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1 ates, strepsirrhines, New World monkeys, and hominoids).
2 keys) and catarrhines (Old World monkeys and hominoids).
3 d to compare evolved energy strategies among hominoids.
4 KIR2DL4, is also common to rhesus monkey and hominoids.
5 atures that may link proconsulids with later hominoids.
6 ost extreme case of positive selection among hominoids.
7 nzee pseudogene comparison, produced U>3 for hominoids.
8 nomic rearrangement before the divergence of hominoids.
9 iverse set of humans but not in other extant hominoids.
10 alism for cercopithecoids and orthogrady for hominoids.
11 ostcranial shared derived features of extant hominoids.
12 es that place it with 'nyanzapithecine' stem hominoids.
13 slower molecular clock as compared to other hominoids.
14 nger generation time in humans than in other hominoids.
15 evolution compared to chimpanzees and other hominoids.
16 tes of single-nucleotide substitutions among hominoids.
17 rtion to the cerebellum, compared with other hominoids.
18 B has persisted since the common ancestor of hominoids.
19 evidence bearing on proconsulids' purported hominoid affinities is further weakened by this conclusi
20 anzees, hominids (great apes and humans), or hominoids (all apes and humans), which is needed to eval
21 ever analyzed in a comparative study of the hominoid amygdala, our findings suggest that an emphasis
24 ive selection, a strong episode occurring in hominoid ancestors about the time of the IgA gene duplic
26 Genome-based estimates for divergence of hominoids and cercopithecoids range into the early Oligo
27 n reorganization was apparently different in hominoids and cercopithecoids, showing that brain size a
28 he morphology of the last common ancestor of hominoids and cercopithecoids, the timing of their diver
34 aints since shortly before the separation of hominoids and Old World monkeys approximately 23 million
35 s of years-to date, the only such example in hominoids and Old World monkeys outside of the major his
40 points, one each within cercopithecoids and hominoids, and tests for a statistically appropriate mod
42 eral lines of indirect evidence suggest that hominoids (apes and humans) and cercopithecoids (Old Wor
43 between the two groups of extant catarrhines-hominoids (apes and humans) and Old World monkeys-and ar
44 nsul these features evolved independently in hominoids (apes) and cercopithecoids and much earlier in
45 mutation rates into split times among extant hominoids (apes), given sex-specific life histories.
47 trees for the four extant species of African hominoids are presented, based on mtDNA control region-1
50 n is derived with respect to earlier Miocene hominoids but is primitive with respect to the younger s
53 s an improvement over other estimates of the hominoid-cercopithecoid divergence because it incorporat
55 using this model of molecular evolution, the hominoid-cercopithecoid divergence is estimated to range
57 p of crown Catarrhini, and we infer that the hominoid-cercopithecoid split happened later, between 29
58 ups of anthropoid primates, the catarrhines (hominoids, cercopithecoids) and platyrrhines (ceboids),
59 lts indicate extensive local repatterning of hominoid chromosomes in euchromatic regions through a du
60 nce suggests that nyanzapithecines were stem hominoids close to the origin of extant apes, and that h
64 gests that the lineage leading to the living hominoids dispersed out of Africa about twenty million y
68 and KIR2DL5, have been preserved throughout hominoid evolution, and one of them, KIR2DL4, is also co
73 itat also has been suggested for the 6.0 Myr hominoid fossils recently recovered from Lukeino, Kenya.
79 f genic segments during the evolution of the hominoid genome and strongly implicate GC-rich repeat el
81 austive BLAST searches of MCR numts in three hominoid genomes; (2) assessed numt prevalence across th
82 rth central Kenya mandates a revision of the hominoid genus Kenyapithecus, a possible early member of
87 n the canine and skeletal size dimorphism in hominoids, imply that the species was not characterized
88 y pronounced along the catarrhine lineage to hominoids in which the nonsynonymous rate was first fast
89 at male reproductive genes evolve rapidly in hominoids is an oversimplification, a subset of proteins
91 sent in Macaca mulatta whose divergence from hominoids is thought to have occurred at least 33 millio
93 s, New World monkeys, Old World monkeys, and hominoids, lending support to the idea that primate brai
98 to previous suggestions, that the LCA of all hominoids lived in an environment that favored a gibbon-
100 nder pressure from rapidly evolving viruses, hominoid MHC class I molecules also evolve rapidly, beco
101 in our knowledge of fine-scale variation in hominoid morphology, behavior, and genetics, and aspects
103 stricted to B cells from their own family of hominoids or Old World NHP, suggesting a high degree of
106 head is more palmar than in all other known hominoids, permitting extreme midcarpal dorsiflexion.
107 y >1 kb in length, to accurately reconstruct hominoid phylogeny and recover the correct point of numt
108 nt resided in an orthologous position in all hominoid primate genomes examined, demonstrating that th
109 Additionally, the chimpanzee is the only hominoid primate known to produce a firm copulatory plug
111 ed by an unusual exon-shuffling mechanism in hominoid primates and represents a key example of rapid
113 ng fossil apes and hominins) and reconstruct hominoid proximal femur evolution using squared-change p
115 ars ago and thus represents the oldest known hominoid sharing these derived characters with living ap
118 ar rates comes from the primates; e.g., the "hominoid slowdown." These rate differences are hypothesi
121 a segment of the mitochondrial genome of six hominoid species (human, common and pygmy chimpanzees, g
124 a set of 75 KIR sequences representing five hominoid species was assembled, which also included rhes
126 and tumor suppressor genes (TSG) among seven hominoid species, including two extinct species, Neander
127 n autosomes but not on chromosome Y in other hominoid species, suggesting that it has duplicated on Y
132 ence of glutamate dehydrogenase 2 (GLUD2), a hominoid-specific enzyme purportedly optimized to facili
133 xpression of glutamate dehydrogenase GDH2, a hominoid-specific enzyme with relatively restricted expr
137 of mtDNA sequence variation seen in today's hominoid taxa probably reflect historical differences in
138 ndicates sedimentary constituents, including hominoid teeth and cranial fragments accumulated from ve
141 Three-dimensional landmark data from the hominoid temporal bone effectively quantify the shape of
142 such substitutions in the nuclear genomes of hominoids than in the nuclear genomes of other primate a
143 istic analyses show that Pliobates is a stem hominoid that is more derived than previously described
144 tes, mitochondrial protein-coding genes from hominoids, the hemagglutinin (HA) gene from human influe
145 e set of Old World and New World monkeys and hominoids to identify functional regions in the human ge
147 nd referential communication are generalized hominoid traits, given appropriate eliciting contexts.
149 orphological analysis of human and non-human hominoids was conducted in an attempt to determine the m
150 ly when a New World monkey was compared with hominoids were the rates slightly increased in the PAR1
151 l high levels of hand disparity among modern hominoids, which are explained by different evolutionary
152 This critical change in integration among hominoids, which is reflected in macroevolutionary diffe
153 sivalensis also supports reconstruction of a hominoid with a positional repertoire more similar to th
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