ライフサイエンスコーパス: glycine betaine

1 ed using a completely excluded solute (e.g., glycine betaine).

2 and responds by importing osmolytes such as glycine betaine.

3 tobacco plants engineered to convert Cho to glycine betaine.

4 tation, or by the osmoprotectants choline or glycine betaine.

5 ursor of intracellular choline-O-sulfate and glycine betaine.

6 presence of the osmoprotectants choline and glycine betaine.

7 a the route choline --> betaine aldehyde --> glycine betaine.

8 homologs, was up-regulated during growth on glycine betaine.

9 eans to carry out corrinoid methylation with glycine betaine.

10 predicted importer of the compatible solute glycine betaine.

11 nt role as a precursor of the osmoprotectant glycine betaine.

12 ession was induced by the activator GbdR and glycine betaine.

13 failure to accumulate the compatible solute glycine betaine.

14 in the presence and absence of the osmolyte, glycine betaine.

15 horylcholine degradation products, including glycine betaine.

16 oprotection from exogenous choline than from glycine betaine.

17 ity for uptake of choline than for uptake of glycine betaine.

18 alyses the conversion of betaine aldehyde to glycine-betaine.

19 la: see text] is proportional to m3 both for glycine betaine (0-0.9 m) and for urea (0-1.6 m).

20 when compared with the normal group included glycine betaine (9-fold), citric acid (2.8-fold), kynure

21 xidase catalyzes the oxidation of choline to glycine betaine, a compatible solute that accumulates in

22 ato OpuC transporter had a high affinity for glycine betaine, a low affinity for choline, and a broad

23 H mRNA expression, leaf water relations, and glycine betaine accumulation were investigated in leaves

24 oth transcriptomes included some involved in glycine betaine accumulation, mscL, ure genes, femH, spa

25 d osmotic homeostasis reestablishment due to glycine betaine accumulation.

26 their expression coincided with the observed glycine betaine accumulation.

27 yzes the committing step in the synthesis of glycine betaine, an osmoprotectant accumulated by many p

28 or synthesis and transport, respectively, of glycine betaine, an osmoprotectant used during osmotic s

29 red in low-phosphate (2 mM) medium contained glycine betaine and 1.5-fold more choline-O-sulfate than

30 ty and eliminated the accumulation of [(14)C]glycine betaine and [(14)C]choline-O-sulfate in high-osm

31 -Burk plots indicated a Km of 4.4 microM for glycine betaine and a Vmax of 700 pmol/min x mg of prote

32 rely on reductive cleavage of osmoprotectant glycine betaine and are engaged in trophic cooperation.

33 ioned as the primary or sole transporter for glycine betaine and as one of multiple transporters for

34 I is inhibited by small zwitterions, such as glycine betaine and beta-alanine.

35 umulation of compatible solutes, among which glycine betaine and carnitine are the preferred solutes

36 Although the OsmU system can take up glycine betaine and choline-O-sulfate, these two osmopro

37 The recombinant DSY3156 protein converts glycine betaine and cob(I)alamin to dimethylglycine and

38 ated that import of osmoprotectants, such as glycine betaine and ectoine, is the primary mechanism us

39 sess efficient pathways for the synthesis of glycine betaine and for the potential development of dru

40 (Cho) is the precursor of the osmoprotectant glycine betaine and is itself an essential nutrient for

41 2DM condition, and the urinary elevations in glycine betaine and pipecolic acid (as well as proline)

42 ccumulation of urea, glycine, sarcosine, and glycine betaine and removes the minimum in T(m) with gly

43 avelength absorbance spectroscopy in aqueous glycine betaine and urea solutions.

44 rehalose], E. coli osmoprotectants (proline, glycine betaine), and also glycerol and trimethylamine N

45 an integral membrane transporter of proline, glycine betaine, and other osmoprotecting compounds, is

46 ve amino acids (glycine, alanine, sarcosine, glycine betaine, and proline), and urea.

47 an integral membrane transporter of proline, glycine betaine, and several other osmoprotecting compou

48 osmolytes, including sorbitol, myo-inositol, glycine betaine, and taurine.

49 However, glycine, sarcosine, and glycine betaine are not necessarily locally accumulated

50 Trimethyl-amines (GPC and glycine-betaine) are characterized by strong hard-sphere

51 g proteins, if general, justifies the use of glycine betaine as a thermodynamic probe of the changes

52 ocal accumulation of glycine, sarcosine, and glycine betaine at single strands relative to double-str

53 hylene glycol, urea, glycine, sarcosine, and glycine betaine at the single-stranded DNA surface expos

54 atalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from glycine betaine (Bet) to homocysteine (Hcy) to form dime

55 Glycine betaine (betaine) has the highest cellular osmop

56 led on the crystallographic structure of the glycine betaine-binding protein ProX of Archaeoglobus fu

57 tential development of drugs that target the glycine betaine biosynthetic pathway in human pathogens.

