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1 gured to the shape of the new tissue (e.g. a heart valve).
2  history of valvular repair in an unaffected heart valve.
3 f-expanding and repositionable transcatheter heart valve.
4 reduction of GAGs in tissues, urine, and the heart valve.
5 -generation balloon-expandable transcatheter heart valve.
6 ompared with a self-expandable transcatheter heart valve.
7 se of dabigatran in patients with mechanical heart valves.
8 imitations of a new generation of prosthetic heart valves.
9 e +/-1 grade in both treatment groups at all heart valves.
10 vent or abolish biofilm formation on injured heart valves.
11 ly progressing, destructive infection of the heart valves.
12 e heart and later is expressed in developing heart valves.
13 answered questions for tissue engineering of heart valves.
14 ent paradigms for creating tissue-engineered heart valves.
15 esistance when used to prepare bioprosthetic heart valves.
16 ensive remodeling in vivo to resemble native heart valves.
17  differentiation in developing and postnatal heart valves.
18 s such as indwelling catheters or prosthetic heart valves.
19 vivo performance of cryopreserved allogeneic heart valves.
20 at typically occurs on damaged or prosthetic heart valves.
21 rmation and tissue damage on the surfaces of heart valves.
22 ormation and tissue damage on the surface of heart valves.
23 formance of balloon-expandable transcatheter heart valves.
24 bled S. lugdunensis to bind and colonize the heart valves.
25  bacteria-platelet aggregates on the injured heart valves.
26 uch as venous thromboembolism and mechanical heart valves.
27 " tissue engineered transcatheter homologous heart valves.
28 activating receptors in embryonic and larval heart valves.
29 icipated consequence of targeting developing heart valves.
30 7-0.66), as did participants with mechanical heart valve (0.52, 0.35-0.77).
31 e TAVI using the EdwardsSAPIEN Transcatheter Heart Valve (23 mm, n=19; 26 mm, n=50; 29 mm, n=3).
32 torage was markedly reduced in the stroma of heart valves, adventitial cells of the aortic root, peri
33 compare them with 134 patients with a tissue heart valve and 2620 other patients without a prosthetic
34 p A streptococcal autoimmune sequelae of the heart valve and brain.
35 ciplinary team and substantial experience in heart valve and endovascular therapies.
36 in ADAM19 may contribute to human congenital heart valve and septal defects.
37  bacteria can colonize native and prosthetic heart valves and are a common cause of endocarditis.
38 r matrix protein that is highly organized in heart valves and arteries.
39 s the mediators of calcification in diseased heart valves and atherosclerotic plaques.
40  colonizing medical implant devices, such as heart valves and catheters, where treatment of the infec
41 mended (class I) in patients with mechanical heart valves and in patients with atrial fibrillation wi
42 e endocardial cells overlying the developing heart valves and is dependent upon both hemodynamic shea
43 ed excellent durability of the transcatheter heart valves and SAVR.
44                                   The mature heart valves and septa are derived from the cardiac cush
45 scribed bone formation in surgically excised heart valves and suggested an unexpected process of tiss
46 n, structures that give rise to the affected heart valves and the membranous ventricular septum.
47 eptor activation during development of early heart-valve and septal mesenchyme.
48 acteremia, community acquisition, prosthetic heart valve, and male sex are associated with increased
49 diovascular system, including blood vessels, heart valves, and cardiac muscle.
50 ey die perinatally with open eyes, misshapen heart valves, and growth plate defects.
51 and malformed semilunar and atrioventricular heart valves, and hypoplastic, poorly differentiated lun
52 r Sox9 is expressed in developing and mature heart valves, and its function is required for expressio
53      Ectopic calcification of blood vessels, heart valves, and skeletal muscle is a major clinical pr
54 urred between strains with regard to seeding heart valves ( approximately 10(6) cfu) or other target
55 d homologous off-the-shelf tissue engineered heart valves are demonstrated in a relevant pre-clinical
56                                   The mature heart valves are dynamic structures composed of highly o
57 he delicate leaflets that make up vertebrate heart valves are essential for our moment-to-moment exis
58                        Because transcatheter heart valves are implanted in a sutureless fashion using
59                                   The mature heart valves are made up of highly organized extracellul
60  comparative data on different transcatheter heart valves are missing.
