ライフサイエンスコーパス: grounding

1 entity recognition (NER) and normalization (grounding).

2 d data-driven characterization and empirical grounding.

3 ication, segmentation, detection, and phrase grounding.

4 e been placed at risk with little scientific grounding.

5 der to keep airspace open and avoid aircraft groundings.

6 rences in their theoretical and experimental groundings.

7 ntly, electrostatic damage can be avoided by grounding a Pt electrode and nearby objects, most import

8 Term identification is the task of grounding ambiguous mentions of biomedical named entitie

9 onceptual knowledge, their use of multimodal grounding, and the interactive, social nature of their i

10 f a century ago moved archaeology forward by grounding archaeological remains in time, LiDAR is provi

11 Grounding autonomous behavior in the nervous system is a

12 ting a role for attributes of the stimuli in grounding average preferences.

13 chitecture and function-for spoken language, grounding cognitive models of speech perception and prod

14 mation has been tabulated; figures reinforce grounding concepts and reveal a framework within which t

15 e fared comparatively well across locations, grounding efforts in what is possible under current and

16 atly surpasses an LLM's native capability of grounding entities with unique identifiers.

17 By grounding evaluation and monitoring in these principles,

18 hat the results here may act as an excellent grounding for better understanding (1)pisigma* driven dy

19 age models (LLMs) challenge the necessity of grounding for concept formation: whether LLMs without gr

20 cation in mathematics and physics was a good grounding for graduate studies in crystallographic studi

21 s other disciplines now provides substantial grounding for the 'complex contagion' of behaviours.

22 Here we provide theoretical grounding for this relationship.

23 Throughout his life, family was his central grounding force.

24 namics in distributed brain networks and for grounding future experimental studies in well-defined be

25 rehensive meta-analytic mapping of the LPFC, grounding future hypothesis generation on a quantitative

26 f New York (CCNY) made a solid and priceless grounding in chemistry and biology available free of cha

27 gion has steadily expanded from its original grounding in epidemic disease to describe a vast array o

28 Our prosocial approach with its robust grounding in human psychology might complement prior int

29 hese findings provide, for the first time, a grounding in pathology for gold standard behavior-based

30 es in well informed decision-making requires grounding in perspectives of comparison.

31 cal assessment of disorders now have a solid grounding in systems neuroscience.

32 ctroosmotic (EO) flow pump, a polyacrylamide grounding interface, and a nanoliter-to-picoliter pipet

33 features-consistent with parts-based models-grounding investigation of how the presence of a face is

34 Lake et al. point out that grounding learning in general principles of embodied per

35 ceptible to runaway retreat triggered at the grounding line (GL) at which the glacier reaches the oce

36 nt the short and long-term migrations of the grounding line (GL) of Berry Glacier, West Antarctica, a

37 continental ice from Antarctica reaches the grounding line and begins to float, its underside melts

38 ars ago), triggers an earlier retreat of the grounding line and leads to millennial-scale variability

39 the ocean has been demonstrated close to the grounding line and near the calving front.

40 ungrounding and retreat can occur where the grounding line approaches full buoyancy.

41 nding-line history, but the locations of the grounding line before the advent of satellite monitoring

42 Model grounding line behavior across all major Antarctic catch

43 s ribs, potentially causing migration of the grounding line by changes in basal resistance in its vic

44 ice-shelf channels is seeded upstream of the grounding line by large basal obstacles indenting the ic

45 l, we calculate a rate of ice removal at the grounding line by the ocean that increased from 108 m/y

46 ial lake activity influences ice sheet flow, grounding line discharge and ice shelf basal melting.

47 ere significantly positively correlated with grounding line discharge anomalies; however, the strengt

48 he rise and fall of the retreating ice sheet grounding line during successive tidal cycles.

49 This implies that the grounding line here is sensitive to future changes in su

50 ness, and ice velocity data to calculate the grounding line ice discharge of 176 basins draining the

51 hat penetrate up to 1000 kilometers from the grounding line into the interior of the ice sheet.

52 The stability of a low-latitude ice grounding line is consistent with the strong hysteresis

53 The ice thickness at the grounding line is greater than that of floating ice in h

54 ts and show a projected negative feedback in grounding line migration of 38% for Thwaites Glacier 350

55 a. 4 Myr with less than 10 m of vertical ice grounding line motion through glacial advance-retreat cy

56 f basal ice melt, or runoff draining via the grounding line of a deep ice shelf or marine-terminating

57 Sea-level fall near the grounding line of a retreating marine ice sheet has a st

58 Delineating the grounding line of marine-terminating glaciers-where ice

59 logic and modeled evidence suggests that the grounding line of the Siple Coast of the West Antarctic

60 previously unknown subglacial lake near the grounding line of Whillans Ice Stream is observed to dra

61 of the ice during the gLGM and of subsequent grounding line oscillations during the early phase of T1

62 oach to map the tidal-induced variability in grounding line position around Antarctica in 22,935 inte

63 veral hundreds of km inland from its present grounding line position, highlighting the potential for

64 s that control their ice shelf weakening and grounding line retreat are not well understood.