58 ut genus- and species-specific production of glycine betaine, by plants.

59 Under stress conditions, if glycine betaine cannot be imported, Salmonella enterica

60 The glycine betaine carrier BetP from Corynebacterium glutam

61 To our knowledge, DSY3156 is the first glycine betaine:corrinoid methyltransferase described, a

62 upon transfer to a choline-based medium, the glycine betaine derived from choline taken up by BetT1 a

63 ssed no detectable demethylase activity with glycine betaine, dimethyl glycine, methylmercaptopropion

64 ing choline, acetylcholine, L-carnitine, and glycine betaine effectively.The choline-binding protein

65 incorporation efficiency; the osmoprotectant glycine betaine eliminated this effect.

66 r osmotically regulated systems, addition of glycine betaine enhanced the osmotic induction of cps::l

67 Many bacteria can accumulate glycine betaine for osmoprotection and catabolize it as

68 es the four-electron oxidation of choline to glycine betaine, forming betaine aldehyde as an enzyme-b

69 For glycine betaine [formula: see text] = -49 +/- 4, a value

70 n of several protective genes, including the glycine betaine/gamma-aminobutyric acid transporter (BGT

71 d the biophysical basis of osmoprotection by glycine betaine (GB) and the roles of cytoplasmic osmoly

72 Interactions of the solutes glycine betaine (GB) and urea with mononucleosomal calf

73 Glycine betaine (GB) is one of the key compatible solute

74 lain the large, opposite effects of urea and glycine betaine (GB) on stability of folded proteins and

75 glutamate (KGlu)] and of the excluded solute glycine betaine (GB) on the binding thermodynamics at 20

76 Here, we use the small solutes urea and glycine betaine (GB) to probe the extent and type of sur

77 the interactions of the remarkable osmolyte glycine betaine (GB) with molecular surfaces in water.

78 een two broadly used small solutes, urea and glycine betaine (GB), and a triglycine peptide, which is

79 Two PC catabolites, choline and glycine betaine (GB), were sufficient to stimulate Anr a

80 ne aldehyde (BAL) forming the osmoprotectant glycine betaine (GB), which confers tolerance to osmotic

81 Glycine betaine (GB), which occurs freely in the environ

82 e host-derived quaternary amines choline and glycine betaine (GB).

83 on of low-molecular-weight osmolytes such as glycine betaine (GB).

84 tial for the rapid uptake of choline but not glycine betaine (GBT).

85 Other common osmolytes (glycine betaine, glutamate, and proline) were not accumu

86 Certain plants produce glycine betaine (GlyBet) in the chloroplast by a two-ste

87 se in the chloroplast accumulate very little glycine betaine (GlyBet) unless supplied with choline (C

88 a(mu1),(mu3)/m(bulk)3 decreases in the order glycine betaine >> proline >TMAO > trehalose approximate

89 In Pseudomonas aeruginosa, glycine betaine has additional roles as a nutrient sourc

90 Accumulation of glycine betaine has been found to be important in the or

91 t, baseline levels of betaine, also known as glycine betaine (hazard ratio 0.84 per SD log metabolite

92 in the oligopeptide importer (oppABCDF) and glycine betaine importer (gbuABC) allowed DeltadacA muta

93 The compatible solutes proline and glycine betaine improved growth of the wild-type and the

94 rotectant transport systems is stimulated by glycine betaine in high-osmolarity media, suggesting tha

95 endogenous Cho supply limits accumulation of glycine betaine in transgenic tobacco plants engineered

96 pH profiles for glycine betaine inhibition, the deprotonation of the N(3

97 As with double-helical DNA, glycine betaine interacts more strongly with the surface

98 is of interest because organisms accumulate glycine betaine intracellularly in response to stress co

99 hores and artificial gradients indicate that glycine betaine is cotransported with sodium ion.

100 induction of plcH and pchP transcription by glycine betaine is mediated by GbdR, an AraC family tran

101 The enzymatic oxidation of choline to glycine betaine is of interest because organisms accumul

102 taine suggested that the cytoplasmic pool of glycine betaine is regulated in P. aeruginosa.

103 In plants glycine betaine is synthesized by the two-step oxidation

104 The ability to synthesize and accumulate glycine betaine is wide-spread among angiosperms and is

105 ansporter of the osmoprotectants proline and glycine betaine, is controlled from two promoters, P1 an

106 of the osmoprotecting compounds proline and glycine betaine, is expressed from two promoters.

