ライフサイエンスコーパス: hominid

1 omoplasy-free, to elucidate the phylogeny of hominids.

2 ormations that characterize the evolution of hominids.

3 ume, to a size comparable with that of early hominids.

4 ters are shared exclusively with all younger hominids.

5 an explanation for the handedness unique to hominids.

6 nge and/or savannah habitat in the origin of hominids.

7 lved the phylogenetic history of these early hominids.

8 the anterior cingulate cortex of pongids and hominids.

9 applied to the study of sexual dimorphism in hominids.

10 iotic relationships of seven species of wild hominids.

11 nduced mutagenesis patterns across different hominids.

12 zees and ancient (Neanderthal and Denisovan) hominids.

13 ply to the evolution of division of labor in hominids.

14 Over 15% of all binding sites are unique to hominids.

15 me (hg38) and appear to be unique to archaic hominids.

16 of non-human primates (NHPs), from lemurs to hominids.

17 notypic differences between humans and other hominids.

18 ovide insights into the evolution of archaic hominids.

19 hat a low IMMR is the primitive condition in hominids.

20 tive efflorescence of later Plio-Pleistocene hominids.

21 acters are primitive and like those of later hominids.

22 apes as well as with African apes and later hominids.

23 Kenya National Museums Lukenya Hill Hominid 1 (KNM-LH 1) is a Homo sapiens partial calvaria

24 ally our most distant relatives among extant hominids [1].

25 For each of these hominid A3C enzymes, dimerization enables processivity o

26 However, other hominid A3C proteins only have an S188, suggesting they

27 Recombination rates around hominid accelerated conserved regions (ACRs) are further

28 African apes and hominids acquired advanced orthogrady in parallel.

29 dditional loci carried a strong footprint of hominid adaptation, including elevated nucleotide substi

30 iest Hominidae and helps to define the basal hominid adaptation, thereby accentuating the derived nat

31 a five amino acid deletion that occurred in hominids after their divergence from chimpanzees.

32 Colourful and diverse players, such as early hominids, agriculturalists, conquistadors and various an

33 A molecule appears to represent mtDNA from a hominid ancestor that has been translocated to the nucle

34 Loss of Neu5Gc in hominid ancestors approximately 2 to 3 million years ago

35 difications among Ethiopian Plio-Pleistocene hominid and faunal remains at Asa Issie, Maka, Hadar, an

36 show that some conventions routinely used by hominid and other mammalian paleontologists are unwarran

37 The last common ancestor of hominids and chimpanzees was therefore a careful climber

38 ve of both cetacean suborders in addition to hominids and elephants suggests that these particular ne

39 Hominids and extant African apes have each become highly

40 Early hominids and extant apes are remarkably divergent in man

41 also have implications for the prehistory of hominids and for the genetic origins and recent emergenc

42 es between Neanderthals and the Skhul/Qafzeh hominids and indicate that a significant shift in human

43 ounger than previous age estimates for these hominids and indicate that H. erectus may have survived

44 radial morphology differs from that of later hominids and non-knuckle-walking anthropoid primates, su

45 ignificantly changed since the split between hominids and rodents.

46 of a host switch from a non-human primate to hominids and that the extant populations did not origina

47 Our primate legacy, fossil hominid, and hunting-gathering lifestyles selected for a

48 easurements of fossil postcrania from female hominids, and also compared with estimates of female bod

49 can apes, approaching the condition in later hominids, and indicating that O. tugenensis was bipedal.

50 f MEIs to date spanning chimpanzees, ancient hominids, and modern humans and reveals new aspects of M

51 rds, the evolution of speech and language in hominids, and the evolution of echolocation in bats.

52 rded as the fundamental adaptation that sets hominids apart from other primates.

53 tarrhines, that is, in Old World monkeys and hominids (apes, including humans), having become a pseud

54 3' end with the vpr gene and can antagonize hominid APOBEC3s.