61                          Cryopreserved human heart valves are used in approximately 20% of the tissue
62 y because of the determination of prosthetic heart valve area [called effective orifice area index (E
63 ially when localized to vital organs such as heart valves, arteries, and kidneys.
64  Danish residents who received a replacement heart valve between 1989 and 2006.
65  are implanted surgically, and bioprosthetic heart valves (BHV), which can be implanted via a surgica
66 m (BP) being the primary biomaterial used in heart valve bioprostheses, recipient graft-specific immu
67  cells of glomeruli and cells at the base of heart valves but it is not present in parenchymal cells
68          ERalpha was expressed in developing heart valves but not in the liver, whereas ERbeta2 had t
69 ients with atrial fibrillation or mechanical heart valves, but effective management is complex, and t
70 complex with aggregated platelets on injured heart valves, but the host factors that interconnect and
71 oderate/severe mitral stenosis or mechanical heart valves, but variably included patients with other
72 llow a pathway analogous to that of surgical heart valves by incorporating OPC and provides several c
73             Surgical replacement of diseased heart valves by mechanical and tissue valve substitutes
74 nstrated significant reduction of allogeneic heart valve calcification (P<0.01).
75 des insight into the molecular mechanisms of heart valve calcification and identifies reduced Sox9 fu
76           In the United States, new surgical heart valves can be approved on the basis of objective p
77                  Stem-cell tissue-engineered heart valves can be created from mesenchymal stem cells
78 ards CENTERA-EU Self-Expanding Transcatheter Heart Valve [CENTERA-2]; NCT02458560).
79 at concentrating experience in higher volume heart valve centers might be a means of improving outcom
80 ivity to phagocytic killing or efficiency of heart valve colonization.
81  in the development of tissue engineering of heart valves constructs by altering extracellular matrix
82                          A tissue engineered heart valve could, in principle, accommodate these requi
83 e experience with the SAPIEN 3 transcatheter heart valve, dependent on patient consent, before the st
84                     During embryogenesis the heart valves develop from undifferentiated mesenchymal e
85 cells direct the complex cellular process of heart valve development and suggest that congenital valv
86 ts support a role for RANKL signaling during heart valve development and suggest that valve leaflet m
87 hierarchies that control normal and abnormal heart valve development in parallel with other connectiv
88 hese pathways, a signaling network model for heart valve development is proposed.
89                                              Heart valve development proceeds through coordinated ste
90 tion and proliferation, the role of Tbx20 in heart valve development remains relatively unknown.
91  forces play an essential epigenetic role in heart valve development, but how they do so is not known
92 ay genes are differentially expressed during heart valve development.
93 oral and spatial expression of Nfatc1 during heart valve development.
94 s into mesenchymal cells, a critical step in heart valve development.
95                                A hallmark of heart-valve development is the swelling and deposition o
96     An increased incidence of carcinoid-like heart valve disease (CLHVD) has been noted in pergolide
97 n of ECM organization is a common feature of heart valve disease and can often be linked to genetic d
98 proportion of patients with previously known heart valve disease and diabetes mellitus significantly
99 ntial of anti-TNF drugs for the treatment of heart valve disease and identify potential therapeutic t
100 ese cells may be important for understanding heart valve disease and may also be applied to current p
101 rix remodeling genes characteristic of human heart valve disease are observed in juvenile scx(-/-) mi
102                                              Heart valve disease is an important cause of morbidity a
103 lines, many patients with severe symptomatic heart valve disease might not undergo intervention.
104 n an individual basis, patients with organic heart valve disease who are trying to delay or avoid sur
105 nknown Origin of bacteremia, 4 points; prior heart Valve disease, 2 points; Auscultation of a heart m
106  persistent or recurrent fever, a history of heart valve disease, and S aureus as the causative patho
107 lopmental mechanisms are redeployed in adult heart valve disease, in cardiac fibrosis, and in myocard
108 uring the operative management of left-sided heart valve disease, particularly in the setting of mitr
109 stin-insufficient mice would manifest viable heart valve disease.
