ライフサイエンスコーパス: glial cell

1 ite of ATP it is present in every neuron and glial cell.

2 igment epithelium and for neighboring Muller glial cells.

3 for interneurons and not for motoneurons or glial cells.

4 stem (ENS), which is composed of neurons and glial cells.

5 a gain-of-function chloride channelopathy of glial cells.

6 lecules, and suppressed nigral activation of glial cells.

7 to hair cell-like cells, but not neurons or glial cells.

8 pendent protein kinase 1 (PKG1) signaling in glial cells.

9 tiate a partial formation of new neurons and glial cells.

10 e human brain, and a range of 40-130 billion glial cells.

11 niques to differentiate between neuronal and glial cells.

12 tatory and inhibitory neurons, as well as in glial cells.

13 switch to distinguish astrocytes from other glial cells.

14 peripheral nervous system (PNS), and enteric glial cells.

15 , where they mediate modulatory roles and in glial cells.

16 proteins, and decreased activation of Muller glial cells.

17 selectively remove C9orf72 from neurons and glial cells.

18 tochondrial function in cultured neurons and glial cells.

19 diated cholesterol synthesis in neuronal and glial cells.

20 inhibit expression of inflammatory genes in glial cells.

21 gulation when its function is manipulated in glial cells.

22 acroautophagy, and in some cases transfer to glial cells.

23 rectifying K(+) channel Kir4.1 in satellite glial cells.

24 onomously assembled by these axon-associated glial cells.

25 ify and measure specific types of neurons or glial cells.

26 and lytic infection by neurotropic JCPyV in glial cells.

27 rectifying K(+) channel Kir4.1 in satellite glial cells.

28 the accumulation of lipid droplets in those glial cells.

29 including pre- and post-synaptic neurons and glial cells; 60 papers were included in this review.

30 To this end, using a NG2(+) glial cell ablation model in mice, we examined the repop

31 Thanks to the persistence of radial glial cells acting as neural stem cells, the brain of th

32 studies have suggested that it also inhibits glial cell activation in rodents, and may alter opioid-m

33 enzyme expression, fragmented mitochondria, glial cell activation, muscle atrophy, weight loss, and

34 To enable stable measurement of neuronal and glial cell activity in behaving mice, we have developed

35 ut there has been little study of persistent glial cell activity in brains of athletes with sports-re

36 KEY POINTS: The role of enteric glial cell activity in the acute regulation of epithelia

37 But whether glial cell activity regulates these functions acutely un

38 ediated by rabconnectin-3alpha in neurons or glial cells afferent to GnRH neurons.

39 of infected cells in the visual system were glial cells along the optic tract.

40 NG2(+) glial cells (also called oligodendrocyte progenitors or

41 In these examples, glial cells alter the expression or function of neuronal

42 ccumulation of lipid droplets in neighboring glial cells, an event that may, in turn, contribute to n

43 stricted to two populations of Repo-positive glial cells: an invasive population, characterized by JN

44 ncase the motor nerve despite this change in glial cell and myelin composition, remains unknown.

45 e visual acuity was correlated with resolved glial cells and a restored ELM and EZ line.

46 tion and premature differentiation of radial glial cells and aberrant positioning of newborn neurons.

47 e at the fovea recovered and the presence of glial cells and cystoid space resolved gradually after s

48 alytes from single iPSC-derived neuronal and glial cells and have molecularly characterized subpopula

49 gest decreased axonal density with increased glial cells and higher myelination in this subpopulation

50 Immunolabeling revealed glial cells and hyalocytes in macular holes, whereas myo

51 rtical neural progenitor cells (NPCs)-radial glial cells and intermediate progenitor cells-was reduce

52 y results from a pool of infectious virus in glial cells and is regulated by the antiviral RNAi pathw

53 y, we performed time-lapse imaging of radial glial cells and measured filopodial motility in the inta

54 allin, a protein that is expressed mainly in glial cells and mediates exosome secretion.

