93 mers while multiple hyaluronidases or tissue free radicals degrade these into smaller bioactive fragm

94 to Escherichia coli mutations that activate free radical detoxification pathways.

95 the stronger oxidant AgBF4 formed the metal-free radical dication L(.2+) .

96 henolic hydrogen atom transfer to the stable free radical DPPH.

97 tivity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical (DPPH) and 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazo

98 on the use of 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhidrazyl free radical (DPPH) for the determination of the antirad

99 file, antioxidant capacity against synthetic free radicals (DPPH and ABTS), reactive oxygen species (

100 -Hb complex was postulated to be a source of free radicals during TLF-1 lysis.

101 Environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) are formed by the chemisorption of

102 Environmentally Persistent Free Radicals (EPFRs) are newly discovered, long-lived s

103 Environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) formed on a solid particle surface

104 radicals known as environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) have been found to exist on the su

105 the importance of environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) in PM2.5 to generate significant l

106 redox cycling of environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) produced after adsorption of 2-mon

107 the formation of environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs).

108 EPR studies exhibited a higher amount of free radicals for fructose than the other sugars, and mo

109 atalytic conversion of inorganic chlorine to free radical form on ubiquitous sulfate-water aerosols;

110 Electron spin resonance indicates free radical formation during irradiation, which might i

111 mproved neovascularization, and reduction of free radical formation, leading to decreased cell death.

112 iron ions culminating in peroxide initiated free-radical formation.

113 while retarding desorption of and capturing free radicals formed at the cathode, resulting in enhanc

114 O) is a fascinating and important endogenous free-radical gas with potent antimicrobial, vasodilating

115 vel strategy that employs oxygen-independent free radicals generated from a polymerization initiator

116 f Hc, thus opening the way to other types of free radicals generated on the CB[8] skeleton leading to

117 igh altitude has an independent influence on free radical generation and the resultant oxidative stre

118 can dissociate the effects of intravesicular free radical generation on spontaneous neurotransmission

119 acutely probe the effects of intravesicular free radical generation on synaptic vesicles that fuse s

120 GSTP deficiency did not affect I/R-induced free radical generation, c-Jun N-terminal kinase activat

121 llular energy utilization, inflammation, and free radical generation, especially in the brain and hea

122 islands also serve as the reactive sites for free radical generation.

123 poisomerase II inhibition, DNA cleavage, and free radical generation.

124 chain dysfunction with subsequent increasing free radical generation.

125 Addition of AAPH, a free radical generator, was able to increase filipin sta

126 aromatic substitution pathway rather than a free-radical halogenation process.

127 Persistent free radicals have become indispensable in the synthesis

128 On the basis of free radical hypothesis, dietary, pharmacological, and g

129 istinct paramagnetic species: (i) an organic free radical, (ii) a [VO](2+) containing porphyrin, and

130 inactivate Fe(2+) ions that otherwise induce free radicals impacting gluconeogenesis in the liver.

131 re effects on the ability of PCs to scavenge free radicals in aqueous phase was the conformation.

132 tely, our studies reveal the complexities of free radicals in CD4 T-cell responses.

133 spectroscopy is a useful method of examining free radicals in different types of coffee.

134 the lower-field EPR signals from the organic free radicals in fossil fuel samples have been investiga

135 We also show that free radicals in liquid, which are continuously generate

136 The existence of free radicals in living cells was first reported in 1954

137 Excessive production of paramagnetic free radicals in nonhippocampus brain tissue can be meas

138 ata indicate a direct role for mitochondrial free radicals in promoting the pathological intracellula

139 oxidant compounds towards limiting amount of free radical (in this article, DPPH) would reflect their

140 m carrying out harmful side reactions: this "free radical" in LAM is never free.

141 ions with nonpolar reactants (e.g., nonpolar free radicals) in supercritical carbon dioxide near the

142 Anticancer modalities based on oxygen free radicals, including photodynamic therapy and radiot

143 which leads to localized non-bonding states (free radicals), increasing chemical reactivity and insta

144 ge for reactions of inactivation of selected free radicals indicate that catecholic colonic metabolit

145 ibbs free energies of reactions with various free radicals indicate that syn-DHCA and syn-DHFA, colon

146 dition of transcriptional regulation between free radical induced signalling and nitrogen regulation

147 on <10kDa) exerted protective effect against free-radical induced cytotoxicity in Caco-2 and HepG2 ce

148 ss of "nucleocytoplasmic coagulation." Here, free radical-induced aggregation of GAPDH was studied as

149 ne, which rendered GAPDH highly resistant to free radical-induced aggregation.

