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1 H3K9me3, respectively) and the formation of heterochromatin.
2 n histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9)-modified (LOCK) heterochromatin.
3 s, and leads to ectopic localization to bulk heterochromatin.
4 caffold as the underlying structure of mouse heterochromatin.
5 R6 (ATXR6) results in the overreplication of heterochromatin.
6 nge and heritability at both euchromatin and heterochromatin.
7 NA array, where it is flanked by pericentric heterochromatin.
8 s can access cognate sites within repressive heterochromatin.
9 t genes, and their limitations at regions of heterochromatin.
10 centromeres, subtelomeres, and interspersed heterochromatin.
11 is highly enriched in euchromatin but not in heterochromatin.
12 enetic instability via defective pericentric heterochromatin.
13 er they symbolize transcriptionally silenced heterochromatin.
14 her transposon-like features or RNA-directed heterochromatin.
15 rtant for normal localization of facultative heterochromatin.
16 ate bearing features of both euchromatin and heterochromatin.
17 e diverse chromatin architectures underlying heterochromatin.
18 re possible interactions between elements of heterochromatin.
19 chromatin with few loci embedded in silenced heterochromatin.
20 de the domain, and other dynamic features of heterochromatin.
21 process results in reassembly of facultative heterochromatin.
22 venly along chromosomes but is excluded from heterochromatin.
23 lineage-specific genes, nuclear bodies, and heterochromatin.
24 mina disruption and reductions to peripheral heterochromatin.
25 s, may lead to the formation of constitutive heterochromatin.
26 eosome units, particularly in H3K9me3-marked heterochromatin.
27 ve loci are enriched within highly condensed heterochromatin.
28 unctional genomics of satDNAs in pericentric heterochromatin.
29 HUSH recruits MORC2 to target sites in heterochromatin.
30 n to stereotypically spaced motifs that defy heterochromatin.
31 ansferases are hallmark enzymes at mammalian heterochromatin.
33 d structure with an outer layer of condensed heterochromatin, an inner layer enriched in the histone
34 ions adjacent to centromeric or subtelomeric heterochromatin and add to our understanding of the proc
35 ve DNA organized in the form of constitutive heterochromatin and associated with repressive epigeneti
36 ith histone demethylase inhibitors increases heterochromatin and chromatin nuclear rigidity, which re
37 actor critical for epigenetic inheritance of heterochromatin and describes a mechanism in which suppr
38 lated CpGs that localizes at pericentromeric heterochromatin and is frequently downregulated in cance
39 cleoskeletal coupling promotes relaxation of heterochromatin and neuronal death in an in vivo model o
40 nvolving supercontraction and recruitment of heterochromatin and nucleoli to the nuclear lamina facil
41 d in the nucleus showed peripheralization of heterochromatin and reduced histone modifications associ
42 tional regulator, predominantly localizes to heterochromatin and regulates heterochromatin position-e
43 intaining chromosome integrity by regulating heterochromatin and repressing endogenous repetitive DNA
44 nterrelationships among canonical aspects of heterochromatin and supports a central role of HDA-1-med
45 corresponding to epigenetic marks as well as heterochromatin and the nucleolus also appeared around t
46 6 complex is enriched at the pericentromeric heterochromatin, and also localizes along chromosome arm
47 e transcription, decompaction of pericentric heterochromatin, and defects in chromosome segregation i
48 l to understanding the unusual behaviours of heterochromatin, and how chromatin domains in general re
49 associated with reorganization of peripheral heterochromatin, and independent of deacetylase activity
50 c chromosomes is concentrated at pericentric heterochromatin, and is encoded, in part, by repetitive
51 ization of epigenetic marks, euchromatin and heterochromatin, and origins of replication within the S
52 the resolution and formation of facultative heterochromatin, and they demonstrate that BAF opposes P
53 ated model of PRC1 occupancy at constitutive heterochromatin, and where BMI1 function in somatic cell
54 ation and emphasize that maintaining an open heterochromatin architecture is a highly regulated proce
55 ccupancy and HP1a binding at pericentromeric heterochromatin are markedly decreased in H3K9R mutants.
