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1 writing the changes introduced by an earlier gene drive.
2 argeting Ae. aegypti that rely on Cas9-based gene drives.
3 ls and control disease-carrying insects with gene drives.
5 ly replace a harmful wild-type allele with a gene drive allele engineered to have desired functionali
6 organisms to study how a locally introduced gene drive allele spreads to replace the wild-type allel
10 we discuss the different types of engineered gene drives and their potential applications, as well as
12 etter molluscicides, new technologies (e.g., gene drive), and 'outside the box' strategies such as na
13 al-based mathematical model to simulate each gene drive approach in a variety of sub-Saharan African
14 Within its parameter space for success, each gene drive approach provides a tool for malaria eliminat
17 For each targeted locus we observed a strong gene drive at the molecular level, with transmission rat
18 phage-like particles can transfer bacterial genes, driving bacterial evolution and promoting the eme
19 ere we consider the potential for RNA-guided gene drives based on the CRISPR nuclease Cas9 to serve a
21 ice were generated using a Flag-tagged Smad4 gene driven by 180-bp fragment of the Mullerian inhibiti
22 the transcription of the luciferase reporter gene driven by a 124-base pair OPN promoter fragment con
23 logenin gene was recapitulated by a reporter gene driven by a 2.2-kilobase mouse amelogenin proximal
24 2, caused trans-activation of a CAT reporter gene driven by a 772 bp segment of the human COL1A2 prom
25 reatly stimulated activity of a CD4 reporter gene driven by a basic CD4 promoter and the CD4 enhancer
27 en transgenic events, containing the AmCYAN1 gene driven by a CMP promoter and the E. coli PMI gene d
28 e transient and stable expression of the p19 gene driven by a constitutive promoter as well as an eth
29 on the expression of the luciferase reporter gene driven by a constitutive ubiquitin promoter (UBI-Lu
30 A construct containing the bacterial LacZ gene driven by a fragment of the beta-PDE 5' flanking re
32 t-range plasmid that contained an intact aae gene driven by a heterologous tac promoter restored the
34 virus (rAAV) encoding the human alpha-gal A gene driven by a modified chicken beta-actin (CAG) promo
36 ssed in Jurkat T lymphocytes with a reporter gene driven by a mutant serum response element, SRE.L, w
37 an amyloid beta precursor protein (APP) mini-gene driven by a platelet-derived (PD) growth factor pro
38 human placental alkaline phosphatase (hPAP) gene driven by a promoter containing a core ARE sequence
39 eporter line that harbors a LUCIFERASE (LUC) gene driven by a promoter that undergoes DNA methylation
40 used a mouse transgenic for a lacZ reporter gene driven by a RA response element (RAREhsplacZ) to id
42 transcription from a plasmid-based reporter gene driven by a SNAT2 genomic fragment containing the C
44 plants expressing an isopentenyltransferase gene driven by a stress- and maturation-induced promoter
46 ous study in D. melanogaster used a reporter gene driven by a testis-specific promoter to show that e
48 or (PEDF) or an AAV2 vector containing a PS1 gene driven by a vascular endothelial-cadherin promoter.
49 rated in which a modified hydra beta-catenin gene driven by an actin promoter is continuously express
50 nsient expression of the luciferase reporter gene driven by an hMGMT promoter fragment containing the
51 2 also increased transcription of a reporter gene driven by an MEF-2-specific DNA element in a PI 3-k
53 here was a strong expression of the reporter gene driven by AtG3Pp4 promoter in the roots, shoots, an
54 model generated through excision of the Nf2 gene driven by Cre expression under control of a tissue-
56 driven by a CMP promoter and the E. coli PMI gene driven by either a CMP or Ubi promoter, were used t
58 hibited IFN-induced expression of a reporter gene driven by either IFN-alpha/beta- or IFN-gamma-respo
60 d the expression patterns of the human gamma-gene driven by either the human or the galago gamma-prom
61 A WAKL4-green fluorescent protein fusion gene driven by either the WAKL4 native promoter or the 3
63 ressed expression of the luciferase reporter gene driven by glycoprotein IX promoter in L-G cells but
64 -globin plasmids using a minimal beta-globin gene driven by hybrid promoter IHK (human ALAS2 intron 8
68 expression patterns of a luciferase reporter gene driven by lactase promoter regions in transgenic mi
70 ty and increased transcription of a reporter gene driven by multimerized GATA4-binding DNA elements.
