ライフサイエンスコーパス: hermaphrodite

1 ryos (males) but repressed in 2X:2A embryos (hermaphrodites).

2 odioecious (populations consist of males and hermaphrodites).

3 ed for activation by the male but not by the hermaphrodite.

4 nervous system of the Caenorhabditis elegans hermaphrodite.

5 stressed and unstressed individuals are both hermaphrodite.

6 gland cells (RGC) located in the gut of the hermaphrodite.

7 d mate searching in the male, but not in the hermaphrodite.

8 ells (VPCs), which generate the vulva in the hermaphrodite.

9 briggsae might once have been a facultative hermaphrodite.

10 s, Caenorhabditis elegans, is a self-fertile hermaphrodite.

11 orhabditis elegans primarily reproduces as a hermaphrodite.

12 ge in the female system of this simultaneous hermaphrodite.

13 tive success over time, using a simultaneous hermaphrodite.

14 ID produced functional eggs, or self-fertile hermaphrodites.

15 es to have higher seed fitness compared with hermaphrodites.

16 aphrodites), including long-lived or sterile hermaphrodites.

17 tant developmental delay in rict-1 males and hermaphrodites.

18 digm predicts that this should also hold for hermaphrodites.

19 rodites was higher than that of restored CMS hermaphrodites.

20 is programmed in both sexes but repressed in hermaphrodites.

21 ood of carrying restorer alleles for non-CMS hermaphrodites.

22 ously identified from Caenorhabditis elegans hermaphrodites.

23 d-type males preferentially mated with older hermaphrodites.

24 ingent on the absence of active sperm in the hermaphrodites.

25 n expression and inhibit sperm production in hermaphrodites.

26 cinal leeches (Hirudo spp.) are simultaneous hermaphrodites.

27 tigated three approaches to producing hybrid hermaphrodites.

28 rodites and in both the germline and soma of hermaphrodites.

29 omones at concentrations that repel solitary hermaphrodites.

30 ds no longer attract males and instead deter hermaphrodites.

31 that masculinize all tissues of C. briggsae hermaphrodites.

32 , whereas only one, unc-55a, was detected in hermaphrodites.

33 tor, it occurs primarily as self-fertilizing hermaphrodites.

34 pressed to restore homeostasis to C. elegans hermaphrodites.

35 art of a core nervous system also present in hermaphrodites.

36 specific mutations is less efficient than in hermaphrodites.

37 egans males exhibit different behaviors than hermaphrodites.

38 tive memory (LTAM) in Caenorhabditis elegans hermaphrodites.

39 ation and intense inbreeding by simultaneous hermaphrodites.

40 e transcription from the X between males and hermaphrodites.

41 males and the Y(h) regions of 12 cultivated hermaphrodites.

42 eromone triggers avoidance behavior in adult hermaphrodites [3-7].

43 l polymorphism, produces males, females, and hermaphrodites [3].

44 s of the species Caenorhabditis remanei into hermaphrodites [6], their sperm were significantly small

45 The co-existence of males, females and hermaphrodites, a rare mating system known as trioecy, h

46 Loss of both snf-10 and a hermaphrodite activation factor render sperm completely

47 Excretory pore plugs are injurious and hermaphrodite activity is compromised in plep-1 mutants,

48 As Caenorhabditis elegans hermaphrodites age, sperm become depleted, ovulation arr

49 Specifically, males crossed with females or hermaphrodites always generate 1:1 male:female or male:h

50 system characterized by the co-occurrence of hermaphrodite and female individuals, generally as the r

51 Knockdown of multiple DCC components in hermaphrodite and male animals indicates that the dauer

52 he connectomes of the Caenorhabditis elegans hermaphrodite and male nervous systems reveals the exist

53 ips and regulate both sperm release into the hermaphrodite and the recovery from post-coital lethargy

54 tis have a high frequency of self-compatible hermaphrodites and a low frequency of males.

55 lex (DCC) localizes to both X chromosomes in hermaphrodites and downregulates gene expression 2-fold.

56 ystem in plants where populations consist of hermaphrodites and females.

57 ution of crossovers changes with age in both hermaphrodites and females.

