ライフサイエンスコーパス: gestation

1 5th percentile, i.e., 4200 kg applied over gestation).

2 t the time of study entry (12 to 18 weeks of gestation).

3 a singleton full-term birth (>/=37 weeks of gestation).

4 n of labour, or caesarean section at a later gestation).

5 cy with offspring birth weight and length of gestation.

6 Sox2(+) stem cell compartment by the end of gestation.

7 e their daily intake during the last week of gestation.

8 nally mature hematopoietic stem cells at mid-gestation.

9 ) reported symptoms of ZIKV infection during gestation.

10 by crown-rump length measured at 8-13 wk of gestation.

11 human choriodecidua and mouse uterus in late gestation.

12 erance and de novo angiogenesis during early gestation.

13 alogue during the establishment of a healthy gestation.

14 se children had been born at 23 to 24 weeks' gestation.

15 neous preterm birth at less than 34 weeks of gestation.

16 and in 94 of 403 (23.3%) at 22 to 30 weeks' gestation.

17 and the use of FASs at 10-13 and 28-32 wk of gestation.

18 mal morphogenesis of the gland by the end of gestation.

19 ental transmission of pathogens during human gestation.

20 eostatic immune-suppressive responses during gestation.

21 ine surface area for nutrient support during gestation.

22 n patterns of homeobox gene promoters across gestation.

23 cohort submitted to toxic exposition during gestation.

24 wk) and for </=6 research visits throughout gestation.

25 entation on ultrasound in first trimester of gestation.

26 exposure to multiple fevers after 12 weeks' gestation.

27 arriage was defined as loss before 20 weeks' gestation.

28 ion across the heart is facilitated in later gestation.

29 on of the in utero fetus from 30 to 36 wk of gestation.

30 Zfp568 gastrulation phenotypes through late gestation.

31 g 17 (1.8%) of those born at 23 to 24 weeks' gestation.

32 rend towards an increase in methylation over gestation.

33 schemic encephalopathy at 36 weeks' or later gestation.

34 er, and showed decreased expression later in gestation.

35 prenatal stressful life events at 18 weeks' gestation.

36 n Col2alpha1-Cre-expressing cells die at mid-gestation.

37 ocardial contrast echocardiography at 85% of gestation.

38 ecame pregnant and are in advanced stages of gestation.

39 slowed significantly from 108 to 130 days of gestation.

40 1 to 14 weeks of gestation until 36 weeks of gestation.

41 e 24th percentile between 16 and 20 weeks of gestation.

42 e retina by midgestation and the OPL by late gestation.

43 he function of the apelinergic system during gestation.

44 domly assigned 168 infants born at <31 wk of gestation.

45 ired brain development in the second half of gestation.

46 to ZIKV infection as well at later stages of gestation.

47 weeks) vs full-term (born at 39 or 40 weeks) gestation.

48 days before preterm delivery at 122 days of gestation.

49 screening for toxoplasmosis infection during gestation.

50 neous preterm birth at less than 34 weeks of gestation.

51 hypothyroxinemia at a mean of 17.8 weeks of gestation.

52 an species, change expression during opossum gestation.

53 nd whose offspring were born after 34 weeks' gestation.

54 or high (6 g/kg/d) levels of ethanol during gestation.

55 sue tropism broadens with the progression of gestation.

56 icative of areas of tissue remodeling during gestation.

57 for 2 weeks prior to breeding and throughout gestation.

58 elivery with preeclampsia before 37 weeks of gestation.

59 esterone, 200 mg/d, until 36 weeks 6 days of gestation.

60 er measurements at median 10 wk and 26 wk of gestation.

61 neous preterm birth at less than 34 weeks of gestation.

62 nic-polyribocytidylic acid in middle or late gestation.

63 earliest opportunity between 27 and 36 weeks gestation.

64 -IH or room air (LG-RA) during days 13-18 of gestation.

65 blished for term infants from 36 to 38 wk of gestation.

66 are highly prevalent in women with multiple gestations.