71 f chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter gene driven by murine interferon A4 promoter in a transi
72 creases were seen with a luciferase reporter gene driven by tandem repeats of CRE and a CREB-specific
75 hat glucose-induced expression of a reporter gene driven by the A(2)GA(5) CLN3 regulatory sequences i
78 and inhibited transcription from a reporter gene driven by the ASNS promoter following activation by
79 in suppressed the expression of the reporter gene driven by the AtPT1 promoter, and that of the nativ
80 genic (MAFIA) mice that express an inducible gene driven by the c-fms promoter for Fas-mediated apopt
82 ingly activates a stably integrated reporter gene driven by the Ca2+/cAMP-responsive element of the h
84 boring the beta-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene driven by the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S (CaMV35S
87 n of the yellow fluorescent protein reporter gene driven by the CryR1 cis-element in Arabidopsis leaf
88 re, Cdc42V12 was able to activate a reporter gene driven by the cyclin E promoter in the absence of e
89 dCMV.CE) carrying the human carboxylesterase gene driven by the cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter, infec
90 s expressing the beta-galactosidase reporter gene driven by the cytomegalovirus (CMV; control, n = 6)
93 timulus increases the activity of a reporter gene driven by the Egr response element and that a domin
94 reporter constructs: the beta-glucuronidase gene driven by the GA-inducible Amy32b alpha-amylase pro
95 a transgenic mouse line harboring a reporter gene driven by the GelB promoter, we further show that i
96 ic rice grains containing the human lysozyme gene driven by the Glb promoter produced 3.7-fold more l
97 ation, expression of the luciferase reporter gene driven by the H-rev107 promoter decreased by 80% in
98 that transcription of a luciferase reporter gene driven by the heparanase promoter was significantly
99 adenoviral vector expressing a LacZ reporter gene driven by the hTERT core promoter and evaluated its
100 t that the adenovirus encoding the GFP/TRAIL gene driven by the hTERT promoter has potential applicat
101 n also inhibited transcription of a reporter gene driven by the human IRS-2 promoter that was transfe
102 induced expression of a luciferase reporter gene driven by the IFN-beta promoter and induced product
104 NS5A induced transcription of a reporter gene driven by the IL-8 promoter, and the first 133 bp o
105 ssion of an attenuated diphtheria toxin (DT) gene driven by the ITF promoter; other cell lineages wer
108 vitro methylation of the luciferase reporter gene driven by the mDOR promoter resulted in an inhibiti
109 specific, as expression of the lacZ reporter gene driven by the murine leukemia virus long terminal r
110 mbinatorial codes with a luciferase reporter gene driven by the myelin basic protein promoter define
113 resulting in the expression of the cyclin D1 gene driven by the powerful enhancer of the immunoglobul
114 ltered expression of the luciferase reporter gene driven by the promoter from the heat-inducible gene
115 nt transfections using a luciferase reporter gene driven by the promoter region of Bcl-2 containing a
116 ion in a transgenic mouse of a LacZ reporter gene driven by the proximal 6.5 kb of the connexin 43 pr
117 rboring the human alkaline phosphatase (HAP) gene driven by the proximal 840 bp of a quail SMyHC3 pro
120 abidopsis plants transformed with a reporter gene driven by the same promoter showed no abnormalities
121 ne plasmid and a beta-galactosidase reporter gene driven by the sigma32-dependent groE promoter on an
124 that express the firefly luciferase reporter gene driven by the stress-responsive RD29A promoter.
125 ulture, including ES cells, and also an EGFP gene driven by the strong CAG promoter for quick detecti
126 , CJ2-gD2, that contains 2 copies of the gD2 gene driven by the tetracycline operator (tetO)-bearing
128 hymidine kinase promoter-luciferase reporter gene driven by three tandem copies of the desmin MEF2 or
129 e made transgenic mice that express a marker gene driven by two candidate promoters, designated BC an
130 aling, transgenic mice carrying a luciferase gene driven by two estrogen response elements (ERE-lucif
131 ed by a more robust activation of a reporter gene driven by unfolded protein response activation upon
132 by employing mice transgenic for a reporter gene driven by various 5' deletions as well as site-spec
133 amplicon-6 vectors containing a GFP reporter gene driven by WT viral promoter or by promoter mutated
134 e introduced a construct carrying both a ZFN gene, driven by a heat-shock promoter, and its target in
135 of the 3' UTR of hsp 70 genes to a reporter gene, driven by different promoters, maintained a high l
136 t transgenic mice expressing the human B-myb gene, driven by the basal cytomegalovirus promoter, comp
137 eening purposes when the expression of a GFP gene, driven by the reactivation of endogenous stem cell
138 rpes simplex virus thymidine kinase reporter genes driven by a constitutive ubiquitin promoter into a
140 ect on the expression of luciferase reporter genes driven by a variety of KSHV and heterologous promo
143 of HTLV-I-transformed T cells by regulating genes driven by both kappaB and certain STAT enhancers.