58 f sexually antagonistic alleles that benefit hermaphrodites and harm males [5, 11], or neither of the

59 Laf-1 mRNA is expressed in both males and hermaphrodites and in both the germline and soma of herm

60 dioecy to androdioecy (a sexual system where hermaphrodites and males coexist), offering an excellent

61 Thus, crosses between XX hermaphrodites and males yield exclusively male progeny.

62 from androdioecious species (which have both hermaphrodites and males), as predicted by the lower lev

63 ively regulating expression of tra-2 in both hermaphrodites and males.

64 ides a niche for germline stem cells in both hermaphrodites and males.

65 the sexes in overall morphology (two arms in hermaphrodites and one in males) and in the cell types c

66 l X-linked transgenes is balanced between XX hermaphrodites and XO males.

67 n, which balances gene expression between XX hermaphrodites and XO males.

68 xplore their environment in search of mates (hermaphrodites) and will leave food if mating partners a

69 ntrations: ascr#3, which is more abundant in hermaphrodites, and ascr#10, which is more abundant in m

70 uscle contraction in the defecation cycle in hermaphrodites, and spicule eversion during mating in th

71 sex-specific small molecule cues secreted by hermaphrodites, and that these preferences emerge from t

72 tivity and quiescence in feeding and fasting hermaphrodites, and we define the neural circuits throug

73 oductive strategy and the effects harmful to hermaphrodites appear to be collateral damage rather tha

74 When hermaphrodites are grown under favorable conditions, the

75 is conclusion, in androdioecious species the hermaphrodites are more vulnerable, the males more benig

76 C. elegans and C. briggsae hermaphrodites are not affected by this factor.

77 t is able to attach to, and grow within, the hermaphrodite as well as wild-type bacteria but subseque

78 In nematodes, androdioecy (males/hermaphrodites) as found in Caenorhabditis elegans, is t

79 sixty sensory cilia in the C. elegans adult hermaphrodite at high resolution.

80 of sensory neuron cilia in adult C. elegans hermaphrodites at high resolution.

81 Hermaphrodite attraction to indole ascarosides depends o

82 ces ASK responses in social strains, causing hermaphrodite attraction to pheromones at concentrations

83 roside C9 (ascr#3) is repulsive to wild-type hermaphrodites, attractive to wild-type males, and usual

84 Changes in hermaphrodite attractiveness are tied to the production

85 behaviors include chemotaxis and response to hermaphrodites, backing, turning, vulva location, spicul

86 Thus, newly evolving hermaphrodites became self-fertile by co-opting either o

87 may present a larger mutational target than hermaphrodites because of the different ways in which fi

88 elegans males cause faster somatic aging of hermaphrodites but also manipulate different aspects of

89 es-animals that appear morphologically to be hermaphrodites but have a masculinized core nervous syst

90 ion, adult C. elegans males are attracted to hermaphrodites by a previously unidentified small-molecu

91 biological property--contact recognition of hermaphrodites by males during mating--was also found to

92 all cholinergic neuron types in the male and hermaphrodite C. elegans nervous system.

93 ng of the genomes of C. elegans and a second hermaphrodite, C. briggsae, was facilitated in part by t

94 In npr-1 mutant hermaphrodites, C9 repulsion is reduced by the recruitme

95 The hermaphrodite Caenorhabditis elegans germline has become

96 Simultaneous hermaphrodites can function in both male and female role

97 re of at least three ascarosides produced by hermaphrodites causes male-specific attraction.

98 ditis sp. SB347, in which males, females and hermaphrodites co-exist.

99 Similarly, when hermaphrodites co-occur with males, selection should fav

100 ynodioecy, a sexual system where females and hermaphrodites co-occur, is found in << 1% of angiosperm

101 Both restored CMS and non-CMS hermaphrodites co-occur.

102 plants, such as gynodioecy where females and hermaphrodites coexist.

103 tion coefficient against mutations affecting hermaphrodite competitive fitness agree to within two-fo

104 itive fitness is 0.17%/generation; that of hermaphrodite competitive fitness is 0.11%/generation.

105 ficantly different from zero, whereas VM for hermaphrodite competitive fitness is similar to that of

106 in which they enhance male responsiveness to hermaphrodite contact.

107 pressor of female development drives male-to-hermaphrodite conversion.

