ライフサイエンスコーパス: gem

1 gem-1 encodes a multipass transmembrane protein that is

2 gem-4 encodes a member of the copine family of Ca(2+)-de

3 gem-Dimethyl substituents at the linker improved the pot

4 gem-Dimethyl substitution lowers the strain energy of cy

5 The 1'-(S)-methyl, 1'-gem-dimethyl, and 1'-cyclobutyl analogues exhibit remark

6 (R-allyl)LCl complexes [R = H, 1-Me, 1-Ph, 1-gem-Me(2), 2-Me; L = Q-Phos, P(t-Bu)(3), P(t-Bu)(2)(p-NM

7 19-oxo androgen and dehydration of the 19,19-gem-diol were shown to be catalytically competent.

8 nolized substrates in the presence of the 19-gem-diol decayed directly to the experimentally observed

9 [likely to bind as the hydrate, C(2)(OH)(2) gem-diol] as the most active substrates (for each, k(cat

10 a being either Gly (R(2) = H) or Aib (R(2) = gem-Me) and R(1) and R(3) either alkyl or amino acid sub

11 n of 1,1-difluoroallene, provides chiral 2,2-gem-difluorinated homoallylic alcohols in good yields an

12 Four of the ligands possess a C(4)-gem-dimethyl group and four a C(4)-gem-diphenyl group ad

13 ss a C(4)-gem-dimethyl group and four a C(4)-gem-diphenyl group adjacent to the C(5)-isopropyl substi

14 plexes of ligands 11a-h, along with non-C(4)-gem-disubstituted analogues 1a-g, were effective in the

15 Of these, analogues 50 (4,4-gem-difluoro) and 62 (4,4,4',4'-tetrafluoro) were highly

16 xide; insertion of phenylacetylene affords a gem-dicopper vinyl complex.

17 O)(OEt)(2))-7-(Me(2)S)B(12)H(10) (14g) and a gem-bisphosphonate 1-(MeS(CH(2))(3)CH[P(O)(OEt)(2)](2))-

18 hydrophobic groups at the phenyl ring and a gem-dimethyl group at the cyclopropane ring enhances the

19 -bearing peridotite, its clinopyroxene and a gem-quality diamond.

20 c cage compounds, utilizing PhSCF2SiMe3 as a gem-difluoromethylene building block, is described.

21 density suggests one active site contains a gem-diamine intermediate with d-ornithine; the second ha

22 approximately 350 nm is assigned as either a gem-diamine complex or a thiol adduct formed by nucleoph

23 se results provide additional evidence for a gem-diol intermediate in the catalytic mechanism of kynu

24 -ACP appeared to be the sole route to form a gem-dimethylated product, while the yersiniabactin PKS c

25 The peptide forms a gem-diol tetrahedral reaction intermediate (TI) in the c

26 version is observed with substrates having a gem-carbonyl group.

27 DFOA binds in a gem-diol form analogous to the oxalacetate intermediate/

28 nd to provide synthetic methods to install a gem-dimethyl group.

29 The transformation involves a gem-diamine intermediate that undergoes the indolizidine

30 es both the enantiotopic leaving groups of a gem-diacetate and enantiotopic faces of the enolate of a

31 tween the enantiotopic C-O single bonds of a gem-diacetate.

32 The observation of a gem-diamine intermediate provides insight into the confo

33 ed the pyrrolidine ring in the presence of a gem-difluoro moiety to avoid using potentially hazardous

34 Introduction of a gem-dimethyl on the 6-position of the morpholin-2-one co

35 e mechanism that involves the formation of a gem-diol intermediate from the Zn bound uracil and a wat

36 The direct observation of a gem-diol intermediate provides further evidence that sup

37 e reaction mechanism involves formation of a gem-diol intermediate, whose decomposition into the prod

38 onsistent with the reversible formation of a gem-diol intermediate.

39 of water for hydrolysis, and formation of a gem-diol intermediate.

