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1 entivectors in the skeletal muscle of murine hindlimb.
2 nd neovascularization in the murine ischemic hindlimb.
3 echanisms that change proportions within the hindlimb.
4 the recovered proprioceptive function of the hindlimb.
5 k as monitored by five muscle nerves in each hindlimb.
6 flow, and functional recovery in an ischemic hindlimb.
7 f motor recovery, especially in ipsilesional hindlimb.
8 r cells, leading to severe truncation of the hindlimb.
9 rea of primary motor cortex representing the hindlimb.
10 al and lateral IO affected both forelimb and hindlimb.
11 the trunk body wall not associated with the hindlimb.
12 ting acute and chronic regeneration in a rat hindlimb.
13 are differentially modified in forelimb and hindlimb.
14 of the flight muscles and enlargement of the hindlimbs.
15 , followed by stepping-like movements in the hindlimbs.
16 brate cats walking on a treadmill with their hindlimbs.
17 rve, and the dorsal motor nerve in fore- and hindlimbs.
18 nic proteins in ischemic AMPKalpha2(DeltaMC) hindlimbs.
19 tep-training as opposed to training only the hindlimbs.
20 absence of a variable distal portion of the hindlimbs.
22 aining the forelimbs in conjunction with the hindlimbs after a thoracic spinal cord hemisection in ad
24 rons that project to L5 selectively disrupts hindlimb alternation allowing a continuum of walking to
27 e consistently observed a protrusion between hindlimb and forelimb representation, which in rats corr
28 ly higher blood flow restoration in ischemic hindlimb and higher capillaries density at histological
29 athway regulates skeletal development of the hindlimb and lower jaw through discrete populations of c
30 EB, an enhancer of Tbx4, produces defects in hindlimbs and genitalia, establishing the importance of
31 d functional survival of AD-MSCs in ischemic hindlimbs and provoked a synergetic effect with AD-MSCs
32 echanism when the animal was standing on its hindlimbs and which was partially dependent on the endog
34 rongly negatively allometric relative to the hindlimb, and patterns of vascular canal orientation pro
35 rneuronal networks linking the forelimbs and hindlimbs are amenable to a rehabilitation training para
37 eropods, the pelvic girdle is downsized, the hindlimbs are short, and all of the limb bones are solid
38 ctions of RFA, CFA, and the caudally located hindlimb area (CHA), which is a part of M1, were determi
40 me3) analyses on its developing forelimb and hindlimb autopods at sequential embryonic stages to deci
41 tly test this hypothesis, we applied passive hindlimb bike exercise after complete thoracic transecti
42 otein synthesis rates that match the reduced hindlimb blood flow and oxygen consumption rates in IUGR
43 muscle protein synthesis rates match reduced hindlimb blood flow and oxygen consumption rates in the
46 gen and nutrient supply to the fetus affects hindlimb blood flow, substrate uptake and protein accret
50 in pythons, and HOXD gene expression in the hindlimb buds progresses to the distal phase, forming an
52 ranscription is weak and transient in python hindlimb buds, leading to early termination of a genetic
53 the ancestral enhancer drives expression in hindlimbs but not forelimbs, in locations that have been
54 by bilateral mechanical hypersensitivity of hindlimbs, but corpus callosotomy eliminated the analges
55 Unlike Grem1, Chrdl1 is expressed in the hindlimb by a small subset of ZPA cells and their descen
56 li (VF neurons) is a potent activator of the hindlimb central pattern generators (CPGs) in rodent spi
57 ficantly improved the locomotor deficits and hindlimb clasping phenotype, both in male and female mic
60 eficient mice developed forelimb stereotypy, hindlimb clasping, excessive grooming and hypo-activity
62 sured the cardiovascular responses to static hindlimb contraction or tendon stretch before and after
63 cally transformed mice and the disruption of hindlimb coordination following ablation of descending L
64 en verified that neurons in the deafferented hindlimb cortex increased their responsiveness to tactil
65 forepaw sensory cortex into the deafferented hindlimb cortex, associated with sprouting of corticospi
66 erwent massive changes after injury and that hindlimb cortical areas were recruited to control the fo
67 reover, the tissue perfusion in the ischemic hindlimb could be quantitatively measured by the dynamic
69 ns serve as a major link between SCA and the hindlimb CPGs and that the ability of SCA to induce step
70 deletion of the SAM domain induces a complex hindlimb defect associated with down-regulation of Trp63
72 nheritance; implicating 13 genes involved in hindlimb development in bilateral cases and 11 in unilat
74 howed that Has2 conditional mutant (Has2cko) hindlimbs display digit-specific patterning defects with
75 raising the possibility that re-emergence of hindlimbs during snake evolution did not require de novo
78 relimbs were engaged simultaneously with the hindlimbs during treadmill step-training as opposed to t
80 unctuated evolution of allometric scaling of hindlimb elements during the radiation of Dipodoidea.
