ライフサイエンスコーパス: guard

1 l residents and the scientific community off-guard.

2 fluids and represent forms of chemical mate guarding.

3 to modulate aggression associated with mate guarding.

4 corded their foraging behaviour during chick guarding.

5 pective cohort study of the US Army National Guard (2009-2014).

6 a linear DC gradient applied to RF rungs and guards, a virtually uniform electric field can be create

7 As compared to nest guards, A. cerana foragers produced 3.38 fold higher lev

8 ns between a preponderance of males and mate guarding across taxa.

9 ctive contribution through which hepatocytes guard against aberrant cytosolic RLR-RNA-sensing pathway

10 of nuclear waste repositories in salt should guard against deformation-driven fluid percolation.

11 hip to help maintain glucose homeostasis and guard against hypoglycemia.

12 nown about how central nervous system tumors guard against immune eradication.

13 ta indicate that Cdc45 serves as a shield to guard against occasional slippage of the leading strand

14 a three-dimensional (3D) optical lattice to guard against on-site interaction shifts.

15 between polymorphic alleles, Dmc1 must also guard against recombination between divergent sequences.

16 ceptor, supports circadian clock function to guard against the detrimental effects of circadian stres

17 gnizing issues that need to be considered to guard against time-driven confounders.

18 GCR are physiologically relevant events that guard against wasteful oxygen consumption and inappropri

19 cin appears to be widespread and needs to be guarded against with scepticism and rigor.

20 Pak2 as an important signaling molecule for guarding against aberrant immune responses through regul

21 ates with p53 to protect HSC pool integrity, guarding against hematological malignancies.

22 our initial hypothesis that H223 protonation guards against early refolding.

23 lect the elevated needs of an active neuron, guards against future increased demand and maintains red

24 pulating cell-specific metabolism, including guard and mesophyll cells, in order to elucidate mesophy

25 hree male strategies - multiple mating, mate guarding and paternal care - in response to partner avai

26 ance (SS nest) were produced by foragers and guards and were significantly longer in pulse duration t

27 ng a discrete transition between continence (guarding) and micturition (augmenting) reflexes.

28 ardiac extracorporeal life support (ECLS) is guarded, and neurological morbidity varies widely.

29 e effective than non-lethal strategies, with guard animals showing the most potential among the non-l

30 Passive mechanisms of mate guarding are used by males to promote sperm precedence w

31 Optimism remains guarded as additional evidence accumulates.

32 sociated with three types of hair follicles, guard, awl/auchene and zigzag, serve as mechanosensory e

33 ces between African and European forager and guard bees are depleted in widely conserved genes, indic

34 brachial artery (BAO) induces increased paw-guarding behaviors, mechanical hypersensitivity, and dec

35 e SLIM by rf fields in conjunction with a DC guard bias, enabling essentially lossless TW transmissio

36 bsequently caught ill-prepared societies off-guard-Bubonic plague in medieval times, AIDS in the 1980

37 del according to which SV protein sorting is guarded by both cargo-specific mechanisms as well as ass

38 tamembrane domain acts as a master regulator guarding cadherin stability.

39 nformation for management of discarded stain-guard carpets in landfills.

40 While DELLA had no effect on ABA levels, guard cell ABA responsiveness was increased in S-della a

41 matal aperture, this occurs by accessing the guard cell ABA signaling pathway.

42 2.6 (SnRK2.6), a protein kinase involved in guard cell ABA signaling, was able to phosphorylate a cy

43 ces stomatal closure via QUAC1/ALMT12 and/or guard cell ABA synthesis.

44 to darkness is mediated by reorganisation of guard cell actin filaments, a process that is finely tun

45 the hormone that leads to the activation of guard cell anion channels by the protein kinase OPEN STO

46 sumption and stress tolerance by controlling guard cell aperture and other protective responses.

