ライフサイエンスコーパス: high income

1 cancer across economies of low, middle, and high income.

2 kelihood of complete remission, or survival (high income: adjusted HR, 1.0; medium income: adjusted H

3 expectancy has risen among middle-income and high-income Americans whereas it has stagnated among poo

4 tients with CVRDs exist between countries of high income and countries of low and middle income.

5 Cancer is a major health problem in both high income and middle-to-low income countries, and is t

6 Across high-income and low-income settings alike, there often r

7 trial at 80 sites in multiple settings in 20 high-income and low-to-middle-income countries.

8 ealth and socioeconomic inequalities between high-income and lower-income countries should be acknowl

9 ifts in developing countries whereas Western high-income and middle-income countries gain most in per

10 k factors were the leading cause of DALYs in high-income and middle-income countries in the region.

11 pertension are the main causes of CKD in all high-income and middle-income countries, and also in man

12 view and 172 additional studies, covering 27 high-income and seven middle-income countries.

13 dens of HIV in countries of low, middle, and high income, and in concentrated and generalised epidemi

14 e cities emit more than expected, and larger high-income cities emit less than expected in terms of c

15 and task-shifting an intervention used in a high-income context to LMICs.

16 emains a leading cause of neonatal sepsis in high-income contexts, despite declines due to intrapartu

17 tion, reducing early-onset infant disease in high-income contexts.

18 et eligibility criteria, all from middle- or high-income contexts.

19 ; however, low-income counties lagged behind high-income counties by 4.3 (95% CI, 3.1-5.9) years.

20 gher among low-income counties compared with high-income counties in 1999 (1353 vs 1123 per 100000 pe

21 ome countries (33.92% (10.64)) compared with high income countries (21.53% (22.91)) with wide variabi

22 of depression was 39.79% (21.52), similar in high income countries and low and middle income countrie

23 evidence for this is confined to studies in high income countries and the evidence is not sufficient

24 , particularly by manufacturers in middle-to-high income countries, increases the likelihood that vac

25 us disease have received little attention in high income countries.

26 with four drug classes available was 94% in high-income countries (108 of 115 communities), 76% in I

27 ally unaffordable for 0.14% of households in high-income countries (14 of 9934 households), 25% of up

28 ntries (5602 of 65 471), and less than 1% in high-income countries (44 of 10 880).

29 lombia, India, Jordan and Sri Lanka), and 11 high-income countries (Denmark, Finland, Germany, Greece

30 ajor geo-economic groupings, namely European high-income countries (Europe-High), high-income countri

31 threshold for high risk of at least 10% for high-income countries (HICs) and at least 20% for low-in

32 Partnerships between medical institutions in high-income countries (HICs) and low- to mid-income coun

33 4,970 adults, of whom 12,904 (11%) were from high-income countries (HICs), 24,408 (21%) were from upp

34 vaccine observation period of >/=50 years in high-income countries (HICs), PMRs reduced in both infan

35 We classified countries into high-income countries (HICs), upper-middle-income countr

36 es (UMICs), and 5.42 servings (5.13-5.71) in high-income countries (HICs).

37 n territory, Sudan, Syria, and Tunisia), and high-income countries (HICs; Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qata

38 The dominant invasion vectors differ between high-income countries (imports, particularly of plants a

39 If all high-income countries achieved stillbirth rates equal to

40 prevalence of overuse is well documented in high-income countries across a wide range of services an

41 pertension in 2010: 349 (337-361) million in high-income countries and 1.04 (0.99-1.09) billion in lo

42 l studies and 10 trials, 28 of which were in high-income countries and 28 of which were in low- and m

43 lts had hypertension; 28.5% (27.3%-29.7%) in high-income countries and 31.5% (30.2%-32.9%) in low- an

44 iewed manuscripts with 13 reporting data for high-income countries and 88 for LMICs, 16 WHO publicati

45 nephropathy is the leading cause of ESRD in high-income countries and a growing problem across the w

46 nce of adequate access to education) than in high-income countries and can threaten optimal neurodeve

47 Variation in stillbirth rates across high-income countries and large equity gaps within high-

48 arity in access to care and outcomes between high-income countries and low- and middle-income countri

49 Associations were comparable for high-income countries and low- and middle-income countri

50 as not been systematically evaluated in both high-income countries and low- and middle-income countri

51 ifferent age and sex groups worldwide and in high-income countries and low-income and middle-income c