55 The Herto hominids are morphologically and chronologically interme

56 a, yet retained the size and pleomorphism of hominid astroglia, and propagated Ca2+ signals 3-fold fa

57 ults of the functional analyses suggest that hominids at both sites were exploiting woody and starchy

58 the Upper Paleolithic and Middle Paleolithic hominids at these sites were broad-based foragers capabl

59 , South Africa, demonstrates that this early hominid ate not only fruits and leaves but also large qu

60 consensus holds that the 3-million-year-old hominid Australopithecus africanus subsisted on fruits a

61 Many important hominid-bearing fossil localities in East Africa are in

62 ing of fossil bovid teeth collected from the hominid-bearing levels at these sites gave mean ages of

63 The Lower Aramis Member hominid-bearing unit, now exposed across a > 9-kilometer

64 d on the cognitive architecture of ancestral hominids because they, unlike other tool-using species,

65 e surfaces of ancient bones to infer ancient hominid behaviors such as slicing, chopping, and percuss

66 It is still debated, however, whether these hominids belong in their own species, Homo neanderthalen

67 ties in evolutionary genomics, insights into hominid biology, and an extensive database of variation

68 suggesting that the tempo and mode of early hominid brain evolution may need reevaluation.

69 et still may be strong enough to account for hominid brain evolution.

70 Hominid brain size increased dramatically in the face of

71 region that make them unique not only among hominids but possibly among terrestrial mammals in gener

72 ertals that make them unique, not only among hominids, but possibly among all other terrestrial mamma

73 ed LCA.The pattern of body size evolution in hominids can provide insight into historical human ecolo

74 diagnostic craniodental remains, the largest hominid canine yet recovered, and the earliest Australop

75 go, the dietary capabilities of the earliest hominids changed dramatically, leaving them well suited

76 Moreover, uniquely derived hominid characters, especially those of locomotion and c

77 on, appear to have emerged shortly after the hominid/chimpanzee divergence.

78 milar to the evolutionarily related nonhuman hominids (chimpanzees, bonobos, gorillas, and orangutans

79 sent the earliest definitive evidence of the hominid clade.

80 This hominid combined arboreal palmigrade clambering and care

81 utionary history shows an overall slowing in hominids compared with primates and rodents.

82 e and intelligence, reminiscent of the early hominid condition.

83 They may also suggest that hominids consumed high-quality animal foods before the d

84 ric analysis of general shape, that the five hominid crania from Dmanisi in Georgia represent a singl

85 Here we describe fossilized hominid crania from Herto, Middle Awash, Ethiopia, that

86 oximately 2.8- to 2.6-million-year-old early hominid cranium (Stw 505) from Sterkfontein, South Afric

87 The hominid dental anatomy (occlusal enamel thickness, absol

88 the ratio of older to younger adults in four hominid dental samples from successive time periods, and

89 Here we show that these earliest hominids derive from relatively wet and wooded environme

90 These deposits have now yielded the earliest hominids, described in an accompanying paper and dated h

91 Here we report new Early Pliocene hominid discoveries and their palaeoenvironmental contex

92 d phylogenies require between four and seven hominid dispersal events between southern Africa, easter

93 re premature to posit extensive late Miocene hominid diversity on the basis of currently available sa

94 volution of lethal intergroup violence among hominids during the 2.9-million-year Paleolithic time sp

95 e to dietary sources of ethanol increased in hominids during the early stages of our adaptation to a

96 or C4 plants is lacking prior to 7-8 Ma, and hominid ecosystems at 4.4 Ma show no isotopic evidence f

97 Some currently accepted estimates of early hominid endocranial capacity may be inflated, suggesting

98 Applied to ancestral hominid environments, the story fits with evolutionary t

99 and construction for hunting in the earliest hominids, especially given our observations that females

100 y diverged from modern human mtDNAs early in hominid evolution about 770,000 years before present.

101 ge (Ye) began amplifying relatively early in hominid evolution and continued propagating at a low lev

102 ides ecological insight into a key period of hominid evolution and valuable information for future st

103 ssil evidence of Late Miocene-Early Pliocene hominid evolution is rare and limited to a few sites in

104 cardiovascular disease, Lewy body dementia, hominid evolution, and inflammation.

105 om the rapid evolution of ASPM during recent hominid evolution.

106 all relative size of the frontal lobe during hominid evolution.

107 thus appears to have been widespread during hominid evolution.

108 five million years ago and are not unique to hominid evolution.

109 bee diversity, a trend analogous to that of hominid evolution.

110 only three or four million years ago, during hominid evolution.

111 terial genomes diversified in concert during hominid evolution.

112 ay account for episodic bursts in CNV during hominid evolution.

113 reby providing an informative perspective on hominid evolution.

114 tern and rates of genomic duplication during hominid evolution.

115 Natural selection has had < 1% of hominid evolutionary time to eliminate the inevitable ma

116 Pan-Gorilla clade, and suggests that bipedal hominids evolved from a knuckle-walking ancestor that wa

117 4.1 million years ago, and perhaps earlier, hominids exhibited adaptations to bipedal walking.

