ライフサイエンスコーパス: gene conversion

1 mplate switching that does not affect simple gene conversion.

2 crossover and discover regions of interlocus gene conversion.

3 , population demographic history, and biased gene conversion.

4 ISPR are substrates for transgene-instructed gene conversion.

5 a quantitatively tractable model system for gene conversion.

6 ing (SDSA) plays a major role in DSB-induced gene conversion.

7 es were attributable to compound mutation or gene conversion.

8 est for meiotic drive and found evidence for gene conversion.

9 an essential role in anti-recombination and gene conversion.

10 influence on GC-content evolution via biased gene conversion.

11 f mutational hotspots or sites of long-range gene conversion.

12 of the previously described coalescent with gene conversion.

13 ylation of the DNA repair products following gene conversion.

14 were derived from the MW gene as a result of gene conversion.

15 n ZIC, and GLI family) that show evidence of gene conversion.

16 concentrated to one region and attributed to gene conversion.

17 are proficient for repair of a 238-bp gap by gene conversion.

18 or Msp2 and Msp3 variants, both generated by gene conversion.

19 despite its systematic elimination by biased gene conversion.

20 cal, share polymorphisms, and are subject to gene conversion.

21 elated pathways of somatic hypermutation and gene conversion.

22 and rat (Rattus norvegicus) for evidence of gene conversion.

23 duplicates are likely to be incorrect due to gene conversion.

24 ation of the deletion in KIR2DP1(F) by micro gene conversion.

25 ut ancestral structure, linked selection, or gene conversion.

26 sequence identity, presumably maintained by gene conversion.

27 that show evidence of ongoing inter-paralog gene conversion.

28 nts in the outer membrane protein Msp2 using gene conversion.

29 and II genes in terms of both selection and gene conversion.

30 n, little is known about non-crossover (NCO) gene conversion.

31 a specific defect in replication-associated gene conversion.

32 0% of recombinants could be accounted for by gene conversion.

33 cs, comes in two known forms: crossovers and gene conversions.

34 ent roles in DSB-induced proximal and distal gene conversions.

35 of meiotic recombination are crossovers and gene conversions.

36 exhibits high resolution in the detection of gene conversions.

37 conversions), which leads to many undetected gene conversions.

38 ng is thought to occur predominantly through gene conversion, a form of homologous recombination init

39 Mto1 promote the repair of an induced DSB by gene conversion, a type of homology-directed repair.

40 hondrial retroprocessing and interorganellar gene conversion across the 2 billion year divide between

41 We also show that recombination and biased gene conversion actively maintain the heterogeneous GC c

42 a substantial reduction in recombination and gene conversion activity as measured by the relative fre

43 closely related sabB and omp27 genes due to gene conversion among 51 North American paediatric H. py

44 nvestigate the extent and characteristics of gene conversion among gene families in nine species of t

45 this haplotype indicates that high levels of gene conversion among ISX elements allow them to 'crowd-

46 ghly significant difference in the amount of gene conversion among species.

47 ying differences in the mechanistic basis of gene conversion among species.

48 nct alleles due to a history of interparalog gene conversion and alleles of the same functional type

49 re, possibly because of the joint effects of gene conversion and balancing selection.

50 While gene conversion and classical nonhomologous end-joining

51 mutations, and have extremely high rates of gene conversion and deletion.

52 ne reveals large amounts of gene flux (i.e., gene conversion and double crossovers) even within inver

53 s work extends the paradigms of HDR-mediated gene conversion and establishes guidelines for PGE in hu

54 homologous chromosomes, thus contributing to gene conversion and genetic diversity.

55 ct of loss of heterozygosity that accrues as gene conversion and hemizygous deletion expose preexisti

56 rong substitutions associated with GC-biased gene conversion and increased rates of fixation of trans

57 d controlling for possible effects of biased gene conversion and methylation at CpG sites.

58 We find evidence for both GC-biased gene conversion and mutagenesis around meiotic DSB hotsp

59 strate to simultaneously monitor HR-mediated gene conversion and non-conservative mutation events.

