ライフサイエンスコーパス: guar

1 l residents and the scientific community off-guard.

2 pective cohort study of the US Army National Guard (2009-2014).

3 ctive contribution through which hepatocytes guard against aberrant cytosolic RLR-RNA-sensing pathway

4 of nuclear waste repositories in salt should guard against deformation-driven fluid percolation.

5 hip to help maintain glucose homeostasis and guard against hypoglycemia.

6 nown about how central nervous system tumors guard against immune eradication.

7 ta indicate that Cdc45 serves as a shield to guard against occasional slippage of the leading strand

8 a three-dimensional (3D) optical lattice to guard against on-site interaction shifts.

9 between polymorphic alleles, Dmc1 must also guard against recombination between divergent sequences.

10 ceptor, supports circadian clock function to guard against the detrimental effects of circadian stres

11 gnizing issues that need to be considered to guard against time-driven confounders.

12 GCR are physiologically relevant events that guard against wasteful oxygen consumption and inappropri

13 Xanthan, locust bean, guar and carboxy methyl cellulose significantly enhanced

14 pulating cell-specific metabolism, including guard and mesophyll cells, in order to elucidate mesophy

15 e effective than non-lethal strategies, with guard animals showing the most potential among the non-l

16 sociated with three types of hair follicles, guard, awl/auchene and zigzag, serve as mechanosensory e

17 ces between African and European forager and guard bees are depleted in widely conserved genes, indic

18 e SLIM by rf fields in conjunction with a DC guard bias, enabling essentially lossless TW transmissio

19 bsequently caught ill-prepared societies off-guard-Bubonic plague in medieval times, AIDS in the 1980

20 nformation for management of discarded stain-guard carpets in landfills.

21 While DELLA had no effect on ABA levels, guard cell ABA responsiveness was increased in S-della a

22 matal aperture, this occurs by accessing the guard cell ABA signaling pathway.

23 2.6 (SnRK2.6), a protein kinase involved in guard cell ABA signaling, was able to phosphorylate a cy

24 ces stomatal closure via QUAC1/ALMT12 and/or guard cell ABA synthesis.

25 to darkness is mediated by reorganisation of guard cell actin filaments, a process that is finely tun

26 the hormone that leads to the activation of guard cell anion channels by the protein kinase OPEN STO

27 sumption and stress tolerance by controlling guard cell aperture and other protective responses.

28 the molecular basis for circadian control of guard cell aperture, we used large-scale qRT-PCR to comp

29 extracellular ATP and of leaf mesophyll and guard cell chloroplasts during light-to-low-intensity bl

30 These data suggest that guard cell CO2 and ABA signal transduction are not direc

31 bitors and suggest a mechanism through which guard cell CO2 signaling controls plant water management

32 H LEAF TEMPERATURE 1 (HT1)-a central node in guard cell CO2 signaling-and that MPK12 functions as an

33 ts and on the pairwise relationships between guard cell components.

34 This process is mainly regulated by guard cell control of the stomatal aperture, but recent

35 tants to explore the impact of clustering on guard cell dynamics, gas exchange, and ion transport of

36 ulose and xyloglucan are required for normal guard cell dynamics.

37 ls and stomatal responses require reversible guard cell elongation and contraction.

38 mechanical, pectin-based pinning down of the guard cell ends, which restricts increase of stomatal co

39 digesting enzymes, coupled with bioassay of guard cell function) plus modeling lead us to propose th

40 highlight the role of polar reinforcement in guard cell function, which simultaneously improves our u

41 electrophysiological activities required for guard cell function.

42 cal link between OsGRXS17, the modulation of guard cell H2O2 concentrations, and stomatal closure, ex

43 ]i oscillations and analyze their origins in guard cell homeostasis and membrane transport.

44 tool with which to explore the links between guard cell homeostasis, stomatal dynamics, and foliar tr

45 nel by the protein kinases OPEN STOMATA1 and GUARD CELL HYDROGEN PEROXIDE-RESISTANT1 (GHR1) in Xenopu

46 ctors can utilize intrinsic HDAC activity to guard cell identity by repressing lineage-inappropriate

47 hesis and signalling with K(+) nutrition and guard cell K(+) channel activities have not been fully e

48 ing potassium (K(+) ) nutrition and a robust guard cell K(+) inward channel activity is considered cr

49 e xyloglucan, stomatal apertures, changes in guard cell length, and cellulose reorganization were abe

50 ease in ABA biosynthesis specifically in the guard cell lineage.