40 The mechanophore, based on a gem-dichlorocyclopropanated indene, is synthesized and u

41 This amino acid provides a gem-dimethyl group on the thiazine or thiazepine ring wh

42 drolysis occurring via an acyl-enzyme than a gem-diol intermediate.

43 ly at about 340 nm, which is likely due to a gem-diamine intermediate.

44 olefination of an unstable aldehyde using a gem-dichromium reagent.

45 amily of enzymes is thought to proceed via a gem-diol reaction intermediate, which has not been obser

46 within the active site of the enzyme when a gem-diol transition state analogue inhibitor is bound at

47 midine nucleosides have been modified with a gem diether moiety to yield the following new nucleoside

48 e in which the O-O bond is broken to yield a gem diol species is structurally characterized.

49 In addition, gem-dimethyl substitution on the exocyclic double bond o

50 ted adducts 9 or alcohols 10 and 11 afforded gem-difluoromethylenated linear triquinanes 16 as an app

51 d in four steps starting from Carpino et al. gem-dichloro ketone 6.

52 te inhibitor binds as the hydrated aldehyde (gem-diol) in the enzyme active site, in a manner that mi

53 and chirality transfer to afford alkylidene(gem-difluorocyclopropanes) incorporating a quaternary st

54 as a route toward functionalized alkylidene(gem-difluorocyclopropanes).

55 I) catalyst yielded a new class of (E)-allyl-gem-dipyrazole scorpionate ligands: 1-aryl-2-N-pyrazolyl

56 Allylic gem-dichlorides undergo regio- and enanantioselective (e

57 by a novel asymmetric alkylation of allylic gem-dicarboxylates.

58 t occur with high stereospecificity, allylic gem-dicarboxylates serve as synthons for a double allyli

59 ta-keto intermediate to yield an alpha,alpha-gem-dimethyl product, a new programing feature among HRP

60 tho-chlorophenyl imine afforded a beta-amino gem-diiodide under the optimized reaction conditions due

61 The dehydrogenations of alcohol (Step 1) and gem-diol (Step 3) prefer the double hydrogen transfer me

62 uorocyclopropanes 11a, 11b, 12a, and 12b and gem-difluorocyclopropenes 13a and 13b.

63 -yl)carbamate (1) and its monomethyl (2) and gem-dimethyl analogues (3), were tested for activation b

64 studied by the reaction of trans-, cis-, and gem-ethylene-d2 upon activation of Cr(PNP(O4))(o,o'-biph

65 ated by the presence of gem-dialkylsilyl and gem-dialkylstannyl groups in the precursors.

66 thesis of gem-diiodides, gem-dibromides, and gem-dichlorides.

67 ted with the ring opening of gem-dibromo and gem-dichlorocyclopropanes affixed along the backbone of

68 nzocyclobutene, gem-difluorocyclopropane and gem-dichlorocyclopropane require approximately 130 pN le

69 docyclization of gem-difluorohomoallenyl and gem-difluorohomopropargyl alcohols with I2 and ICl, resp

70 ds synthetically important fluoroalkenes and gem-difluoromethlylene compounds regioselectively.

71 rivatives as precursors to vinyl halides and gem-dihalides are described in detail.

72 on both coupling partners: heteroarenes and gem-dibromoalkenes.

73 nal aldimine and quinonoid intermediates and gem-diamine and external aldimine intermediates, respect

74 Fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, and gem-dihaloalkenes are viable substrates for the transfor

75 Reinstallation of the trans-olefin and gem-dimethyl group present in bryostatin 1 in Merle 48 r

76 ivity for hydroboration of cis-, trans-, and gem-disubstituted alkenes in excellent agreement with ex

77 ically, SMN localization to Cajal bodies and gems was not observed in cells derived from Zpr1-/- embr

78 uclear structures termed Cajal body (CB) and gems.

79 These results suggest that CBs and gems are kinetically independent structures.

80 e kinetics of multiple components of CBs and gems in living cells using photobleaching microscopy.