65 Ice flow and grounding line retreat are variably governed by the coup

66 contributed to Thwaites' rapid thinning and grounding line retreat during that period.

67 constructions, and indicate that synchronous grounding line retreat from west of Ross Island to the S

68 gued to reflect marine downdraw triggered by grounding line retreat into Hercules Inlet.

69 Furthermore, once grounding line retreat is under way, readvance is rarely

70 ease from 105 m/y to 217 m/y, for a combined grounding line retreat of 13 km in 41 y that matches ind

71 locities tripling, thinning up to 160 m, and grounding line retreat of 7.5 km, while others reacted d

72 ka BP, with this study confirming continued grounding line retreat to ~100 km from the shelf edge by

73 esses are key to future ice shelf stability, grounding line retreat, and sea level contributions from

74 in Antarctica, thereby forcing ice melting, grounding line retreat, and sea level rise.

75 rograde seabed, which together drove initial grounding line retreat.

76 ice shelves for disintegration and enhances grounding line retreat.

77 e shelf, and constrain the date at which the grounding line retreated from a prominent seafloor ridge

78 This grounding line reversal has been attributed to both chan

79 egime shift is the most likely cause of this grounding line reversal, but that GIA influences the rat

80 firm the dominant role of oceanic forcing in grounding line stability and ice-shelf break up.

81 one dictates the grounding-line ice flux and grounding line stability, whereas the inferred viscosity

82 rm Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW) reaching the grounding line through favorable bathymetry channels, co

83 In another set of simulations, we force the grounding line to retreat into Thwaites' deeper basin to

84 ity (MISI), a self-sustaining retreat of the grounding line triggered by oceanic or atmospheric chang

85 late that the eskers' size grows towards the grounding line where deposition rates are maximum.

86 Thus, the grounding line will tend to remain in the same location

87 Many of them originate near the grounding line, but their formation mechanisms remain po

88 t strongly increases (46%), notably near the grounding line, in better agreement with in-situ and sat

89 Ocean-induced removal of ice at the grounding line, modulated by bathymetric barriers, is th

90 ounding zone wedges indicates a quasi-stable grounding line, which was fronted by an ice shelf.

91 ice dynamics as well as the position of the grounding line-the location where ice starts to float.

92 hat unstable and irreversible retreat of the grounding line-which marks the boundary between grounded

93 ip terminates at the ice stream edge and the grounding line.

94 en the ice and stabilize the position of the grounding line.

95 r Deep Water origin melts basal ice near its grounding line.

96 bglacial Basin, 350-550 kilometres from this grounding line.

97 doubled, and calving is now occurring at its grounding line.

98 en Glacier, within 150 kilometres of today's grounding line; and deep within the Sabrina Subglacial B

99 rthern Hemisphere sea-level forcing enhances grounding-line advance and associated mass gain of the A

100 Our observation is that grounding-line deposition serves to thicken the ice and

101 h-resolution nesting with a new treatment of grounding-line dynamics and ice-shelf buttressing to sim

102 e triggered a retreat that opened a ~ 200-km grounding-line embayment on the Whales Deep Basin (WDB)

103 g satellite measurements of calving flux and grounding-line flux, modelled ice-shelf snow accumulatio

104 ent retreat requires a detailed knowledge of grounding-line history, but the locations of the groundi

105 xponent near the grounding zone dictates the grounding-line ice flux and grounding line stability, wh

106 A suite of grounding-line landforms on the Antarctic seafloor, imag

107 Southward grounding-line migration was dated past three locations

108 volume of the GZW cluster suggests that the grounding-line position of the paleo-Bindschadler Ice St

109 eventually retreated 1000 km to the current grounding-line position on the inner shelf.

110 th sufficient spatial resolution to simulate grounding-line processes have been too computationally e

111 far exceed all previously reported rates of grounding-line retreat across the satellite(3,4,6,7) and

112 which acceleration can initiate or modulate grounding-line retreat and ice loss.

113 mass gain of the AIS during glaciation, and grounding-line retreat and mass loss during deglaciation

114 imiting our understanding of future rates of grounding-line retreat and, hence, sea-level rise.