150 Free radical-induced oxidation of phospholipids contribu

151 allylglycidyl ether), PEG dithiol (1KDa), a free radical initiator and liposomal lipids at the lipos

152 Free radical injury to the brain was assessed using cere

153 ase) as well as F2-isoprostanes (measures of free radical injury).

154 imer disease and other diseases that produce free radical injury, such as vascular brain injury, acco

155 the C6 substituent in the lactam ring of the free-radical intermediate.

156 rized in fungi, in which enzymes that create free radical intermediates are used to degrade this mate

157 Cis lipids can be converted by thiols and free radicals into trans lipids, which are therefore a v

158 m substituted thiocarbonylbenzotriazoles via free-radical intramolecular cyclative cleavage of the be

159 zing the sample temperature, and trapping of free radicals is proposed and evaluated.

160 In the AS model, abnormally high free radical levels were observed in dorsal and ventral

161 mitochondrial depolarization, production of free radicals, lipid peroxidation, activation of phospho

162 reversion of the quadricyclanes occurs via a free radical mechanism with very little contribution fro

163 this C-C bond formation proceeding through a free radical mechanism.

164 itant oxidation at the gamma-position, via a free radical mechanism.

165 vides the most direct evidence to date for a free-radical mechanism.

166 oxidants that serve to initiate the enzyme's free-radical mechanism.

167 These results highlight the existence of a free radical-mediated mechanism that activates mitochond

168 gamma-Tocotrienol displayed better free radical-neutralizing activity in vitro and inhibiti

169 molecular dialogue between isoprene and the free radical NO Proteins belonging to the photosynthetic

170 Reaction of [Cu(II)]-C6F5 with the free radical NO(g) results in C-N bond formation to give

171 Moreover, more free radicals occurred in Arabica coffee beans roasted a

172 Finally, the reactions of the free radicals OH, NO3, and SO4(-) with glyoxal have been

173 When handled carefully, these reactive free radicals open doors to the controllable surface fun

174 oscopy's affinity for detecting paramagnetic free radicals, or spins, has been increasingly employed

175 r antioxidant and might help protect against free-radical oxidative damage.

176 ed amino acids is correct as regards various free radicals, particularly oxygen-derived peroxyl radic

177 ial responses normally induced by an E. coli free radical pathway mutant.

178 ng mechanistic picture of an insertion and a free radical polymerization is revealed.

179 erature of -57 degrees C was synthesized via free radical polymerization of an acrylate-type ionic li

180 thesized via sequential polycondensation and free radical polymerization reactions.

181 ed porous organic polymer (POP) using simple free radical polymerization techniques to prepare a cost

182 th lauryl methacrylate via a simple one-step free radical polymerization to produce a "self-plasticiz

183 ts such as PAA with rGO, and VS-PANI through free radical polymerization using methylene bis-acrylami

184 sequently, these molecules were subjected to free radical polymerization, in the presence of template

185 as other complexes preferred redox-initiated free radical polymerization.

186 the utility of these monomers in controlled free radical polymerization.

187 tatively clicked to a polymer brush grown by free-radical polymerization containing native -SO2F grou

188 ion (MagLev) to characterize the kinetics of free-radical polymerization of water-insoluble, low-mole

189 mide) covalently bound to graphene oxide via free-radical polymerization.

190 n different molar ratios of the monomers via free-radical polymerization.

191 metabolites than reactive oxygen species and free radical processes (the "usual suspects").

192 Nitric oxide (NO) is a toxic free radical produced by neutrophils and macrophages in

193 s show that the active reducing agent is the free radicals produced by benzoins under elevated temper

194 ercetin found chelate cadmium ions, scavenge free radicals produced by cadmium.