107 In response to water deficit, glycine betaine levels increased 26-fold and proline lev

108 Eleven additives (trehalose, glycine betaine, mannitol, L-Arginine, potassium citrate

109 Because choline and glycine betaine may serve as carbon and energy sources i

110 (Kd ) in the nanomolar range for choline and glycine betaine, micromolar Kd for stachydrine and trigo

111 Paradoxically, glycine betaine (N,N,N-trimethyl glycine; GB) in vivo is

112 interactions of urea and the osmoprotectant glycine betaine (N,N,N-trimethylglycine; GB) with the su

113 A parallel analysis indicates that glycine betaine [N,N,N-trimethylglycine (GB)] can be use

114 line, glycerophosphocholine, phosphocholine, glycine betaine, N-methylproline, proline betaine (stach

115 ase at 30 degrees C revealed K(m) values for glycine betaine of 1.2 and 2.9 microM with V(max) values

116 nations for the opposite effects of urea and glycine betaine on protein stability, as well as deducti

117 e show that LuxR activates expression of the glycine betaine operon betIBA-proXWV, which enhances gro

118 Glycine Betaine Optical Sensor (GBOS), a genetically-enc

119 to induce plcH and pchP in media containing glycine betaine or choline and in phosphatidylcholine-ri

120 ed proXVWZ, annotated as encoding a putative glycine betaine or proline transporter.

121 466D lost the ability to form complexes with glycine betaine or sulfite.

122 erum albumin (BSA) with two smaller solutes (glycine betaine or urea) in aqueous solution are charact

123 al dimethylglycine oxidase, an enzyme of the glycine betaine pathway and a homolog of the T-protein.

124 nthesis of glycine betaine via an engineered glycine betaine pathway.

125 Connecting quorum-sensing and glycine betaine pathways presumably enables V. harveyi t

126 genes cells in which the putative ATP-driven glycine betaine permease glycine betaine porter II (Gbu)

127 Depletion of either the choline or glycine betaine pool reduced phospholipase production, a

128 of conditions, in contrast to the transient glycine betaine pool reported for most bacteria.

129 Depletion of the glycine betaine pool, but not the choline pool, inhibite

130 ginosa and other pseudomonads that, with the glycine betaine pool, regulates osmoprotection and phosp

131 to experimentally manipulate the choline and glycine betaine pools by overexpression of the cognate c

132 hat P. aeruginosa maintains both choline and glycine betaine pools under a variety of conditions, in

133 sodium-driven glycine betaine uptake system (glycine betaine porter I), uptake in this vesicle system

134 putative ATP-driven glycine betaine permease glycine betaine porter II (Gbu) is functional.

135 strain in media containing 0.7 M NaCl, while glycine-betaine restores growth to wild-type levels.

136 The subsequent uptake of glycine betaine returns SH3 to the stability observed wi

137 This porter appears to be specific for glycine betaine, since neither proline, carnitine, nor c

138 Glycine betaine stabilizes the pseudoknot tertiary struc

139 of S. meliloti towards betonicine, choline, glycine betaine, stachydrine and trigonelline.

140 The multiple functions for glycine betaine suggested that the cytoplasmic pool of g

141 nd in stressed plants for choline to support glycine betaine synthesis.

142 ted deletion, which abolished the ability of glycine betaine to alleviate the inhibitory effect of hi

143 t oligopeptides act as osmolytes, similar to glycine betaine, to disrupt intracellular osmotic pressu

144 Results showed that glycine betaine, trigonelline, proline betaine, N(epsilo

145 better osmoprotection from choline than from glycine betaine, unlike most bacteria that have been cha

146 case for the L. monocytogenes sodium-driven glycine betaine uptake system (glycine betaine porter I)

147 in the accumulation of the compatible solute glycine betaine, ure genes of the urease operon, and msc

148 ol led to a 30-fold increase in synthesis of glycine betaine via an engineered glycine betaine pathwa

149 Plants synthesize the osmoprotectant glycine betaine via the route choline --> betaine aldehy

150 es the four-electron oxidation of choline to glycine betaine via two sequential FAD-dependent reactio

151 ort of the osmoprotectant and cryoprotectant glycine betaine was investigated in membrane vesicles of

152 d cytoplasmic solutes, choline-O-sulfate and glycine betaine, were found in mycelial extracts, sugges

153 ion conferred to P. syringae by choline over glycine betaine when these compounds were provided at hi

154 gh-osmolarity medium with the osmoprotectant glycine betaine, which reduces the cytoplasmic K(+) pool

155 -step, four-electron oxidation of choline to glycine betaine with betaine aldehyde as enzyme-associat

156 D. hafniense was found capable of growth on glycine betaine with electron acceptors such as nitrate

157 indicates that the extent of interaction of glycine betaine with the surface area exposed upon RNA u

158 xidase catalyzes the oxidation of choline to glycine betaine with transient formation of an aldehyde

159 ctron, flavin-linked oxidation of choline to glycine betaine with transient formation of an enzyme-bo

160 es the four-electron oxidation of choline to glycine betaine, with betaine aldehyde as an intermediat

161 es the flavin-linked oxidation of choline to glycine betaine, with betaine aldehyde as intermediate a

162 es the four-electron oxidation of choline to glycine betaine, with molecular oxygen acting as primary