81 CBs and gems often colocalize, and communication between these s

82 (combining herbs with metals, minerals, and gems).

83 t resulted in an increase in SMN protein and gems to normal levels.

84 orm secondary homopropargyl alcohols bearing gem-dimethyl groups.

85 ring-opening reactions of benzocyclobutene, gem-difluorocyclopropane and gem-dichlorocyclopropane re

86 ivation of type IA p110alpha PI3K and Akt by gem and abrogation of gem-induced upregulation of IL-1Ra

87 1beta-hydrogen atom abstraction followed by gem-diol deprotonation.

88 diate to produce P450 compound I and the C19 gem-diol likely proceeds with a low energetic barrier.

89 vidently migrates from the sulfur atom to C3-gem-diol obtained by hydration of the keto group and the

90 oplasm and in discrete nuclear bodies called gems.

91 s, where it is concentrated in bodies called gems.

92 nucleus, SMN is present in large foci called gems, the function of which is not yet known, while cyto

93 the number of intranuclear particles called gems.

94 Twin structures, called gems, contain high concentrations of the survival motor

95 The structure reveals a catalytic gem diol nucleophile derived from modification of a cyst

96 ning of a cis-dialkyl substituted syn-chloro-gem-chlorofluorocyclopropane, in violation of the Woodwa

97 rs and in silico docking studies, the chloro-gem-dimethyl-anthracenone substructure seen in the fasam

98 The mechanochemical activation of cis-gem-difluorocyclopropane (cis-gDFC) mechanophore in tolu

99 Brittle crystals, such as coloured gems, have long been known to cleave with atomically smo

100 n be installed like a breeze via the command gem install fselector.

101 T domain is suggested to facilitate complete gem-dimethylation by the MT.

102 e-N,N'-diacetic acid, which does not contain gem-dimethyl groups, are compared.

103 rbamate) were converted to the corresponding gem-difluorides in excellent yields on reaction with the

104 uxing conditions to afford the corresponding gem-difluoromethylenated 1-azabicyclic compounds 10-13 i

105 ly consumed by KOH to give the corresponding gem-diolate and provides the overall driving force for t

106 resulting adducts 3 to provide the cyclized gem-difluoromethylenated diquinanes 4 as a mixture of st

107 Silver(I)-imidazole cyclophane gem-diol complex, 3 [Ag2C36 N10(O)4](2+)2(x)-, where x =

108 xicity of the ligand (imidazolium cyclophane gem-diol dichloride) was assessed by intravenous adminis

109 rapidly and chemoselectively to the desired gem-difunctionalized products in good to excellent yield

110 ides, and in the synthesis of gem-diiodides, gem-dibromides, and gem-dichlorides.

111 r gem diether nucleosides, only the dimethyl gem diether congener showed significant antiviral activi

112 e, extracts prepared from cells that display gems are less efficient in methylating coilin and Sm con

113 ilin is hypomethylated in cells that display gems, but not in those that primarily contain CBs.

114 clude the following: (1) a typically elusive gem-diamine intermediate is trapped in the enzyme comple

115 e with a difluorocarbene source, we embedded gem-difluorocyclopropanes (gDFCs) along the polymer back

116 Miyaura cross-coupling of optically enriched gem-diboronyl compounds with various aryl bromides.

117 Here we report that large, exceptional gem diamonds like the Cullinan, Constellation, and Koh-i

118 l rotaxanes have been synthesized to explore gem-dibromoethene moieties as "masked" polyynes.

119 Of the four gem diether nucleosides, only the dimethyl gem diether c

120 stituted 3,3-difluoro-4,5-dihydrofurans from gem-difluorohomopropargyl alcohols occurred in excellent

121 formation with different substituents, from gem-diol formation for electron-donating substituents to

122 blocks for the preparation of functionalized gem-difluorocyclopropanes.