118 between 4.51 and 4.32 million years for the hominid finds at As Duma.

119 of substantial and accurately dated African hominid fossils from between 100,000 and 300,000 years a

120 Hominid fossils from Ngandong and Sambungmacan, Central

121 Hominid fossils from this interval, however, are fragmen

122 Hominid fossils predating the emergence of Australopithe

123 scribe the characterization of these extinct hominids from a new perspective, based on the developmen

124 to estimate the deleterious mutation rate in hominids from the level of selective constraint in DNA s

125 ided with the evolutionary divergence of the hominids from the Old World monkeys.

126 nd Orrorin, the two other named late Miocene hominid genera, implies that these putative taxa are ver

127 man genomes and estimate 16% (469 Mb) of the hominid genome has been affected by recent CNV.

128 have played a role in the remodeling of the hominid genome.

129 A single HERV-T provirus in hominid genomes includes an env gene (hsaHTenv) that has

130 any of its members are found in a variety of hominid genomes.

131 ese Late Miocene fossils are assigned to the hominid genus Ardipithecus and represent the earliest de

132 largely consistent with a stem member of the hominid (great ape and human) clade.

133 on ancestor (LCA) of humans and chimpanzees, hominids (great apes and humans), or hominoids (all apes

134 common ancestor of hylobatids (gibbons) and hominids (great apes and humans).

135 rates of spermatogenesis have likely had in hominids (great apes), considering a model that approxim

136 ave been recognized as a distinctive extinct hominid group that occupied Europe and western Asia betw

137 s of strain-level bacterial diversity within hominid gut microbiomes revealed that clades of Bacteroi

138 Sequencing the genomes of extinct hominids has reshaped our understanding of modern human

139 joint complexes relative to the Skhul/Qafzeh hominids, have led some researchers to conclude that sig

140 red between 1.0 and 3.5 million years ago in hominid hosts.

141 two diseases in relation to the evolution of hominids in Africa.

142 The existence at this time of other hominids in South Asia (Sivapithecus) and Southeast Asia

143 ighly autapomorphic (uniquely derived) among hominids in the structure of its skull and postcranial s

144 res shared exclusively with any extant crown hominid, including Pongo.

145 ing gut bacteria are congruent with those of hominids, indicating that nuclear, mitochondrial, and gu

146 floresiensis by Falk et al. implies that the hominid is an insular dwarf derived from H. erectus, but

147 drove the diversification and divergence of hominid KIR, with six positions in the HLA class I bindi

148 Ar. ramidus and all later hominids lack the carpometacarpal articular and ligament

149 tern portion of Olduvai Gorge indicates that hominid land use of the eastern paleobasin extended at l

150 ly eating mostly fruit and leaves, and early hominids left this environment for the savannah and grea

151 hat occurred some 6 million years ago in the hominid lineage and subsequent rearrangements, including

152 omosomal rearrangements that occurred in the hominid lineage and that relates to the evolution of lan

153 n of the human mitochondrion occurred in the hominid lineage driven by the need to optimize the aerob

154 ecline in retrotransposition activity in the hominid lineage during the last 40 Myr.

155 ificantly enhanced evolutionary rates in the hominid lineage.

156 at have amplified since the emergence of the hominid lineage.

157 n of 200-300 bp during the past 5 Myr in the hominid lineage.

158 estingly, we found that GAD3 was lost in the hominid lineage.

159 scendant relationship and exclusivity to the hominid lineage.

160 son activity have slowed particularly within hominid lineages when compared to rodents or monkeys.

161 since divergence of the Old World Monkey and hominid lineages.

162 mutations may therefore have become fixed in hominid lineages.

163 The relative roles of hominids, mammalian carnivores, and crocodiles in the fo

164 The evolving hominid masticatory apparatus--traceable to a Late Mioce

165 sitize a wide range of hosts; and (iv) early hominids may have first acquired Trichinella on the Afri

166 This suggests that those hominids may have possessed adaptations that allowed the

167 g apes and propose that canal size in fossil hominids may provide an indication about the motor coord

168 We conclude that either hominid migration into the Americas occurred very much e

169 these mutations occurred after the suggested hominid migration out of Africa [100-150 000 years befor

170 ralleling the emergence of Homo erectus-like hominid morphology.

171 ysis of the hand remains of the Skhul/Qafzeh hominids, Neanderthals, early and late Upper Paleolithic

172 e Middle Awash provide fresh perspectives on hominid origins and early evolution.

