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1 ochondrial antioxidant production (NADPH and glutathione).
2 adenine dinucleotide , glutathione disulfide/glutathione).
3 physiological concentrations of cysteine and glutathione.
4 DHARs) in interactions between ascorbate and glutathione.
5 glutathione reductase, is highly specific to glutathione.
6 his is correlated with the levels of reduced glutathione.
7 ither gamma-glutamyl amino acids or oxidized glutathione.
8 itor MG132 without eliciting any increase in glutathione.
9 umaric acid, acetaldehyde, total and reduced glutathione.
10 polyunsaturated fatty acids, oxylipins, and glutathione.
11 electrochemical sensor for the detection of glutathione.
12 dependent on brain levels of the antioxidant glutathione.
13 in antioxidants including NADPH and reduced glutathione.
14 E) for the detection of reduced and oxidized glutathione.
15 ecies is supported by increased antioxidant; glutathione.
16 g levels of the major biological antioxidant glutathione.
17 de, which is paralleled by a loss of reduced glutathione.
18 ltrasmall gold nanoparticles stabilized with glutathione.
19 thereby depleting the antioxidants NADPH and glutathione.
20 ine and the higher concentrations of reduced glutathione (1.0 and 2.0%) were able to promote a whiter
21 idative stress including reduced taurine and glutathione; (3) inhibition of several developmentally s
22 we find substantial GO-induced oxidation of glutathione, a model intracellular antioxidant, paired w
24 tural and synthetic compounds and related to glutathione and ascorbate as key endogenous antioxidants
25 oxidative stress by showing an activation of glutathione and ascorbate free radical scavenger systems
27 damage can be prevented by the antioxidants glutathione and catalase, suggesting that HDM-induced re
28 e protein) levels, oxidative stress markers (glutathione and cystine), and arterial stiffness were ev
29 ed that certain mushroom species are high in glutathione and ergothioneine and should be considered a
30 duced levels of NADPH, deoxynucleotides, and glutathione and increased their sensitivity to radiation
31 lomics analysis demonstrated accumulation of glutathione and its precursor, gamma-glutamylcysteine, a
32 the ability of gallic acid, glycine, reduced glutathione and l-cysteine at 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0% lev
33 reductase toward hemithioacetal (product of glutathione and MG), which is most likely caused by S-ni
35 hione degradation plays an important role in glutathione and redox homeostasis, and thus it is impera
39 nucleotides, acetoacetyl-CoA, H2O2, reduced glutathione, and 2-monoacylglycerol were not glucose-res
40 absorbance spectra of the gold nanoparticle, glutathione, and aminosilane complex demonstrated visual
42 antified by the plasma aminothiols, cystine, glutathione, and their ratio, is associated with mortali
43 led mitochondrial sources of H2O2 as well as glutathione- and thioredoxin-related pathways, with powe
45 infection success was also dependent of the glutathione antioxidant system and its main reducing pow
46 Astrocyte synthetic pathways, dependent on glutathione, are involved in cerebrovascular reactivity
47 metabolism, such as lower amounts of Cys and glutathione, as well as a differential composition of gl
48 ives were to determine and compare levels of glutathione, as well as ergothioneine, in different spec
49 olysis product of PL (hPL) was conjugated to glutathione at the C7-C8 olefin, and this complex was bo
50 PC)-deficient mutants (cad1-3) as well as in glutathione biosynthesis (cad2) and PC transport (abcc12
51 ponse and, in combination with inhibition of glutathione biosynthesis, triggers ferroptosis, a non-ap
53 either in the absence or presence of DOM or glutathione, both of which form strong complexes with Hg
54 ion depends not only on the level of reduced glutathione, but also on the rate of NADPH production, c
56 contained higher levels of ergothioneine and glutathione compared to the first flush, possibly as a r
58 leterious superoxide, the formation of Cu(I)-glutathione complexes might be avoided under normal phys
60 polysulfides were unstable at physiological glutathione concentrations and were reduced with concomi
61 l processes; however, the dynamic changes of glutathione concentrations in living cells remain largel
63 n this paper that the stability of the total glutathione content (GSH + GSSG) and GSH in saliva is si
66 of NO2-CLA with low molecular weight thiols (glutathione, cysteine, homocysteine, cysteinylglycine, a
69 and catalytic activity of this new enzyme of glutathione degradation, which is involved in continuous
70 nvasive mechanism whereby the secretion of a glutathione-dependent oxidoreductase drives angiogenesis
77 cytes; 3) metabolic pathways associated with glutathione detoxification and tryptophan degradation we
79 the enzymatic mechanism of the reduction of glutathione disulfide (GSSG) by the reduced a domain of
83 transcripts, we observed impaired levels of glutathione (downstream Nrf2 antioxidant) in TDP-43M337V
84 one probe will enable opportunities to study glutathione dynamics and transportation and expand our u
88 ighest level of 2.0% for glycine and reduced glutathione favored protein extractability and a weaker
90 4 mm and kcat of 15.9 +/- 1.0 min(-1) toward glutathione for human ChaC2; Km of 2.2 +/- 0.4 mm and kc
97 his process can be triggered by depletion of glutathione (GSH) and accumulation of lipid reactive oxy
98 thiol oxidation kinetics was studied, using glutathione (GSH) and cysteine (CYS) as model systems.