55 A clear subpial zone lacking glial cells and myelin was seen in the lateral column in

56 Viral antigens were localised to glial cells and neurons and associated with microcalcifi

57 pressed in a nutrient-dependent way in niche glial cells and NSCs.

58 We show that targeting both Muller glial cells and photoreceptors with CRB2 ameliorated ret

59 nistically, IL4-10 inhibited the activity of glial cells and reduced spinal cord and dorsal root gang

60 mesenchyme, differentiated into neurons and glial cells and showed neuronal activity, as measured by

61 a commonly used sedative, pentobarbital, on glial cells and their uptake of nanoparticles.

62 TSPO is upregulated in glial cells and used as a measure of neuroinflammation i

63 lls tested, including retina, neural tissue, glial cells, and a cancer cell line.

64 ctive axons are preferentially myelinated by glial cells, and if so, whether axo-glial synapses are i

65 new link between commensal bacteria, enteric glial cells, and ILC3s that is required for intestinal h

66 ells, their antineuroinflammatory effects on glial cells, and the ability to ameliorate nesting behav

67 We report that the radial glial cell antigen RC2 identifies the majority of prolif

68 tant with significant neuronal and satellite glial cell apoptosis.

69 se mutation (S140G), neurons accumulate, and glial cells are dispersed along the rostral migratory st

70 Glial cells are essential components of the nervous syst

71 the primary immune responders in the brain, glial cells are implicated as key players in the onset a

72 field (SMF) on Central Nervous System (CNS) glial cells are less investigated.

73 Glial cells are now recognized as active communication p

74 ABSTRACT: Enteric glial cells are often implicated in the regulation of ep

75 Neuron-glial antigen 2-positive (NG2(+)) glial cells are the most proliferative glia type in the

76 Muller glial cells are the source of retinal regeneration in fi

77 ows that astrocytes, the most numerous brain glial cells, are sensitive to physiological changes in P

78 e a novel function for the Kif13b kinesin in glial cells as a key component of the PI3K/AKT signaling

79 challenge us to consider the contribution of glial cells as drivers of epileptogenesis in acquired ep

80 ucose from the blood and lactate produced by glial cells as sources of energy.

81 onfirmed the expression of reporter genes in glial cells as well as astrocytes.

82 n of the metabolic activation in neurons and glial cells, as well as of the macroscopic measurements

83 Culture supernatants (CS) from glial cells (astrocytes and microglia) infected with B.

84 ptor AXL is highly expressed by human radial glial cells, astrocytes, endothelial cells, and microgli

85 and that perisynaptic Schwann cells (PSCs), glial cells at the NMJ, regulate morphological stability

86 basic unit in the brain, including neurons, glial cells, blood vessels and extracellular matrix.

87 tion of surface receptors within neurons and glial cells by affecting their delivery to lysosomes for

88 on of NF-kappaB-dependent gene expression in glial cells by stabilizing nuclear corepressor proteins,

89 We have recently demonstrated that reactive glial cells can be directly reprogrammed into functional

90 We now demonstrate that glial cells can control synaptic strength independent of

91 rom SMA and related conditions suggests that glial cells can influence disease severity.

92 ation and shows that calcium originated from glial cells can regulate neuronal intracellular pathways

93 at lactate produced in astrocytes (a type of glial cell) can also fuel neuronal activity.

94 wing perturbations to peripheral myelinating glial cells, centrally derived oligodendrocyte progenito

95 day 16 of differentiation, in the absence of glial cell co-culture.

96 itions colonization of the lamina propria by glial cells commences during early postnatal stages but

97 Following neuronal degeneration, quiescent glial cells converted to an activated state showing a de

98 ion of glial-cell processes in four types of glial cells cultured from rodent tissues.

99 AT1-, STAT2-, or IRF9-deficient murine mixed glial cell cultures (MGCs).

100 ochondria in cell lines, primary neuronal or glial cell cultures, and in the mouse cortex.

101 ) similarly disrupted INM and reduced Muller glial cell cycle reentry.