108 present evidence of a Caenorhabditis elegans hermaphrodite-derived cue that stimulates male mating-re

109 at has a negative but reversible effect on a hermaphrodite-derived mating cue that regulates male mat

110 Mutations in the spe-8 group genes result in hermaphrodite-derived spermatids that cannot activate to

111 Periodic contact with the hermaphrodite detected through ray neurons changes the m

112 Hermaphrodites develop through an obligatory nonfeeding

113 ress xol-1 and downstream as an activator of hermaphrodite development and dosage compensation.

114 We identified a critical regulator of hermaphrodite development in C. briggsae, named she-1.

115 nto the sex-determination pathway to control hermaphrodite development, but these genes have distinct

116 In the presence of males, hermaphrodites did not evolve, probably because they wer

117 Hermaphrodites display reduced susceptibility to the C.

118 The hermaphrodite distal tip cell (hDTC) also provides "lead

119 are rare, and the evolutionary interests of hermaphrodites dominate.

120 sensory neurons detect C9 and, in wild-type hermaphrodites, drive C9 repulsion through their chemica

121 is elegans male copulatory spicules into the hermaphrodite during mating.

122 the X chromosomes are delayed in mes mutant hermaphrodite embryos.

123 tly activated male developmental programs in hermaphrodite embryos.

124 ctly alternating environments, we found that hermaphrodites evolved the ability to increase embryo gl

125 s, and one subdioecious (males, females, and hermaphrodites), F. virginiana--share the same sex-deter

126 d XX animals is translated into the male vs. hermaphrodite fate by the synergistic action of multiple

127 d the mechanisms that regulate female versus hermaphrodite fate in Rhabditis sp. SB347.

128 epress xol-1 in XX animals, thereby inducing hermaphrodite fate.

129 anema rhodensis [5] varies according to sex (hermaphrodite, female, or male) and type of gametogenesi

130 nt within the three genders; dark female and hermaphrodite flowers had higher sugar content than ligh

131 Most expression changes relative to hermaphrodite flowers occurred in females rather than ma

132 es evolved recently and one which maintained hermaphrodite flowers resembling the ancestral state, to

133 ages of bud development, in male, female and hermaphrodite flowers, identified new loci outside of an

134 ages of bud development, in male, female and hermaphrodite flowers, identified new loci outside of an

135 , to target the DCC to both X chromosomes of hermaphrodites for chromosome-wide reduction of gene exp

136 equencing (RAD-seq) of 47 males, females and hermaphrodites from one dioecious and one androdioecious

137 s nematode species have evolved self-fertile hermaphrodites from the obligately outcrossing females o

138 In C. elegans hermaphrodites, gamete production begins with spermatoge

139 the male disengages or is dislodged from the hermaphrodite genitalia.

140 y that governs the sperm/egg decision in the hermaphrodite germ line of Caenorhabditis elegans has be

141 The distal end of the adult hermaphrodite germline contains the proliferative zone,

142 ffects, for example, the slower aging of the hermaphrodite germline in the presence of physiologicall

143 The hermaphrodite germline of Caenorhabditis elegans initial

144 specific mRNAs from being transcribed in the hermaphrodite germline.

145 morphogenesis, the final U-shapes of the two hermaphrodite gonad arms are determined by migration of

146 he distinct physiological environment of the hermaphrodite gonad.

147 om two equivalent pre-AC/pre-VU cells in the hermaphrodite gonad.

148 s (GSCs) with properties similar to those of hermaphrodite GSCs (lack of cell cycle quiescence and la

149 As expected, females and hermaphrodites had different nectar reward, with interme

150 tip morphology is highly dimorphic: whereas hermaphrodites have a whip-like, tapered tail tip, the m

151 oting attraction or aggregation of wild-type hermaphrodites have been identified.

152 Self-fertile hermaphrodites have evolved independently several times

153 ious and androdioecious populations and that hermaphrodites have likely evolved from females.

154 he evolution of internal self-fertilization, hermaphrodites have lost the ability to respond to the m

155 s at these loci reveals that both female and hermaphrodite heterogamety exist in this species.

156 t for the high frequency of males found with hermaphrodites in a common Mediterranean shrub.