56 products reveal that DSBs in euchromatin and heterochromatin are repaired with similar kinetics, empl
59 reveal the role of Shelterin in facultative heterochromatin assembly at late origins, which has impo
61 iew we discuss the mechanism of constitutive heterochromatin assembly, its dynamic nature, and its re
62 many shelterin mutations affect subtelomeric heterochromatin assembly, the mechanism remains elusive
66 1 that interacts with Clr4/Suv39h, abolishes heterochromatin at late origins and causes derepression
67 over, the late-origin regulator Rif1 affects heterochromatin at Taz1-dependent islands and subtelomer
68 that a histone deacetylase (Hdac3) organizes heterochromatin at the nuclear lamina during cardiac pro
69 significance and the factors that sequester heterochromatin at the nuclear periphery are not fully k
70 s protected from UV, while lamina-associated heterochromatin at the nuclear periphery is vulnerable.
71 otein Pdd1p is required for the formation of heterochromatin bodies during the process of programmed
75 protozoan Tetrahymena Here, we show that the heterochromatin body component Jub4p is required for Pdd
76 e that Pdd1p phosphorylation is required for heterochromatin body formation and DNA elimination, wher
77 Jub4p is required for Pdd1p phosphorylation, heterochromatin body formation, and DNA elimination.
79 ansferase SET-7) did not impact constitutive heterochromatin but partially rescued the slow growth of
82 ighly enriched at intergenic and pericentric heterochromatin, co-immunoprecipitated with the architec
83 ffects on chromatin organisation, disrupting heterochromatin compaction and long-range genomic intera
84 ther H3K9me3 or HP1 had only mild effects on heterochromatin compaction, whereas dim-3 caused more dr
88 acetylase activity, Hdac3 tethers peripheral heterochromatin containing lineage-relevant genes to the
90 nocopies the Tip60 depletion with respect to heterochromatin decompaction and defects in chromosome s
91 nding the sperm cells undergoes a programmed heterochromatin decondensation and transcriptional react
93 ated piggyBac transposase TPB6, required for heterochromatin-dependent precise excision of IES residi
96 ar exosome, CCR4-NOT promotes RNAi-dependent heterochromatin domain (HOOD) formation at EMC-target lo
97 liquid properties during the first stages of heterochromatin domain formation in early Drosophila emb
98 egulators are broadly distributed within the heterochromatin domain, most localize to discrete subdom
99 e-rich euchromatin and the highly repetitive heterochromatin domain, which is enriched for proteins c
100 ore, in both Drosophila and mammalian cells, heterochromatin domains exhibit dynamics that are charac
101 lternative hypothesis: that the formation of heterochromatin domains is mediated by phase separation,
103 f distinct, multi-chromosomal, membrane-less heterochromatin domains within the nucleus, fast diffusi
104 n vivo, Arc-deficient mice display decreased heterochromatin domains, a high RNA-polymerase II activi
105 NOG associates with satellite repeats within heterochromatin domains, contributing to an architecture
108 ect analysis reveals important insights into heterochromatin DSB repair in animal tissues and provide
109 ms (MORPHE) that facilitated the analysis of heterochromatin dynamics in the context of colonial grow
110 in Protein 1 (HP1) family proteins regulates heterochromatin dynamics, its role in heterochromatin bo
112 the sites of active transcription toward the heterochromatin-enriched repressive nuclear compartments
115 ent RIP requires DIM-5, HP1, and other known heterochromatin factors, implying a role for a repeat-in
117 specialized domains of senescence-associated heterochromatin foci (SAHF), as well as specific familie
119 ed dynamics and decreased correlation of the heterochromatin foci and telomere trajectories in constr
121 ivity and formation of senescence-associated heterochromatin foci as well as an increase in mRNA and
122 esults reveal that emergence of constitutive heterochromatin follows a stereotyped developmental prog
123 r choice, which is separate from its role in heterochromatin formation and epigenetic regulator.