123 Furthermore, gem was able to protect neurons from IL-1beta insult.

124 ne-bridged model compounds (16) and (18) (g, gem-diaminoalkyl; m, malonyl; and r, direction-reversed

125 derlines a novel application of gemfibrozil (gem), a Food and Drug Administration-approved lipid-lowe

126 b-d were compared with those of the geminal (gem) selectivity model ethyl tiglate (1a).

127 ion of pyrroles and terminal alkynes to give gem-selective alpha-vinylpyrroles.

128 is is also the first report of selective C-H gem-difluorination.

129 Substrates having gem-hydrogen, -alkyl, or -alkenyl groups give products w

130 e system 1a/1a' without a change in the high gem regioselectivity.

131 Homopropargylic gem-difluoro alcohols are synthesized by addition of ind

132 that methylation can precede condensation in gem-dimethyl group producing PKS modules.

133 The Thorpe-Ingold effect in gem-dimethyl substituted enediynes enhances the efficien

134 We report here that mutations in gem-4 (gon-2 extragenic modifier) are capable of suppres

135 eases binding of coilin to SMN, resulting in gem formation.

136 hloride or iodotoluene difluoride results in gem-dichlorination or gem-difluorination products, respe

137 colocalizes with SMN in the cytoplasm and in gems.

138 colocalized with SMN in the cytoplasm and in gems.

139 and the nucleus, where it is concentrated in gems.

140 and the nucleus where it is concentrated in gems.

141 he nucleus, where it colocalizes with SMN in gems.

142 rillarin and GAR1 colocalization with SMN in gems.

143 Gemin3 show that it colocalizes with SMN in gems.

144 a diverse array of cyclopentanes, including gem-disubstituted cyclopentanes having substitution on t

145 he flexible flaps of the PR by incorporating gem-difluorines and alkoxy, respectively, at the C4 posi

146 t novel bis(oxazoline) ligands incorporating gem-disubstitution on one of the oxazoline rings were pr

147 SMN protein levels and intranuclear gems also were significantly increased in these hydroxyu

148 three-component heterocyclization involving gem-bromofluorocyclopropanes, nitrosyl tetrafluoroborate

149 2BF4(-)) exists in equilibrium with both its gem-diol and several aggregates (from dimers to at least

150 y both for substrates containing and lacking gem-dimethyl substitution.

151 l assemblages and reduced volatiles in large gem diamonds indicate formation under metal-saturated co

152 These little gems have a wide range of potential applications in trib

153 l)-4,5-dihydroimidazol-2-ylidene; R = H, Me, gem-Me2, Ph] have been synthesized and fully characteriz

154 ce of the PI3K-Akt-CREB pathway in mediating gem-induced upregulation of IL-1Ra in neurons and sugges

155 propane dibromide 10 gave E- and Z-methylene-gem-difluorocyclopropanes 11a, 11b, 12a, and 12b and gem

156 undergoing AlkDF include monofluoroalkanes, gem-difluorocyclopentane, and compounds containing a CF(

157 The binding mode of the neutral gem-diol may mimic the binding of the neutral tetrahedra

158 The synthesis of a range of novel gem-disubstituted and electronically varied thiophene-ox

159 The synthesis of a range of novel gem-disubstituted ferrocene-oxazoline ligands and their

160 lso increased SMN protein levels and nuclear gem/Cajal body numbers in patient-derived cells.

161 merizes and interacts with Gemin2 in nuclear gems and axonal granules.

162 stribute to the cytoplasm and to the nuclear gems.