157 Because this species never makes hermaphrodites in the wild, this dimorphism cannot be du

158 cific attraction and aggregation signals for hermaphrodites, in contrast to ascarosides lacking the i

159 ife span of individuals of the opposite sex (hermaphrodites), including long-lived or sterile hermaph

160 Multiple muscle types are impaired in the hermaphrodites, including body wall muscles, pharyngeal

161 ch have populations consisting of female and hermaphrodite individuals, usually have complex sex dete

162 Caenorhabditis elegans hermaphrodites initiate spermatogenesis in an otherwise

163 A simultaneous hermaphrodite is capable of functioning in both male and

164 aying behavior of the Caenorhabditis elegans hermaphrodite is regulated by G protein signaling pathwa

165 f proliferative germ cells in the C. elegans hermaphrodite is sensitive to the organismal environment

166 n of embryos in the uterus of the C. elegans hermaphrodite is therefore under the control of a presum

167 Ectopic expression of EGL-5 in hermaphrodites is sufficient to induce male gonadal gene

168 Caenorhabditis elegans produces self-fertile hermaphrodites, it descended from a male/female species,

169 re ciliated nervous system of both males and hermaphrodites, loss of ccpp-1 causes progressive defect

170 These XX hermaphrodites make smaller sperm than males [3, 4], whi

171 However, hermaphrodites mating in the absence of males evolved gr

172 lore the X chromosome behavior in female and hermaphrodite meioses.

173 If hermaphrodites occur among females, selection should fav

174 The derived hermaphrodite of C. elegans has regulated spermatogenesi

175 ed, first larval stage (L1) of the wild-type hermaphrodite of Caenorhabditis elegans at single-cell r

176 o date, only the wiring diagram of the adult hermaphrodite of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has

177 We tested these predictions by allowing hermaphrodites of the plant Mercurialis annua to evolve

178 d two pairs of uterine cells in reproductive hermaphrodites only.

179 ant changes in crossover distribution in the hermaphrodite oocyte in response to temperature.

180 nsfer, culminating in cross-fertilization of hermaphrodite oocytes with male sperm.

181 ogenesis to yield haplo-X oocytes, during XX hermaphrodite oogenesis they segregate to the first pola

182 s between two individuals each chosen from a hermaphrodite or monoecious species.

183 is effect is to the benefit of the male, the hermaphrodite, or both.

184 Y(h) divergence supports the hypothesis that hermaphrodite papaya is a product of human domestication

185 ancestral male population that domesticated hermaphrodite papayas were selected from.

186 pses in a hybrid manner in both the male and hermaphrodite pattern before sexual maturation.

187 hich represses the transcription of dmd-3 in hermaphrodite PHC.

188 , which are implicated in male attraction to hermaphrodite pheromones.

189 linized core nervous system-are attracted to hermaphrodite pheromones.

190 hat C. elegans males chemotax to a source of hermaphrodite pheromones.

191 omply with 'the inability of a fully fertile hermaphrodite plant to produce zygotes when self-pollina

192 mutation which impairs pollen production in hermaphrodite plants.

193 cy or androdioecy, where males co-occur with hermaphrodites rather than females) have occurred more t

194 Second, hermaphrodites recognize pheromone as male if the concen

195 C. elegans hermaphrodites reproduce by internal self-fertilization,

196 s sperm are very efficient at navigating the hermaphrodite reproductive tract and locating oocytes.

197 ilization site in the Caenorhabditis elegans hermaphrodite reproductive tract.

198 Although C. elegans hermaphrodites require fog-2, which encodes an F box pro

199 Sexual attraction in derepressed hermaphrodites requires the same sensory neurons as in m

200 predicted, it has now been demonstrated that hermaphrodites respond to the removal of males from expe

201 ses the magnitude and the sensitivity of the hermaphrodite response to the male pheromone, restrictin

202 ty acids in embryos produced by bpl-1 mutant hermaphrodites, revealing a critical role for BPL-1 in l

203 duce and guide a contact-based search of the hermaphrodite's surface for the vulva (the vulva search)

204 les from their tail and insert them into the hermaphrodite's vulva during mating.

205 As the male tail presses against the hermaphrodite's vulva, cholinergic and glutamatergic rec

206 In C. elegans, males and hermaphrodites secrete similar blends of pheromone molec

207 ites always generate 1:1 male:female or male:hermaphrodite sex ratios, respectively, regardless of th

208 es has similar sarcomere morphology, but the hermaphrodite sex-determination system promotes more gro

209 Sex allocation in hermaphrodites should evolve in response to changes in t

210 tial aspects, suggest that self-incompatible hermaphrodites should have a twofold advantage over dioe

211 The hermaphrodite signal is conveyed by male-specific intern

212 eh-18-dependent sperm-sensing pathway of the hermaphrodite somatic gonad.