51 s, promotes rosette expansion, and modulates guard cell mechanics in adult plants.

52 y, CO2, and light, but without connection to guard cell mechanics.

53 Guard cell membrane transport is integral to controlling

54 ly well understood, whereas our knowledge of guard cell metabolism remains limited, despite several d

55 ints to multiple processes and plasticity in guard cell metabolism that enable these cells to functio

56 rther exploring and potentially manipulating guard cell metabolism to improve plant water use and pro

57 Therefore, analysis of guard cell metabolites is fundamental for elucidation of

58 than the wild type, reduced light-dependent guard cell opening, and reduced water loss, with aw havi

59 Moreover, the differences in guard cell oscillator function may be important for the

60 misexpressed CCA1 Our results show that the guard cell oscillator is different from the average plan

61 FOCL1-GFP localizes to the guard cell outer cuticular ledge and plants lacking FOCL

62 The regulation of the GORK (Guard Cell Outward Rectifying) Shaker channel mediating

63 ata and developed a biomechanical model of a guard cell pair.

64 red stomatal closure requires an increase in guard cell permeability to water and possibly hydrogen p

65 The role of guard cell photosynthesis in stomatal conductance respon

66 e the possible origins of sucrose, including guard cell photosynthesis, and discuss new evidence that

67 l transduction are not directly modulated by guard cell photosynthesis/electron transport.

68 crease in osmotic water permeability (Pf) of guard cell protoplasts and an accumulation of reactive o

69 of PIP2;1 constitutively enhanced the Pf of guard cell protoplasts while suppressing its ABA-depende

70 ic signatures in response to ABA in B. napus guard cell protoplasts.

71 Activation of the guard cell S-type anion channel SLAC1 is important for s

72 ew functional role of small GTPase, NOG1, in guard cell signaling and early plant defense in response

73 Specially, NOG1-2 regulates guard cell signaling in response to biotic and abiotic s

74 etabolites is fundamental for elucidation of guard cell signaling pathways.

75 posttranslational modifications to fine-tune guard cell signaling.

76 e signalling pathways of abiotic stress, but guard cell signalling in response to microbes is a relat

77 t of histidine phosphotransferases (AHPs) in guard cell signalling remain to be fully elucidated.

78 A lack of correlation between guard cell size and DNA content, lack of arabinans in ce

79 ed with trichome branch number increases and guard cell size increases, respectively.

80 Evidence from fossil guard cell size suggests that polyploidy in Sequoia date

81 a constitutively active chlorophyllase in a guard cell specific enhancer trap line.

82 Our results show that guard cell starch degradation has an important role in p

83 cs to define the mechanism and regulation of guard cell starch metabolism, showing it to be mediated

84 onsistent with its known daytime role in the guard cell stroma.

85 transport, metabolism, and signaling of the guard cell to define the water relations and transpirati

86 s, and plasma membrane channels that control guard cell turgor pressure.

87 guard cells is critical for energization and guard cell turgor production.

88 Our results show that guard cell vacuolar accumulation of K(+) is a requiremen

89 w that Wortmannin also induced the fusion of guard cell vacuoles in fava beans, where vacuoles are na

90 ends on changes in osmolyte concentration of guard cell vacuoles, specifically of K(+) and Mal(2-) Ef

91 tic solutes that drive reversible changes in guard cell volume and turgor.

92 re governed by osmotically driven changes in guard cell volume, the role of membrane water channels (

93 Combined experimental data (analysis of guard cell wall epitopes and treatment of tissue with ce

94 Hence, PME34 is required for regulating guard cell wall flexibility to mediate the heat response

95 Restoration of PME6 rescues guard cell wall pectin methyl-esterification status, sto

96 function reflects a mechanical change in the guard cell wall.