81 demonstrate that the HLEB of snakes has lost hindlimb enhancer function while retaining genital activ
86 ats, these results show that the encoding of hindlimb features in motor cortex dynamics is comparable
87 of interest in the ischemic and nonischemic hindlimbs for quantification of regional changes in CT-d
88 hat actively engaging the forelimbs improves hindlimb function and that one likely mechanism underlyi
90 lectrophysiological analyses showed improved hindlimb function when the forelimbs were engaged simult
93 mg/kg resulted in significant improvement in hindlimb grip strength and a 30% decrease in inflammatio
94 less of a decline in normalized forelimb and hindlimb grip strength and declines in in vitro EDL forc
99 ty electrical stimulation of the ipsilateral hindlimb in awake rats evoked field potentials in the C1
100 of blood vasculature in the mouse brain and hindlimb in the NIR-IIb window with short exposure time
103 q palmitoylation in ischemic and nonischemic hindlimbs in vivo In summary, we demonstrate that NAC ac
111 njection, and iii) vascular flow recovery to hindlimb ischemia as indicated by laser Doppler and alph
112 ypic outcomes that follow surgically induced hindlimb ischemia between inbred mouse strains to identi
113 that miR-93 enhances perfusion recovery from hindlimb ischemia by modulation of multiple genes that c
117 on in rat tibialis anterior (TA) muscle in a hindlimb ischemia model (i.e., ligation of the iliac art
118 d flow recovery and neovessel formation in a hindlimb ischemia model compared with nondiabetic mice.
120 ved the recovery of blood flow in the murine hindlimb ischemia model of peripheral artery disease.
121 c catalase transgenic mice (Cat-Tg mice) and hindlimb ischemia model to address the role of endogenou
124 In this study, In vivo experiments with hindlimb ischemia models revealed that XBP1 deficiency i
126 reperfusion after occlusion was removed) or hindlimb ischemia reperfusion injury (left leg tournique
128 apillary density and perfusion recovery from hindlimb ischemia, and antagomirs to miR-93 attenuated p
129 ng with larger extent of tissue damage after hindlimb ischemia, as compared to wild-type (WT) litterm
130 in their extent of perfusion recovery after hindlimb ischemia, we found that the mouse strain with h
143 d pigs were subjected to RIPC (4x5/5 minutes hindlimb ischemia/reperfusion) or placebo (PLA) before 6
145 Rats dosed with CK-2066260 showed increased hindlimb isometric and isokinetic force in response to s
148 on responses in the hindlimb motor cortex to hindlimb kinematics and hindlimb muscle synergies across
151 Siberia with small scales around the distal hindlimb, larger imbricated scales around the tail, mono
152 Morphological comparison showed that lower hindlimb length in the introduced populations tended to
155 nical coupling, to partly recover unassisted hindlimb locomotion after complete spinal cord injury.