60 les because it is somatically diversified by gene conversion and point mutation.

61 that a DSB is a natural intermediate of VSG gene conversion and that VSG switching is the result of

62 all the Rad51 paralogs in the initiation of gene conversion and the Rad51C/XRCC3 complex in its term

63 be homogenized in sequence, suggesting that gene conversion and unequal crossovers lead to repeat ho

64 hod for inference under models with variable gene-conversion and crossing-over rates and demonstrate

65 an length of variants generated by segmental gene conversion, and (iii) antigenic variants were ident

66 (ii) defective in HR-mediated immunoglobulin gene conversion, and (iii) exhibit an increased frequenc

67 sified and matured by somatic hypermutation, gene conversion, and class-switch recombination.

68 DSB formation, gene conversion, and crossing-over were coordinately red

69 t, variable mutation/recombination rates and gene conversion, and efficiently outputs pairwise identi

70 econd-site mutation, original-site mutation, gene conversion, and intragenic crossover.

71 ddition, we identified atypical mutations, a gene conversion, and one missed mutation resulting from

72 ns of pseudogenation, copy number variation, gene conversion, and selection within geographically iso

73 ntally across insertion sites by non-allelic gene conversion, and vertically through the population b

74 od for jointly estimating the crossing-over, gene-conversion, and mean tract length parameters from p

75 rvations regarding meiotic crossing over and gene conversion are readily resolved in a framework that

76 ity that a site is involved in non-crossover gene conversion as 5.99 x 10(-6).

77 findings expand our appreciation of HGT and gene conversion as creative evolutionary forces, establi

78 e rapidly from TEs and implicate non-allelic gene conversion as having an important role in accelerat

79 ed to a hyper-recombination phenotype in the gene conversion assay.

80 to resist MMS-induced DNA damage and promote gene conversion at blocked replication forks.

81 ressures may also promote different rates of gene conversion at each class.

82 bA gene copy, sabA and sabB were lost due to gene conversion at similar rates in vitro, suggesting ho

83 To investigate whether gene conversion at the bz locus is polarized, two large

84 required to generate crossovers accompanying gene conversion at the I-SceI cut site.

85 ts introduced during strain construction and gene conversion at the MAT locus.

86 thin recombination hotspots, focusing biased gene conversion at their flanks.

87 eases the absolute frequency of 'long-tract' gene conversions at Tus/Ter-stalled forks, an outcome no

88 recent duplicates that may have experienced gene conversion because they may provide false signals o

89 is shared with KIR3DL2 and was introduced by gene conversion before separation of the human and chimp

90 r in patients singly or together, arose from gene conversion between CFH encoding FH and CFHR1 encodi

91 However, gene duplication, coupled with gene conversion between duplicate pairs, can potentially

92 Gene conversion between duplicated genes has been implic

93 genomes revealed that, triggered by frequent gene conversion between duplicates, the evolutionary his

94 SNVs, but also SNVs within a locus at which gene conversion between four genomic paralogs operates,

95 he coupling of Y-linked gene duplication and gene conversion between paralogs can also prove costly b

96 ght of known laboratory manipulations plus a gene conversion between ribosomal RNA operons.

97 aralogs in the control of the termination of gene conversion between sister chromatids.

98 ii and C. dublinensis, including evidence of gene conversion between species.

99 heterogeneity is generated by nonreciprocal gene conversion between the tprK expression site and don

100 te and GC content, supporting both GC-biased gene conversion (BGC) models and selection-driven codon

101 s and its different forms, crossing over and gene conversion both play an important role in shaping g

102 cells had a reduced capacity for HR-mediated gene conversion both spontaneously and in response to I-

103 conclude that caffeine treatment can disrupt gene conversion by disrupting Rad51 filaments.

104 Homing endonucleases stimulate gene conversion by generating site-specific DNA double-s

105 ng, characteristics that are consistent with gene conversion by synthesis-dependent strand annealing.

106 Gene conversion can have a profound impact on both the s

107 eukaryotes, i.e., using the coalescent with gene conversion (CGC).