97 these results provide new insights into how guard cell walls allow stomata to function as responsive

98 ological and genetic analyses to investigate guard cell walls and their relationship to stomatal func

99 xible, but how the structure and dynamics of guard cell walls enable stomatal function remains poorly

100 chanisms for how stomatal pores form and how guard cell walls facilitate dynamic stomatal responses r

101 e signals suggesting that the flexibility of guard cell walls is impaired.

102 at are driven by changes in turgor pressure, guard cell walls must be both strong and flexible, but h

103 opening, we have generated SGC (specifically guard cell) Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants in

104 nstrated that ABA induces DES1 expression in guard cell-enriched RNA extracts from wild-type Arabidop

105 matal aperture through its inhibition of the guard cell-expressed KAT2 and KAT1 channels.

106 We combine several approaches to identify a guard cell-expressed target.

107 We have characterized FOCL1, a guard cell-expressed, secreted protein with homology to

108 most likely autonomous pools: a constitutive guard cell-specific pool and a facultative environmental

109 transport across the membrane system of the guard cell.

110 lies on quantitative systems analysis of the guard cell.

111 scale investigation into changes in stomatal guard-cell length and use these data to infer changes in

112 In this study, Brassica napus guard-cell proteins altered by redox in response to absc

113 Although the guard-cell-signaling pathway coupling blue light percept

114 Expressing S-della under the control of a guard-cell-specific promoter was sufficient to increase

115 ) was overexpressed under the control of the guard-cell-specific promoter, GC1.

116 Guard cells (GCs) display transcriptional memory that is

117 ary cells (SCs) flanking two dumbbell-shaped guard cells (GCs)-is linked to improved stomatal physiol

118 We measured guard cells across the genera with stomata to assess dev

119 A new study makes it clear that guard cells also metabolise starch to accelerate opening

120 Stomatal pores are formed between a pair of guard cells and allow plant uptake of CO2 and water evap

121 ced phospholipid uptake at the root tips and guard cells and are affected in growth and transpiration

122 maximal in the mesophyll compared with both guard cells and bundle sheath.

123 localized synthesis of stilbenes in stomata guard cells and cell walls is induced by P. viticola inf

124 Guard cells and epidermal cells of hornworts show striki

125 coronatine, which blocks the functioning of guard cells and forces stomata to reopen.

126 receptor JAZ2 is constitutively expressed in guard cells and modulates stomatal dynamics during bacte

127 ase gene, PME6, which is highly expressed in guard cells and required for stomatal function.

128 K(+) channels of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) guard cells and show its close parallel with stomatal cl

129 n involves limited separation between sister guard cells and stomatal responses require reversible gu

130 was observed in the whole stomatal complex (guard cells and subsidiary cells), root vasculature, and

131 establish a link between gene expression in guard cells and their cell wall properties, with a corre

132 ases in response to low humidity and NaCl in guard cells and to NaCl and osmotic stress in roots and

133 l closing and whether starch biosynthesis in guard cells and/or mesophyll cells is rate limiting for

134 Although it has long been observed that guard cells are anisotropic due to differential thickeni

135 The focl1 guard cells are larger and less able to reduce the apert

136 Stomatal guard cells are pairs of specialized epidermal cells tha

137 Here, we show that the walls of guard cells are rich in un-esterified pectins.

138 Stomatal guard cells are widely recognized as the premier plant c

139 orms the basis of using the size of stomatal guard cells as a proxy to track changes in plant genome

140 acylglycerols (TAGs), present in Arabidopsis guard cells as lipid droplets (LDs), are involved in lig

141 Starch is present in guard cells at the end of night, unlike in the rest of t

142 e [ADGase]) or retain starch accumulation in guard cells but are starch deficient in mesophyll cells

143 did not, showing that starch biosynthesis in guard cells but not mesophyll functions in CO2-induced s

144 rd type of CPK, CPK13, which is expressed in guard cells but whose role is still unknown.

145 els of flavonols are positively regulated in guard cells by ethylene treatment in the wild type, but

146 diating a massive K(+) efflux in Arabidopsis guard cells by the phosphatase AtPP2CA was investigated.