146 intained modest activation of cleavage-stage genes driven by conventional promoters but did not activ
148 Using transcriptional and splicing reporter genes driven by different promoters, we observed that Co
150 sp. red fluorescent protein (DsRed) reporter genes driven by either CaMV35S or intron-interrupted mai
151 n/Spm, DOPA activates expression of reporter genes driven by either the Dop promoter or sigma in tran
152 ene transfer vehicles for delivering foreign genes driven by mammalian promoters into human and mouse
153 iate TR-mediated transactivation of reporter genes driven by natural thyroid hormone response element
154 on of the endogenous Ntr-1 gene and reporter genes driven by NTR-1 promoter sequences by 3-4-fold.
156 orescent protein and red fluorescent protein genes driven by promoters that are functional in maize (
158 rexpression of TEF had no effect on reporter genes driven by SM22alpha, smooth muscle alpha-actin, or
159 of different spliced variants produced from genes driven by steroid hormone-dependent promoters.
160 vious work shows that expression of reporter genes driven by testis-specific promoters is considerabl
162 dermal and endodermal expression of reporter genes driven by the Bix4 promoter in transgenic Xenopus
163 g luciferase and beta-galactosidase reporter genes driven by the Col1a2 enhancer/promoter and the CTG
165 opment, and can be visualized using reporter genes driven by the GLABRA (GL)2 promoter as markers.
166 Hepa cells stably-transfected with reporter genes driven by the MT-I promoter suggested two in vivo
169 tivator inhibitor 1 promoter and of reporter genes driven by the SBE and the related CAGA element.
170 lyse experimentally stochastic expression of genes driven by the Synechococcus elongatus circadian cl
172 0 induced the ectopic expression of reporter genes driven by the wild-type unc-25 and unc-47 promoter
175 ntranslated regions of known disease-causing genes, driven by SOD1, TARDBP, FUS, VCP, OPTN and UBQLN2
178 amplifications and codeletions and delineate genes driving cancer metabolism from those that are neut
180 focused on the mechanisms by which Rb family genes drive cell cycle exit following DNA damage inducti
181 observed in human cancers, proposes that the genes driving cell proliferation induce DNA replication
182 tion was associated with the upregulation of genes driving ceramide biosynthesis, an event dependent
184 tor genes, a marker gene, and the autonomous gene-drive components are introgressed into approximatel
185 of regulatory sequence from the murine IL-2 gene drives consistent expression of a green fluorescent
186 ver, an accidental or premature release of a gene drive construct to the natural environment could da
187 on, and inserted into each locus CRISPR-Cas9 gene drive constructs designed to target and edit each g
189 xistence of many yet-to-be discovered cancer genes driving CRC development, as well as other human ca
190 ating gene drive technologies, highlight new gene drive designs that might achieve better outcomes, a
191 pecific genes and repression of pluripotency genes drives differentiation of embryonic stem cells (ES
192 albicans haploids, each carrying a different gene drive disabling a gene of interest, we are able to
193 somes to collapse a mosquito population, and gene drive disrupting a fertility gene and thereby achie
194 rest in environmental releases of engineered gene drives due to recent proof of principle experiments
195 ion: 'selected expression regulators' (SERs)-genes driving dysregulated transcriptional programs in c
197 eporter constructs containing the luciferase gene driven either by E-selectin or interleukin (IL)-8 p
198 discuss growing evidence that implicates AD gene-driven ELN disruptions as not only the antecedent p
199 node controlling translational activation of genes driving EMT and ultimately tumour progression.
200 investigating the rates and patterns of new gene-driven evolution of GGI networks in the human and m
202 icies regarding the safety and regulation of gene drives for the manipulation of wild populations.