52 s in the outcome of neonatal surgery between high-income countries and low-income and middle-income c

53 c through collaborative partnerships between high-income countries and middle-income and low-income c

54 The governments of high-income countries and private organizations provide

55 e studies, which were all undertaken in nine high-income countries and represent more than 140 millio

56 ning sustainability may differ from those in high-income countries and should be identified and addre

57 Although TMTS is typically ascribed to high-income countries and TLTL to low-income and middle-

58 94 mainly high-income countries and upper middle-income countries

59 nd that spending gaps between low-income and high-income countries are unlikely to narrow unless subs

60 ommendation is that women living with HIV in high-income countries avoid breastfeeding.

61 High-income countries bear a larger proportion of econom

62 fections has decreased in people with HIV in high-income countries because of the widespread availabi

63 reasing proportion of the population in many high-income countries but little is known about the caus

64 studies from low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries by searching the Cochrane Central

65 Most trials in high-income countries compared expensive proprietary oin

66 f less than 4% in the past 12 months in many high-income countries compared with at least 40% in some

67 es of disease burden have been reported from high-income countries compared with reports from low-inc

68 the most commonly diagnosed bacterial STI in high-income countries despite widespread testing recomme

69 ways to lessen the divide between LMICs and high-income countries for breast and cervical cancers.

70 of three strategies for initiation of ART in high-income countries for HIV-positive individuals who d

71 reported impact of PCV7 on childhood IPD in high-income countries from a recent meta-analysis.

72 ralian experience with PCV7 and reports from high-income countries giving a PCV booster dose.

73 3-valent PCV (PCV13) in 2011, uniquely among high-income countries giving doses at 2, 4, and 6 months

74 70%) upper-middle-income, and 40 of 44 (91%) high-income countries had any IAP policy.

75 Programmes in high-income countries have also undergone substantial re

76 strate that vulnerability levels in low- and high-income countries have been converging, due to a rel

77 Studies in low-resource settings and high-income countries have confirmed the importance of c

78 of commuting patterns and travel behavior in high-income countries have led to the suggestion that th

79 Several high-income countries have pre-entry screening programme

80 Because many high-income countries have replaced OPV with inactivated

81 We collected data for prison suicides in 24 high-income countries in Europe, Australasia, and North

82 Active travel to work has declined in high-income countries in recent decades.

83 unities in 18 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries in seven geographical regions: Nor

84 s of three papers, we discuss child death in high-income countries in the context of evolving child d

85 uropean high-income countries (Europe-High), high-income countries in the rest of the world (rWORLD-H

86 These disparities between China and high-income countries include younger age at onset of br

87 The reduced environmental impact in high-income countries is driven by reductions in calorie

88 t nonmeasles infectious disease mortality in high-income countries is tightly coupled to measles inci

89 come and middle-income countries (LMICs) and high-income countries is well documented, less is known

90 s identified, 38 studies from low-income and high-income countries met our inclusion criteria (39 art

91 and technologies that have been developed in high-income countries must now be transferred to LMICs t

92 n hard-to-reach (underserved) populations in high-income countries of low tuberculosis incidence.

93 classic complications of type 2 diabetes in high-income countries over the past 20 years, predominan

94 age-specific incidence rates of dementia in high-income countries over time.

95 HPV vaccination was first introduced in high-income countries owing to vaccine cost, logistic ch

96 ncome countries and large equity gaps within high-income countries persist.

97 A total of 27 studies from seven high-income countries provided data for metaanalysis.

98 16 of 19 eligible models from ten high-income countries provided predictions.

99 Respondents from developing countries and high-income countries rated the obstacles differently.

100 idence of mumps has declined dramatically in high-income countries since the introduction of mumps an

101 Both LMICs and high-income countries stand to benefit from coordinating

102 ptions, breastfeeding duration is shorter in high-income countries than in those that are resource-po

103 s between 1994 and 2010 for the UK and other high-income countries that were not exposed to pay-for-p

104 nt estimates of antimicrobial consumption in high-income countries to map antimicrobial use in food a

105 etened beverages (SSBs) has been proposed in high-income countries to reduce obesity and type 2 diabe

106 f substance use comes from cohort studies in high-income countries undertaken decades ago, which hind

107 In some high-income countries use of chronic disease management

108 ve in reducing infant pertussis mortality in high-income countries using tetanus-diphtheria-acellular

109 And a more affluent lifestyle in high-income countries was still associated with greater

110 n suicides occurred during 2011-14 in the 24 high-income countries we studied.

