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1 on of leukemic stem cells (LSCs) can utilize gonadal adipose tissue (GAT) as a niche to support their
2 ty were reduced, respectively, 75 and 70% in gonadal adipose tissue (GAT), 90 and 80% in subcutaneous
3 n of genes involved in metabolic pathways in gonadal adipose tissue of WT and APNko, but this effect
4 hat chemotherapy-resistant CD36+ LSCs co-opt gonadal adipose tissue to support their metabolism and s
5 intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) with gonadal, adrenal, and bone marrow failure, predispositio
6 hormone is disrupted most often, followed by gonadal, adrenal, and thyroid hormones, leading to abnor
7 lism, and action) and at all relevant sites (gonadal, adrenal, intratumoral) simultaneously at the ti
10 etal macrophages are associated with nascent gonadal and mesonephric vasculature during the initial p
11 are signaled through complex interconnecting gonadal and neurological control mechanisms that general
12 profound influence of TSD on male pituitary-gonadal and pituitary-thyroid axis hormones characterize
13 her TSD affects the course of male pituitary-gonadal and pituitary-thyroid axis related hormones duri
15 oatrophy with approximately 90% reduction in gonadal and subcutaneous white adipose tissue and brown
20 s associated with the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis (HPG axis) in fish had become a conventiona
21 tores function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and, thus, normalizes hormone levels of lut
23 e following: (a) the hypothalamic-pitutitary-gonadal axis in female FHMs, where aromatase inhibition
24 role in regulating the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis in vivo through the activation of nNOS in n
27 ormal function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis is dependent on gonadotropin-releasing horm
28 lic information to the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis is mediated by leptin receptors on AgRP neu
31 ent of the estrogenic hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis regulation in females showed that leptin ac
33 educed activity of the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis such as delayed puberty, hypothalamic ameno
34 r of the adult female hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis, is paradoxically produced by neurons in th
37 rine system along the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis; however, most studies address either devel
41 diagnosis, and treatment of infertility and gonadal cancers, and in efforts to augment human and ani
43 d transcriptional regulation in an embryonic gonadal cell line demonstrated partial activation of dow
44 hway to suppress endogenous mobile elements, gonadal cell TE landscapes can still dramatically change
46 nscription collapses in germline and somatic gonadal cells and TEs are activated, resulting in germli
47 , a portion of excessive early-stage somatic gonadal cells are found to originate from early-stage ge
50 In Drosophila, Nup107 knockdown in somatic gonadal cells resulted in female sterility, whereas male
54 Drosophila Piwi is the founding member of a gonadal clade of Argonaute proteins that serve as silenc
55 ines and discovered dynamic TE landscapes in gonadal cultures that were defined by a subset of active
57 e cancer survivors, but endocrine effects of gonadal damage are likewise central to long-term health
64 MRT1 is an essential sex-linked regulator of gonadal differentiation in avians, and that it likely ac
65 t, expression of thermoresponsive genes, and gonadal differentiation in fathead minnows, Pimephales p
67 proof for an essential role of NF-kappaB in gonadal differentiation of zebrafish and represents an i
68 of WwTW effluent exposure on reproduction or gonadal disruption in roach down the female germ line an
69 es a DAF-1/TGFbetaR signaling cascade in the gonadal distal tip cell (DTC), the germline stem cell ni
77 ovel mutant that is useful for investigating gonadal dysgenesis in phenotypic female patients with th
79 l mice and provide a molecular basis for the gonadal dysgenesis observed in ataxia telangiectasia, th
82 ed dogs with XY chromosomal sex but complete gonadal dysgenesis, which is classified as 78, XY disord
85 n of the gonads and/or are determined by non-gonadal effects of the sexual inequality in the number a
86 rammed death of the linker cell, which leads gonadal elongation, proceeds independently of caspases a
87 gene fkh-6, but mutagenesis of a short male gonadal enhancer element in egl-5 suggested that this re
88 on AIB1 transgenic (AIB1-tg) mice to prevent gonadal estrogen production and by crossing AIB1-tg mice
89 females was not solely reflective of absent gonadal estrogen, as chronically ovariectomized Kiss1r K
91 d outperformed gonadal expression levels and gonadal expression correlations in predicting germ cell-
93 nt relationship to Sex-lethal is revealed by gonadal expression of RBP9, providing a maternal fail-sa
94 al dwarfism, extreme insulin resistance, and gonadal failure and identified compound heterozygous fra
96 ressed in this chapter, including fertility, gonadal failure, erectile dysfunction, and menstrual iss
97 erol was the same in Bhmt(+/+) and Bhmt(-/-) gonadal fat depots (GWAT), but it was 62% lower in Bhmt(
101 a Wnt/beta-catenin pathway to regulate male gonadal fates and can physically interact with the Wnt p
102 Our studies also implicate microRNAs in gonadal feedback control of gonadotropin synthesis and s
103 exual maturity had altered susceptibility to gonadal feminization and an impaired capacity to reprodu
104 There was no difference in the severity of gonadal feminization in roach derived from either WwTW e
108 placode to the forebrain where they control gonadal function via the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal
109 such as treatment-induced menopause, altered gonadal function, and significant surgical disfigurement
116 hermaphrodites is sufficient to induce male gonadal gene expression, indicating that EGL-5 plays an
118 efish activity levels as well as somatic and gonadal growth all peaked during the summer, coinciding
119 e sets indicative of teleost brain-pituitary-gonadal-hepatic (BPGH) axis function indicated that WWTP
121 dence from animal studies indicates that the gonadal hormone 17beta-estradiol (E(2)) impacts the stru
124 ted status, suggesting that dysregulation of gonadal hormone function may be a characteristic trait o
125 changes during puberty that may be driven by gonadal hormone secretion during this developmental peri
126 ence indicates that prenatal exposure to the gonadal hormone, testosterone, influences the developmen
127 ie a two-way interaction between circulating gonadal hormones and behavioral responses to socially sa
128 dimorphism have emphasized the importance of gonadal hormones and cell-autonomous influences in mamma
129 central nervous system (CNS) factors, genes, gonadal hormones and receptors, genitalia, and social/en
130 Here, we review the mechanisms by which gonadal hormones and sex chromosome complement each cont
131 e organizational and activational effects of gonadal hormones and to genes on the sex chromosomes.