147 Guard cells collapse inwardly, increase in surface area,

148 pare circadian oscillator gene expression in guard cells compared with the "average" whole-leaf oscil

149 The rapidity of gs in dumbbell-shaped guard cells could be attributed to size, whilst in ellip

150 Guard cells determine stomatal aperture and must operate

151 utside inwardly and continues to do so after guard cells die and collapse.

152 tomic force microscopy, that although mature guard cells display a radial gradient of stiffness, this

153 Guard cells dynamically adjust their shape in order to r

154 In silico analysis revealed that guard cells express all the genes required for beta-oxid

155 ributed to size, whilst in elliptical-shaped guard cells features other than anatomy were more import

156 meeting these challenges and to engineering guard cells for improved water use efficiency and agricu

157 Guard cells form stomatal pores that optimize photosynth

158 appear unchanged at the transcript level in guard cells from C3 and C4 species, but major variations

159 ne Ontology terms previously associated with guard cells from the C3 model Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis t

160 After the rapid H(+) efflux, the Col-0 guard cells had a longer oscillation period than before

161 pme6-1 mutant guard cells have walls enriched in methyl-esterified pec

162 REDUCTASE (NR)-mediated nitric oxide (NO) in guard cells in an abscisic acid (ABA)-independent manner

163 Here, we characterize transcriptomes from guard cells in C3 Tareneya hassleriana and C4 Gynandrops

164 as physiological characteristics of stomatal guard cells in order to accelerate stomatal movements in

165 ed [Ca(2+)]cyt oscillations in epidermal and guard cells in response to the fungal elicitor chitin.

166 Decreased flavonols in guard cells in the anthocyanin reduced (are) mutant and

167 ion across the bundle sheath, mesophyll, and guard cells in the C4 leaf.

168 to the characteristic patterning of stomatal guard cells in the context of a growing leaf.

169 The position of guard cells in the epidermis is ideally suited for cellu

170 The shape of the guard cells influenced the rapidity of response and the

171 e found that irreversible differentiation of guard cells involves RETINOBLASTOMA-RELATED (RBR) recrui

172 d phenotype, suggests that photosynthesis in guard cells is critical for energization and guard cell

173 ledge on CO2 signal transduction in stomatal guard cells is limited.

174 take or release of ions and metabolites from guard cells is necessary to achieve normal stomatal func

175 leaves, suggesting that the SA signaling in guard cells may be independent from other cell types.

176 Flavonols accumulate in guard cells of Arabidopsis thaliana, but not surrounding

177 Guard cells of are show greater ABA-induced closure than

178 photosynthesis were more highly expressed in guard cells of C4 compared with C3 leaves.

179 quantitative analysis of starch turnover in guard cells of intact leaves during the diurnal cycle.

180 Reductions in LD abundance in guard cells of the lycophyte Selaginella suggest that TA

181 dants, higher levels of ROS were detected in guard cells of the tomato are mutant and lower levels we

182 e detected using a fluorescent ROS sensor in guard cells of transparent testa4-2, which has a null mu

183 rane ion fluxes of H(+) , Ca(2+) and K(+) in guard cells of wild-type (Col-0) Arabidopsis, the CORONA

184 sis plants that are chlorophyll-deficient in guard cells only, expressing a constitutively active chl

185 plants where ABA biosynthesis was rescued in guard cells or phloem companion cells of an ABA-deficien

186 sing genetic approaches, we show that ABA in guard cells or their precursors is sufficient to mediate

187 epted that differential radial thickening of guard cells plays an important role in the turgor-driven

188 chanism underlying CO(2) sensing in stomatal guard cells remains unclear.

189 Imaging cellulose organization in guard cells revealed a relatively uniform distribution o

190 Guard cells shrink and close stomatal pores when air hum

191 Stomatal guard cells surround pores in the epidermis of plant lea

192 olute accumulation by, and its loss from the guard cells surrounding the pore.

193 he regulatory networks and ion fluxes in the guard cells surrounding the stomatal pore [2].

194 but not JA-dependent response, is faster in guard cells than in whole leaves, suggesting that the SA

195 across the plasma and vacuolar membranes of guard cells that drive stomatal movements and the signal

196 enhanced disease susceptibility 1 (EDS1), in guard cells that form stomata.