67 at dams were orally exposed to FM 550 during gestation (0, 300 or 1000 microg/day; GD 9 - 18) for pla

68 nked 223,375 singleton births >/=23 weeks of gestation (2002-2008) from 12 U.S. sites to local temper

69 enta released high amounts of apelin in late gestation, 3) intravenous apelin injection in mothers in

70 ing FA, IFA, and MMN before the 12th week of gestation (4.6%, 4.2%, and 3.9%, respectively) was signi

71 cytotrophoblasts (CTBs) isolated from early-gestation (6-8 wk) human placentas are bipotential, a ph

72 rt, 663 were born very preterm (<32 weeks of gestation), 8,247 were born moderately preterm (at least

73 Exposure during early gestation, a critical period for reproductive developmen

74 with individuals born at term (>/=37 weeks' gestation), adjusted incidence relative risks for HF wer

75 t becomes increasingly likely with each male gestation, altering brain structures underlying sexual o

76 that thyroid hormone deficiency during early gestation alters brain development.

77 ine samples collected at approximately 12 wk gestation among women enrolled in a 10-city Canadian coh

78 All children >/=37 weeks' gestation and <19 years old in Collaborative Pediatric C

79 ges in BMD that occurred between 12-20 wk of gestation and 0-14 wk postpartum.

80 ton pregnancies between 22 weeks and 0 days' gestation and 29 weeks and 6 days' gestation and severe

81 ho underwent BMD measurements at 12-20 wk of gestation and again at 0-14 wk postpartum were included

82 scores (reflecting growth between 25 weeks' gestation and birth) using internal references.

83 eight/obese women showed increased length of gestation and birthweight, but did not have a higher ris

84 y for outcome, at age 1 year) and pregnancy (gestation and each trimester).

85 duction of labour at 39, 40, and 41 weeks of gestation and expectant management (continuation of preg

86 ion between preterm birth before 32 weeks of gestation and HF in childhood and young adulthood.

87 urred in 35 of 439 (8.0%) at 16 to 22 weeks' gestation and in 94 of 403 (23.3%) at 22 to 30 weeks' ge

88 s isolated from mouse fetal lung during late gestation and in epithelial cells isolated from HFL expl

89 F2 loss impaired survival of SCD pups during gestation and in the first 2 months of life.

90 0% of infants born at younger than 30 weeks' gestation and is associated with adverse pulmonary and n

91 l fetuses scanned between 19 and 39 weeks of gestation and labeled the structures of the developing b

92 Older pregnant mice had a longer mean gestation and labour duration (P < 0.001), as well as re

93 ks between maternal iodine deficiency during gestation and lactation and abnormal hippocampal develop

94 may grow at the same rate as controls during gestation and lactation, but faster after weaning when d

95 high fat (HF) diet before mating and during gestation and lactation.

96 L/6J mice is associated with prolongation of gestation and length of labour.

97 mong preterm infants born before 29 weeks of gestation and may have resulted in a greater risk.

98 in which preeclampsia developed during late gestation and offspring birth weights exceeded the tenth

99 size but did reduce maternal anemia in late gestation and preterm birth in comparison with women con

100 t is defined by hypertension after 20 weeks' gestation and proteinuria or other evidence of multisyst

101 d 0 days' gestation and 29 weeks and 6 days' gestation and severe early-onset fetal growth restrictio

102 on and adverse pregnancy outcomes throughout gestation and should be of major consideration for obste

103 enetic factors contribute to the duration of gestation and the risk of preterm birth, robust associat

104 -VLBW infants born at younger than 31 weeks' gestation and weighing less than 1500 g.

105 ts were MLPT infants (32-36 weeks' completed gestation) and healthy full-term controls (>/=37 weeks'

106 the first prenatal visit (median, 9.6 weeks gestation) and in child plasma from the mid-childhood re

107 the association of preterm birth (<37 weeks' gestation) and maternal GBS colonization (GBS isolation

108 oglobin measurement in pregnancy (<18 weeks' gestation) and the last measurement (>28 weeks' gestatio

109 d intubated preterm infants (born <37 weeks' gestation), and reported 1 or both of the primary outcom

110 ent randomization at a mean of 16.7 weeks of gestation, and 526 with hypothyroxinemia at a mean of 17

111 on maternal BMI was collected at 15 weeks of gestation, and paternal BMI was assessed when the child

112 least 2,000 g at birth, at least 35 weeks of gestation, and with no signs of sepsis or other morbidit

113 three or more fever episodes after 12 weeks' gestation (aOR, 3.12; 1.28-7.63).

