ライフサイエンスコーパス: herbivorous

1 e insect orders, but they are overwhelmingly herbivorous.

2 y have been predominantly if not exclusively herbivorous.

3 Interestingly, notoungulates were mostly herbivorous and acquired high-crowned teeth very early i

4 Manipulating snail densities revealed that herbivorous and bull-dozing snails (Littorina littorea)

5 lains differences in scaling exponents among herbivorous and carnivorous mammals and birds.

6 robial activity mirrored differences between herbivorous and carnivorous mammals, reflecting trade-of

7 obiomes, including other reptiles, fish, and herbivorous and carnivorous mammals.

8 However, rodents are primarily herbivorous and exhibit a variety of gastrointestinal an

9 apture in the gastrointestinal tract of many herbivorous and omnivorous mammals, including humans and

10 % of the >7,800 species are considered to be herbivorous, and herbivory is restricted to lizards.

11 This suggests that eleutherodontids are herbivorous, and probably specialized for granivory or f

12 Herbivorous animal dung offers opportunities for discove

13 As free-living organisms and symbionts of herbivorous animals, Actinobacteria contribute to the gl

14 Especially in herbivorous animals, specialized organs (the rumen, cecu

15 ical functions to their hosts, especially in herbivorous animals.

16 ive independent origins of symbioses between herbivorous ants and related Rhizobiales.

17 Urbanization affects communities of herbivorous arthropods and provides opportunities for dr

18 micals are emitted in response to feeding by herbivorous arthropods and serve to guide predators and

19 e prediction that populations of terrestrial herbivorous arthropods are regulated solely by their nat

20 Natural enemies of herbivorous arthropods generally are not top predators w

21 of vertebrate insectivores on predatory and herbivorous arthropods were positively correlated.

22 ces or provide other ecosystem resources for herbivorous arthropods, and indirectly serve carnivorous

23 , bats, or lizards on predaceous arthropods, herbivorous arthropods, and plants.

24 A new, bizarre herbivorous basal tetanuran from the Upper Jurassic of C

25 s are usually presumed to have been strictly herbivorous, because their derived teeth and jaws were c

26 l migration, the control of phytoplankton by herbivorous becomes possible even for very large concent

27 ing ash dieback, and in North America by the herbivorous beetle Agrilus planipennis.

28 large-scale molecular phylogeny for weevils (herbivorous beetles in the superfamily Curculionoidea),

29 The extraordinary diversity of herbivorous beetles is usually attributed to coevolution

30 tophaga, the largest and oldest radiation of herbivorous beetles, was reconstructed from 115 complete

31 ambient light conditions, phytoplankton, and herbivorous biomass.

32 Herbivorous birds are hypothesized to migrate in spring

33 ility that is consistent with that of extant herbivorous birds.

34 thyl mercury (THg and MeHg, respectively) in herbivorous (Calanus hyperboreus) and predatory (Chaetog

35 nt to explain the movement of nearly half of herbivorous caribou and a quarter of omnivorous grizzly

36 t allowed this mutualism to become the prime herbivorous component of neotropical ecosystems has rema

37 me docodontans had a diet with a substantial herbivorous component, distinctive from the faunivorous

38 ion of carnivores in ridding plants of their herbivorous consumers, as opposed to directly poisoning

39 nsumption rates in three dominant species of herbivorous copepods (Calanus finmarchicus, Calanus glac

40 an cause salt marsh die-off by releasing the herbivorous crab Sesarma reticulatum from predator contr

41 depletion on Cape Cod (USA) has released the herbivorous crab Sesarmareticulatum from predator contro

42 The shift to a more herbivorous diet at warmer temperatures is in agreement

43 A shift to a more herbivorous diet occurred in several anthropoid lineages

44 s allows us to investigate adaptations to an herbivorous diet, as well as to the especially challengi

45 a beak in coelurosaurians correlates with an herbivorous diet.

46 s carp's adaptation from a carnivorous to an herbivorous diet.

47 s Mammalia with carnivorous, omnivorous, and herbivorous dietary specializations, focusing on Felidae

48 evidence challenges conventional notions of herbivorous dinosaur diets and reveals a degree of dieta

49 Gansu Province, China has the largest known herbivorous dinosaur teeth.

50 Ornithopods were key herbivorous dinosaurs in Mesozoic terrestrial ecosystems

51 xtrinsically founded proxies for identifying herbivorous ecomorphology in fossils and are robust desp

52 nistic interactions between plants and their herbivorous enemies.

53 and bacteria in the soil or associated with herbivorous eukaryotes.

54 Predacious and herbivorous feeding interactions are better predicted th

55 vorous plankton will shift from predatory to herbivorous feeding with climate warming, as consumers r

56 In the Caribbean, over-fishing of large herbivorous fish and disease among the long-spined urchi

57 accumulation of slow-growing, large-bodied, herbivorous fish at high biomass.