197 Plant gas exchange is regulated by guard cells that form stomatal pores.

198 esponses to [CO2 ] and ABA are functional in guard cells that lack chlorophyll.

199 Each stomate is bordered by a pair of guard cells that shrink in response to drought and the a

200 other parts of the leaf rather than from the guard cells themselves.

201 on changes in turgor pressure acting within guard cells to alter cell shape [1].

202 ) increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) in guard cells to close Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)

203 port metabolomic responses of Brassica napus guard cells to elevated CO2 using three hyphenated metab

204 negative regulator of GA signaling, acts in guard cells to promote stomatal closure and reduce water

205 The importance of ABA biosynthesis in guard cells versus vasculature for whole-plant stomatal

206 , the H(+) efflux and Ca(2+) influx in Col-0 guard cells was impaired by vanadate pre-treatment or PM

207 Our data show that more than 90% of guard cells were chlorophyll-deficient.

208 A total of 358 metabolites from guard cells were quantified in a time-course response to

209 Stomata are formed by a pair of guard cells which have thickened, elastic cell walls to

210 division to differentiate highly specialized guard cells while maintaining a stem cell population [1,

211 In intact guard cells, abscisic acid (ABA) enhances (primes) the C

212 rane H(+)-ATPase AHA1 is highly expressed in guard cells, and its activation can induce stomatal open

213 The accumulation of flavonol antioxidants in guard cells, but not surrounding pavement cells, was vis

214 The stomata, formed by a pair of guard cells, dynamically increase and decrease their vol

215 ntified 390 distinct metabolites in B. napus guard cells, falling into diverse classes.

216 time-dependent outward potassium currents in guard cells, higher rates of water loss through transpir

217 d an elevation in H2O2 production within the guard cells, increased sensitivity to ABA, and a reducti

218 l responsible for the release of malate from guard cells, is essential for efficient stomatal closure

219 uate the current literature on metabolism in guard cells, particularly the roles of starch, sucrose,

220 While the function of mesophyll cells, guard cells, phloem companion cells and sieve elements a

221 ins were identified in ABA- and MeJA-treated guard cells, respectively.

222 In guard cells, starch is rapidly mobilized by the synergis

223 , this ion transport was abolished in coi1-1 guard cells, suggesting that MeJA-induced transmembrane

224 Plant guard cells, that form stomatal pores for gas exchange,

225 n the epidermal cells of the root tip and in guard cells, the latter of which regulate the size of st

226 Here, we report that, in Arabidopsis guard cells, the tonoplast-localized K(+)/H(+) exchanger

227 getative plants, BAM1 acts during the day in guard cells, whereas BAM3 is the dominant activity in me

228 ed in actin-dependent nuclear positioning in guard cells, whereas its paralogue SINE2 contributes to

229 Guard cells, which flank the stomata, undergo adjustment

230 through the development of a new cell type: guard cells, which form stomata.

231 the expression of other transporter genes in guard cells, which ultimately led to improved growth.

232 n accumulation of reactive oxygen species in guard cells, which were both abrogated in pip2;1 plants.

233 f stiffness, this is not present in immature guard cells, yet young stomata show a normal opening res

234 y a reduced accumulation of K(+) ions in the guard cells.

235 n of signal amplification and specificity in guard cells.

236 rimary and specialized metabolic pathways in guard cells.

237 regulation of salicylic acid (SA) pathway in guard cells.

238 dynamics, gas exchange, and ion transport of guard cells.

239 efense and is linked to hormone signaling in guard cells.

240 xpression from bundle sheath to mesophyll to guard cells.

241 idermal cells facilitating ion supply to the guard cells.

242 ll pores on plant leaves and stems formed by guard cells.

243 en by solute accumulation in the surrounding guard cells.

244 nflux and K(+) efflux across the PM of Col-0 guard cells.

245 he understanding of CO2 signaling pathway in guard cells.

246 g several pavement cells adjacent to the two guard cells.

247 a core pathway for CO(2) signalling in plant guard cells.

248 ith its function as an ABA efflux carrier in guard cells.

249 he control of nuclear sizes in trichomes and guard cells.