115 Rates of ice-sheet grounding-line retreat can be quantified from the spacin

116 inciples show that pulses of similarly rapid grounding-line retreat could occur across low-gradient A

117 helves helps to stabilize ice sheets against grounding-line retreat in response to a rise in relative

118 The past speedup is largely due to grounding-line retreat in response to ocean-induced thin

119 bglacial water could trigger or facilitate a grounding-line retreat in Thwaites Glacier capable of sp

120 Grounding-line retreat is estimated to have averaged bet

121 In particular, a history of grounding-line retreat is required to understand the rel

122 lacier, and that rapid and possibly unstable grounding-line retreat may be associated with relatively

123 bsequent punctuated large-distance ( 200 km) grounding-line retreat may have been a highly non-linear

124 Current grounding-line retreat may reflect ongoing ice recession

125 nhouse gas forcing is thought to have caused grounding-line retreat of marine-based sectors of the An

126 Grounding-line retreat rates of 40 to 50 meters per day

127 -Ronne and Ross ice shelves, which initiates grounding-line retreat there.

128 Grounding-line retreat took place between 20.3 and 15.2

129 ing of the ridges shows that pulses of rapid grounding-line retreat, at rates ranging from 55 to 610

130 ld to elapsed time for measured distances of grounding-line retreat.

131 We report on the discovery of a grounding-line sedimentary wedge ("till delta") deposite

132 distributed subglacial till deformation, and grounding-line sedimentation, which have important impli

133 plain the recent speedup, independent of the grounding-line, melt-driven processes responsible for pa

134 ng over short time scales close to ice-sheet grounding lines (areas where the ice becomes afloat).

135 the Last Glacial Maximum is best known, with grounding lines advancing to the continental-shelf edges

136 both glacial and interglacial periods, with grounding lines and fringing ice shelves extending onto

137 The region's future, when glaciers reach grounding lines and iceberg production diminishes, is as

138 esponse to ice shelf changes with retreating grounding lines and increased ice discharge.

139 deltas that reduce water depth, stabilizing grounding lines and slowing or reversing glacial retreat

140 often cluster a few kilometres down-ice from grounding lines and ~60% (>80% by area) develop on ice s

141 The pathways of mCDW towards grounding lines are crucial as they directly control the

142 erienced by large outlet glaciers near their grounding lines are far higher than generally assumed.

143 Grounding lines are several hundred metres below sea lev

144 evolves and the extent to which marine-based grounding lines are stable.

145 der components that automatically delineates grounding lines at a large scale, efficiently, and accom

146 waters reaching the Pine Island and Thwaites grounding lines follow specific, topographically-constra

147 rctic Ice Sheet if ice shelves that buttress grounding lines more than 800 metres below sea level are

148 tially enhanced by internal instability from grounding lines near retrograde bed slopes.

149 iations range from full glacial extents with grounding lines near the continental shelf break, interm

150 equilibrium, which justifies the need to map grounding lines repeatedly and comprehensively to inform

151 ects(8), suggesting that the response of AIS grounding lines to Northern Hemisphere sea-level forcing

152 Our procedure detects grounding lines within 232 m in 100-m posting interferog

153 ng high ice shelf melting near the ice sheet grounding lines, accelerating ice flow, and controlling

154 Where deep water has direct access to grounding lines, glaciers and ice shelves are vulnerable

155 Greenland, has intensified on key Antarctic grounding lines, has endured for decades after ice-shelf

156 d strong ocean thermal forcing on their deep grounding lines.

157 s less impacted by fault type, neutral point grounding mode, and transition resistance.

158 Over the next two decades, grounding neurological research in public health and epi

159 for concept formation: whether LLMs without grounding nevertheless exhibit human-like representation

160 4Np-6Np provides an example of experimental grounding of 5f- vs 5f- and 5f- vs 4f-element bonding an

161 portunity arose as a result of the three-day grounding of all commercial aircraft in the United State

162 s additional deliberations on the functional grounding of Hulleman & Olivers' (H&O's) functional view

163 The arrival and grounding of Iceberg B9B in Commonwealth Bay in March 20

164 occurred at this site in the past after the grounding of Iceberg B9B.

165 The grounding of our approach in physical fragmentation even

166 These results suggest a grounding of symptoms of social anxiety disorder in more

167 and responses, suggesting the visual-spatial grounding of temporal semantics, at least in the native

168 ness to pre-pandemic V. cholerae, leading to grounding of the element in the chromosome and propagati

169 relationships and (2) simultaneously pursue grounding of the mechanistic underpinnings of found asso

170 We demonstrate that the straightforward grounding of the transfer line removes the influence of

171 experiment was facilitated by the temporary grounding of two immense icebergs that (i) erected a ver

172 Grounding on unbiased proteomic analysis, we report here

173 Here we present new evidence of ice-shelf groundings on bathymetric highs in the central Arctic Oc

174 f of Hudson Bay storm encounters resulted in groundings on Caribbean islands.

175 is deeply affected by parcellation and that grounding one's parcellation in a functionally informed

176 After grounding our argument in a discussion of stochastic noi

177 le accounting for imperfect observations and grounding our findings in species-level range dynamics.