58 ttern is explained by trophic replacement of herbivorous fish by sea urchins at low biomass and the a

59 We surveyed roving herbivorous fish communities and quantified their capaci

60 The largest herbivorous fish in the Atlantic, Scarus guacamaia, has

61 Herbivorous fish movements were largely confined to the

62 Macroalgal, zoanthid, and herbivorous fish populations are generally predicted to

63 aging behaviour and herbivory rates of large herbivorous fishes (e.g. parrotfishes and surgeonfishes)

64 We show that with increasing risk, herbivorous fishes consumed dramatically less food (ca.

65 Complementary feeding by herbivorous fishes drove the herbivore richness effects,

66 Concurrently, herbivorous fishes have been severely overfished in many

67 with increases in the relative diversity of herbivorous fishes in tropical parts of the ocean.

68 linary approach to test if higher biomass of herbivorous fishes inside a no-take marine reserve makes

69 tance from the predator decoy to examine how herbivorous fishes reconcile the conflicting demands of

70 acoustic telemetry to determine fidelity of herbivorous fishes to the unfished reef, and (3) used me

71 The diversity and abundance of herbivorous fishes was extremely low, with eight species

72 r water, when density of juvenile corals and herbivorous fishes was relatively high and when nutrient

73 ve quantified rapid removal of macroalgae by herbivorous fishes, yet how these findings relate to deg

74 sequencing to determine diet composition of herbivorous fishes.

75 hly sensitive to a change in the stress upon herbivorous fishes.

76 Herbivorous flies in the genus Scaptomyza (Drosophilidae

77 s a remarkable evolutionary convergence with herbivorous gliders in Theria.

78 th a decline in the health status of largely herbivorous green turtles (Chelonia mydas) in the 2 year

79 Earlier studies conducted on herbivorous guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) have been used

80 re known to perform a number of services for herbivorous hosts such as fibre fermentation and the deg

81 ples collected from phylogenetically diverse herbivorous hosts.

82 investigated trophic interactions between an herbivorous insect (Sitobion calvulum, Aphididae), a woo

83 gmentation sometimes results in outbreaks of herbivorous insect and causes an enormous loss of primar

84 Plants frequently respond to herbivorous insect attack by synthesizing defense protei

85 tween plants and insect eggs and ask how the herbivorous insect copes with egg-induced plant defenses

86 We suggest that neotropical herbivorous insect diversity is not simply a function of

87 We give evidence that an herbivorous insect employs effectors that interact with

88 Cotton plants attacked by herbivorous insect pests emit relatively large amounts o

89 s in delaying the evolution of resistance by herbivorous insect pests to transgenic host plants conta

90 isolation and morphological variation among herbivorous insect populations-a prerequisite for ecolog

91 by relieving protein limitation, increasing herbivorous insect populations.

92 Herbivorous insect species are constantly challenged wit

93 order Coleoptera and a similar proportion of herbivorous insect species.

94 is (Arabidopsis thaliana) and the generalist herbivorous insect Spodoptera littoralis, little is know

95 enetic architecture of feeding behavior in a herbivorous insect that has become a model for the study

96 Herbivorous insects also influence carbon and nutrient d

97 ucial roles in regulating plant responses to herbivorous insects and microbial pathogens and is an im

98 cted strategies to defend themselves against herbivorous insects and microbial pathogens.

99 e may shift interactions of invasive plants, herbivorous insects and native plants, potentially affec

100 monate perception and plant defenses against herbivorous insects and necrotrophic fungi.

101 I use herbivorous insects and their host plants as a model, bu

102 The diversity of modern herbivorous insects and their pressure on plant hosts ge

103 can be significant sources of mortality for herbivorous insects and therefore important agents of na

104 to defend against necrotrophic pathogens and herbivorous insects apparently without influencing plant

105 crypt volatile plant signals is essential if herbivorous insects are to optimize their choice of host

106 host plant quality affects the fecundity of herbivorous insects at both the individual and the popul

107 Plants can defend themselves from herbivorous insects by emitting volatile chemical signal

108 ce mechanisms employed by plants to fend off herbivorous insects can increase Darwinian fitness.

109 Emergence of polyphagous herbivorous insects entails significant adaptation to re

110 ect egg deposition and thus resist attack by herbivorous insects from the beginning of the attack, eg

111 The diversity of tropical herbivorous insects has been explained as a direct funct

112 microbe effector paradigm can be extended to herbivorous insects in that effector-target interactions

113 The low diversity of both plants and herbivorous insects in this Paleocene Neotropical rainfo

114 in more modest host shifts or expansions in herbivorous insects is less clear.

115 Host plant shifts of herbivorous insects may be a first step toward sympatric

116 We conclude that herbivorous insects may limit the capacity of forests to

117 Intraclutch cannibalism in herbivorous insects might be a ubiquitous strategy, aime

118 The herbivorous insects of tropical forests constitute some

119 model, we show that the negative impacts of herbivorous insects on net primary production more than

120 Invasive ants and herbivorous insects provide some of the most dramatic ex

121 nd promote disease, the host cell targets of herbivorous insects remain elusive.