100 xenograft tumors, MnO2 /DVDMS is reduced by glutathione (GSH) and H2 O2 and reassembled into nanoDVD
101 Bar-Me forms a Michael addition adduct with glutathione (GSH) and inhibits IKKbeta phosphorylation.
103 ed human serum albumin (HSA) pretreated with glutathione (GSH) based on the low pH- and GSH-sensitive
104 specific interaction with tripeptide reduced glutathione (GSH) bioreceptor directly immobilized on th
105 o NADPH and promotes regeneration of reduced glutathione (GSH) by supplying NADPH to glutathione redu
109 -potential amperometric detection of reduced glutathione (GSH) in pH 7.2 phosphate buffer solution (P
110 e presence of high concentrations of reduced glutathione (GSH) inside the cells, thereby facilitating
113 as a result, maintenance of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) is essential for their survival and pr
114 We hypothesized that increasing cellular glutathione (GSH) levels would inhibit neuroinflammation
115 superoxide release and reduced mitochondrial glutathione (GSH) levels, although cytosolic GSH remaine
118 h as cysteine (Cys), homocysteine (Hcy), and glutathione (GSH) play crucial roles in maintaining redo
119 ecies (ROS), which trigger the antioxidative glutathione (GSH) response necessary to buffer rising RO
123 igen 2 (NG2) expressed in hepatic pericytes, glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrati
124 uantification of oxidized (GSSG) and reduced glutathione (GSH), biomarkers of oxidative stress, is de
125 h as cysteine (Cys), homocysteine (Hcy), and glutathione (GSH), play a key role in an extensive range
126 disulfide moiety can directly interact with glutathione (GSH), thereby reducing its intracellular co
127 r cells by producing an antioxidant, reduced glutathione (GSH), through HIF-1-mediated metabolic repr
134 p < 0.0001), thyroxine (T4, p = 0.042), and glutathione (GSH, p = 0.034) concentrations than control
136 DOX release under a redox environment (10mM glutathione, GSH), and demonstrated enhanced cytotoxicit
137 ntioxidants, the sum of oxidized and reduced glutathione (GSSG and GSH) can be measured with essentia
138 concentrations of reduced (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG), and it enables the calculation of th
142 tic studies show that impaired mitochondrial glutathione homeostasis and subsequent mitochondrial dys
155 reactivity, and that preserved synthesis of glutathione is essential for the full development of thi
157 tral augmentation index (P=0.015), and lower glutathione level (P=0.003), indicative of increased oxi
160 n species-inducing diethyl maleate increased glutathione levels and (18)F-FASu uptake, whereas gene k
161 enal BH4 levels were closely correlated with glutathione levels and inversely correlated with cardiac
162 metry and function, cardiac histomorphology, glutathione levels and protein levels of cathepsin K and
164 ebrovascular reactivity to CO2 Reductions in glutathione levels in aging, stroke, or schizophrenia co
165 of nestling frigatebirds, and (ii) that high glutathione levels in red blood cells are associated wit
168 eine and sulforaphane, which act to increase glutathione levels through complementary mechanisms.