178 ncluded (1) a second-degree skin burn at the grounding pad site, (2) transient bowel and bladder inco

179 s including impedance, voltage, current, and grounding pad temperature.

180 lectrodes in the system, one as the upstream grounding point and the other as the emitter electrode,

181 l bore-through union serving as the upstream grounding point in a floated electrospray emitter system

182 and auxiliary electrodes, and current at the grounding points upstream and downstream of the emitter

183 ural coding has little to do with the symbol grounding problem.

184 nts, while sidestepping the notorious symbol grounding problem.

185 demonstrates how therapeutic change occurs, grounding psychotherapy in brain science.

186 pportunities for social epidemiology include grounding research in theoretically based and systemic c

187 ing surgery, having multiple referencing and grounding schemes available to de-noise recordings (if n

188 in the DN and thus directly support theories grounding selfhood in the neural monitoring of visceral

189 ll aim to increase realism and generality by grounding SOM models in eco-evolutionary theory and intr

190 cience applications, but lacking ontological grounding, subsequently hindering the interoperability n

191 ogical studies, we may develop a theoretical grounding that allows us to improve the application of i

192 al sources to supplement the initial prompt, grounding the model's response in relevant information.

193 Here, we argue for the advantages of grounding the psychological dynamics described in the mo

194 The paper therefore proposes grounding the study of decision making under uncertainty

195 ing computational efficiency with literature grounding, the approach provides a practical tool for pr

196 our findings motivate a need for explicitly grounding theories of decision-making on ergodic conside

197 d new strategies for improving reasoning and grounding through ensemble refinement and chain of retri

198 All this brings social behavioral grounding to cognitive neuroscience.

199 hods, including named entity recognition and grounding to domain ontologies covering a wide range of

200 ons lack the raw performance and statistical grounding to efficiently handle the numerous modificatio

201 age approach is unbiased, providing a formal grounding to the approach, clarifying the limits of its

202 This long duration grounding was probably facilitated by rapid GZW growth.

203 When the grounding was removed or when broadband electromagnetic

204 To provide mechanistic grounding, we quantify how density-dependent mortality e

205 The inferred stress exponent near the grounding zone dictates the grounding-line ice flux and

206 which may, to some degree, mark the depth of grounding zone ice across all ice shelves.

207 a response to surface warming rather than to grounding zone instability, strengthening the idea that

208 The ice grounding zone is 6 km wide in the central part of Thwai

209 rom a hot-water-drilled access hole-that the grounding zone of Thwaites Eastern Ice Shelf (TEIS) is c

210 ady retreated to within ~45 km of the modern grounding zone prior to ca. 9,400 y ago.

211 ted in 2006 reveal a large, arcuate, complex grounding zone sediment system at the front of Crane Fjo

212 of the fjord suggest that the Crane Glacier grounding zone was well within the fjord before 2002 and

213 deposited a voluminous stack of overlapping grounding zone wedges (GZWs) on the outer shelf of the W

214 The presence of a series of grounding zone wedges indicates a quasi-stable grounding

215 sions beneath grounded ice that form an "Ice Grounding Zone" (IGZ) where ice melts vigorously.

216 cier at the base of its ice shelf and at the grounding zone, contributing to significant ice retreat.

217 ected in March-June 2023, we document an ice grounding zone, or region of tidally controlled migratio

218 the surface slope of feeder glaciers at the grounding zone, resulting in both variable surface accum

219 ed in the ocean cavity at the Ross Ice Shelf grounding zone.

220 with six of these located within 8 km of the grounding zone.

221 lowline modelling, indicate formation at the grounding zone.

222 influence by triggering rapid changes at the grounding zone.

223 In comparison with the modern grounding-zone dynamics, this paleo-perspective provides

224 cean conditions and basal melting within the grounding-zone region where Thwaites Glacier first goes

225 y more distal conditions, suggesting ongoing grounding-zone retreat since the 1950s.

226 rom a backstepping succession of small-scale grounding-zone ridges that formed on the embayment's eas

227 of ice sheet retreat rates from a complex of grounding-zone wedges on the Larsen continental shelf, w

228 elf, in West Antarctica, we demonstrate that grounding zones are one order magnitude (13.3 3.9) wider

229 An updated representation of grounding zones in ice sheet models including seawater i

230 Melting in the grounding zones is found to be much higher than steady-s

231 Ocean conditions near the grounding zones of Antarctica's ice shelves play a key r

232 When grounding zones of glaciers retreat onto such slopes, th

233 magnitude is not well known in the critical grounding zones of the ASE's major glaciers.

234 The present-day grounding zones of the Pine Island and Thwaites glaciers

235 ce ocean circulation and mixing at ice shelf grounding zones to an extent previously unknown.

236 Grounding zones, where ice sheets transition between res