195 The free radicals produced in this way are highly effective

196 s were required for C. elegans response to a free radical producing E. coli mutant, including the bZi

197 Carbonylated proteins from free radical-producing E. coli mutant may directly activ

198 nt was partially resistant to the effects of free radical-producing E. coli mutant, but a constitutiv

199 These chemicals stimulate free radical production and disrupt microtubules in neur

200 ant food antioxidants considerably decreased free radical production and lipid oxidation but not prot

201 ong the CA1 dorsal-ventral axis of excessive free radical production as measured by Quest MRI, and re

202 Postischemic neutrophil free radical production was attenuated in WT-->CD36(-/-)

203 ediators of cell death are energy depletion, free radical production, defects in iron-sulfur cluster

204 equilibrium between antioxidant defenses and free radical production, the lack of specific antioxidan

205 ore effective than those designed to enhance free radical production.

206 m 3.5 to 6.5 poorly affected the kinetics of free radical production.

207 n barrier and reaches mitochondrial sites of free radical production.

208 ts, exerting direct and indirect DNA damage, free-radical production, and interaction with specific c

209 n vitro, Flu (1-20 muM) inhibited PA-induced free-radical production, gp91 (phox) expression, and NFk

210 n motility and control of macrophage-derived free radicals provides survival and persistence benefits

211 dical absorbing capacity assay confirmed its free-radical quenching ability.

212 (NOS) produces reactive oxygen and nitrogen free radicals rather than vasoprotective nitric oxide fo

213 ogen (PG) were synthesized on Cu foils via a free radical reaction at growth temperatures of 230-300

214 ovides an essential mechanism to trigger the free radical reaction, impairment of which results in th

215 Cell culturing directly on-chip and free radical release by phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate

216 ischemia, inflammation, excitotoxicity, and free-radical release, contribute to neural tissue damage

217 dicals dimerize, but the colored, air-stable free radicals return upon heating.

218 olic activity were inhibited by the nitrogen free radical scavenger 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5,-tetramethylimid

219 yses that have been employed to evaluate the free radical scavenger capacity of carotenoid molecules

220 g an activation of glutathione and ascorbate free radical scavenger systems.

221 eratrol (RES), and quercetin (QUE) are known free radical scavengers and have shown cardioprotective

222 Furthermore, targeting mitochondria with free radical scavengers conferred superior protection ag

223 nfluenced by the presence of the less potent free radical scavengers gallic and caffeic acids.

224 Free radical scavengers have failed to improve patient o

225 The most potent free radical scavengers that we tested for in the wine s

226 ll wine samples were found to be less potent free radical scavengers.

227 tematic study was undertaken to evaluate its free radical scavenging ability and anti-apoptotic activ

228 of intracellular GSH levels, suggesting that free radical scavenging ability may be responsible for t

229 vonoids (TFC), total carotene content (TCC), free radical scavenging activities and lipid peroxidatio

230 ains is correlated with high antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities measured under the FR

231 The free radical scavenging activities of methanolic extract

232 is), anthocyanin compositions (by LC/MS-MS), free radical scavenging activity (DPPH and ABTS) and inh

233 termination of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging activity (DPPH-RSA) in food is r

234 It was observed that the free radical scavenging activity and ferric ion reducing

235 ethods, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity and reducing power assa

236 lysis (ICA) and by classical methods such as free radical scavenging activity and total flavonoid con

237 eral blood lymphocytes (HPBLs) and exhibited free radical scavenging activity in the DPPH assay.

238 l (DPPH) assay to rapidly assess and compare free radical scavenging activity or anti-oxidant activit

239 and (b) to investigate relationship between free radical scavenging activity to the total polyphenol

240 Free radical scavenging activity using DPPH assay showed

241 RAP) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity were measured as antiox

242 otal phenolics, ascorbic acid, anthocyanins, free radical scavenging activity), polyphenoloxidase enz

243 ys such as the total phenolic content assay, free radical scavenging activity, disc-diffusion and bro

244 pies related to three possible mechanisms of free radical scavenging activity, namely HAT, SET-PT and

245 The DPPH free radical scavenging activity, reducing power, and in

246 used in many reported works to determine the free radical scavenging activity.

247 Antioxidant activity was tested by free radical scavenging against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhyd

248 In this work, reducing power, free radical scavenging and cellular antioxidant activit

249 metal chelator antioxidants e.g. EDTA, than free radical scavenging antioxidants e.g. gallic acid.