108 n incorporates regions of <1 kb, and allelic gene conversion changes the frequency of small regions w

109 les exhibiting a high frequency of germ-line gene conversion consistent with homology-directed repair

110 ificantly reduced or abolished meiotic DSBs, gene conversion, crossover recombination and the faithfu

111 crossover frequency, crossover interference, gene conversion, crossover/noncrossover ratios, and chro

112 that only 1-15% of gene trees are misled by gene conversion, depending on the lineage considered.

113 f a chromosomal double-strand break (DSB) by gene conversion depends on the ability of the broken end

114 gene-family members, suggesting that ectopic gene conversion does not significantly alter nucleotide

115 ution through the loss of introns: RNA-based gene conversion, dubbed the Fink model and retroposition

116 The analysis suggests that gene conversion effectively initiates uniformly at any p

117 The findings demonstrate that segmental gene conversion efficiently generates Msp2 antigenic var

118 monoterpene synthase followed by a localized gene conversion event directed by a diterpene synthase g

119 he mismatch repair (MMR) system, producing a gene conversion event.

120 Homeologous gene conversion events (HeGCEs) gradually subsided, decl

121 ssess both a typical HR pathway resulting in gene conversion events as well as an end joining (EJ) pa

122 by incorporating recombination hotspots and gene conversion events at arbitrarily chosen locations a

123 Utilizing this assay system, we find that gene conversion events at the proximal and distal region

124 ination of double-strand break (DSB)-induced gene conversion events at the site of a DSB (proximal re

125 1 gene (CFHR1) that originates by recurrent gene conversion events between the CFH and CFHR1 genes.

126 e instability" (HI) hypothesis suggests that gene conversion events focused on heterozygous sites dur

127 s hypothesis by examining the crossovers and gene conversion events induced by gamma irradiation in G

128 osomes in mammalian genomes, the majority of gene conversion events occur between duplicates on the s

129 ls that they have been subject to nonallelic gene conversion events spanning tens of kilobases.

130 Strikingly, the gene conversion events were biased in favour of long-tra

131 ken chromatid is not altered in noncrossover gene conversion events, providing strong evidence that n

132 termediate, does not influence the length of gene conversion events, revealing non-catalytical roles

133 ng simulations to assess our power to detect gene conversion events, we determined rates of conversio

134 The mean tract lengths for gene-conversion events are estimated to be approximately

135 The pattern of gene-conversion events associated with cross-overs sugge

136 himeric promoters that are best explained by gene conversion followed by homologous recombination.

137 Gene conversion frequently spares the binding site of th

138 In contrast, in gene conversion gap repair and in break-induced replicat

139 ene G+C content, highlighting the G+C-biased gene conversion (gBGC) effect across Cellulosimicrobium

140 Much evidence indicates that GC-biased gene conversion (gBGC) has a major impact on the evoluti

141 However, the strength of GC-biased gene conversion (gBGC) in human populations and its effe

142 opposing mutation, and shows that GC-biased gene conversion (gBGC) predominates over mutation in the

143 selection were initially invoked, GC-biased gene conversion (gBGC), a recombination-associated proce

144 of non-adaptive phenomena, such as GC-biased gene conversion (gBGC), which favors the fixation of str

145 n, via the non-adaptive process of GC-biased gene conversion (gBGC).

146 rather is accompanied by elevated levels of gene conversion (GC) and bi-directional GC tracts specif

147 DNA double-strand break (DSB) is repaired by gene conversion (GC) if both ends of the DSB share homol

148 -homologous tail before completing repair by gene conversion (GC).