157 the spinal cord that control left and right hindlimb locomotion can differentially and simultaneousl
159 cats and primates, cortical contribution to hindlimb locomotor movements is not critical in rats.
160 ence that, despite its broad contribution to hindlimb mesenchyme and facial epithelium, the Isl1-beta
161 s that give rise to Shh-expressing posterior hindlimb mesenchyme and Fgf8-expressing mandibular epith
162 g 26 days revealed a significant increase in hindlimb microvascular density in response to experiment
168 aling in retinocollicular development and in hindlimb motor axon guidance, suggesting that chick and
169 in rats suggests that cortical engagement in hindlimb motor control may depend on the behavioral cont
170 temporally scaled activity occurs in the rat hindlimb motor cortex in the absence of motor output and
171 targeted deletion of FGFR1 and FGFR2 in the hindlimb motor cortex limits the formation of new synaps
172 whole-body kinematics, muscle synergies, and hindlimb motor cortex modulation in freely moving rats p
174 ped the neuronal population responses in the hindlimb motor cortex to hindlimb kinematics and hindlim
175 ubsets of lumbar motor neurons: HGF supports hindlimb motor neurons through c-Met; CNTF supports subs
176 neuronal activity, were used to replace the hindlimb movement as a trigger for reward in real-time (
178 ouse (lamb1t) exhibits intermittent dystonic hindlimb movements and postures when awake, and hyperext
181 We further show that, in ischaemic rabbit hindlimbs, MRTF-A as well as Tss4 induce functional neov
182 ion were implanted with electrodes to record hindlimb muscle activity chronically and to stimulate th
183 ith higher levels of microRNA-93 (miR-93) in hindlimb muscle before ischemia and the greater ability
185 logical analyses revealed that Stac3-deleted hindlimb muscle contained more slow type-like fibers tha
186 o frequent electrostimulation, Stac3-deleted hindlimb muscle contracted but the maximal tension gener
190 Rodents dosed with CK-2066260 show increased hindlimb muscle force and power in response to submaxima
191 ted against muscle fatigue and increased mdx hindlimb muscle force by 40%, a value comparable to curr
192 antibody (GSK577548) significantly improves hindlimb muscle innervation at 90 days, a late symptomat
193 limb motor cortex to hindlimb kinematics and hindlimb muscle synergies across a spectrum of natural l
194 adherin/CD31+/CD45-) isolated from uninjured hindlimb muscle tissue undergo in vivo EndMT when transp
197 0 in fibres of the entire posterior group of hindlimb muscles (gastrocnemius, soleus, and plantaris)
198 d vascular conductance for the 28 individual hindlimb muscles and muscle parts correlated positively
202 rological impairment, delayed denervation of hindlimb muscles, and prolonged survival of spinal motor
203 s area control movements involving trunk and hindlimb muscles, those in the intermediate part control
211 tested this hypothesis in the left and right hindlimbs of four intact and two chronic spinal-transect
212 of praying mantids (Mantidae), the elongated hindlimbs of grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Caelifera), and t
214 into the anterior tibial compartment of the hindlimbs of NOD-Rag1(null) IL2rgamma(null) immunodefici
215 mechanical hypersensitivity develops in the hindlimbs of rats in parallel with a reduction in all co
216 genitalia develop directly from the budding hindlimbs, or the remnants thereof, whereas in mice the
217 encephalomyelitis mouse model with complete hindlimb paralysis and death by 30 d after induction of
218 06 in mice results in progressive ataxia and hindlimb paralysis associated with motor neuron degenera
219 their ablation using PLP-CreERT resulted in hindlimb paralysis with immobility at approximately 30 d
220 nn cells displayed tremor that progressed to hindlimb paralysis, which correlated with diminished num
221 extended median survival by 50% and delayed hindlimb paralysis, with animals remaining ambulatory un
224 imbs, leading to the accelerated recovery of hindlimb perfusion and superior muscle regeneration.