173 thiopia's Afar Rift, now illuminates earlier hominid paleobiology and aspects of extant African ape e

174 ool use has been crucial in the evolution of hominid percussive technology.

175 the biogeographic patterns implied by early hominid phylogenies and compared them to the known dispe

176 r and single nucleotide variation across the hominid phylogeny.

177 200,000 years, suggesting that the ancestral hominid population at this time was widely dispersed acr

178 raced their origin back to the beginnings of hominid primate evolution, approximately 18 to 25 millio

179 ermore, the level of selective constraint in hominid protein-coding sequences is atypically low.

180 Since hominids reached Australia at least 50 000 years ago, a

181 The results suggest that early hominids regularly exploited relatively open environment

182 response in humans compared with our closest hominid relative, the chimpanzee, includes the progressi

183 mutation rate, which has accelerated in the hominids relative to other sequenced mammals.

184 for a eutherian mammal, far lower than their hominid relatives.

185 However, such claims about Plio-Pleistocene hominids rely mostly on very small assemblages of bony r

186 n collected from east of Lake Rudolf include hominid remains and the earliest dated stone artefacts k

187 However, why this division evolved in hominids requires further investigation.

188 compares the ability of six theta-defensins (hominid retrocyclins 1-3 and rhesus theta-defensins 1-3)

189 dence indicate that the 65,250 base pairs of hominid sequence so far identified in the library are of

190 The hominid shows strong affinities to the KNM ER 1470 crani

191 of genetic mutation and, in contrast to the hominid slowdown of single-base-pair mutations, there ha

192 and the fragmentary data available on early hominid social formations and their geographical distrib

193 Most hominid species dispersed at the same time and in the sa

194 mens, many phylogenies identify at least one hominid species that dispersed in the direction opposite

195 t") that separated Homo sapiens from a prior hominid species.

196 globe and in the replacement of preexisting hominid species.

197 These hominid-specific lincRNAs are more tissue specific, enri

198 SVA elements are ~2-kb hominid-specific noncoding RNAs that have resulted in si

199 Hominid specimens from both sites have played critical r

200 Here I report new hominid specimens from the Middle Awash area of Ethiopia

201 However, depending on the ages of critical hominid specimens, many phylogenies identify at least on

202 raise additional questions about the claimed hominid status of Orrorin tugenensis, recently described

203 zzling features of the prehistoric record of hominid stone tools is its apparent punctuation: it cons

204 extant African apes and candidate ancestral hominids such as Ardipithecus, Orrorin and Sahelanthropu

205 stors of modern non-Africans and now extinct hominids such as Neanderthals and Denisovans.

206 Recent studies on bats, goats and hominids suggest that some mammalian brains may have und

207 and taphonomic evidence associated with the hominids, suggest that they occupied a wooded biotope ov

208 on of the microbiota within humans and other hominids suggests an ancient assembly that has been sele

209 itude and rate of morphological evolution in hominids suggests that many independent and incremental

210 ls (approximately 10,000), including several hominid taxa.

211 are used to estimate birthweights of extinct hominid taxa.

212 icates that the fossils probably represent a hominid taxon that postdated the divergence of lineages

213 Late Miocene fossil hominid teeth recovered from Ethiopia's Middle Awash are

214 Coupled to this virion retention, hominid tetherins induce proinflammatory gene expression

215 pid cognitive or morphological change in the hominids that created the tools, or replacement of one s

216 ing bipedalism is a key derived behaviour of hominids that possibly originated soon after the diverge

217 etacean species a pattern similar to that in hominids, the VENs being larger than neighboring layer V

218 Because retrocyclin-1, an ancestral hominid theta-defensin, can protect human cells in vitro

219 we suggest that during the evolution of the hominids, this same pantomime mechanism could have been

220 lines of evidence suggest that in ancestral hominids, this younger generation typically comprised im

221 thought to have influenced the evolution of hominids, via the aridification of Africa, and may have

222 verage genomes for Denisovan and Neanderthal hominids, we conducted a screen for endogenized retrovir

223 ected ancestral uricases obtained from early hominids, we show that their expression on HepG2 cells i

224 and across mammalian lineages including the hominids which are known to exhibit marked variability i

225 nism as a new source of genomic variation in hominids with a strong potential for functional conseque

226 rn, to Middle Upper Paleolithic early modern hominids, with the Levantine Middle Paleolithic early mo

227 the 42,000-y-old Mungo Man [Willandra Lakes Hominid (WLH3)].