149 ticular structure of these exons facilitates gene conversion(GC) events, leading to the generation of

150 distribution of meiotic crossovers (COs) and gene conversions (GCs) is essential for understanding ma

151 ecombination, including crossovers (COs) and gene conversions (GCs), impacts natural variation and is

152 There was no evidence of gene conversion, gene locus duplication, or natural sele

153 We also found that gene conversion had a stronger role in shaping the evolu

154 Nonallelic gene conversion has been proposed as a major force in ho

155 We conclude that gene conversion has had only a small effect on mammalian

156 together, our findings reveal that GC-biased gene conversion has important population genetic and pub

157 n methods, we explicitly show that, although gene conversion has little impact on the probability tha

158 positive (balancing) selection and frequent gene conversion has maintained higher diversity of MHC c

159 he evolution of these gene families and that gene conversion has occurred independently in both prima

160 analyses and synteny evidence, we show that gene conversion has played an important role in the evol

161 In addition, historically high rates of gene conversion have homogenized WGD paralogs, probably

162 the construct, 20 to 33% of reads arose via gene conversion (homologous recombination).

163 sequences, a phenomenon known as interlocus gene conversion (IGC).

164 ghts into mechanisms of genome stability and gene conversion in any organism for which genome sequenc

165 recently observed pattern of tetraploidy and gene conversion in asexual, bdelloid rotifers.

166 en shown to affect AID-mediated mutation and gene conversion in chicken DT40 cells.

167 Whereas gene conversion in crossovers is associated with recipro

168 s typically modeled as statistically akin to gene conversion in eukaryotes, i.e., using the coalescen

169 RI-1 specifically reduces gene conversion in human cells while stimulating single

170 n selective medium were sufficient to obtain gene conversion in initially heterozygous mutants.

171 mbination initiation and which causes biased gene conversion in SNP heterozygotes.

172 rsion model--that integrates HGT and ongoing gene conversion in the context of speciation.

173 rsity, and detect signatures consistent with gene conversion in the human species.

174 We could establish intrachromosomal gene conversion in the male germline as underlying mecha

175 Gene conversion in the OPN1LW/OPN1MW genes has been post

176 ing angiosperm evolution, but no evidence of gene conversion in the opposite direction.

177 D-loops, providing a mechanism for limiting gene conversion in vivo.

178 epair in Saccharomyces cerevisiae we studied gene conversion in which both strands of DNA are newly s

179 ere we show that caffeine treatment prevents gene conversion in yeast, independently of its inhibitio

180 n events were biased in favour of long-tract gene conversions in FANCJ depleted cells.

181 mster cells exhibit reduction in the overall gene conversions in response to a site-specific chromoso

182 for persistence, A. marginale uses segmental gene conversion, in which oligonucleotide segments from

183 es cerevisiae) are analyzed for disparity in gene conversion, in which one allele is more often favor

184 abA is lost, either by phase variation or by gene conversion, in which the babB paralog recombines in

185 e the unidirectional transfer of information-gene conversion-in both crossovers and noncrossovers.

186 These results lead to a model in which Ig gene conversion initiates and is completed or nearly com

187 epair template (the transgene) are copied by gene conversion into the genome.

188 We also identified interchromosomal gene conversion involving HR and MMEJ at different ends

189 In conclusion, gene conversion is a mechanism for H. pylori to regulate

190 not have observable mutagenic effects after gene conversion is accounted for and that local gene-con

191 e role of hMLH1 and hMRE11 in the process of gene conversion is complex, and these proteins play diff

192 Gene conversion is impaired even at low concentrations o

193 risingly, loss of babA by phase variation or gene conversion is not dependent on the capacity of BabA

194 Gene conversion is not supported by any published coales

195 Gene conversion is one of the frequent end results of ho

196 We determined that sabB to sabA gene conversion is predominantly the result of intra-gen

197 heckpoint arrest when the DSB is repaired by gene conversion is substantially defective in the absenc

198 Gene conversion is the copying of a genetic sequence fro

199 n tracts--are also the cases where detecting gene conversion is the easiest.

200 ugh repair of double-strand breaks (DSBs) by gene conversion is the most accurate way to repair such

201 We show that modeling overlapping gene conversions is crucial for improving the joint esti

202 How the extent of gene conversions is regulated is unknown.

203 Our results show that, as expected, gene conversion leads to higher rates of false-positive

204 nes are assembled into functional units by a gene conversion-like mechanism that employs flanking var

205 Most DSB repair events occur by gene conversion limiting loss of heterozygosity (LOH) fo

206 balance between short- (STGC) and long-tract gene conversion (LTGC) between sister chromatids.