122 Much of the diversity of herbivorous insects stems from the adaptive divergence o

123 e organic compounds in response to damage by herbivorous insects that may serve as cues to locate tho

124 The adaptation of herbivorous insects to their host plants is hypothesized

125 Among herbivorous insects with a complete metamorphosis the la

126 the most diverse group of primary consumers, herbivorous insects, and found that in general top-down

127 n plant responses to microbial pathogens and herbivorous insects, and in the interaction of plants wi

128 ngth of forces exerted by natural enemies on herbivorous insects, and thus the necessity of using a t

129 ntly has reduced chemical resistance against herbivorous insects, improving herbivore and natural ene

130 In contrast to herbivorous insects, most crustaceans have very broad di

131 For herbivorous insects, one such mechanism leading to an in

132 or the frequent divergence and speciation of herbivorous insects.

133 one, that protect the plants against various herbivorous insects.

134 leaves, and evidence for a high diversity of herbivorous insects.

135 ism for resistance to necrotrophic fungi and herbivorous insects.

136 lso required for successful defenses against herbivorous insects.

137 proteins and exhibit increased resistance to herbivorous insects.

138 nderstand the effects of changing forests on herbivorous insects.

139 t mediates defenses of tomato plants against herbivorous insects.

140 o witnessed the rise of angiosperms and most herbivorous insects.

141 n (VSP) could play a role in defense against herbivorous insects.

142 loring the host plant selection behaviour of herbivorous insects.

143 ity is a key determinant of the fecundity of herbivorous insects.

144 invertebrates with younger diet ages such as herbivorous insects.

145 Among those are attacks from herbivorous insects.

146 rates, most studies are focused on tropical, herbivorous invertebrates.

147 Laboratory feeding experiments with two herbivorous isopod crustaceans, Porcellio scaber (woodlo

148 Its craniofacial anatomy reveals that it was herbivorous, large-eyed and agile, with well-developed h

149 rial phytopathogen Pseudomonas syringae, and herbivorous larvae of the moth Trichoplusia ni (cabbage

150 ivorous lizards and to existing theory, most herbivorous liolaemids are small bodied and live in cool

151 e skull of Uromastyx hardwickii, an akinetic herbivorous lizard.

152 Furthermore, in contrast to other herbivorous lizards and to existing theory, most herbivo

153 plants exhibited reduced resistance against herbivorous M. sexta larvae and the necrotrophic fungal

154 If the food intake of the largest herbivorous mammals defines the maximal rate at which pl

155 of high-crowned cheek teeth (hypsodonty) in herbivorous mammals during the late Cenozoic is classica

156 Furthermore, endemic herbivorous mammals show accelerated tooth crown height

157 sy habitats and the evolution of long-legged herbivorous mammals with high-crowned cheek teeth have b

158 gut microbes have facilitated the success of herbivorous mammals, which are generally grouped into fo

159 mably as predation or thermal refuge, by the herbivorous mangrove tree crab Aratus pisonii.

160 are long-lived, highly migratory, primarily herbivorous mega-consumers that may migrate over hundred

161 quent rapid extinctions of these terrestrial herbivorous megafauna are likely to have led to signific

162 etation cover and soil quality, and diets of herbivorous megafaunal mammals, many of which became ext

163 systems of bean plants (Phaseolus lunatus), herbivorous mites (Tetranychus urticae) and predatory mi

164 Furthermore, two Se-resistant herbivorous moths were discovered on A. bisulcatus, one

165 alization should minimize niche overlap, yet herbivorous neotropical flies (Blepharoneura) and their

166 n extensively sampled molecular phylogeny of herbivorous Neotropical leaf beetles in the genus Cephal

167 , lived in nonagricultural habitats and were herbivorous or predatory.

168 ergent craniodental characteristics in three herbivorous, phylogenetically disparate dinosaur clades

169 omnivorous species and one-third or more of herbivorous, piscivorous, and scavenger species are exti

170 ical constraints that explain the paucity of herbivorous reptile species.

171 epizootic that reduced the abundance of the herbivorous sea urchin, Diadema antillarum.

172 These seedlings were preferred by herbivorous sea urchins in feeding trials, which could p

173 tlantic coast of North America, the dominant herbivorous snail Littorina littorea structures rocky in

174 On the other hand, outbreaks of herbivorous species often are triggered by abundant or s

175 These Jurassic fossils represent volant, herbivorous stem mammaliaforms associated with pre-angio

176 Herbivorous surgeonfishes are an ecologically successful

177 tioning driver in the nutritional ecology of herbivorous surgeonfishes.

178 dings illustrate that their diets range from herbivorous to predaceous, with "herbivores" feeding pri

179 for repetitive patterns in the appearance of herbivorous traits within sublineages using rank concord

180 Notable among the surveyed hosts were herbivorous "turtle ants" from the related genera Cephal

181 ienced mass disease-induced mortality of the herbivorous urchin Diadema antillarum in 1983 and two fr

182 Additionally, pikas are herbivorous, with some populations exhibiting remarkable

183 resembled those of baleen whales feeding on herbivorous zooplankton in the Arctic.

184 real and subarctic lakes showed that diet of herbivorous zooplankton is mainly based on high-quality

185 show non-sigmoid nature of response for most herbivorous zooplankton species.

186 the flux of particulate carbon available to herbivorous zooplankton, this food source accounted for