47 the molecular basis for circadian control of guard cell aperture, we used large-scale qRT-PCR to comp

48 extracellular ATP and of leaf mesophyll and guard cell chloroplasts during light-to-low-intensity bl

49 These data suggest that guard cell CO2 and ABA signal transduction are not direc

50 bitors and suggest a mechanism through which guard cell CO2 signaling controls plant water management

51 H LEAF TEMPERATURE 1 (HT1)-a central node in guard cell CO2 signaling-and that MPK12 functions as an

52 This process is mainly regulated by guard cell control of the stomatal aperture, but recent

53 tants to explore the impact of clustering on guard cell dynamics, gas exchange, and ion transport of

54 ulose and xyloglucan are required for normal guard cell dynamics.

55 ls and stomatal responses require reversible guard cell elongation and contraction.

56 mechanical, pectin-based pinning down of the guard cell ends, which restricts increase of stomatal co

57 digesting enzymes, coupled with bioassay of guard cell function) plus modeling lead us to propose th

58 highlight the role of polar reinforcement in guard cell function, which simultaneously improves our u

59 electrophysiological activities required for guard cell function.

60 cal link between OsGRXS17, the modulation of guard cell H2O2 concentrations, and stomatal closure, ex

61 ]i oscillations and analyze their origins in guard cell homeostasis and membrane transport.

62 tool with which to explore the links between guard cell homeostasis, stomatal dynamics, and foliar tr

63 nel by the protein kinases OPEN STOMATA1 and GUARD CELL HYDROGEN PEROXIDE-RESISTANT1 (GHR1) in Xenopu

64 ctors can utilize intrinsic HDAC activity to guard cell identity by repressing lineage-inappropriate

65 hesis and signalling with K(+) nutrition and guard cell K(+) channel activities have not been fully e

66 ing potassium (K(+) ) nutrition and a robust guard cell K(+) inward channel activity is considered cr

67 e xyloglucan, stomatal apertures, changes in guard cell length, and cellulose reorganization were abe

68 ease in ABA biosynthesis specifically in the guard cell lineage.

69 s, promotes rosette expansion, and modulates guard cell mechanics in adult plants.

70 y, CO2, and light, but without connection to guard cell mechanics.

71 ly well understood, whereas our knowledge of guard cell metabolism remains limited, despite several d

72 ints to multiple processes and plasticity in guard cell metabolism that enable these cells to functio

73 rther exploring and potentially manipulating guard cell metabolism to improve plant water use and pro

74 Therefore, analysis of guard cell metabolites is fundamental for elucidation of

75 than the wild type, reduced light-dependent guard cell opening, and reduced water loss, with aw havi

76 Moreover, the differences in guard cell oscillator function may be important for the

77 misexpressed CCA1 Our results show that the guard cell oscillator is different from the average plan

78 FOCL1-GFP localizes to the guard cell outer cuticular ledge and plants lacking FOCL

79 The regulation of the GORK (Guard Cell Outward Rectifying) Shaker channel mediating

80 ata and developed a biomechanical model of a guard cell pair.

81 red stomatal closure requires an increase in guard cell permeability to water and possibly hydrogen p

82 The role of guard cell photosynthesis in stomatal conductance respon

83 e the possible origins of sucrose, including guard cell photosynthesis, and discuss new evidence that

84 l transduction are not directly modulated by guard cell photosynthesis/electron transport.

85 crease in osmotic water permeability (Pf) of guard cell protoplasts and an accumulation of reactive o

86 of PIP2;1 constitutively enhanced the Pf of guard cell protoplasts while suppressing its ABA-depende

87 ic signatures in response to ABA in B. napus guard cell protoplasts.

88 Activation of the guard cell S-type anion channel SLAC1 is important for s

89 ew functional role of small GTPase, NOG1, in guard cell signaling and early plant defense in response

90 Specially, NOG1-2 regulates guard cell signaling in response to biotic and abiotic s

91 etabolites is fundamental for elucidation of guard cell signaling pathways.

92 posttranslational modifications to fine-tune guard cell signaling.

93 e signalling pathways of abiotic stress, but guard cell signalling in response to microbes is a relat

94 A lack of correlation between guard cell size and DNA content, lack of arabinans in ce

95 Evidence from fossil guard cell size suggests that polyploidy in Sequoia date

96 a constitutively active chlorophyllase in a guard cell specific enhancer trap line.