213 a sex-linked genes in S. vulgaris (a related hermaphrodite species without sex chromosomes).

214 on of synapses in the Caenorhabditis elegans hermaphrodite-specific motor neuron (HSNL) was mediated

215 entify genes important for inhibition of the hermaphrodite-specific motor neurons (HSNs) that stimula

216 y vertebrate orthologs of genes required for hermaphrodite-specific neuron (HSN) migration in Caenory

217 ation and serotonin antibody staining of the hermaphrodite-specific neuron (HSN) pair.

218 of the transgene from only two neurons, the hermaphrodite-specific neurons (HSNs), and showed that G

219 Hermaphrodite-specific neurons (HSNs), the executive neu

220 sex-specific neurons such as the egg laying hermaphrodite-specific neurons (HSNs), VCs, and male CAs

221 ate the activity of the spontaneously active hermaphrodite-specific neurons (HSNs), which control the

222 riven by a pair of serotonergic neurons, the hermaphrodite-specific neurons (HSNs).

223 lele of the transcription factor HAM-1 [HSN (Hermaphrodite-Specific Neurons) Abnormal Migration].

224 2 or by the selective expression of grk-2 in hermaphrodite-specific neurons.

225 y sex chromosome evolution, we sequenced the hermaphrodite-specific region of the Y(h) chromosome (HS

226 The hermaphrodite-specific region of the Y(h) chromosome (HS

227 The papaya X and the hermaphrodite-specific region of the Y(h) chromosome and

228 However, no examples of a female- or hermaphrodite-specific sex attractant have been identifi

229 Furthermore, the onset of hermaphrodite-specific transcription of sdc-2 (which tri

230 pecificity of dmd-3 action is ensured by the hermaphrodite-specific transcriptional master regulator

231 ess is achieved in Caenorhabditis elegans by hermaphrodite-specific, dosage compensation complex (DCC

232 ntly, little is known about how simultaneous hermaphrodites specify and maintain male and female orga

233 ly labeled sperm revealed that both male and hermaphrodite sperm lacking GSP-3/4 are immotile.

234 nhr-6 is required for the development of the hermaphrodite spermatheca, a somatic gonad organ that se

235 During hermaphrodite spermatogenesis, the sister chromatids of

236 ngly, this is to promote, rather than limit, hermaphrodite spermatogenesis.

237 which facilitates a systematic search of the hermaphrodite surface for the vulva.

238 Conversely, expression of dmd-3 in the hermaphrodite tail tip is sufficient to trigger fusion a

239 1 normally represses dmd-3 expression in the hermaphrodite tail tip, accounting for the sexual specif

240 Here, we show that hermaphrodites that are briefly exposed to ascr#3 immedi

241 cused on somatic aging, we identified mutant hermaphrodites that displayed extended periods of pharyn

242 with and successfully inseminate C. elegans hermaphrodites that do not concurrently harbor sperm.

243 In this paper, we focus on hermaphrodites that nourish post-zygotic stages, e.g. fl

244 In hermaphrodites the PHC neurons display a canonical patte

245 In the Caenorhabditis elegans hermaphrodite, the developmental sex-determination casca

246 ication of male germ cells in a simultaneous hermaphrodite, the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea.

247 tween Caenorhabditis elegans XO males and XX hermaphrodites through a dosage compensation complex (DC

248 A), which regulates the sex ratio of male to hermaphrodite tissues during the reproductive cycle.

249 e released throughout the body cavity of the hermaphrodite to encounter, and colonize, the developing

250 al depressor development in larval males and hermaphrodites to address how a differentiated cell sex-

251 Self-incompatibility, the ability of hermaphrodites to enforce outcrossing, is frequently los

252 imal deployment of reproductive resources by hermaphrodites to male versus female function (i.e., the

253 without mating and required only exposure of hermaphrodites to medium in which males were once presen

254 eath cell precursors in L1 to early L2 stage hermaphrodites to permit gonadogenesis.