250 oupled electron transfer (PCET) processes of free radical scavenging by flavonoids were theoretically

251 underlying the health benefits of oats, the free radical scavenging capacities of oat avenanthramide

252 total phenolic acids, reducing abilities and free radical scavenging capacities, in response to an in

253 nolics, anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, and free radical scavenging capacity were analysed.

254 Interestingly, Folin-Ciocalteu index and free radical scavenging capacity, measured with three di

255 ds were used to assess antioxidant activity, free radical scavenging capacity, protein-bound carbonyl

256 In the research, two methods were used: free radical scavenging DPPH (microM Trolox) and the red

257 nd 1H(+)/1e(-) (phenoxyl radical--> quinone) free radical scavenging mechanisms of quercetin and its

258 erent reaction paths of double (2H(+)/2e(-)) free radical scavenging mechanisms was estimated.

259 In vitro antioxidant screening by the DPPH free radical scavenging method and the scavenging effect

260 ated using beta-carotene bleaching (BCB) and free radical scavenging method DPPH and compared with bu

261 The structure-free radical scavenging relationship of PCs showed a ver

262 orbic acid were very effective in oxygen and free radical scavenging, but they both induced browning

263 tection, structural support, coloration, and free radical scavenging.

264 l to contribute to health benefits by direct free radical scavenging.

265 Chelating and free radicals scavenging activities of extra virgin oliv

266 The fermented materials showed higher free radicals scavenging activity (82.54%, 4th day) agai

267 peels oleoresin, TPO, exhibited competitive free radicals scavenging activity with synthetic antioxi

268 fluence of tested factors on the activity of free radical-scavenging (DPPH) and the content of: dry m

269 ric-reducing/antioxidant power assay (FRAP), free radical-scavenging activity (DPPH), nitric oxide (N

270 ins, allowing representative measurements of free radical-scavenging capacity (DPPH) and trolox equiv

271 (TAC) and antioxidant activity (AA) by DPPH free-radical-scavenging assays.

272 gradation system substantially decreased the free radical signals and decreased the Fe(II) content.

273 A Ni-C bond cleavage was excluded as a free radical source.

274 Although free radical species contribute to COD removal, anodes d

275 characterize paramagnetic metal-organic and free radical species from tar balls and weathered crude

276 The cascade is mediated by organocopper and free radical species, and amounts to the first known [1+

277 O2) or singlet molecular oxygen, rather than free-radical species, perform major second messenger fun

278 the distance between the chromophore and the free radical spin as demonstrated theoretically and expe

279 to whether our data may form the basis for a free radical substituent constant, sigmaQ*, analogous to

280 able of producing significant amounts of the free radical superoxide.

281 This peptidomimetic/free radical system is a potentially excellent template

282 d against host-produced nitric oxide (NO), a free radical that can damage numerous biological macromo

283 Amorphous carbons contain persistent free radicals that may play a role in observed redox rea

284 greatly increases the local concentration of free radicals, thereby strongly influencing particle gro

285 ers were exposed to a gas stream enriched in free radicals to evaluate the scavenging capacity of bot

286 efore, by inhibiting Sirt1, caveolin-1 links free radicals to the activation of the p53/senescence pa

287 introduced by site-directed mutagenesis) as free-radical trapping 'tags' for downstream modification

288 om stabilization of the intermediate allylic free radical two sites for oxidative product formation a

289 days is equivalent to decades of exposure to free radicals under physiological conditions.

290 quercetin itself, able to deactivate various free radicals, under different biological conditions.

291 with two pendant, chiral nitronyl nitroxide free radical units.

292 d glycation endproducts (AGEs) together with free radicals via autoxidation of glucose and Amadori pr

293 udied cinnamic acid derivatives may scavenge free radicals via double processes by involvement of cat

294 The organic free radical was found to have a disc-shaped or flat str

295 ering particle size distributions to inhibit free radicals was assessed using four in vitro models, n

296 The oxidations generated by these free radicals were estimated on myofibrils prepared from

297 Stable organic free radicals were observed in the N2 system with g fact

298 s and/or insufficient ability for scavenging free radicals, which could contribute to PD pathogenesis

299 Nitric oxide () is a free radical with a wide range of biological effects, bu

300 methods, new insights into the reactivity of free radicals with nitrone derivatives have been propose