110 enfluramine (Fen), have been associated with heart valve disease.
111      Aortic stenosis is 1 of the most common heart valve diseases among adults.
112 diomyopathy, 83.5% (95% CI, 80.2%-86.8%) for heart valve disorder, 81.3% (95% CI, 77.6%-85.0%) for pu
113 %]), cardiac (any cardiac condition, such as heart valve disorders, 56.4% [95% CI, 53.5%-59.2%]), and
114 e metabolism are induced in vivo on infected heart valves during experimental endocarditis and in vit
115               Anticoagulation for mechanical heart valves during pregnancy is essential to prevent th
116 tiveness of the Edwards SAPIEN transcatheter heart valve (Edwards Lifesciences LLC, Irvine, Californi
117 n=129) or a balloon-expandable transcatheter heart valve (Edwards SAPIEN 3, n=117).
118 e, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc), and heart valve endothelium, laminin and laminar basement me
119 s the Edwards SAPIEN/SAPIEN XT transcatheter heart valve (ESV) for severe aortic stenosis.
120                      Two types of artificial heart valve exist: mechanical heart valves (MHV), which
121 (5-HT2B) serotonin receptor in mediating the heart valve fibroplasia [valvular heart disease (VHD)] a
122         Using a zebrafish model of defective heart valve formation caused by morpholino oligonucleoti
123  or alterations in cardiomyocyte maturation, heart valve formation, vascular development, skeletal mu
124             At the early stages of zebrafish heart valve formation, we show that endocardial cells ar
125  the endocardium during a critical window of heart valve formation.
126 ts, which are deficient in the initiation of heart valve formation.
127 e production and deposition of matrix at the heart-valve-forming region, resulting in the inability o
128 comes after TMVR with a mitral transcatheter heart valve (Fortis, Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, Calif
129 ted by comparison of the standard commercial heart valve freezing method of cryopreservation and an i
130 on using 83 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded heart valves from subjects with endocarditis who had pos
131 gress toward understanding the mechanisms of heart valve function and dysfunction.
132 nd other heart valves, which is essential to heart valve function.
133 mmarizes an evolving conceptual framework of heart valve functional structure, developmental biology,
134          Carcinoid involvement of left-sided heart valves has been reported in patients with a patent
135  to promote ectopic osteogenic phenotypes in heart valves has not been examined.
136                            Tissue-engineered heart valves have been proposed by physicians and scient
137                               All prosthetic heart valves have some degree of VP-PM which must be pla
138 nfidence interval [CI], 1.6-8.0), prosthetic heart valve (HR, 6.2; 95% CI, 3.8-10.1), male sex (HR, 2
139                                              Heart valve (HV) replacements are among the most widely
140 delines proscribing the use of bioprosthetic heart valves in hemodialysis patients should be rescinde
141 OICE (Randomized Comparison of Transcatheter Heart Valves in High Risk Patients With Severe Aortic St
142 by structural deterioration of transcatheter heart valves in only 5 patients.
143 served following direct knockdown of Sox9 in heart valves in vitro.
144 entually isolated, in 2000, from an infected heart valve, in coculture with human fibroblasts.
145 y a field of cardiac progenitor cells as the heart-valve-inducing region amid developing atria and ve
146                           Biofilms on native heart valves (infective endocarditis) is a life-threaten
147 ention of stroke in patients with mechanical heart valves, initial studies have been unfavorable for
148 at activation of 5-HT(2B) receptors on human heart valve interstitial cells in vitro induces a prolif
149 ed the hypothesis that increased exposure of heart valve interstitial cells to 5-HT may result in inc
150  infancy, percutaneous valve therapies offer heart valve interventions without the use of cardiopulmo
151  disorder, but is frequently associated with heart valve involvement.
152 ith the repositionable Portico transcatheter heart valve is feasible, with good short-term clinical a
153 ement using the Edwards SAPIEN transcatheter heart valve is safe and effective in patients with dysfu
154                           Development of the heart valves is a complex process that relies on the suc
155  show that retinoic acid treatment in mature heart valves is sufficient to promote calcific processes
156 loped and validated in vivo against 15 sheep heart valves, later excised.