134 y and provide a potential mechanism by which gonadal hormones could regulate the maturation of the as
137 ned for a female phenotype unless exposed to gonadal hormones during a perinatal sensitive period.
138 inatal sensitive period, when organizational gonadal hormones establish the sexually dimorphic brain,
139 specting the breadth and depth of the impact gonadal hormones have on brain functioning and its rich
140 astrocytes persisted even in the absence of gonadal hormones in adulthood, suggesting that androgens
141 discriminable, suggesting opposite roles for gonadal hormones in influencing male and female olfactor
143 ffects of stress, where the rapid decline of gonadal hormones in women combined with cellular aging p
144 nt work illustrating how sex differences and gonadal hormones influence sleep and circadian rhythms t
145 of these sex differences, but whether adult gonadal hormones maintain the increased number and compl
147 ural mechanisms underlying the influences of gonadal hormones on human behavior are beginning to be i
149 printed genes is most likely attributable by gonadal hormones rather than by sex chromosome complemen
150 rentiation of the gonads, which then secrete gonadal hormones that act directly on tissues to induce
151 , cortisol, adrenocorticotropic hormone, and gonadal hormones were analyzed at baseline and week 52.
152 An emerging hypothesis is that fluctuating gonadal hormones, especially estrogen, in the menstrual
156 s were not the consequence of the actions of gonadal hormones, we induced gonadal sex reversal to alt
159 ary-adrenal (HPA) and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axes in underlying some of these complex i
160 e, which inhibits the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis and reduces both testosterone and LH
161 s associated with the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis in female fathead minnows, specifical
164 al pathway within the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis is profoundly influenced by neonatal
167 h have focused on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG)-axis and reproduction, but other effects h
170 rce of niche Dpp, but instead is required in gonadal intermingled cells (ICs, the progenitor cells of
172 ssociated with embryonic testis development, gonadal loss of Fog2 resulted in an early partial block
174 global sex determination gene tra-1 and the gonadal masculinizing gene fkh-6, but mutagenesis of a s
175 rmal tissue remodeling to gain access to the gonadal mesoderm and are unable to migrate through intac
176 both in delivering germ cells to the somatic gonadal mesoderm, and in specifying the niche where thes
177 eract while PGCs are en route to the somatic gonadal mesoderm, and previous studies have shown that C
181 zyme DAF-36, HSD-1 is dispensable for proper gonadal migration and lifespan extension induced by germ
184 fore, defines a secondary role for planarian gonadal niche cells in promoting GSC differentiation.