97 Our results show that guard cell starch degradation has an important role in p

98 cs to define the mechanism and regulation of guard cell starch metabolism, showing it to be mediated

99 onsistent with its known daytime role in the guard cell stroma.

100 transport, metabolism, and signaling of the guard cell to define the water relations and transpirati

101 s, and plasma membrane channels that control guard cell turgor pressure.

102 guard cells is critical for energization and guard cell turgor production.

103 Our results show that guard cell vacuolar accumulation of K(+) is a requiremen

104 ends on changes in osmolyte concentration of guard cell vacuoles, specifically of K(+) and Mal(2-) Ef

105 tic solutes that drive reversible changes in guard cell volume and turgor.

106 re governed by osmotically driven changes in guard cell volume, the role of membrane water channels (

107 Combined experimental data (analysis of guard cell wall epitopes and treatment of tissue with ce

108 Hence, PME34 is required for regulating guard cell wall flexibility to mediate the heat response

109 Restoration of PME6 rescues guard cell wall pectin methyl-esterification status, sto

110 function reflects a mechanical change in the guard cell wall.

111 these results provide new insights into how guard cell walls allow stomata to function as responsive

112 ological and genetic analyses to investigate guard cell walls and their relationship to stomatal func

113 xible, but how the structure and dynamics of guard cell walls enable stomatal function remains poorly

114 chanisms for how stomatal pores form and how guard cell walls facilitate dynamic stomatal responses r

115 e signals suggesting that the flexibility of guard cell walls is impaired.

116 at are driven by changes in turgor pressure, guard cell walls must be both strong and flexible, but h

117 opening, we have generated SGC (specifically guard cell) Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants in

118 matal aperture through its inhibition of the guard cell-expressed KAT2 and KAT1 channels.

119 We have characterized FOCL1, a guard cell-expressed, secreted protein with homology to

120 most likely autonomous pools: a constitutive guard cell-specific pool and a facultative environmental

121 transport across the membrane system of the guard cell.

122 scale investigation into changes in stomatal guard-cell length and use these data to infer changes in

123 Although the guard-cell-signaling pathway coupling blue light percept

124 Expressing S-della under the control of a guard-cell-specific promoter was sufficient to increase

125 ) was overexpressed under the control of the guard-cell-specific promoter, GC1.

126 Guard cells (GCs) display transcriptional memory that is

127 ary cells (SCs) flanking two dumbbell-shaped guard cells (GCs)-is linked to improved stomatal physiol

128 We measured guard cells across the genera with stomata to assess dev

129 A new study makes it clear that guard cells also metabolise starch to accelerate opening

130 Stomatal pores are formed between a pair of guard cells and allow plant uptake of CO2 and water evap

131 ced phospholipid uptake at the root tips and guard cells and are affected in growth and transpiration

132 maximal in the mesophyll compared with both guard cells and bundle sheath.

133 localized synthesis of stilbenes in stomata guard cells and cell walls is induced by P. viticola inf

134 Guard cells and epidermal cells of hornworts show striki

135 receptor JAZ2 is constitutively expressed in guard cells and modulates stomatal dynamics during bacte

136 ase gene, PME6, which is highly expressed in guard cells and required for stomatal function.

137 K(+) channels of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) guard cells and show its close parallel with stomatal cl

138 n involves limited separation between sister guard cells and stomatal responses require reversible gu

139 was observed in the whole stomatal complex (guard cells and subsidiary cells), root vasculature, and

140 establish a link between gene expression in guard cells and their cell wall properties, with a corre

141 ases in response to low humidity and NaCl in guard cells and to NaCl and osmotic stress in roots and

142 l closing and whether starch biosynthesis in guard cells and/or mesophyll cells is rate limiting for

143 Although it has long been observed that guard cells are anisotropic due to differential thickeni

144 The focl1 guard cells are larger and less able to reduce the apert

145 Stomatal guard cells are pairs of specialized epidermal cells tha

146 Here, we show that the walls of guard cells are rich in un-esterified pectins.

147 Stomatal guard cells are widely recognized as the premier plant c

148 orms the basis of using the size of stomatal guard cells as a proxy to track changes in plant genome

149 acylglycerols (TAGs), present in Arabidopsis guard cells as lipid droplets (LDs), are involved in lig

150 Starch is present in guard cells at the end of night, unlike in the rest of t

151 e [ADGase]) or retain starch accumulation in guard cells but are starch deficient in mesophyll cells

152 did not, showing that starch biosynthesis in guard cells but not mesophyll functions in CO2-induced s

153 diating a massive K(+) efflux in Arabidopsis guard cells by the phosphatase AtPP2CA was investigated.