157     The method is demonstrated for a porcine heart valve leaflet.
158                         The atrioventricular heart valve leaflets and chordae tendineae are composed
159  remodeling endocardial cushions into mature heart valve leaflets and is also an essential effector o
160 ;Col2a1-cre mice develop calcific lesions in heart valve leaflets associated with increased expressio
161 cur locally during embryonic development, at heart valve leaflets, and at sites of aneurysm formation
162 -engineered vascular conduits, generation of heart valve leaflets, cardiomyoplasty, genetic manipulat
163 ;Col2a1-cre mice die at birth with thickened heart valve leaflets, reduced expression of cartilage-as
164 ients with Down syndrome have characteristic heart valve lesions resulting from endocardial cushion d
165                                              Heart valve lesions were found in 50% of the cases.
166 ne 2010 after reports of an association with heart valve lesions.
167 l organs, sinus lining cells in bone marrow, heart valves, ligaments and connective tissues.
168                 Reduced lysosomal storage in heart valves, liver, and spleen provided evidence that i
169  network procuring organs such as the heart, heart valves, lung, liver, kidneys, cornea, and skin.
170                                              Heart valve malformations are one of the most common typ
171 evelopment, but its roles in later stages of heart valve maturation and homeostasis have not been ide
172                              Such engineered heart valves may represent an interesting alternative to
173 f homologous off-the-shelf tissue engineered heart valves may therefore substantially simplify previo
174             Pregnant women with a mechanical heart valve (MHV) are at a heightened risk of a thrombot
175  of artificial heart valve exist: mechanical heart valves (MHV), which are implanted surgically, and
176 d collagen adhesion using an in vitro rabbit heart valve model, suggesting a role for the glycoconjug
177               We show that the initiation of heart valve morphogenesis in mice requires calcineurin/N
178 for calcineurin/NFAT signaling in vertebrate heart valve morphogenesis.
179                                          The heart-valve myocardium expresses bone morphogenetic prot
180 asingly common cause of infections of native heart valves (native valve endocarditis [NVE]).
181 everal weeks from blood samples and from the heart valve of a patient who underwent extensive vancomy
182 an 10 adults, and did not involve prosthetic heart valves or acute aortic regurgitation.
183 o were taking warfarin because of mechanical heart valves or atrial fibrillation and who were compete
184         We analysed patients with mechanical heart valves or atrial fibrillation separately.
185 many future applications, such as artificial heart valves or elastocaloric cooling, in which more tha
186 gonists activated the reporter in either the heart valves or the liver.
187            Obstructive thrombosed prosthetic heart valve (OTPHV) is a serious complication of heart v
188  compared with 79% of patients with a tissue heart valve (P<0.001) and 78% of patients without a pros
189 th an MHV, in 5.1% of patients with a tissue heart valve (P<0.001), and in 4.9% of patients without a
190 th an MHV, in 1.5% of patients with a tissue heart valve (P=1.000), and in 0.2% of patients without a
191 g abuse, rheumatic heart disease, prosthetic heart valves, pacemakers, or immunodeficiency.
192 ing evaluated in the clinical realm for each heart valve, particularly for the aortic and mitral posi
193 gurgitation (TR) often accompanies left-side heart valve pathology and does not always reverse with i
194 -hospital mortality for aortic and/or mitral heart valve patients with or without concomitant CABG.
195        Based on a large national database of heart valve patients, this model has been evaluated succ
196 scopy are the main techniques for prosthetic heart valve (PHV) evaluation, but because of specific li
197 T/CT in patients with noninfected prosthetic heart valve (PHV).
198                 A large number of prosthetic heart valves (PHV) are being implanted in patients with
199  and Drug Administration approved prosthetic heart valves (PHV).
200                                   Prosthetic heart valves (PHVs) that require aortic root replacement
201 tion of good, albeit not perfect, prosthetic heart valves (PHVs) with data on patient outcomes with f
202 nduce similar patterns of gene expression in heart valve precursor cells was examined.