102 Inflammasome-mediated IL-1beta secretion in glial cells depends on TLR2 and MyD88 adapter-like/TIRAP

103 A167V) in kidney-derived tsA201 cells and in glial cell-derived C6 glioma cells.

104 Here we identify glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) receptor a

105 em (e.g., neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity, glial cell development) and immune functions (e.g., immu

106 gration (INM)--a hallmark of cortical radial glial cell development.

107 ms of molecular control related to nerve and glial cell differentiation, neuronal excitability, axon

108 whether mechanotransduction plays a role in glial cell differentiation, we cultured Schwann cells (S

109 in, demonstrating that, although perineurial glial cells display plasticity despite myelin perturbati

110 step process in which Pax6-expressing radial glial cells divide in the VZ to produce Tbr2-expressing

111 igation of spindle orientation during radial glial cell division, revealed that NFIX promotes the gen

112 ance and exaggerated release of glutamate by glial cells during immune activation leads to glutamate

113 in tissue pathology, including inflammation, glial cell dysfunction, and angiogenesis, its role in th

114 netrin-1 signaling is involved in the NG2(+) glial cell early proliferative, late repopulation, and d

115 GFAP and other markers of enteric glial cells (eg, p75 and S100B), colocalized with gastri

116 Enteric glial cells (EGCs) produce soluble mediators that regula

117 dy how an essential subpopulation of enteric glial cells (EGCs) residing within the intestinal mucosa

118 astrocytes-like cells-referred to as enteric glial cells (EGCs).

119 The C. elegans AMsh glial cell ensheathes the NREs of 12 neurons, including

120 Neurons and glial cells exchange energy-rich metabolites and it has

121 This reduction did not occur in glial cells expressing a dominant-negative form of cGMP-

122 bleaching and photoconversion experiments in glial cells expressing vimentin, glial fibrillary acidic

123 ced reelin signaling and disorganized radial glial cell fibers.

124 that in Crohn's disease, enteric neurons and glial cells form a functional unit reacting to inflammat

125 Primary enteric glial cells from C57BL/6 mice were incubated with gastri

126 Enteric glial cells from patients with CD have reduced productio

127 PLP1(+) glial cells from the spiral ganglion were identified as

128 , we examined the effects of BNN27 on neural/glial cell function, apoptosis, and inflammation in the

129 protein, and we demonstrate that myelinating glial cells function normally in the presence of high CH

130 fluorescence stainings using markers against glial cells (GFAP), endothelial cells (CD34) and macroph

131 Evidence suggests glial cells have an essential and underappreciated role

132 For well over a century, glial cells have been ascribed a mechanical role in the

133 After traumatic brain injury (TBI), glial cells have both beneficial and deleterious roles i

134 t endogenous netrin-1 plays a role in NG2(+) glial cell homeostasis that is distinct from its role in

135 This process is regulated by glial cells; however, the underlying mechanisms are not

136 Establishment and maintenance of CNS glial cell identity ensures proper brain development and

137 neuron cultures is possible, the removal of glial cells ignores physiologically relevant cell-cell i

138 However, ablation of NG2(+) glial cell in older animals failed to stimulate a simila

139 s was increased by CS from Brucella-infected glial cells in an IL-1beta-dependent fashion, and the in

140 us consensus about the relative abundance of glial cells in human brains that persisted for half a ce

141 ersistent pain in animal models, the role of glial cells in human pain disorders remains unknown.

142 Glial cells in many organisms secrete laminin, a large h

143 Muller cells are principal glial cells in rat retina and have attracted much attent

144 g-standing controversy regarding the role of glial cells in regulating blood flow, demonstrating that

145 ponse to excitatory synaptic activity and in glial cells in response to inflammation.

146 These results demonstrate that a subset of glial cells in the adult auditory nerve exhibit several

147 We compile how numbers of neurons and glial cells in the adult human brain were reported and w

148 Astrocytes are the most common glial cells in the brain with fine processes and endfeet

149 expressed by primary sensory neurons and by glial cells in the central nervous system, but their exp

150 IFNs are also produced by glial cells in the CNS to regulate brain functions.

151 a) is essential for migration of neurons and glial cells in the developing mouse brain.