171 results in NRF2 activation, normalization of glutathione levels, and prevention of PPK in female Krt1
172 roduction, decreased GPx activity, decreased glutathione levels, increased inducible nitric oxide syn
173 athione peroxidase (GPx) activity, decreased glutathione levels, increased inducible nitric oxide syn
174 levels, decreased glycolytic flux, Nrf-2 and glutathione levels, ultimately resulting in caspase-3 ac
175 hermore, these results suggest that depleted glutathione levels, which occur in aging and stroke, wil
179 tion, cystine uptake, and incorporation into glutathione, linking growth factor receptor signaling wi
180 ined for oxidative stress parameters such as glutathione, lipid peroxidation, and calcium levels alon
181 metabolites associated with skeletal muscle glutathione/Met/Cys metabolism (2-hydroxybutanoic acid,
182 ith lipid peroxidation and downregulation of glutathione metabolism proteins, features that are typic
184 acid metabolism, TCA cycle, gluconeogenesis, glutathione metabolism, pantothenate and CoA biosynthesi
186 eta-oxidation of fatty acids; alterations in glutathione metabolism; and increased serum metabolites
190 cat2), the dhar1 dhar2 combination decreased glutathione oxidation and inhibited cat2-triggered induc
191 acea) genotypes using ABTS, deoxyribose, and glutathione oxidation assays, as well as, SH-SY5Y cells
192 lutathione oxidation, and (3) DHAR-dependent glutathione oxidation influences redox-driven salicylic
193 ntracellular hydrogen peroxide metabolism to glutathione oxidation, and (3) DHAR-dependent glutathion
194 KO heart, protein oxidation and a decreased glutathione/oxidized glutathione ratio were observed, bu
197 mine metabolism, at least in part due to the glutathione pathway, an efficient cellular buffering sys
198 t for fast in solution detection methods for glutathione peptides that have experienced heat stress.
199 d was evaluated to visually detect denatured glutathione peptides, utilizing gold nanoparticle aggreg
200 ntrol, p<0.1); most likely through enhancing glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity in liver (4.3-fold
201 which increased superoxide levels, decreased glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, decreased glutath
203 s azo-bis-ebselens 7 were poor mimics of the glutathione peroxidase (GPx)-enzymes, nitroebselens 3, 6
204 y on pathways converging on the phospholipid glutathione peroxidase (GPX4), a selenocysteine-containi
207 ne of the major antioxidant defense enzymes, glutathione peroxidase 1 knockout mice are protected dur
209 of hydrogen peroxide in bacterially infected glutathione peroxidase 1 macrophages and that restoring
211 protective effect was suppressed by treating glutathione peroxidase 1 mice with an interleukin-1 rece
212 orm of cell death triggered by inhibition of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), which catalyzes the red
214 improved superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities in H2O2 treated CCD an
215 way modulation; however, treatment to reduce glutathione peroxidase activity increased 5-LO metabolit
217 thione S-transferase peroxidase kappa 1, and glutathione peroxidase) than the BN rat, suggesting that
218 tive stress (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, lipidic and protein peroxidation
219 l of hexokinase-2, hormone sensitive lipase, glutathione peroxidase-1, and myosin heavy chain IIa in
220 response to G418, whereas expression of the glutathione peroxidases GPX1 and GPX2 was marginally aff
221 ant strains deficient for peroxiredoxins and glutathione peroxidases were equally sensitive to fatty
222 equence for sulfide oxidation being: H2S --> glutathione persulfide --> sulfite --> sulfate, than wit
223 stable in the reducing intracellular milieu, glutathione persulfide could serve as a persulfide donor
224 d were reduced with concomitant formation of glutathione persulfide, glutathione disulfide, and H2S.
225 the direction of thiosulfate to sulfite and glutathione persulfide; sulfur transfer in the reverse d
226 tty acid metabolism, and the biosynthesis of glutathione, phospholipids, NADPH, and coenzyme Q10.
228 een oxidatively prestressed by depleting the glutathione pool by buthionine sulfoximine treatment.
230 nylation of endogenous substrates, depleting glutathione pools, an activity that DmGST may lack.