186 ion analysis in isolated adipocytes from the gonadal pad of Pparg2-KO mice in 2 different backgrounds
187 onversely, alcohol drinking was predicted by gonadal phenotype independent of sex chromosome compleme
188 with biological effects on metamorphosis and gonadal phenotypes, respectively, that were observed in
190 involving the fusion of clusters of somatic gonadal precursor cells (SGPs) and their ensheathment of
191 o form a gonad, germ cells (GCs) and somatic gonadal precursor cells (SGPs) must migrate to the corre
195 sets differential cell affinity for somatic gonadal precursors to specify stromal intermingled cells
198 Dmrt1 is expressed in the genital ridge (the gonadal primordium) in both sexes and then becomes testi
199 , which localizes adjacent to the developing gonadal primordium, is required to prevent the SGPs from
200 genetic events that lead to formation of the gonadal primordium, we generated transgenic strains to l
206 way, and expressed LHCGR and GNRHR, encoding gonadal receptors, at levels that were more than 100 tim
211 in a cellular model of the rat embryonic XY gonadal ridge) was reduced by 2-fold relative to wild-ty
212 ertoli cell differentiation in the embryonic gonadal ridge, is initiated by SRY, a Y-encoded architec
213 the differential effects of male and female gonadal secretions (commonly referred to as sex hormones
214 cs" mixture during embryonic days 8 to 14 of gonadal sex determination and the incidence of adult ons
215 distinct between germ cells at the onset of gonadal sex determination at embryonic day 13 (E13) and
216 an F0 gestating female rat during embryonic gonadal sex determination, the F1 and F3 generation prog
220 ally dimorphic expression pattern, preceding gonadal sex differentiation, and is capable of respondin
223 ne (ESR2) polymorphism rs2978381, one of two gonadal sex hormone genes, significantly mitigate the ne
225 ctively, these studies establish that female gonadal sex hormones underlie the sexual dimorphic diffe
226 , and competing regulatory networks maintain gonadal sex long after the fetal choice between male and
228 hat mice lacking Gadd45gamma also exhibit XY gonadal sex reversal caused by disruption to Sry express
230 of the kinase MAP3K4 causes mouse embryonic gonadal sex reversal due to reduced expression of the te
231 the actions of gonadal hormones, we induced gonadal sex reversal to alter the hormonal environment o
236 secreted VPR-1 MSPd acts at least in part on gonadal sheath cell precursors in L1 to early L2 stage h
237 ling, protein kinase A (PKA), is required in gonadal sheath cells for oocyte meiotic maturation and d
242 for transplantation of PGCs aggregated with gonadal somatic cells and showed that reconstituted ovar
243 ctivation of p38 MAPK signaling in embryonic gonadal somatic cells for testis determination in the mo
244 fficient to promote a male identity in adult gonadal somatic cells suggests that the sexual identity
245 demonstrate the presence of a functional non-gonadal somatic piRNA pathway in the adult fat body that
246 cells outside the gonads, the role of a non-gonadal somatic piRNA pathway is not well characterized.
247 This defense system acts in germline and gonadal somatic tissue to preserve germline development.
251 that Drosophila p53 is selectively active in gonadal stem cells after exposure to stressors that dest
252 reproductive axis is primarily regulated by gonadal steroid and circadian cues, but the starvation-s
253 n regressed oviducts (P<0.001) demonstrating gonadal steroid control, typical of an oviduct and egg s
255 s, uncovering of X chromosome mutations, and gonadal steroid deficiency may all contribute to altered
256 Part of the sex difference, but not the gonadal steroid dependence, resulted from differential p
257 ostaglandin signal to mate and show that the gonadal steroid DHP modulates mRNA levels of the putativ
258 In mice, we used gonadectomy to eliminate gonadal steroid hormone-dependent expression of AVP in t
259 male mice after castration is independent of gonadal steroid hormones and their receptors; thus, we h
263 , the investigation into sex differences and gonadal steroid modulation of sleep and biological rhyth
264 serelin acetate, which suppresses endogenous gonadal steroid production, and were randomized to treat
266 er observed that exogenous RFRP-3 suppresses gonadal steroidogenesis and mating behavior in NMRs give
268 on/development in NMRs, we quantified plasma gonadal steroids and GnRH-1- and kisspeptin-immunoreacti
269 sleep are also reported to be independent of gonadal steroids and may involve sex chromosome compleme
276 Pharmacological inhibition of Dnmts mimicked gonadal steroids, resulting in masculinized neuronal mar
277 ale sexual behavior is highly dependent upon gonadal steroids, sexual behavior in a large proportion
278 RH pulsatile secretion, negative feedback by gonadal steroids, the onset of puberty, and the ovulator
281 in 3-week-old Mrp4(-/-) mice, disruption of gonadal testosterone production up-regulates hepatic Cyp
282 atic bud initiation lags behind the onset of gonadal testosterone synthesis by about three days.
284 ation and corrected the abnormalities in the gonadal, thyroid, growth hormone, and adrenal axes.
285 Cryopreservation and transplantation of gonadal tissue in both males and females remains experim
288 duces robust wasting of adipose, muscle, and gonadal tissues that are distant from the tumor, phenoty
289 dhesion system that connects the uterine and gonadal tissues through their juxtaposed BMs at the site
290 pregnenolone, is synthesized in adrenal and gonadal tissues to initiate steroid synthesis by catalyz
293 omparative evaluation of long-term renal and gonadal toxicity is crucial to decisions regarding futur
294 of HL provides well-grounded information on gonadal toxicity of currently used treatment regimens an
298 I-III ovarian, I-II extragonadal, or stage I gonadal tumors with subsequent recurrence) received thre
301 t VEGFA expression was lower in inguinal and gonadal white adipose tissues of ESR1 total body knockou
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