250 orters results in solute accumulation in the guard cells.

251 anism in ABA and MeJA signal transduction in guard cells.

252 on of NCED3, a key step of ABA synthesis, in guard cells.

253 which is expressed in expanding tissues and guard cells.

254 ced by abscisic acid and highly expressed in guard cells.

255 (C3 plants), bundle-sheath (C4 plants), and guard cells.

256 to plants increased flavonol accumulation in guard cells; however, no flavonol increases were observe

257 Within the circulatory system, platelets guard circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from immune elimina

258 3 microm, 2.1 x 150 mm) preceded by Atlantis guard column of matching chemistry.

259 oth were >300 V(p-p) RF (685 kHz) and 7-11 V guard DC bias.

260 ntrolled in the transversal direction by the guard DC potentials.

261 n with positive DC potentials on surrounding guard electrodes on each PCB.

262 ning RF on the rung electrodes and DC on the guard electrodes.

263 ency (RF) "rung" electrodes, bordered by DC "guard" electrodes.

264 fect of xanthan gum (XG) and enzyme-modified guar (EMG) gum mixtures on the physicochemical propertie

265 PRINCESS leverages Software Guard Extensions (SGX) and hardware for trustworthy comp

266 taining XG/EMG gum mixtures, compared to XG, guar (GG), and XG/GG gum mixtures.

267 Guar gum (1.5 wt %) with 4 wt % KF was chosen for furthe

268 g polydextrose (5%) and partially hydrolyzed guar gum (5%), was evaluated under accelerated condition

269 oodles, this was enhanced in SPS noodles and guar gum (GG) supplementation reduced CL of both noodles

270 using gum arabic (GA), partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG), and polydextrose (PD) as encapsulating

271 wed higher functional properties of lysozyme-guar gum conjugate.

272 PH) and 1.65-4.93AAE/g (reducing power) upon guar gum conjugation.

273 Conjugation with polysaccharides like guar gum may broaden its activity against gram negatives

274 Starch-guar gum mixtures were obtained by extrusion using a thr

275 Starch-guar gum samples showed expansion index and viscosity up

276 : 5.4 g), high amounts of soluble fiber from guar gum supplement (total fiber: 9.1 g; soluble fiber:

277 However, adding guar gum to starch had no significant effect on glucose

278 linity of the samples was modified by adding guar gum to the extrudates, showing correlation between

279 EMG was obtained by hydrolyzing native guar gum using alpha-galactosidase enzyme.

280 ct of conjugation of egg-white lysozyme with guar gum.

281 Furthermore, loss of guard HF cycling suggests that in this particular hair t

282 and is required for zigzag hair bending and guard HF cycling.

283 in inflammasome, so our data now extend this guard hypothesis to host-regulated actin-dependent proce

284 Guar induced microstructural changes and its role in gel

285 ), heated churi (IHC), final churi (IFC) and guar korma (IGK) were studied and compared.

286 osition of different fractions of industrial guar meal: raw churi (IRC), heated churi (IHC), final ch

287 ast exposure in a sample of Florida National Guard members (1,443 deployed to Operation Enduring Free

288 patterns provide a potential explanation for guard mother cell dormancy in soybean embryos.

289 stomatal differentiation is arrested at the guard mother cell stage.

290 st that the complement system utilizes C3 to guard not only extracellular but also the intracellular

291 Our data identify Diaph3 as a major guard of cortical progenitors, unravel novel functions o

292 surveys the integrity of the ER, acting as a guard receptor and a pattern recognition receptor, capab

293 served microbial products, whereas in plants Guard Receptors detect virulence factors or activities e

294 The use of a guard ring electrode in the detector reduces the crystal

295 ties that help generate long-lasting APs and guard the membrane against unintended perturbation.

296 Specifically, we find that ravens guard their caches against discovery in response to the

297 F programs, and thus how parents' ability to guard their children's health is affected by structural

298 at these viruses use different strategies to guard their genomes and facilitate their replication in

299 olyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) from stain-guard treated carpets in landfills continue to be releas

300 Different ingredients (guar, xanthan, carboxy methyl cellulose, locust bean gum