233 lementing primary wild-type hepatocytes with glutathione precursors improves cell survival following
234 ) release from the vesicles, whereas reduced glutathione prevents TRPM7-dependent cytosolic Zn(2+) in
239 kinetic analysis of ndSQR is consistent with glutathione rather than sulfite being the predominant ac
240 idation and a decreased glutathione/oxidized glutathione ratio were observed, but the opposite was fo
241 In addition, higher glutathione/oxidized glutathione ratios suggested that microprobed cells exhi
244 xhibit increased oxidative stress, decreased glutathione redox capacity, and highly active mitochondr
245 s and nutrient transporters, together with a glutathione redox moiety, which is likely to act as the
246 be reduced in the ER, maintenance of the ER glutathione redox state and levels likely depends on ER
247 oxidation, and calcium levels along with the glutathione reductase and thioltransferase enzyme activi
248 nificantly higher levels of malondialdehyde, glutathione reductase enzyme activity, and calcium level
249 igh sensitivity of mature gametocytes to the glutathione reductase inhibitor and redox cycler drug me
251 nolic content, ascorbic acid and the enzymes glutathione reductase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase an
252 ygenase-1, NAD(P)H dehydrogenase, quinone 1, glutathione reductase, glutamate-cysteine ligase catalyt
254 including catalase, glutathione synthetase, glutathione reductase, NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase,
256 se released from glycogen and used for NADPH/glutathione reduction renders nematodes and human hepato
257 ctively, while we also observed evidence for glutathione-related mechanisms, including metallothionei
258 x), small ubiquitin-related modifier (Sumo), glutathione S-transferase (GST), maltose-binding protein
259 oxidant enzymes (lactoperoxidase, microsomal glutathione S-transferase 2 and 3, glutathione S-transfe
260 astic foci in the liver (increased placental glutathione S-transferase and cytokeratin 8-18 activity;
264 icrosomal glutathione S-transferase 2 and 3, glutathione S-transferase peroxidase kappa 1, and glutat
268 encoding cytochrome P450 monooxygenases and glutathione S-transferases associated with detoxificatio
269 response genes, such as cytochrome P-450 and glutathione S-transferases, potentially involved in the
270 levels across fuel types were observed for S-glutathione (S-GSH) and S-gamma-glutamylcysteine (S-gamm
271 a proof of concept, a reversible label-free glutathione-S-transferase (GST) biosensor is demonstrate
272 gh polyunsaturated fat liquid diet to female glutathione-S-transferase 4-4 (Gsta4(-/-))/peroxisome pr
274 s vitamin B6 cofactors with the red emitting glutathione stabilized copper nanoclusters (GSH-CuNCs).
275 osing effects of DOM were also observed with glutathione, suggesting that thiols in DOM likely played
276 e latter two being the final products, while glutathione sulphenic acid, glutathione sulphinic acid,
277 products, while glutathione sulphenic acid, glutathione sulphinic acid, and GSSG are rather reaction
278 In one strain, both hly and gshF (encoding a glutathione synthase required for full PrfA activity) we
279 rough increased consumption of glutamate for glutathione synthesis and glutamate secretion by xc(-) a
280 e, oxidative stress associated with impaired glutathione synthesis and nuclear factor erythroid-deriv
281 ln via the blood to the PDTX to fuel Glu and glutathione synthesis while gluconeogenesis occurs in th
283 S) scavenging machinery, including catalase, glutathione synthetase, glutathione reductase, NADPH-cyt
284 l as total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total glutathione (tGSH), and carotenoids in plasma of Baltic
285 on of bioreductants such as ascorbic acid or glutathione, the compound is readily reduced to the corr
288 conjugation of electrophilic compounds with glutathione to facilitate their degradation or excretion
289 LanCL1 catalyzes the addition of the Cys of glutathione to protein- or peptide-bound dehydroalanine
290 ated the antioxidant metabolites (ascorbate, glutathione, tocopherols, and polyphenols) and enzymes (
291 have characterized a Drosophila melanogaster glutathione transferase (DmGSTE6) which has activity tow
295 d reduced (GSH) and oxidized (GSSG) forms of glutathione was assessed by CV studies at physiological
297 ndogenously synthesized or exogenously added glutathione was sufficient to form this modification.
298 se-inactivated C314S mutant with and without glutathione were determined at 1.8, 2.4, and 2.7 A resol
299 physiological concentrations of cysteine and glutathione, while those with longer sulfur chains, Cys-
300 also shared the same specificity for reduced glutathione, with no activity against either gamma-gluta
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