111 cts of diabetes on mortality have focused on high-income countries where patients have access to reas

112 ortality rates (POMR) are well-documented in high-income countries where surgical databases are commo

113 th problems in poor immigrant communities in high-income countries with limited translation, and in l

114 orders, which represent only 4% of losses in high-income countries with the VLW approach, contribute

115 compared with more than US$100 per person in high-income countries), and overall public expenditure o

116 In high-income countries, 2 in 3 individuals with cerebral

117 heart disease has been nearly eradicated in high-income countries, 3 in 4 children grow up in parts

118 ng to increase annually by 2.7% (1.9-3.4) in high-income countries, 3.4% (2.4-4.2) in upper-middle-in

119 rban and 27 (90%) of 30 rural communities in high-income countries, 53 (80%) of 66 urban and 43 (73%)

120 In high-income countries, a woman living under adverse soci

121 Unlike other high-income countries, age-adjusted mortality in the USA

122 ents, age 36 +/- 9 years, 23.9% female, 8.0% high-income countries, and 92.0% lower-middle income cou

123 increases in the USA is extremely unusual in high-income countries, and a rapid public health respons

124 be demographic differences between China and high-income countries, and also within geographical and

125 -communicable diseases and injury burdens of high-income countries, and greatly shorten the interval

126 in magnitude, consistent with findings from high-income countries, and robust to potential confoundi

127 ty outcomes, were published in English, from high-income countries, and were done in populations with

128 South Asians, particularly when living in high-income countries, are at a substantially elevated r

129 Where relevant data were available, in high-income countries, associate clinicians were commonl

130 development have been extensively studied in high-income countries, but few data are available from l

131 valence of hypertension decreased by 2.6% in high-income countries, but increased by 7.7% in low- and

132 avioural risk factors is well established in high-income countries, but it is not clear how behaviour

133 ran Africa are higher than those recorded in high-income countries, but systematic long-term comparis

134 , both types of dietary patterns improved in high-income countries, but worsened in some low-income c

135 In high-income countries, decades of investigation into the

136 ntries spent $0.03 for every dollar spent in high-income countries, even after adjusting for purchasi

137 frica may be equal to or higher than that in high-income countries, exceeding 50% in some high-risk p

138 tors plus high body mass index are lowest in high-income countries, followed by Latin America and the

139 In high-income countries, high socioeconomic status (SES) i

140 In high-income countries, incidence rates of NmB were relat

141 s were not consistent with those reported in high-income countries, including a high concentration of

142 an acute, severe bacterial colitis that, in high-income countries, is typically associated with trav

143 In high-income countries, maternal obesity is one of the mo

144 In high-income countries, medical interventions to address

145 e been used for the treatment of children in high-income countries, no substantive trials have been d

146 on average, at younger ages in LMICs than in high-income countries, often at economically productive

147 if they were of deminers, if they were from high-income countries, or if they were of chemical weapo

148 In high-income countries, radiotherapy is used in more than

149 In high-income countries, RCTs (Stroke Prevention in Sickle

150 Also in high-income countries, RCTs have demonstrated that regul

151 AYAs worldwide, most of whom do not live in high-income countries, remains a considerable challenge.

152 In high-income countries, RV1 pooled vaccine effectiveness

153 In high-income countries, RV5 vaccine effectiveness was 83%

154 nd effective in low-income countries than in high-income countries, similarly to other oral vaccines.

155 ncome countries to rapid learning systems in high-income countries, the authors argue that beyond eth

156 In many high-income countries, the use of dilute apple juice and

157 th in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) in high-income countries, their overall survival rates cont

158 In high-income countries, there have been dramatic declines

159 We excluded studies in high-income countries, those involving non-pregnant wome

160 e preponderance of evidence comes from a few high-income countries, thus whether the same social and

161 fect against cardiovascular disease (CVD) in high-income countries, where physical activity is mainly

162 .9% versus 28.4%) increased substantially in high-income countries, whereas awareness (32.3% versus 3

163 bient air pollution exposure have focused on high-income countries, which have much lower pollutant c

164 lso completed a desk review of 10 additional high-income countries, which were also included.

165 highly skewed towards that from studies from high-income countries, with these evaluations mainly foc

166 Existing evidence is from high-income countries, with uncertain applicability in o

167 d IDU-attributable HCV burden was highest in high-income countries.