124 here that BMI1 is required for constitutive heterochromatin formation and silencing in human and mou
125 maintained by regulators of H3K9me3-mediated heterochromatin formation and that the observed increase
126 l-length TEs quickly progress beyond RdDM to heterochromatin formation and the final maintenance meth
127 ells: (i) RNA polymerase II release mediates heterochromatin formation at centromeres, allowing prope
128 ain, but HDA-1 was not essential for de novo heterochromatin formation at native heterochromatic regi
129 , and (ii) RNA polymerase I release prevents heterochromatin formation at ribosomal DNA during quiesc
133 nds on both RNA-directed DNA methylation and heterochromatin formation pathways, whereas global demet
134 abundance of histone transcripts involved in heterochromatin formation suggests that a loss of hetero
136 ial for retinoblastoma protein (RB)-mediated heterochromatin formation, epigenetic silencing of S-pha
137 KLLN as a potential regulator of pericentric heterochromatin formation, genomic stability and gene ex
142 as well as chromatin context.Pericentromeric heterochromatin forms a distinct nuclear domain that is
143 ucture, the specific contribution of H3K9 to heterochromatin function and animal development is unkno
147 icentromeric regions where it contributes to heterochromatin gene silencing together with RNA interfe
148 ne deacetylase Sir2, the master regulator of heterochromatin, has acquired novel functions in regulat
149 H3K9me3 and DNA methylation in constitutive heterochromatin have been variously reported to cause re
156 t transcriptionally inactive pericentromeric heterochromatin in P. falciparum, a region devoid of the
157 cently reported the widespread relaxation of heterochromatin in tauopathies [1]: age-related progress
158 ' nuclear architecture, with a dense mass of heterochromatin in the center of the nucleus rather than
159 late infection resulted in the enrichment of heterochromatin in the nuclear periphery accompanied by
161 tissues, although DRM activity extends into heterochromatin in vegetative cells, likely reflecting t
163 sociated with H3K9me3-a conserved marker for heterochromatin-in males, but not in females, suggesting
164 in mid S, before heavily compacted classical heterochromatin, including pericentromeres and knobs, wh
165 ne H3 (H3K27me) marks repressed "facultative heterochromatin," including developmentally regulated ge
167 remodeler, as a factor uniquely required for heterochromatin inheritance, rather than for de novo ass
168 dense packaging and repetitive DNA sequence, heterochromatin is a challenging environment in which to
172 with telomeres at 30 degrees C, while robust heterochromatin is assembled over these regions at 39 de
183 protein-coding genes, including those within heterochromatin, is similar between H3K9R and controls.
184 n complex Shelterin, is required to assemble heterochromatin islands at regions corresponding to late
187 r, because of obstacles posed by repeat-rich heterochromatin, knowledge of Y chromosome sequences is
189 Finally, we demonstrate that increased Tet1 heterochromatin localization and 5-methylcytosine oxidat
190 ow that truncated Chp1 loses the property of heterochromatin localization and silencing when transfor
191 tribution of H3K27me; regions of facultative heterochromatin lost H3K27me3, while regions that are no
193 ssociated with the formation of constitutive heterochromatin, lysine 9 (H3K9); and a site associated
194 integrates normal S-phase progression and Xi heterochromatin maintenance in p21 checkpoint-proficient
195 ls displayed several features of compromised heterochromatin maintenance, including decreased H3K27me
196 F. fujikuroi are located within facultative heterochromatin marked by trimethylated lysine 27 on his
197 ochromatin formation suggests that a loss of heterochromatin may occur in the columella, thus allowin
203 thought to be important for establishment of heterochromatin, namely, the histone H3 lysine 9 methylt
204 d to be required also for the maintenance of heterochromatin needed for the silencing of developmenta
205 sm bearing both facultative and constitutive heterochromatin, Neurospora crassa, to explore possible
206 encing of transposons in the pericentromeric heterochromatin of Arabidopsis thaliana requires SMC4, a
208 d genes, lead to the formation of repressive heterochromatin, or aid in DNA and chromatin repair.