163 n most cell types, CBs coincide with nuclear gems, which contain the survival of motor neurons (SMN)

164 em (CNS) showed intense labeling of nuclear "gems," along with prominent nucleolar immunoreactivity i

165 rotein, preventing the formation of nuclear 'gems' by disrupting the recruitment of the protein to Ca

166 function and increase the number of nuclear 'gems', small nuclear organelles in which survival motor

167 0alpha PI3K and Akt by gem and abrogation of gem-induced upregulation of IL-1Ra by inhibitors of PI3K

168 The conversion of gem-diesters to chiral esters by the substitution reacti

169 rm the gem-diol (Step 2); dehydrogenation of gem-diol to carboxylic acid (Step 3); and deprotonation

170 gesting that gon-4 either acts downstream of gem-4 and gon-2 or acts in a parallel regulatory pathway

171 al IL-1Ra abrogated the protective effect of gem against IL-1beta, suggesting that this drug increase

172 Enantioselective transfer hydrogenation of gem-dibenzoate 1e in the presence of aromatic, alpha,bet

173 Inactivation of gem-1 enhances the gonadogenesis defects of gon-2 hypomo

174 en-1-yl acetates through the intermediacy of gem-diacetates.

175 The iodocyclization of gem-difluorohomoallenyl and gem-difluorohomopropargyl al

176 The yields of both iodocyclization of gem-difluorohomopropargyl alcohol and subsequent Suzuki

177 In order to characterize the mechanism of gem-dimethyl group formation, with a goal toward enginee

178 Mutation of gem-4 does not suppress the gonadal defects produced by

179 e forces associated with the ring opening of gem-dibromo and gem-dichlorocyclopropanes affixed along

180 nonscissile mechanochemical ring opening of gem-dichlorocyclopropane mechanophores and (ii) the mole

181 eration of the electrocyclic ring opening of gem-dichlorocyclopropanes (gDCC) is sensitive to the ste

182 -dihalides is facilitated by the presence of gem-dialkylsilyl and gem-dialkylstannyl groups in the pr

183 an asymmetric allylic alkylation reaction of gem-diacetate 9 with azlactone 10.

184 Rotation of gem-dimethyls in commonly used nitroxides causes spin ec

185 mpounds were prepared by the substitution of gem-dichlorovinylene with 1,2-benzenedithiol.

186 A method for the synthesis of gem-difluorinated nitroso compounds is described.

187 An asymmetric synthesis of gem-difluoromethylenated dihydroxypyrrolizidines and ind

188 tively, a convenient asymmetric synthesis of gem-difluoromethylenated linear triquinanes 16A can be a

189 An asymmetric synthesis of gem-difluoromethylenated linear triquinanes is described

190 The synthesis of gem-difluoromethylenated polycyclic cage compounds, util

191 employed as precursors for the synthesis of gem-difluoromethylenated tetracyclic cage lactols or tet

192 s of vinyl bromides, and in the synthesis of gem-diiodides, gem-dibromides, and gem-dichlorides.

193 eloped for the rapid asymmetric synthesis of gem-dimethyl and spirocyclopropyl norbornyl carboxylic a

194 The trimerization of gem-ethylene-d2 has an isotope effect of 1.3(1), consist

195 n structures that also contain components of gems and coiled (Cajal) bodies.

196 structures that contain the known markers of gems and coiled bodies, and inhibits RNA pol I and pol I

197 tients, SMN protein levels and the number of gems generally correlate with disease severity, suggesti

198 tes a significant reduction in the number of gems in type I SMA patients and a correlation of the num

199 patients and a correlation of the number of gems with clinical severity.

200 eveal that collapse of the carbinolamine (or gem-diamine) to give the final product is the rate-deter

201 difluoride results in gem-dichlorination or gem-difluorination products, respectively.

202 ided as a Ruby Gem from https://rubygems.org/gems/bio-svgenes under the MIT license, and open source

203 ector is available from https://rubygems.org/gems/fselector and can be installed like a breeze via th

204 Phi(gem) = 0.32 for WT and His64Gln, and Phi(gem) = 0.85 for Val68Phe).

205 e quantum yield in this mutated protein (Phi(gem) = 0.32 for WT and His64Gln, and Phi(gem) = 0.85 for

206 We previously reported two gemini pollen (gem) mutants that produced twin-celled pollen arising fr

207 d in a quantitative increase in SMN-positive gems and an overall increase in detectable SMN protein.