255 iven by its own promoter allows spe-5 mutant hermaphrodites to produce progeny, indicating that VHA-1

256 I(DC) binds specifically to X chromosomes in hermaphrodites to regulate transcript levels.

257 The DCC binds to both X chromosomes of hermaphrodites to repress transcription by half.

258 n (tm3715) in one such gene (F28D1.8) caused hermaphrodites to show a male germline-dependent self-st

259 we found that males are less attracted than hermaphrodites to the food-associated odorant diacetyl,

260 We grew tetraploid and hexaploid hermaphrodites under different levels of nutrient availa

261 Under adverse conditions, hermaphrodites undergo a prolonged quiescent period as d

262 way to activate sperm, whereas C. tropicalis hermaphrodites use a TRY-5 serine protease pathway.

263 ing, we show that C. elegans and C. briggsae hermaphrodites use the SPE-8 tyrosine kinase pathway to

264 velocity and inhibiting reversals within the hermaphrodite uterus.

265 ences in reproductive mode (self-fertilizing hermaphrodites versus females) in determining its severi

266 were co-opted for sex determination in each hermaphrodite via their long-standing association with g

267 uring mating so that the male can respond to hermaphrodite vulva efficiently.

268 ry plug is a gelatinous mass that covers the hermaphrodite vulva, and its deposition decreases the ma

269 mproved pkd-2 male response toward spermless hermaphrodites was blocked by prior insemination or by g

270 Siring success of non-CMS hermaphrodites was higher than that of restored CMS herm

271 nhanced response of pkd-2 males toward older hermaphrodites was independent of short-chain ascaroside

272 Increased sex appeal of older hermaphrodites was potent enough to stimulate robust res

273 pond to the same olfactory attractants as do hermaphrodites, we find that each sex has a characterist

274 reens focused on reproductive aging in mated hermaphrodites, we identified mutants that displayed inc

275 the 302 neurons of the nervous system of the hermaphrodite were categorized into 118 neuron classes m

276 Selfing rates of hermaphrodites were low and did not differ significantly

277 wild Xs, probably due to the bottleneck when hermaphrodites were selected during domestication.

278 We show that, in a population of hermaphrodites where male sterility is caused by a domin

279 sel-10 results in a mild masculinization of hermaphrodites, whereas dominant alleles of sel-10, such

280 Males prefer mating with females over hermaphrodites, which our results suggest is related to

281 ll abandon food to search for mates, whereas hermaphrodites will not) as well as developmental stage

282 Hermaphrodites with a masculinized nervous system secret

283 -type males, and usually neutral to "social" hermaphrodites with reduced activity of the npr-1 neurop

284 sis (Swip), a paralytic behavior observed in hermaphrodite worms with loss-of-function dat-1 mutation

285 In hermaphrodite worms, CPB-1 and FBF control key steps dur

286 The DCC first localizes to hermaphrodite X chromosomes at the 30-cell stage, coinci

287 richment of histone modification H4K20me1 on hermaphrodite X chromosomes during C. elegans dosage com

288 ndensin I(DC)) dampens gene expression along hermaphrodite X chromosomes during dosage compensation.

289 20 monomethylation (H4K20me1) is enriched on hermaphrodite X chromosomes in a DCC-dependent manner.

290 ctive embryos, we show that the DCC remodels hermaphrodite X chromosomes into a sex-specific spatial

291 ates with the dosage compensation complex on hermaphrodite X chromosomes to repress transcript levels

292 tomeres lose their developmental plasticity, hermaphrodite X chromosomes transition from a MES protei

293 ex (DCC), a condensin complex, binds to both hermaphrodite X chromosomes via sequence-specific recrui

294 inds to and represses transcription from the hermaphrodite X chromosomes.

295 reducing Pol II recruitment to promoters of hermaphrodite X-linked genes using a chromosome-restruct

296 n X and autosomes: expression of compensated hermaphrodite X-linked transgenes is half that of autoso

297 ent Y chromosomes distinguish males (XY) and hermaphrodites (XY(h)).

298 uous genomic DNA sequences between the X and hermaphrodite Y (Y(h)) chromosomes.

299 mutation leading to the domestication of the hermaphrodite Y(h) chromosome.

300 controlling the development of males (Y) and hermaphrodites (Y(h)).