168 the leading risk factor of disease burden in high-income countries.

169 ated thyroid cancer is increasing greatly in high-income countries.

170 ation on HPV 6, 11, 16, and 18 infections in high-income countries.

171 ecific incidence of dementia is declining in high-income countries.

172 All studies except one were from high-income countries.

173 ren) were included from 1342 titles, 10 from high-income countries.

174 ile only 3% is accrued under age 30 years in high-income countries.

175 duces neonatal and infant mortality rates in high-income countries.

176 sent a substantial epidemiological burden in high-income countries.

177 dy mass index has the largest effect in some high-income countries.

178 of which are associated with hypertension in high-income countries.

179 al heart anomaly burden (4439/5199 DALYs) in high-income countries.

180 resents one of the fastest rising cancers in high-income countries.

181 n is poor, mortality rates are as high as in high-income countries.

182 derived primarily from studies conducted in high-income countries.

183 acy is lower in low-income countries than in high-income countries.

184 ess consensus exists about its importance in high-income countries.

185 ase and now exceed 80% at 5 years in several high-income countries.

186 me and middle-income countries compared with high-income countries.

187 est countries, compared with 51% of DALYs in high-income countries.

188 re both more intense and more common than in high-income countries.

189 sly found in adults in LMICs and children in high-income countries.

190 dit programmes need to be implemented in all high-income countries.

191 inflammatory diseases in low- compared with high-income countries.

192 e dramatic declines in vascular mortality in high-income countries.

193 r 4) studies undertaken in the USA and other high-income countries.

194 ocioeconomically deprived populations within high-income countries.

195 rials in low-income and middle-income versus high-income countries.

196 cy than their non-indigenous counterparts in high-income countries.

197 among children was reported to vary between high-income countries.

198 w-income and middle-income countries than in high-income countries.

199 ratory health among sexual minority women in high-income countries.

200 ms, and previous studies were mostly done in high-income countries.

201 income, 70.9% in middle-income, and 24.1% in high-income countries.

202 ntire Indian population and people living in high-income countries.

203 same strategies as those that can be used in high-income countries.

204 ounterparts or among the host populations in high-income countries.

205 FB) smear microscopy is standard practice in high-income countries.

206 ant burden on patients and health systems in high-income countries.

207 cardiovascular disease have been reported in high-income countries.

208 ure is close to the mortality burden seen in high-income countries.

209 ors affect child and adolescent mortality in high-income countries.

210 d occurs at lower rates in middle-income and high-income countries.

211 as larger in middle-income countries than in high-income countries.

212 ure documenting similar disparities in other high-income countries.

213 Mortality was high in comparison to high-income countries.

214 le-income countries, and 164 (46%) were from high-income countries.

215 -income countries (except for India) than in high-income countries.

216 ncome countries, and 7.0 years (3.6-16.8) in high-income countries.

217 middle-income countries, and 114 (70%) from high-income countries.

218 ividuals from low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries.

219 obesity among food-insecure women living in high-income countries.

220 insurance hypothesis among adult women from high-income countries.

221 tion, but it is restricted to adult women in high-income countries.

222 untries, compared with their counterparts in high-income countries.

223 with a far worse prognosis than that seen in high-income countries; it accounted for at least one thi

224 onducted in low-income countries compared to high-income countries; particularly Sub-Saharan Africa.

225 However, a tentative extrapolation from high-income country data suggests global estimates of 31

226 Singapore is a high-income country in a region with a high prevalence o

227 poor health infrastructure (28 LMIC and four high-income country manuscripts), low public awareness o

228 nation strategies, using data from Sweden, a high-income country that has experienced vaccine price c

229 a low-risk population of children born in a high-income country.

230 g a trauma in a low-income country than in a high-income country.

231 gh-risk areas were associated with a lack of high income earners and higher population density.

232 tion between evaluative wellbeing and age in high-income, English speaking countries, with the lowest

233 ntal outcomes between children from low- and high-income families.

234 ts were divided into the following 3 groups: high income (family income to poverty ratio, >/=4), midd

235 tic cataract who were girls, using data from high-income, gender-neutral countries as the reference.