207 omplex, reveal a bias in favor of long-tract gene conversion (LTGC) during SCR.

208 e regulation of short- (STGC) and long-tract gene conversions (LTGC) by FANCJ was dependent on its in

209 cost enables the development of genome-wide gene conversion maps and 'unlocks' many previously inacc

210 is a marker of double-strand breaks, and Ig gene conversion may therefore proceed by a pathway invol

211 nges in recombinational processes, including gene conversion, may be a central force driving the evol

212 The VLRs appear to be diversified by a gene conversion mechanism involving lineage-specific cyt

213 ately 35 bases) engage in a highly efficient gene conversion mechanism.

214 essential for VSG silencing, suppresses VSG gene conversion-mediated switching.

215 Gene conversion might accompany recombination intermedia

216 model--the duplicative HGT and differential gene conversion model--that integrates HGT and ongoing g

217 onor" region to an "acceptor." In nonallelic gene conversion (NAGC), the donor and the acceptor are a

218 Non-exchange gene conversion (non-crossover, NCO) may facilitate homo

219 Gene conversion, non-reciprocal transfer from one homolo

220 In chicken DT40 B cells, gene conversion normally predominates, producing mutatio

221 ting-type donor selection and for the biased gene conversion observed during meiosis, where M cells s

222 rved 16S ribosomal RNA gene, we suggest that gene conversion occurs in multiple, separated genomic ho

223 Our results indicate that gene conversion occurs more frequently than crossing ove

224 This suggests that gene conversion occurs more often between duplications i

225 Anaplasma marginale utilizes gene conversion of a repertoire of silent msp2 alleles i

226 break by homologous recombination results in gene conversion of an inactive GFP allele to an active G

227 air mutation that encoded a stop codon or by gene conversion of babA with a duplicate copy of babB, a

228 d52-dependent mechanism that did not involve gene conversion of genomic Ty1 sequences.

229 permutation, class-switch recombination, and gene conversion of Ig genes by the deamination of deoxyc

230 permutation, class-switch recombination, and gene conversion of immunoglobulin genes.

231 hile concerted evolution of IR1 is driven by gene conversion of small regions.

232 rogenital environment by loss of capsule and gene conversion of the Neisseria gonorrheae norB-aniA ca

233 on of these differences is that simultaneous gene conversion on both sides of a recombination-initiat

234 oups, we quantified the effects of GC-biased gene conversion on population genomic data sets.

235 imulations to study the impact of nonallelic gene conversion on the specificity of PAML to detect pos

236 tion is consistent with the effect of biased gene conversion or selection-dependent processes.

237 is known to initiate somatic hypermutation, gene conversion or switch recombination by cytidine deam

238 the JAK2 mutation by mitotic recombination, gene conversion, or deletion was excluded in all wild-ty

239 een affected by nonreciprocal recombination (gene conversion) over nearly their full length after ric

240 The gene conversion patterns of G1-irradiated cells (but not

241 cenarios, including recombination hot spots, gene conversion, population size changes, population str

242 Comparing the results with those of two gene conversion prediction programs (GENECONV and Partim

243 rker exchange, corresponding to noncrossover gene conversions, predominate between alleles derived fr

244 mbination VLR are somatically assembled by a gene conversion process.

245 on mobility by a unidirectional, duplicative gene-conversion process known as homing [1].

246 in this experiment allowed for estimates of gene-conversion processes.

247 joint estimation of the crossover rate, the gene conversion rate and the mean conversion tract lengt

248 al for improving the joint estimation of the gene conversion rate and the mean conversion tract lengt

249 In addition, using previous estimates of the gene conversion rate from Daphnia mutation accumulation

250 sequence, with a corresponding non-crossover gene conversion rate of 8.75 +/- 0.05 x 10(-6) per base

251 melanogaster, and show that the ratio of the gene conversion rate to the crossover rate for the regio

252 Gene conversion rates (number of conversion events/numbe

253 se cells exhibited a significant increase in gene conversion rates.