208 es that maintain immature neural precursors (gem, zic2) requires the Acidic blob (AB) region in the N

209 r each enzyme, corresponding to the proposed gem-diol reaction intermediate, over a time scale of 1-2

210 n, Krohn photo-oxidation, and regioselective gem-dichlorination.

211 ive intermediate derived from 1A(+) requires gem-1,1-dihydoxo stereochemistry to perform O-O bond for

212 The compound restored gems numbers in type I SMA patient fibroblasts to levels

213 ed complexes reacted with CO to form rhodium gem-dicarbonyls, which, in the presence of ethylene, gav

214 alable route to access functional-group-rich gem-difluoroalkenes.

215 hree hydrolysis reactions may share the same gem-diol intermediate.

216 ro-infrared spectroscopic study of a single, gem-quality quartz crystal that allows us to measure the

217 We also show that, in contrast to CBs, SMN gems do not associate with U2 gene loci and do not conta

218 of both CBs and survival motor neurons (SMN) gems.

219 y crystal structure shows that the squaraine gem-dimethyl groups force a relatively wide separation b

220 We term these prominent nuclear structures gems, for Gemini of coiled bodies.

221 along the backbone of purely cis-substituted gem-difluorocyclopropanated polybutadiene using the exte

222 pregulation of IL-1Ra in neurons and suggest gem as a possible therapeutic treatment for propagating

223 ective synthesis of the desired C2-symmetric gem-difluoromethylenated angular triquinanes 6 in good y

224 A synthesis of symmetrical gem-difluoromethylenated angular triquinanes is describe

225 sion of a CRH-1/CREB transcriptional target (gem-4 Copine), which parallels the effects of human Shan

226 nuclear form is located in structures termed gems.

227 clear localization within structures termed 'gems', which co-localize with spliceosomal factors withi

228 rious central functional groups and terminal gem-dimethyl or -methyl/aryl substituents was synthesize

229 and diols with a 13-atom chain and terminal gem-dimethyl substituents.

230 ailable at http://genomics10.bu.edu/terrence/gems/.

231 These studies reveal that gem-disubstitution of i-Pr-containing ferrocene oxazolin

232 These investigations show that gem-disubstitution of i-Pr-PHOX-type ligands can lead to

233 The gem-dimethyl effect is the acceleration of cyclization b

234 The gem-dimethyl groups in polyketide-derived natural produc

235 The gem-dimethyl moiety is a structural feature frequently f

236 rised five, six, or seven atoms, and (3) the gem-dimethyl group was replaced with spirocyclic groups.

237 fering RNA attenuation of CREB abolished the gem-mediated increase in IL-1Ra.

238 In addition, the gem-dimethyl series of analogues seem to display improve

239 plex with Mg(2+) and a substrate analog: the gem-diol of 3,3-difluoro-oxaloacetate) was determined fo

240 ing the central ketone functionality and the gem dimethyl or methyl/aryl substituents.

241 ting the central ether functionality and the gem dimethyl or methyl/aryl substituents.

242 due to a syn pentane interaction between the gem-dimethyl groups on the 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidiny

243 dicinal chemists have elegantly employed the gem-dimethyl group to obtain clinically useful drugs and

244 that inhibitors that too strongly favor the gem-diol configuration have decreased potency due to low

245 or potency, with inhibitors that favored the gem-diol conformation exhibiting greater potency.

246 The Thorpe-Ingold hypothesis for the gem-dimethyl effect in the cyclization reactions of 2-ch

247 ; coupling of aldehyde and water to form the gem-diol (Step 2); dehydrogenation of gem-diol to carbox

248 itor aldehyde moiety is hydrated to form the gem-diol: one hydroxyl group bridges the Mn(2+)(2) clust

249 ween acetaldehyde and its hydrated form, the gem-diol.

250 the corresponding steps that start from the gem-diolate and formate.

251 If the gem dimethyl groups of (+)-alpha-pinene occupied similar

252 he latter structures clearly illustrates the gem-dimethyl effect.