236 ce/ethnicity (86.6% vs 78.3%), and living in high-income households (40.0% vs 31.8%), and in rural ar

237 rages than non-Hispanic white households and high-income households (all P < 0.01).These results prov

238 High-income households experienced a greater relative de

239 NHW and high-income households had the highest absolute calories

240 By 2010, edentulism was a rare condition in high-income households, and it had contracted geographic

241 B and low-income households than for NHW and high-income households, respectively.

242 y were less pronounced among participants in high-income households.

243 V infection in countries of low, middle, and high income in 2016.

244 Children living in areas of high income inequality have higher rates of hospitalizat

245 rtiles for low, low-middle, high-middle, and high income inequality.

246 ACSCs should consider focusing on areas with high income inequality.

247 y about a dozen countries, most of which are high income, leaving the changing character for countrie

248 mes from fetal development to adolescence in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries.

249 ated with lower risk of CVD and mortality in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries.

250 a range of negative health indicators across high-income, middle-income, and low-income settings.

251 P < .001; heterogeneity I(2) = 79%) in both high-income (n = 38) and low-/middle-income country (n =

252 registered charitable organisations in five high-income nations (the USA, the UK, Canada, Australia,

253 ow that compared with average diets, NRDs in high-income nations are associated with reductions in GH

254 Compared with low-income nations, high-income nations had better diets based on healthy it

255 ant component of shigellosis epidemiology in high-income nations.

256 5 years or older admitted to hospital and in high-income nations.

257 d disorders and larger in low-income than in high-income neighborhoods.

258 ities in developed regions (i.e., Europe and high-income North America) decreased substantially by 67

259 ss than 5% of the population in Australasia, high-income North America, and western Europe lack acces

260 ce interval: 2.10, 2.52); for low income vs. high income, odds ratio = 2.77 (95% confidence interval:

261 working-age women (mean age, 18-65 years) in high-income Organization for Economic Co-operation and D

262 olic health sequelae of working-age women in high-income Organization for Economic Co-operation and D

263 is the leading cause of death among women in high-income Organization for Economic Co-operation and D

264 adjusted GM concentrations were lowest among high-income participants relative to other income groups

265 sed disparities in donation between low- and high-income populations.

266 These findings require replication in other high-income populations.

267 of PCVs on pneumonia is similar in low- and high-income populations.

268 ons for all-cause pneumonia in both low- and high-income populations.

269 Those with a high income rated a meal that was healthy and very taste

270 mortality has declined since the 1980s, and high-income regions (especially Australasia, Western Eur

271 12 deaths per 100,000 livebirths (11-14) for high-income regions to 546 (511-652) for sub-Saharan Afr

272 In most world regions, particularly in high-income regions, age-standardized IHD mortality rate

273 rom older people (>/=60 years) is highest in high-income regions, disability-adjusted life years (DAL

274 ome dating back to the 1970s) and focused on high-income regions.

275 Retrofit is preferable for high-income regions.

276 er in regions with young populations than in high-income regions.

277 for low vs. intermediate income and low vs. high income, respectively; and Pinteraction = 0.27 among

278 virological suppression, were small in this high-income setting with relatively low CD4 count at HIV

279 In the high income settings studied differences in schedule, co

280 metabolic syndrome (MetS) examined urban and high income settings.

281 stitution and supplementation in NCD care in high-income settings are well recognised, but evidence f

282 s-associated costs are not only a problem in high-income settings but also affect poorer world region

283 ariable and severely constrained compared to high-income settings, informal labor movements rather th

284 In high-income settings, it has been responsible for an epi

285 me countries and for specific populations in high-income settings, many of these advancements are but

286 ially higher than those in middle-income and high-income settings.

287 o be important for the health of children in high-income settings.

288 cines is reduced in low-income compared with high-income settings.

289 rent rotavirus vaccines in low-income versus high-income settings.

290 This was true for low/middle and high income sites.

291 dle-income countries that have both low- and high-income subpopulations can provide a proxy measure f

292 eration (>14% of blindness) as causes in the high-income subregions.

293 an 5 years in England (UK), a representative high-income temperate country, and used these results to

294 s been a seismic shift in smoking rates from high-income to low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).

295 We compared results from high-income, upper middle-income, lower middle-income, a

296 regression models, and compared results for high-income, upper-middle-income, lower-middle-income, a

297 ome, semirural setting, and Jews living in a high-income, urban setting.

298 esource extraction for their livelihood face high income variability driven by a mix of environmental

299 Whereas high-income White respondents tended to overestimate rac

300 pulation of 1 751 479 (54% women) from seven high-income WHO member countries.