154 Guard cells collapse inwardly, increase in surface area,

155 pare circadian oscillator gene expression in guard cells compared with the "average" whole-leaf oscil

156 The rapidity of gs in dumbbell-shaped guard cells could be attributed to size, whilst in ellip

157 utside inwardly and continues to do so after guard cells die and collapse.

158 tomic force microscopy, that although mature guard cells display a radial gradient of stiffness, this

159 Guard cells dynamically adjust their shape in order to r

160 In silico analysis revealed that guard cells express all the genes required for beta-oxid

161 ributed to size, whilst in elliptical-shaped guard cells features other than anatomy were more import

162 meeting these challenges and to engineering guard cells for improved water use efficiency and agricu

163 Guard cells form stomatal pores that optimize photosynth

164 appear unchanged at the transcript level in guard cells from C3 and C4 species, but major variations

165 ne Ontology terms previously associated with guard cells from the C3 model Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis t

166 After the rapid H(+) efflux, the Col-0 guard cells had a longer oscillation period than before

167 pme6-1 mutant guard cells have walls enriched in methyl-esterified pec

168 REDUCTASE (NR)-mediated nitric oxide (NO) in guard cells in an abscisic acid (ABA)-independent manner

169 Here, we characterize transcriptomes from guard cells in C3 Tareneya hassleriana and C4 Gynandrops

170 as physiological characteristics of stomatal guard cells in order to accelerate stomatal movements in

171 ed [Ca(2+)]cyt oscillations in epidermal and guard cells in response to the fungal elicitor chitin.

172 Decreased flavonols in guard cells in the anthocyanin reduced (are) mutant and

173 ion across the bundle sheath, mesophyll, and guard cells in the C4 leaf.

174 to the characteristic patterning of stomatal guard cells in the context of a growing leaf.

175 The position of guard cells in the epidermis is ideally suited for cellu

176 The shape of the guard cells influenced the rapidity of response and the

177 d phenotype, suggests that photosynthesis in guard cells is critical for energization and guard cell

178 ledge on CO2 signal transduction in stomatal guard cells is limited.

179 take or release of ions and metabolites from guard cells is necessary to achieve normal stomatal func

180 leaves, suggesting that the SA signaling in guard cells may be independent from other cell types.

181 Flavonols accumulate in guard cells of Arabidopsis thaliana, but not surrounding

182 Guard cells of are show greater ABA-induced closure than

183 photosynthesis were more highly expressed in guard cells of C4 compared with C3 leaves.

184 quantitative analysis of starch turnover in guard cells of intact leaves during the diurnal cycle.

185 Reductions in LD abundance in guard cells of the lycophyte Selaginella suggest that TA

186 dants, higher levels of ROS were detected in guard cells of the tomato are mutant and lower levels we

187 e detected using a fluorescent ROS sensor in guard cells of transparent testa4-2, which has a null mu

188 rane ion fluxes of H(+) , Ca(2+) and K(+) in guard cells of wild-type (Col-0) Arabidopsis, the CORONA

189 sis plants that are chlorophyll-deficient in guard cells only, expressing a constitutively active chl

190 plants where ABA biosynthesis was rescued in guard cells or phloem companion cells of an ABA-deficien

191 sing genetic approaches, we show that ABA in guard cells or their precursors is sufficient to mediate

192 epted that differential radial thickening of guard cells plays an important role in the turgor-driven

193 chanism underlying CO(2) sensing in stomatal guard cells remains unclear.

194 Imaging cellulose organization in guard cells revealed a relatively uniform distribution o

195 Guard cells shrink and close stomatal pores when air hum

196 Stomatal guard cells surround pores in the epidermis of plant lea

197 olute accumulation by, and its loss from the guard cells surrounding the pore.