253 pressed by gain-of-function mutations in the gem-1 (gon-2 extragenic modifier) locus.

254 to the pro-S methylene carbon of ACC in the gem-diamine complexes, implicating a direct role of this

255 novel compounds containing this moiety, the gem-dimethyl group producing polyketide synthase (PKS) m

256 to address the challenging synthesis of the gem-difluoro group present in an opioid receptor-like 1

257 ubsequent cascade radical cyclization of the gem-difluoroalkyl radical generated from silylated adduc

258 nd E-W routes lie in (1) the location of the gem-dimethyl group (with respect to the 1-acetal unit) a

259 The effects of the gem-dimethyl groups on complex stabilities are explained

260 ructural changes included replacement of the gem-dimethyl moiety with spirocycloalkane groups and/or

261 One of the gem-diol hydroxide groups in the PRWT complex forms a ve

262 he following two steps: (1) formation of the gem-diol intermediate and (2) cleavage of the peptide bo

263 arrier of 22.4 kcal/mol for formation of the gem-diol intermediate is 3.3 kcal/mol higher than for th

264 the oxygen exchange is the formation of the gem-diol intermediate, which is also the rate determinin

265 anticipated rate accelerations based on the gem-dimethyl effect are nonexistent and that substituent

266 oton on the ring nitrogen rather than on the gem-dinitro carbon results in extensive hydrogen-bonding

267 These results suggested that removing the gem-dimethyl group and flattening the ring would enhance

268 We find that the gem-diamine and external aldimine of aminoacrylate are t

269 Solution-state studies show that the gem-dimethyl groups in 3,3-dimethylindoline squaraine dy

270 Thus, the gem-dimethyl acceleration of oxirane formation for 1-3 i

271 by a vic-difluoro unit when compared to the gem-difluoro counterparts.

272 at least some thermodynamic component to the gem-dimethyl effect.

273 y positioning an oxygen atom adjacent to the gem-dimethyl-substituted carbon in 5 was properly realiz

274 503, Tyr532, and Phe533 interacting with the gem-dimethyl group.

275 t is excluded from the coiled bodies and the gems.

276 The "gem-bound" B(3)H(8) group itself has an atypical structu

277 lved as the days of stumbling on therapeutic gems, such as aspirin, have long passed and have been re

278 In this gem, we discuss the unique position BAF occupies at the

279 ntaining inhibitors and relate these data to gem-diol formation.

280 12 and trans-13 were readily transformed to gem-difluoromethylenated dihydroxypyrrolizidines 20 and

281 mponent of the SMN complex that localizes to gems and interacts with several Sm proteins of the splic

282 M), all aggregates break up and the keto-to-gem-diol equilibrium is shifted quantitatively toward th

283 ording the corresponding and highly valuable gem-difluoro esters.

284 lished conditions, the alkylation of various gem-dicarboxylates afforded monoalkylated products in hi

285 A vinylogous gem effect was observed for the gamma,delta-dimethylated

286 The vinylogous gem effect favors the formation of 1,3-dienes from the s

287 The vinylogous gem effect is rationalized by DFT calculations showing t

288 When gem-dichlorocyclopropane (gDCC) copolymers derived from

289 est and lowest on the cultivars Vaila-winter gem and Dazzle respectively, and much higher in endophyt

290 A cross-coupling of acyl chlorides with gem-difluorinated organozinc reagents affording difluori

291 n of adenine and 2-amino-6-chloropurine with gem-difluorocyclopropane dibromide 10 gave E- and Z-meth

292 moieties enhances catalytic efficency, with gem-dialkyl effect accelerations of 4.5 and 9.1, respect

293 lobutane is a four-membered carbon ring with gem-dimethyl substituents.

294 MS is available for download from http://www.gems-system.org for non-commercial use.

295 onfirm the importance of n(F) --> sigma*(C-Y)gem, where Y = H, C, O, S, hyperconjugative interactions