114 omes among infants born at 22 to 24 weeks of gestation, as assessed at 18 to 22 months of corrected a

115 atopoietic defects start manifesting in late gestation at E17.5.

116 re married, 15-40 years of age, 17-34 weeks' gestation at enrolment, and had not previously received

117 xposure was categorized in 2004 according to gestation at the time of commencing the new ration and i

118 ice, the prevention of NAD deficiency during gestation averted defects.

119 rediction in preterm infants (born <33 weeks gestation) before infants exhibited clinically identifia

120 Early in gestation, before midbrain 5-HT projections have reached

121 Preterm infants born at less than 29 weeks' gestation between 2010 and 2011 who were admitted to neo

122 l educational level, maternal smoking during gestation, birth weight, and breastfeeding duration, gir

123 ith excessive GWG showed increased length of gestation, birthweight, length, and head circumference,

124 tween pre-pregnancy BMI or GWG and length of gestation, birthweight, length, and head circumference.

125 e tolerance test (OGTT) in 24 to 28 weeks of gestation, but it is still uncertain whether it can be p

126 were present in the chorion from 15-24 weeks gestation, but were absent at term.

127 ntial agricultural pesticide exposure during gestation, by trimester, and by toxicity influences birt

128 eks, producing higher virus titers than late-gestation cells that varied by donor.

129 Women were enrolled at </=20 wk of gestation; children were assessed at 12 (n = 3331), 18 (

130 ls and a lower level of active PIBF1 in late gestation choriodecidua.

131 tudy, 24 healthy pregnant women (26-29 wk of gestation) consumed a single amount of vitamin D (511 IU

132 ein accretion rates in skeletal muscle, late gestation control (CON) (n = 8) and IUGR (n = 13) fetal

133 een white matter microstructure measures and gestation corrected age, regional asymmetries, infant se

134 und scan showed a single, live, intrauterine gestation corresponding to a gestational age of 11 weeks

135 a critical window of exposure (19-23 weeks' gestation, cumulative odds ratio, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.03-1.2

136 al stress were most vulnerable (19-21 weeks' gestation; cumulative odds ratio, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.15-1.4

137 acterized in the rhesus macaque, focusing on gestation day (G85) through G135 of the 165 d term.

138 ppm ozone for 4 h/d during implantation, on gestation days (GD) 5 and 6.

139 oxinemia beginning between 8 and 20 weeks of gestation did not result in significantly better cogniti

140 l documented, with exposure to stress during gestation differentially impacting females and males.

141 ular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine at 27-36 weeks gestation during each pregnancy to reduce the risk of pe

142 KEY POINTS: Late gestation during pregnancy has been associated with a re

143 for all women undergoing abortion at </=49 d gestation during the study period.

144 ied two sensitive windows (7-19 and 33-40 wk gestation), during which increased NO3(-) was associated

145 We have shown that the proliferation of late gestation (embryonic day 19) fetal rat hepatocytes is mi

146 s in 1,645 pregnant women (median, 9.6 weeks gestation) enrolled in Project Viva, a prospective pre-b

147 hology consistent with MMIHS, including late gestation expansion of the bladder, hydronephrosis, and

148 Upon transplantation, LAP+ late gestation fetal hepatocytes formed hepatic, endothelial,

149 Late gestation fetal hepatocytes, despite being far along in

150 tero restoration of scarless healing in late-gestation fetal wounds has not been reported.

151 During gestation, fetal nutrition is entirely dependent on mate

152 uld have misclassified 15% of the large-for-gestation fetuses.

153 tly elevated hazard ratios were found across gestation for all DEHP [di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate] meta

154 ith a singleton pregnancy before 20 weeks of gestation for subclinical hypothyroidism, defined as a t

155 We modelled SBR (>/=28 weeks' gestation) for 195 countries with restricted maximum lik

156 In late gestation, genome-wide H3K27 demethylation allowed for t

157 In early gestation, H3K27me3-induced transcriptional silencing of

158 mothers received Tdap vaccine at 27-36 weeks gestation had a lower risk of pertussis at <8 weeks of a

159 urbation of the one-carbon metabolism during gestation has on mice progeny.

160 for extremely preterm infants (<28 weeks of gestation) has become less invasive, but it is unclear w

161 metabolic demands are much greater with twin gestations; however, there are no accepted recommendatio

162 bstantially to global metabolism in the late gestation human placenta.