152 The contribution of glial cells in the disease has been highlighted, includi

153 and it causes cell-cycle deficits of radial glial cells in the embryonic mouse cortex and human fore

154 We hypothesized that glial cells in the hippocampus of animals with chronic n

155 ces of the new insights into true numbers of glial cells in the human brain, and the promise and pote

156 and a total number of less than 100 billion glial cells in the human brain.

157 the initial colonization and homeostasis of glial cells in the intestinal mucosa are regulated by th

158 Astrocytes, the most abundant glial cells in the mammalian brain, are critical regulat

159 examined the repopulation dynamics of NG2(+) glial cells in the mature and aged mice gray matter.

160 Here, we investigated the role of glial cells in the peripheral nervous system by creating

161 ation and characterized, for the first time, glial cells in the planarian CNS that respond to injury

162 The primary glial cells in the retina, the Muller glia, differentiat

163 in neuronal development, and the function of glial cells in this process is not fully understood.

164 d mouse primary astrocytes and in Drosophila glial cells in vivo.

165 roadblock for mammalian spinal cord repair, glial cells in zebrafish form a bridge across severed sp

166 roduction by brain-resident cells, including glial cells, in resistance against cerebral infections r

167 t brain cell types, especially in non-neuron glial cells, induces fragile X syndrome (FXS) phenotypes

168 haII-spectrin breakdown products, SBDPs) and glial cell injury biomarker, glial fibrillary acidic pro

169 he first systematic quantitative analysis of glial cell insertions at central nodes of Ranvier.

170 egenerate functional neurons from endogenous glial cells inside the brain and spinal cord.

171 ity, but it has remained unclear whether NG2 glial cells integrate and respond to synaptic input.

172 ing chemical compounds to reprogram reactive glial cells into functional neurons.

173 mation in which overmigration of neurons and glial cells into the arachnoid space results in the form

174 ute phase of TBI management, their effect on glial cells is not well understood.

175 in cysteine (SPARC), a molecule produced by glial cells, is involved in synapse removal.

176 These extracts were used to treat primary glial cells isolated from human APOE-targeted-replacemen

177 hat non-neuronal cells such as immune cells, glial cells, keratinocytes, cancer cells, and stem cells

178 Glial cells lacking TRPV4 but not AQP4 showed deficits i

179 t dysfunction of astrocytes, a major type of glial cell, leads to neuronal vulnerability.

180 in vitro, and genetic knockdown of AXL in a glial cell line nearly abolished infection.

181 Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) binds

182 rted to be necessary for the function of the Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) famil

183 rophic effects, the therapeutic potential of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) has b

184 , we describe a novel, biphasic function for glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in th

185 Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is es

186 brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) may b

187 m.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Delivery of ectopic glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) promo

188 Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) promo

189 Parkin and the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) recep

190 we evaluate the differential potency of NGF, glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), brai

191 We also found that intraspinally expressed glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), but

192 tor tyrosine kinase that is activated by the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor family ligan

193 receptor tyrosine kinase for members of the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor family of ex

194 ice lacking the neurotrophic factor receptor glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor family of re

195 ly if vanishingly small amounts (1 pg/ml) of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor were include

196 The ability of the HS-binding neuropeptide glial-cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) to in

197 tion and virus-induced cytopathic effects in glial cell lines and human astrocytes.

198 bout the effects of ALS on motor neurons and glial cells, little is known about its effect on proprio

199 astrocytes, which are the major non-neuronal glial cells, may play an important role in AD pathogenes

200 reliably induce calcium transients in Muller glial cells (MCs).

201 d by myelin, a specialized, cholesterol-rich glial cell membrane that tightly wraps axons.

202 ons only, with the prevailing view assigning glial cells mere specify supportive functions for synapt

203 us system (CNS) tissue, we eliminated Muller glial cells (MG) from the zebrafish retina.