205 netic mechanisms for limiting or eliminating gene drives have been proposed and/or developed, includi
207 t a 12.4-kilobase region of the mouse villin gene drives high level expression of two different repor
213 identified an enhancer upstream of the Wnt9a gene driving joint-specific expression in transgenic rep
216 strongly point to FAT1 as a tumor suppressor gene driving loss of chromosome 4q35, a prevalent region
217 idered a symbol of maleness, as it encodes a gene driving male sex determination, Sry, as well as a b
220 method of disease prevention but requires a gene drive mechanism to spread these traits to high freq
222 ly to be lost from the environment; however, gene drive mechanisms enhance the invasiveness of introd
223 o analyze the loss probabilities for several gene drive mechanisms, including homing endonuclease gen
224 pment of CRISPR-Cas9 reagents as a source of gene drive, more advanced technologies at driving malene
228 s that aid in the perpetuation of MLL fusion gene driven oncogenic programs are being defined, presen
230 rize below some key insights from the recent gene-driven phase of research on Werner syndrome, a heri
231 ew analyses are needed as existing models of gene drive primarily focus on nonseasonal or nonspatial
236 aborators, we show that socially responsible gene drives require 0.5 < s < 0.697, a rather narrow ran
237 of genomic tools and products (e.g., CRISPR, gene drives, RNAi, synthetic biology, and genetically mo
238 ose from the Xenopus laevis mespb (Xl-mespb) gene drive segmental expression in transgenic zebrafish.
239 that includes transgenic females results in gene drive since females carrying the allele are favored
240 These results highlight how the individual genes driving speciation can be embedded within an activ
241 the development of HE-based gene editing and gene drive strategies in Ae. aegypti, and confirm the ut
242 nts for successful deployment of a HEG-based gene drive strategy can be satisfied in a model dipteran
243 Here, we show that any transposon-mediated gene drive strategy must have an exceptionally low rate
244 ty in vector population dynamics facilitates gene drive success compared with nonseasonal analyses.
248 creation of a synthetic threshold-dependent gene drive system, designated maternal-effect lethal und
250 CRISPR)-associated protein 9 (Cas9)-mediated gene-drive system in the Asian malaria vector Anopheles
251 ctor control strategies utilizing engineered gene drive systems are being developed as a means of rep
252 organisms also suggests that reprogrammable gene drive systems based on these nucleases may be capab
253 ant mosquito strains make urgent research of gene drive systems capable of moving effector genes into
254 een invasiveness and containment for the six gene drive systems currently being considered for the co
255 as9 endonuclease constructs that function as gene drive systems in Anopheles gambiae, the main vector
258 ic approach to developing safe and effective gene drive systems that includes defining the requiremen
259 Consequently, there is also interest in gene drive systems that, while strong enough to bring ab
263 ting human malaria parasites and to generate gene-drive systems capable of introgressing the genes th
264 he complementary mouse genetic approaches of gene-driven, targeted mutagenesis and phenotype-driven,
265 P007280, meets the minimum requirement for a gene drive targeting female reproduction in an insect po
266 accidental spread posed by self-propagating gene drive technologies, highlight new gene drive design
267 other emerging techniques, such as advancing gene-drive technologies, are summarized, as well as curr
268 that an intronic promoter within the GLEPP1 gene drives the expression of the PTP-oc in a cell type-
269 t, but not a 0.6-kb fragment, of the mE-RABP gene driving the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT)
271 demonstrate that enhancers within bystander genes drive the expression of genes such as Otx and Isle
273 with the promoters of both the Myf5 and MyoD genes drives the de novo myogenesis in satellite cells e
275 analyses designed to highlight the specific genes driving the aggregate signal, we confirmed associa
277 e also developed a procedure for identifying genes driving the concordance of the genomics profiles a
278 ind a significant delay in the expression of genes driving the generation only of later- but not earl
279 e of numerous oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes driving the genesis and progression of this lethal
281 er, the role of genomic changes in metabolic genes driving the tumour metabolic shift remains to be e
282 tem genetics approach identified lung tissue genes driving the variation in lung function and suscept
283 tion, in addition to those in protein-coding genes, drove the evolution of uniquely human biological
288 ential approaches to disease control utilize gene drive to spread anti-pathogen genes into the mosqui
289 nuclease-based homing reaction as a form of gene drive to spread those genes through target populati
290 articipant, and compared the accuracy of the Gene drive to that of the Xpert MTB/RIF assay using M. t
291 e findings could expedite the development of gene drives to suppress mosquito populations to levels t
292 the additional loss of one copy of the Fbxw7 gene drives tumor development in a range of epithelial t
294 of the pushed wave can be stopped by making gene drives uniquely vulnerable ("sensitizing drive") in
297 sgene's fitness cost and the efficacy of the gene drive will be more crucial than any evolutionary ad
298 ushed wave" regime, the spatial spreading of gene drives will be initiated only when the initial freq
300 ities for the tuberculosis case detection of Gene drive, Xpert, and smear microscopy were 45.4% (95%
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