163 that BAT phenotype is altered from day 5 of gestation, implicating early pregnancy factors, which wa

164 shed that PdE concentration increased during gestation in both normal and GDM pregnancies; however, t

165 including preterm infants born at <32 wk of gestation in France in 2011.

166 edicles are possibly present as early as mid-gestation in human retina.

167 recommendation of 41-42 weeks to 40 weeks of gestation in nulliparous women aged >/=35 years may redu

168 nge in HbA1c from randomisation to 34 weeks' gestation in pregnant women and to 24 weeks or conceptio

169 ng the period before conception and in early gestation in relation to GH risk in the Consortium on Sa

170 re to the new ration.In 2004, the earlier in gestation in which the new ration was available the grea

171 th a serum sample collected early (<140 days gestation) in their first pregnancy resulting in a live,

172 s to the end of the first trimester of human gestation) in ways relevant to ASD-associated pathophysi

173 Maternal chronic hypoxia in late gestation increases fetal lung expression of genes regul

174 cted by tractography, increase linearly with gestation, indicative of the increasing organization of

175 stration of MSU crystals to rats during late gestation induced placental inflammation and was associa

176 Here we show that late gestation intermittent hypoxia induces metabolic dysfunc

177 The cohort was subdivided by gestation into the 18 weeks to less than 24 weeks fetus

178 and the contribution is even higher for late gestation intrapartum stillbirths.

179 of DLX5, TLX1 and HOXA10 expression in late gestation is required for proper placental differentiati

180 four developmental stages; nulliparous, mid gestation, lactation and post involution.

181 erted only modest effects and no benefit for gestation length, neonatal mortality, or placental infla

182 ABSTRACT: Pregnancy, particularly late gestation (LG), has been associated with a relatively hi

183 ated pathways and spontaneous abortion (SAB, gestation < 20 weeks) risk.

184 Birth weight <750 g, gestation <25 weeks, chorioamnionitis, and vaginal deliv

185 Sixty preterm infants (gestation <32 weeks and weight <1500 g at birth) were re

186 Sixty preterm infants (gestation <32 weeks and weight <1500 g at birth), 33 gir

187 eight <2,500 g) and preterm birth (length of gestation <37 weeks).

188 rturition differences in Cox-1 null mice and gestation-matched wild type (WT) controls.

189 suggest that increased ozone exposure during gestation may compromise fetal growth.

190 omen underwent MRI between 9 and 33 weeks of gestation (mean of 23 weeks).

191 aled by 10 d or 1 mo in the first and second gestation months.

192 like cells that persist in the mid- to late- gestation mouse placenta as well as a cell surface prote

193 ance test and retinal imaging at 26-28 weeks gestation (n = 542).

194 Upon in vivo expansion of DC during early gestation, NK cells expressed increased levels of IL-10.

195 Asymptomatic women with singleton gestations, no previous spontaneous preterm births, and

196 From approximately 35 weeks' gestation, nociceptive-specific patterns of brain activi

197 al inhibition of H3K27 demethylation in late gestation not only prevented term parturition, but also

198 to become pregnant or at less than 12 weeks' gestation, not using fertility treatments, fluent in Eng

199 ion, 1566 were born alive before 30 weeks of gestation; of these, 782 were assigned to immediate cord

200 al chronic hypoxia (MCH) for a month in late gestation on fetal lung development.

201 maternal chronic hypoxia for a month in late gestation on signalling pathways regulating fetal lung m

202 200 mg daily taken from 22-24 to 34 weeks of gestation, on pregnancy and infant outcomes in women at

203 her models of chronic fetal hypoxaemia, late gestation onset fetal hypoxaemia promotes molecular regu

204 a on stillbirths (predominantly >/=28 weeks' gestation or >/=1000 g, with GBS isolated from a sterile

205 tive cohort study of VPT infants (<30 weeks' gestation or <1250 g) born between April 11, 2001, and A

206 itive fetuses, recovered between 109 days of gestation or 20 days after maternal infection, were comp

207 events did not differ between groups during gestation or at delivery: 24 women in the iodine group a

208 nced fetal loss, but never after 29 weeks of gestation or beyond 2 days of admission to hospital.