204 K), NF-kappaB, and also by the inhibitors of glial cells (microglia and astrocytes).

205 servations indicate that therapies targeting glial cells might provide benefit for those afflicted by

206 anscription factors Distal-less 3 (DLX3) and Glial cell missing-1 (GCM1) have been shown to coordinat

207 ntiation, including hCYP19A1/aromatase P450, glial cells missing 1 (GCM1), frizzled 5 (FZD5), WNT2, S

208 on of H3R17 methylation results in defective glial cell morphology and a sensory defect in a subpopul

209 We now find that the glial cell niche also preserves neuroblast proliferation

210 r disorder or animal models, such as reduced glial cell number in the prefrontal cortex of patients,

211 nitor cells (OPCs), the resident myelinating glial cell of the CNS, into the periphery.

212 We expressed this EAAT1(P>R) mutation in glial cells of Drosophila larvae and found that these la

213 overexpression of sEH in the retinal Muller glial cells of non-diabetic mice resulted in similar ves

214 quaporin 4 (AQP4) is highly expressed in the glial cells of the central nervous system and facilitate

215 Glial cells of the central nervous system directly influ

216 nce, viral infection, and replication in the glial cells of the CNS and escape from immunosurveillanc

217 porin-4 (AQP4), the primary water channel in glial cells of the mammalian brain, plays a critical rol

218 ly was found in the cytoplasm of neurons and glial cells of the prefrontal cortex at 4 and 24 hours p

219 Glial cells offer protection against AD by engulfing ext

220 ion occurring between different neuronal and glial cells or between neurons and other peripheral tiss

221 ested if CRB expression restricted to Muller glial cells or photoreceptors or co-expression in both i

222 We review how the claim of one trillion glial cells originated, was perpetuated, and eventually

223 sal EGCs is continuously renewed by incoming glial cells originating in the plexi of the gut wall.

224 of dynamic interactions between neurons and glial cells, particularly astrocytes.

225 of dynamic interactions between neurons and glial cells, particularly astrocytes.

226 Glial cells play a critical role in shaping neuronal dev

227 lls or polydendrocytes, which are a resident glial cell population in the mature mammalian central ne

228 iated hemichannel activity specifically in a glial cell population.

229 recursor cells, represent a new entity among glial cell populations in the central nervous system.

230 elopment and altered scaling of neuronal and glial cell populations.

231 On the contrary, glial cell presentation is significantly associated with

232 duces a local rise in cytoplasmic calcium in glial cell processes at these nonsynaptic functional jun

233 c spectrin structures in a small fraction of glial-cell processes in four types of glial cells cultur

234 ZIKA-NS2A, but not DENV-NS2A, reduces radial glial cell proliferation and causes AJ deficits in human

235 Dystroglycan also regulates perinatal radial glial cell proliferation and transition into intermediat

236 During Drosophila development, glial cells provide a niche that sustains the proliferat

237 Here, we show that C. elegans GLR glial cells regulate axon specification of their nearby

238 udies provide evidence of a novel pathway in glial cells regulated by swip-10 that limits DA neuron e

239 onal alterations, and loss of retinal Muller glial cells resembling human macular telangiectasia type

240 For instance, enteric glia, a collection of glial cells residing within the walls of the intestinal

241 Many cell types, including neurons and glial cells, respond to the mechanical properties of the

242 protein 18 kDa (TSPO), a marker of activated glial cell response, in a cohort of National Football Le

243 Radial glial cells (RGCs) are the most abundant macroglia in th

244 ated in a temporal sequence, with all radial glial cells (RGCs) contributing to both lower and upper

245 cursors (CGPs) and differentiation of radial glial cells (RGCs) in the cerebellum.

246 rtical ventricular zone (VZ) contains radial glial cells (RGCs) with restricted fate potentials.

247 sitions from neuroepithelial cells to radial glial cells (RGCs), and later, a subpopulation of slowly

248 The polarity and organization of radial glial cells (RGCs), which serve as both stem cells and s

249 Although B. abortus-infected glial cells secreted IL-1beta and TNF-alpha, activation

250 t their expression and function in satellite glial cells (SGCs) of sensory ganglia have not been expl

251 We show that a Ca(2+)-dependent glial cell signaling mechanism is responsible for regula

252 tina may contain nonastrocytic inner retinal glial cells, similar to those described in the avian ret

253 he proper number of the diverse neuronal and glial cell subtypes that constitute the functional retin

254 Our findings emphasize the ability of glial cells such as OPCs to positively respond to modera

255 al mediated by gliotrophic FGF signaling.How glial cells, such as astrocytes, acquire their character

256 ury-induced upregulation of gap junctions in glial cells surrounding DRG neurons.