254 present a method for inferring mutation and gene-conversion rates by using the number of sequence di

255 e conversion is accounted for and that local gene-conversion rates reflect recombination rates.

256 High-frequency gene conversion reactions between many silent pilin loci

257 A major route for such VSG switching is gene conversion reactions in which RAD51, a universally

258 nvolvement of hMLH1 and hMRE11 in the distal gene conversion requires both hMSH2 and heteroduplex for

259 Gene conversions resulting from meiotic recombination ar

260 Gene conversion results in the nonreciprocal transfer of

261 Substitution types subject to biased gene conversion show no more variation among species tha

262 rn changes (in Siglecs -1, -5, -6, and -11); gene conversion (SIGLEC11); and deletion or pseudogeniza

263 features of paralogous genes correlate with gene conversion, such as intra-/interchromosomal locatio

264 adjacent pseudo-V regions, but impairment of gene conversion switches mutagenesis to a nontemplated p

265 ms, including repeat-mediated inversions and gene conversion, that are most often missed by other met

266 Surprisingly, these isolates had acquired by gene conversion the complete gonococcal denitrification

267 reduces spontaneous mutation accumulation by gene conversion, the freshly mutated copy being correcte

268 nt results from studies of crossing over and gene conversion, the molecular structures of recombinati

269 inetics of double-strand-break (DSB)-induced gene conversion, the rad57 mutant defect was effectively

270 model that approximates the coalescent with gene conversion: the bacterial sequential Markov coalesc

271 n initiation sequence/structure that directs gene conversion to a specific chromosomal locus.

272 alization of the full potential of segmental gene conversion to dramatically expand the variant reper

273 le bacterial and protozoal pathogens utilize gene conversion to generate antigenically variant surfac

274 This recruitment is essential to limit gene conversion tract lengths genome-wide, without affec

275 : (1) spontaneous and damage-induced mitotic gene conversion tracts are more than three times larger

276 Gene conversion tracts are mostly unidirectional, with n

277 We found that gene conversion tracts are similar for mouse and human c

278 400,000 boundaries of historic crossovers or gene conversion tracts.

279 rters of the crossovers were associated with gene conversion tracts.

280 med human cells, despite similarities in the gene conversion tracts.

281 n to the adaptive allele, recombination, and gene conversion, under non-equilibrium demographic histo

282 eveal the extent of the impact of interlocus gene conversion upon the spectrum of human inherited dis

283 au) gene in the six green plants was lost by gene conversion using wild-type plastid DNA as template

284 y homologous recombination--specifically, by gene conversion--using a heterochromatic donor, HMLalpha

285 hylated state, which influences the usage of gene conversion versus popout mechanisms.

286 homing endonucleases are capable of inducing gene conversion via homologous recombination.

287 Limited evidence of gene conversion was documented among the X/Y alleles of

288 f unbiased and biased sites, the strength of gene conversion was estimated to be on the order of Nb a

289 Although higher levels of gene conversion were found among young gene duplicates,

290 High levels of nucleotide diversity and gene conversion were found at these genes.

291 , absence of the RecQ helicase Sgs1 promotes gene conversion, whereas deletion of the FANCM-related M

292 false negative rates (i.e. failed to predict gene conversions), which leads to many undetected gene c

293 es of site-specific chromosomal cleavage and gene conversion, which results in the gain of the I-SceI

294 nd gradual erosion of PRDM9-binding sites by gene conversion will alter the recombination landscape o

295 and improved gene targeting and chromosomal gene conversion with either double-stranded DNA or singl

296 Such a pattern could be caused by gene conversion with reverse-transcribed mRNA (i.e., ret

297 bsequently lost) or partially overwritten by gene conversion with transiently present foreign DNA.

298 ation-bearing chromosome and could accompany gene conversions with the homologous chromosome.

299 wever, we are first to demonstrate a de novo gene conversion within the lineage of a pedigree.

300 this issue, Lange et al. show that although gene conversion within these arrays maintains their inte