209 daily or placebo until 32 weeks and 0 days' gestation or delivery.

210 tween 37 weeks 0 days and 37 weeks 6 days of gestation or earlier if clinically indicated.

211 rt includes 204485 infants born at 35 weeks' gestation or later at a Kaiser Permanente Northern Calif

212 men (aged >/=18 years) who were at 20 weeks' gestation or later with a live fetus and required delive

213 rt included 204485 infants born at 35 weeks' gestation or later: 95343 in the baseline period (mean [

214 al weight gain >/=6.0 kg by the 18th week of gestation (OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.04-1.15; P < 0.001).

215 pants were pregnant (</=13 weeks and 6 days' gestation) or planning pregnancy from 31 hospitals in Ca

216 ontaneous birth at </=34 weeks and 0 days of gestation, or a cervical length </=25 mm, or because of

217 1), higher maternal weight gain by 18 weeks' gestation (P < 0.001), and maternal smoking during pregn

218 iated with lower height (-1.1 mm per week of gestation; P < 0.0001), so that women who were born very

219 variables, children born at 23 to 24 weeks' gestation performed 0.66 SD (95% CI, -0.73 to -0.59) low

220 a is that stillbirth is defined based on the gestation period and not based on birth weight; however,

221 llbirth was defined as a foetal death with a gestation period of >/=28 weeks wherein the foetus did n

222 Primary AmEpCs isolated from mid-gestation placentas infected with pathogenic VR1814 prol

223 At 26-28 wk of gestation, plasma phosphatidylcholine PUFA concentration

224 ction of the porcine dam at about 90 days of gestation, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome

225 During gestation, prenatal insults including maternal infection

226 Niacin supplementation during gestation prevented the malformations in mice.

227 (Abs) to the rat FRalpha administered during gestation produce communication, learning and cognitive

228 , or MMN supplements before the 12th week of gestation produced a 41%-45% reduction in risk of SPB.

229 Second, only PREMS exposure early during gestation produced adaptive growth plasticity.

230 MCH in late gestation promotes molecular maturation of the fetal lun

231 le micronutrient supplements before 20 weeks gestation provided greater reductions in preterm birth (

232 with NSAID treatment and not associated with gestation, race/ethnicity, or sex.

233 and healthy full-term controls (>/=37 weeks' gestation) recruited at birth.

234 re term (mean [SD], 39 [2] and 39 [1] weeks' gestation, respectively), and 47 of 83 (57%) and 55 of 8

235 Importantly, MN vaccination of mice at mid-gestation resulted in enhanced and long-lasting passive

236 V-infected pregnant SJL mice during mid-late gestation significantly attenuated vertical transmission

237 pregnancy, which can shorten the duration of gestation slightly.

238 ssigned 1273 infants born before 29 weeks of gestation (stratified according to sex, gestational age

239 meobox genes were hypo-methylated throughout gestation, suggesting that DNA methylation is not the pr

240 herapies for the treatment of malaria during gestation suggests that malaria elimination programmes s

241 or hypoxia (10% O2 ) from 105 to 138 days of gestation (term approximately 145 days).

242 e of death or major morbidity at 36 weeks of gestation than immediate cord clamping.

243 During gestation the developing human fetus is exposed to a div

244 Prior to 15 weeks of gestation, these cells lacked hematopoietic in vivo engr

245 rinary biomarkers of phthalate exposure from gestation through childhood to determine if there are di

246 and two isolates examined replicated in late-gestation tissue.

247 avonol epigallocatechin-gallate (EGCG), from gestation to adulthood suppressed 3R-tau expression and

248 lopment, ranging from the first trimester of gestation to age 6-12 mo.

249 IFA, or MMN from the period before 20 weeks' gestation to delivery.

250 were expected to deliver before 30 weeks of gestation to either immediate clamping of the umbilical

251 ely documented hypothyroxinemia during early gestation to mid-gestation was associated with increased

252 y assigned 736 pregnant women at 24 weeks of gestation to receive 2.4 g of n-3 LCPUFA (fish oil) or p

253 cytiotrophoblasts at various stages of human gestation to resist ZIKV infection and new human models

254 of the blastocyst and persist through early gestation (to E8.5) to support placental development.