257 ion with structural changes in astrocytes, a glial cell that influences neural communication.

258 lectively enriched in subsets of neurons and glial cells that degenerate in ALS.

259 nervous system (ENS) consists of neurons and glial cells that differentiate from neural crest progeni

260 that MsContactin is selectively expressed by glial cells that ensheath the migratory neurons (express

261 We found that some resident NG2(+) glial cells that escaped depletion rapidly enter the cel

262 CNS myelin is produced by oligodendrocytes, glial cells that extend multiple membrane processes to w

263 vation of transcription in a selected set of glial cells that interact with those neurons.

264 sterol also is required by oligodendrocytes, glial cells that make myelin, to express myelin genes an

265 th factor a (ctgfa) is induced in and around glial cells that participate in initial bridging events.

266 Oligodendrocytes are glial cells that populate the entire CNS after they have

267 Enteric glial cells that stained positive for glial fibrillary a

268 ic homeodomain CsREPO were both expressed in glial cells that surround sensory neurons and also in mu

269 n two processes that require phagocytosis by glial cells, the immune cells in the brain: neuronal cle

270 Glial cells themselves also degenerate, via the DNA dama

271 p in the submucosa, might arise from enteric glial cells through hormone-dependent PKA signaling.

272 They communicate with neurones and other glial cells through the release of signalling molecules.

273 Zac1 delayed the transition of apical radial glial cells to basal intermediate neuronal progenitors a

274 , which in turn modulates PKG1 activation in glial cells to control filopodial motility.

275 because of the failure of the newly produced glial cells to differentiate.

276 pathway that affects the critical support of glial cells to neurons in the HD brain.

277 sion, explaining the apparent sensitivity of glial cells to Pico/Ras(V12) overexpression.

278 therapeutic approaches to reprogram resident glial cells to replace retinal neurons have been propose

279 nce for a defined, intrinsic contribution of glial cells to SMA disease pathogenesis and suggests tha

280 active neurons stimulate Ca(2+) increases in glial cells, triggering glial release of vasodilating ag

281 Despite the importance of this heterogeneous glial cell type for brain development and function, the

282 Muller glia (MG) are the principal glial cell type in the vertebrate retina.

283 Muller glia (MG) are the only glial cell type produced by the neuroepithelial progenit

284 ression is essential for proper neuronal and glial cell type specification.

285 Certain glial cell types (oligodendrocytes, Schwann cells) facil

286 served early and mature cortical neurons and glial cell types produced late.

287 ive tissue comprised of six neuronal and one glial cell types, each of which develops in prescribed p

288 nd to differentiate into mature neuronal and glial cell types.

289 on of spectrin in a variety of neuronal- and glial-cell types.

290 N1 is mostly expressed by neurons and not by glial cells under normal conditions, similar to the expr

291 synthase (L-PGDS) expression by neurons and glial cells was analyzed by immunostaining.

292 is, meningitis, and meningoencephalitis, and glial cells were identified as principal targets of infe

293 Primary glial cells were incubated with leptomycin b and MG132 t

294 tin provided evidence that some dual-labeled glial cells were tanycytes and radial glia.

295 rt by suppressing Notch activation in radial glial cells, which leads to the increased expression of

296 rescued by restoring chloride homeostasis to glial cells with a Na(+)-K(+)-2Cl(-) cotransporter.

297 Astrocytes are complex glial cells with numerous fine cellular processes that i

298 n about 100 billion neurons and one trillion glial cells, with a glia:neuron ratio of 10:1.

299 We focused on neurons and glial cells within the olfactory bulb because the virus

300 Highly specialized glial cells wrap axons with a multilayered myelin membra