227 fusion, between-limb proportions, and within-hindlimb proportions all evolved independently of one an
228 ed the crocodylian-like ankle morphology and hindlimb proportions of stem archosaurs and early pseudo
230 dual specimens, showing that the forelimb-to-hindlimb ratio changed rapidly during the first or secon
231 y, that terminate as climbing fibers in the "hindlimb-receiving" parts of the C1 and C3 zones in the
232 ug of GsMTx4 into the arterial supply of the hindlimb reduced the peak pressor (control: 24 +/- 2, Gs
233 ug of GsMTx4 into the arterial supply of the hindlimb reduced the peak pressor (control: 24 +/- 5, Gs
234 ive DIs interfere with normal mouse ischemic hindlimb regeneration and suggest that their use could b
236 elopmental mechanisms, and elongation of the hindlimb relative to the forelimb is not simply due to g
240 urons in mid-thoracic segments contribute to hindlimb scratching and may be part of a distributed mot
244 Contrast ultrasound perfusion imaging of hindlimb skeletal muscle and femoral artery diameter mea
248 hyl-l-thiocitrulline (SMTC) would reduce rat hindlimb skeletal muscle blood flow and vascular conduct
250 ribute to the hyperaemic response within rat hindlimb skeletal muscle during low-speed treadmill runn
254 Isl1-expressing cells caused agenesis of the hindlimb skeleton and absence of the lower jaw (agnathia
255 nt in all skin tissues, localized kPhd2KO in hindlimb skin tissues did not have similar effects, excl
257 s sequentially from visual to barrel then to hindlimb somatosensory; the second principle is correlat
258 regulatory changes in the genes encoding the hindlimb-specific transcription factor Pitx1 and forelim
260 surface of the spinal cord at L3-L7 induced hindlimb stepping-like movements on a moving treadmill b
262 h injury is specifically induced in the left hindlimb, such that the right hindlimb serves as an inte
263 models of ischemia in the heart, brain, and hindlimb that only in the brain does NADPH oxidase 4 (NO
264 bited shifts in investment from forelimbs to hindlimbs that were qualitatively similar to anatomical
266 f altered regulation of CaV2.1 channels, the hindlimb tibialis anterior muscle in IM-AA mice exhibite
267 ETHODS AND When injected into mouse ischemic hindlimb tissue, CD34Exo, but not the CD34Exo-depleted c
268 ns result from a partial transformation from hindlimb to forelimb identity mediated by cis-regulatory
273 LEW) (n = 4) and allogeneic (BN-LEW) (n = 4) hindlimb transplants were performed and assessed for neu
278 obot impedance control at the pelvis allowed hindlimb, trunk, and forelimb mechanical interactions.
282 IR-II) fluorescence imaging, to image murine hindlimb vasculature and blood flow in an experimental m
283 nto the body, we demonstrated that the mouse hindlimb vasculature could be imaged with higher spatial
284 wild-type littermates resulting in impaired hindlimb vasodilatation to the ACE substrate, bradykinin
285 rgonomic pain models (eccentric exercise and hindlimb vibration) and in a model of endometriosis.
286 The soleus of the immobilized-reambulated hindlimb was found to have a greater amount of muscle da
287 entation provide evidence that growth of the hindlimb was particularly rapid during the middle part o
289 spinalized adult rats can recover unassisted hindlimb weight support and locomotion without explicit
290 bot rehabilitation that promotes recovery of hindlimb weight support functions on trunk motor cortex
296 cond order intramuscular arterioles from rat hindlimb were isolated, cut longitudinally, fixed, and i
297 restingly, CD34Exo, when treated to ischemic hindlimbs, were most efficiently internalized by endothe
298 menter-induced movement of the tumor-bearing hindlimb with a context produces conditioned place avoid
299 nglion neurons, reversed hypersensitivity of hindlimb withdrawal reflexes, and reduced ongoing pain a
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