255 Late gestation treatment with 101.10 abolished these adverse

256 tain pregnant sheep for prolonged periods of gestation under controlled significant (10% O2) hypoxia,

257 tes (82 males, 73 females) born 24-32 weeks' gestation underwent two MRIs at median postmenstrual age

258 g per day, or placebo from 11 to 14 weeks of gestation until 36 weeks of gestation.

259 bs collected prospectively and weekly during gestation using 16S rRNA gene sequencing.

260 Until now, efforts to extend gestation using extracorporeal systems have achieved lim

261 strate that Pf1 is required for mid- to late gestation viability.

262 Tdap vaccination at 27-36 weeks gestation was 85% more effective than postpartum vaccina

263 pothyroxinemia during early gestation to mid-gestation was associated with increased odds of schizoph

264 late) (1.72; 95% CI: 1.28, 2.30) at 10 weeks gestation was associated with onset of preeclampsia, whe

265 Tdap vaccination received at 27-36 weeks gestation was found to be 85% (95% confidence interval,

266 Vaccination at 27-36 weeks gestation was more effective at preventing pertussis in

267 than in the hematopoietic system, and during gestation was responsible for the low-fear offspring phe

268 h maternal serotonin reuptake inhibitor use, gestation was shortened by 1.8 days, 152 of 1000 additio

269 eased by 61 of 1000 neonates and duration of gestation was shortened by 3.6 days; with maternal serot

270 ght (<2,500 g) and preterm birth (<37 weeks' gestation), we compared between-family models (children

271 Participants were enrolled between gestation weeks 12 and 28 and given an insecticide-treat

272 sections of human fetal prostate specimens (gestation weeks 18 and 25).

273 0%) Florida children born at 23 to 24 weeks' gestation were designated as ready to start kindergarten

274 ess at 18 weeks 0 days to 23 weeks 6 days of gestation were eligible.

275 verse infants born at 30 + 0 to 36 + 6 wk of gestation were enrolled.

276 Pregnant Balb/c mice at 16.5 (+/-1) days of gestation were imaged using a 3D Spoiled Gradient Echo m

277 Rhesus macaque dams at approximately 80% gestation were injected intra-amniotically with 10(7) co

278 and twin-pair fetal size trajectories across gestation were modeled.

279 r malformations in the other time periods of gestation were observed.

280 ries from 6 mo before conception to 30 wk of gestation were produced with the use of multilevel model

281 n hospitalized for HG between 5 and 20 wk of gestation were randomly allocated to enteral tube feedin

282 during the embryo sensitive period (6-12 wk gestation) were as follows: aHR = 1.04 (95% CI 0.54-2.01

283 tation) and the last measurement (>28 weeks' gestation) were negatively associated with allergic sens

284 sidered at risk of preterm birth (<37 weeks' gestation) were randomised to magnesium sulphate or cont

285 ly infect the fetus at specific times during gestation, while some only infect the placenta.

286 ida between 1992 and 2002 at 23 to 41 weeks' gestation who entered Florida's public schools between 1

287 mly assigned 63 term infants (>/=37 weeks of gestation) who had been exposed to opioids in utero and

288 male, 2 male) ranging from 21.5 to 29 weeks' gestation with a diagnosis of CZS were studied.

289 ipants were 614 neonates born from 32 weeks' gestation with at least 1 risk factor for hypoglycemia,

290 included 451 neonates younger than 30 weeks' gestation with birth weight less than 1250 g receiving m

291 une 2016 among infants at 36 weeks' or later gestation with moderate or severe hypoxic-ischemic encep

292 Id1/Id3 knockout mice die at mid-gestation with multiple cardiac defects.

293 n be leveraged to align sensitive periods of gestation with the low-transmission season.

294 ial clinical trial in neonates (>/=36 weeks' gestation) with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy at 18 US

295 (assessed by using a 24-h recall during late gestation) with infant BMI peak characteristics (n = 910

296 showed variable methylation patterns across gestation, with a general trend towards an increase in m

297 a female neonate, born in the 28(th) week of gestation, with birth weight of 950 grams, who was born

298 l cells exhibited embryonic lethality at mid-gestation, with systemic congestion and hypoxia.

299 SBV induces fetal abnormalities during gestation, with the central nervous system being one of

300 We enrolled 4011 women at </=20 wk of gestation within 64 clusters, each comprising the superv