203                                  As with any heart valve-preserving procedure, patient selection and
204 he use of a balloon-expandable transcatheter heart valve previously resulted in a greater rate of dev
205  539 consecutive patients with previous left heart valve procedure (time interval from valve procedur
206 tricuspid regurgitation (TR) late after left heart valve procedure is frequent and associated with in
207 tly associated with survival late after left heart valve procedure.
208 the impact of significant TR late after left heart valve procedure.
209  are used in approximately 20% of the tissue heart valve procedures performed annually.
210 and counseling patients regarding choices in heart valve prostheses, the clinician should help the pa
211 st common causes of infections of prosthetic heart valves (prosthetic valve endocarditis [PVE]) and a
212 tER Valve Trial Edwards SAPIEN Transcatheter Heart Valve) randomized trial (cohorts A and B) and acco
213 pid deterioration observed in some allograft heart valve recipients is caused by disruptive interstit
214                                          The heart valve recipients were matched with 95,481 unexpose
215 rs results in cell fate changes in which the heart-valve region adopts the identity of differentiated
216 nd deposition of extracellular matrix in the heart-valve region.
217                           The United Kingdom Heart Valve Registry was interrogated for 1962 first-tim
218 ) or pathologically (high blood pressure and heart-valve regurgitation).
219 enter study to compare the frequency of left heart valve regurgitations in diabetic patients exposed
220 ignificant increase in the frequency of left heart valve regurgitations in diabetic patients.
221 ve risk (odds ratio) of mild or greater left heart valve regurgitations were significantly increased
222 re was the frequency of mild or greater left heart valve regurgitations.
223 dds of dying within 30 days after colectomy, heart valve repair/replacement, or abdominal aortic aneu
224                                 Percutaneous heart valve replacement (PHVR) is an emerging, catheter-
225  Danish population-based cohort study, using heart valve replacement as an instrumental variable.
226        An estimated 275,000 patients undergo heart valve replacement each year.
227                         The authors used the heart valve replacement instrument to estimate rate rati
228           Dialysis patients hospitalized for heart valve replacement surgery from 1978 to 1998 were r
229 t valve (OTPHV) is a serious complication of heart valve replacement.
230 dysfunction, and after mechanical prosthetic heart valve replacement.
231                     The Sapien transcatheter heart valve represents an alternative device with simila
232 core laboratory-based study of transcatheter heart valves revealed excellent durability of the transc
233 T cells in peripheral blood and in rheumatic heart valves revealed the presence of T cells crossreact
234 ew balloon-expandable Sapien 3 transcatheter heart valve (S3-THV) incorporates new features to reduce
235 support shared decision making in prosthetic heart valve selection does not lower decisional conflict
236 e patient decision aid to support prosthetic heart valve selection was recently developed.
237 tion of shared decision making in prosthetic heart valve selection.
238                        Those with prosthetic heart valves, significant mitral stenosis, and valvular
239 iews the evolving paradigm of a continuum of heart valve structure, function, and pathobiology and ex
240  high levels of scx expression in remodeling heart valve structures at embryonic day 15.5 through pos
241                                              Heart valve structures derived from mesenchymal cells of
242 cx(-/-) mice display significantly thickened heart valve structures from embryonic day 17.5, and valv
243                             Calcification of heart valve structures is the most common form of valvul
244                                              Heart valve structures, derived from mesenchyme precurso
245 ressed into adulthood in the vasculature and heart valves, suggesting later roles in vascular develop
246 ritain and Ireland on patients who underwent heart valve surgery between April 1995 and March 2003.
247                                              Heart valve surgery has an associated in-hospital mortal
248 n-hospital mortality for patients undergoing heart valve surgery to provide information to patients a
249 spid annuloplasty is recommended during left-heart valve surgery when the tricuspid annulus (TA) is d
250 lism, diabetics, cardiovascular disease, and heart valve surgery.
251 e procedural volume-outcome relationship for heart valve surgery.
252 rgitation are done at the time of left-sided heart valve surgery.