212 g the pluripotency network with constitutive heterochromatin organization in mouse embryonic stem cel
213 y localizes to heterochromatin and regulates heterochromatin position-effect variegation (PEV), organ
216 w that a young and rapidly evolving X-linked heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1) gene, HP1D2, plays a key
218 finger, a PHD domain and a newly identified Heterochromatin Protein 1 (HP1) interaction motif that m
220 occur in part as a result of the ability of heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1) proteins to spread acros
222 histone H3 lysine 9 methyltransferase DIM-5, Heterochromatin Protein 1 (HP1), which specifically bind
226 ard genetic screen for enhancers of the like heterochromatin protein 1 (lhp1) mutant, which shows rel
227 H3S28 and it is necessary and sufficient for heterochromatin protein 1 binding and H3K27me3 recruitme
228 rimethylation on lysine 9 of histone H3, and heterochromatin protein 1-alpha in p63-null keratinocyte
229 ed for specific epigenetic factors including Heterochromatin Protein 1a (HP1a), and is essential for
230 Gtsf1) and Panoramix (Silencio), as well as Heterochromatin protein 1a (HP1a; encoded by Su(var)205)
231 LL4 promotes open chromatin by destabilizing heterochromatin protein 1alpha (HP1alpha) by recruiting
232 positivity for histone interacting protein, heterochromatin protein 1alpha, and localize in proximit
235 unction from a transposase/endonuclease to a heterochromatin protein, designed to suppress transposon
236 s, for example, versatile (vers), encoding a heterochromatin protein, regulates GSC fates differentia
239 te and stress responses, interacts with LIKE HETEROCHROMATIN PROTEIN1 (LHP1), a Polycomb Repressive C
240 ata reveal another function for constitutive heterochromatin proteins (the establishment of the globa
241 ere we show that a diverse set of C. elegans heterochromatin proteins act together with the piRNA and
242 on in Neurospora, but two widely studied key heterochromatin proteins are not necessary, implying tha
243 co-immunoprecipitated with the architectural heterochromatin proteins HP1, DEK1, and ATRx, and was re
244 atin; however, the roles and interactions of heterochromatin proteins in repeat regulation are poorly
249 compaction pathway of mammalian pericentric heterochromatin relying on Tip60 that might be dependent
250 compare our experimental data to models for heterochromatin reorganization during differentiation.
252 one methyltransferase inhibitors to decrease heterochromatin results in a softer nucleus and nuclear
254 phenotypes previously attributed to loss of heterochromatin silencing are instead caused by aggregat
256 lls and reveal that the temporal patterns of heterochromatin silencing loss regulate cellular life sp
259 ion and H3K9ac may form a barrier to prevent heterochromatin spreading and kinetochore inactivation a
260 red that telomeric repeats are refractory to heterochromatin spreading and that artificial restoratio
261 ration of shelterin connections or increased heterochromatin spreading rescued heterochromatin defect
262 that orchestrates SASP through prevention of heterochromatin spreading to allow for exclusion of SASP
269 that H3K9me2 defines a functionally distinct heterochromatin state that is sufficient for RNAi-depend
270 to sonication is a reliable indicator of the heterochromatin state, and we developed a biophysical me
271 aster is characterized by loss of repressive heterochromatin structure and loss of silencing of repor
272 the rapid evolution of genes controlling the heterochromatin structure can be a significant source of
273 ound that manipulating genes known to affect heterochromatin structure, including overexpression of S
274 ransferases and HP1 are necessary for proper heterochromatin structure, the specific contribution of
276 reading of inactive chromatin referred to as heterochromatin, suggesting further non-canonical roles
277 he formation of transcriptionally permissive heterochromatin that is compatible with its broadly cons
278 telomeric regions are assembled into a weak heterochromatin that is only mildly hypoacetylated and h
279 mobile genetic elements, highly enriched in heterochromatin, that constitute a large percentage of t
281 n in proliferating cells spatially organises heterochromatin, thereby controlling gene expression.
283 yeast, all three proteins bind subtelomeric heterochromatin through a Sir3-stimulated mechanism and
284 ast drives transcriptional gene silencing in heterochromatin through cooperation with HP1 proteins.
285 ompaction in euchromatin and decompaction in heterochromatin, thus further leading to gene expression
286 CCR4-NOT, Pir2/ARS2, and RNAi, which target heterochromatin to regulate gene expression and protect
287 adjacent euchromatic regions, as in animals, heterochromatin undergoes large-scale remodeling to crea
288 ue-invasiveness to telomere deprotection and heterochromatin unpacking, identifying MRE11A as a thera
289 eading to telomeric damage, juxtacentromeric heterochromatin unraveling, and senescence marker upregu
290 it is frequently constrained by constitutive heterochromatin, usually characterized by highly repetit
291 ctively, but that in turn the compactness of heterochromatin was not a limiting factor in the minimal
293 ransferase Tip60 is recruited to pericentric heterochromatin, where it mediates acetylation of histon
294 particularly challenging in pericentromeric heterochromatin, where the abundance of repeated sequenc
295 to that the sSMCs only contained centromere heterochromatin, whereas the reason for the remaining ca
296 rast to Chp1, a component of pericentromeric heterochromatin, which binds H3K9me-rich chromatin in ne
297 Telomeric regions contain prominent sites of heterochromatin, which is associated with unique histone
299 LN resulting in dysregulation of pericentric heterochromatin, with consequent chromosomal instability
300 n shelterin subunits compromise subtelomeric heterochromatin without affecting CLRC interaction with
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