198 he regulatory networks and ion fluxes in the guard cells surrounding the stomatal pore [2].

199 but not JA-dependent response, is faster in guard cells than in whole leaves, suggesting that the SA

200 across the plasma and vacuolar membranes of guard cells that drive stomatal movements and the signal

201 enhanced disease susceptibility 1 (EDS1), in guard cells that form stomata.

202 Plant gas exchange is regulated by guard cells that form stomatal pores.

203 esponses to [CO2 ] and ABA are functional in guard cells that lack chlorophyll.

204 Each stomate is bordered by a pair of guard cells that shrink in response to drought and the a

205 other parts of the leaf rather than from the guard cells themselves.

206 on changes in turgor pressure acting within guard cells to alter cell shape [1].

207 ) increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) in guard cells to close Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)

208 port metabolomic responses of Brassica napus guard cells to elevated CO2 using three hyphenated metab

209 negative regulator of GA signaling, acts in guard cells to promote stomatal closure and reduce water

210 The importance of ABA biosynthesis in guard cells versus vasculature for whole-plant stomatal

211 , the H(+) efflux and Ca(2+) influx in Col-0 guard cells was impaired by vanadate pre-treatment or PM

212 Our data show that more than 90% of guard cells were chlorophyll-deficient.

213 A total of 358 metabolites from guard cells were quantified in a time-course response to

214 Stomata are formed by a pair of guard cells which have thickened, elastic cell walls to

215 division to differentiate highly specialized guard cells while maintaining a stem cell population [1,

216 In intact guard cells, abscisic acid (ABA) enhances (primes) the C

217 rane H(+)-ATPase AHA1 is highly expressed in guard cells, and its activation can induce stomatal open

218 The accumulation of flavonol antioxidants in guard cells, but not surrounding pavement cells, was vis

219 ntified 390 distinct metabolites in B. napus guard cells, falling into diverse classes.

220 time-dependent outward potassium currents in guard cells, higher rates of water loss through transpir

221 d an elevation in H2O2 production within the guard cells, increased sensitivity to ABA, and a reducti

222 l responsible for the release of malate from guard cells, is essential for efficient stomatal closure

223 uate the current literature on metabolism in guard cells, particularly the roles of starch, sucrose,

224 ins were identified in ABA- and MeJA-treated guard cells, respectively.

225 In guard cells, starch is rapidly mobilized by the synergis

226 , this ion transport was abolished in coi1-1 guard cells, suggesting that MeJA-induced transmembrane

227 Plant guard cells, that form stomatal pores for gas exchange,

228 n the epidermal cells of the root tip and in guard cells, the latter of which regulate the size of st

229 ed in actin-dependent nuclear positioning in guard cells, whereas its paralogue SINE2 contributes to

230 Guard cells, which flank the stomata, undergo adjustment

231 through the development of a new cell type: guard cells, which form stomata.

232 the expression of other transporter genes in guard cells, which ultimately led to improved growth.

233 n accumulation of reactive oxygen species in guard cells, which were both abrogated in pip2;1 plants.

234 f stiffness, this is not present in immature guard cells, yet young stomata show a normal opening res

235 y a reduced accumulation of K(+) ions in the guard cells.

236 n of signal amplification and specificity in guard cells.

237 rimary and specialized metabolic pathways in guard cells.

238 regulation of salicylic acid (SA) pathway in guard cells.

239 dynamics, gas exchange, and ion transport of guard cells.

240 efense and is linked to hormone signaling in guard cells.

241 xpression from bundle sheath to mesophyll to guard cells.

242 idermal cells facilitating ion supply to the guard cells.

243 en by solute accumulation in the surrounding guard cells.

244 ll pores on plant leaves and stems formed by guard cells.

245 nflux and K(+) efflux across the PM of Col-0 guard cells.

246 he understanding of CO2 signaling pathway in guard cells.

247 g several pavement cells adjacent to the two guard cells.

248 a core pathway for CO(2) signalling in plant guard cells.

249 ith its function as an ABA efflux carrier in guard cells.