253 ions during coronary-artery bypass grafting, heart-valve surgery, or both between June 30, 1998, and
254 t with either a self-expanding transcatheter heart valve (Symetis ACURATE neo, n=129) or a balloon-ex
255 uccessful TAVR program is integration of the heart valve team.
256  addition, continuing advances in prosthetic heart valve technology make follow-up a moving target be
257 f homologous transcatheter tissue-engineered heart valves (TEHVs) was evaluated up to 24 weeks as pul
258 fined by infection of a native or prosthetic heart valve, the endocardial surface, or an indwelling c
259 ry of the latest generation of transcatheter heart valve, the SAPIEN 3 (Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine,
260        Furthermore, radiation can damage the heart valves, the conduction system, and pericardium, wh
261    With the rapid evolution of transcatheter heart valve therapies, the feasibility and safety of imp
262 AV with the balloon-expandable transcatheter heart valve (THV) (n = 48) or self-expandable THV (n = 9
263 requires stricter criteria for transcatheter heart valve (THV) approval, including randomized, clinic
264  and efficacy of the CoreValve transcatheter heart valve (THV) for the treatment of severe aortic ste
265 ography is performed to assess transcatheter heart valve (THV) function.
266                    The CENTERA transcatheter heart valve (THV) is a low-profile, self-expanding nitin
267            Differences between transcatheter heart valve (THV) size and MDCT measures of annular size
268 or determining the appropriate transcatheter heart valve (THV) size in patients with severe aortic st
269 ortic annulus is important for transcatheter heart valve (THV) sizing.
270 ext-generation, self-expanding transcatheter heart valve (THV) system in patients with severe symptom
271 aphic follow-up, the advent of transcatheter heart valve (THV) technologies coupled with the highly s
272 s, and predisposing factors of transcatheter heart valve (THV) thrombosis following transcatheter aor
273                                Transcatheter heart valve (THV) thrombosis has been increasingly repor
274 ence, timing, and treatment of transcatheter heart valve (THV) thrombosis.
275                 New generation transcatheter heart valves (THV) may improve clinical outcomes of tran
276 erexpanding balloon-expandable transcatheter heart valves (THV) when excessive oversizing is a concer
277 e implantation using different transcatheter heart valves (THV).
278 ons of currently available valve prosthesis, heart valve tissue engineering has emerged as a promisin
279 ew provides a brief overview of the field of heart valve tissue engineering, with emphasis on recent
280 of biological reagents to guide and regulate heart valve tissue engineering.
281 enselae, and Coxiella burnetii from surgical heart valve tissue specimens with an analytic sensitivit
282 present in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded heart valve tissue.
283            Blood circulation is dependent on heart valves to direct blood flow through the heart and
284 h balloon- and self-expandable transcatheter heart valves to transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve
285            In both the DVA and the Edinburgh Heart Valve trials, bioprosthesis were associated with s
286 not only the size but also the transcatheter heart valve type (self-expanding vs. balloon-expandable)
287 ning connective tissue homeostasis in mature heart valves using in vivo and in vitro approaches.
288 se of dabigatran in patients with mechanical heart valves was associated with increased rates of thro
289 on) and changes in regurgitant grade at each heart valve were evaluated.
290                        Therefore, developing heart valves were examined to determine if NFATc1 functi
291 rate to severe mitral stenosis or mechanical heart valves were excluded from the trial.
292 jork-Shiley convexoconcave (BSCC) prosthetic heart valves were implanted in 1978.
293                         Autologous semilunar heart valves were then created in vitro using mesenchyma
294 ycosaminoglycans that are exposed on injured heart valves, where bacteria attach and form vegetations
295  mechanical anisotropy in the MVAL and other heart valves, which is essential to heart valve function
296 l outcomes in pregnant women with mechanical heart valves who received different methods of anticoagu
297 nplace to safely replace damaged or diseased heart valves with mechanical and biological prostheses.
298 imitations, the concept of tissue engineered heart valves with self-repair capacity has been introduc
299 ity and safety of implanting a transcatheter heart valve within a failed tissue valve has been establ
300 n of the device, intended performance of the heart valve without moderate or severe regurgitation, an

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