250 he control of nuclear sizes in trichomes and guard cells.

251 orters results in solute accumulation in the guard cells.

252 on of NCED3, a key step of ABA synthesis, in guard cells.

253 which is expressed in expanding tissues and guard cells.

254 ced by abscisic acid and highly expressed in guard cells.

255 (C3 plants), bundle-sheath (C4 plants), and guard cells.

256 to plants increased flavonol accumulation in guard cells; however, no flavonol increases were observe

257 Within the circulatory system, platelets guard circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from immune elimina

258 oth were >300 V(p-p) RF (685 kHz) and 7-11 V guard DC bias.

259 ntrolled in the transversal direction by the guard DC potentials.

260 n with positive DC potentials on surrounding guard electrodes on each PCB.

261 ning RF on the rung electrodes and DC on the guard electrodes.

262 PRINCESS leverages Software Guard Extensions (SGX) and hardware for trustworthy comp

263 report here our discovery of a new member in guarding genome stability at replication forks.

264 romones, yet odor-based post-copulatory mate guarding has not been described in moths so far.

265 Furthermore, loss of guard HF cycling suggests that in this particular hair t

266 and is required for zigzag hair bending and guard HF cycling.

267 in inflammasome, so our data now extend this guard hypothesis to host-regulated actin-dependent proce

268 are undercounted and conclude that the mate-guarding hypothesis for human pair bonds gains strength

269 lution of maternal care, in the form of nest guarding, in a single population of long-tailed sun skin

270 n this and other moth species, chemical mate guarding may also impose selection pressure on the long-

271 hat this new function of autophagy acts as a guarding mechanism protecting cells from tumorigenesis.

272 ast exposure in a sample of Florida National Guard members (1,443 deployed to Operation Enduring Free

273 ested convergence between the MPK3- and MPK4-guarding modules.

274 patterns provide a potential explanation for guard mother cell dormancy in soybean embryos.

275 stomatal differentiation is arrested at the guard mother cell stage.

276 terized cellular proliferation and apoptosis guards (NF-kappaB, Bcl-2 and p53) in these NPs-treated c

277 st that the complement system utilizes C3 to guard not only extracellular but also the intracellular

278 Our data identify Diaph3 as a major guard of cortical progenitors, unravel novel functions o

279 aluated from Barataria Bay, 48% were given a guarded or worse prognosis, and 17% were considered poor

280 uiring ECMO were critically ill with similar guarded prognoses.

281 Carcinoma of the gall bladder has a guarded prognosis with predominant sites of involvement

282 n so that directed therapies may improve its guarded prognosis.

283 for traction/rhegmatogenous RD carry a more guarded prognosis.

284 nction of the oncogenic RAS-MEK signaling in guarding proteostasis and suppressing amyloidogenesis.

285 ral human conditions, we find that male mate guarding, rather than paternal care, drives the evolutio

286 surveys the integrity of the ER, acting as a guard receptor and a pattern recognition receptor, capab

287 ternal urethral sphincter (EUS) contraction (guarding reflex) to maintain continence.

288 evoked tonic EUS activity, indicative of the guarding reflex, that was proportional to the urethral f

289 The use of a guard ring electrode in the detector reduces the crystal

290 Consistent with a potential role in guarding SLO pathogen entry points, SLO TRM did not vaca

291 rowth factor-beta (TGF-beta) signals in safe-guarding specific Treg cell functions.

292 This chemical mate guarding strategy was disadvantageous for H. virescens f

293 l the unexpected activity of IkappaBalpha in guarding the integrity of the OMM against apoptosis indu

294 Specifically, we find that ravens guard their caches against discovery in response to the

295 F programs, and thus how parents' ability to guard their children's health is affected by structural

296 at these viruses use different strategies to guard their genomes and facilitate their replication in

297 olyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) from stain-guard treated carpets in landfills continue to be releas

298 es (Helogale parvula) [5]; sentinels (raised guards) use various vocalisations to provide social info

299 Owing to the high failure risk and guarded visual prognosis after PK, it is important that

300 eatment success, systemic prognosis remained guarded with approximately 40% mortality overall.