ライフサイエンスコーパス: hyperpolarizing

1 A(A) receptors switches from depolarizing to hyperpolarizing.

2 ABA once GABA(A) receptor activation becomes hyperpolarizing.

3 d dynamic nuclear polarization equipment for hyperpolarizing (13)C nuclei now offers the potential to

4 ide cotransporter KCC2 (which determines the hyperpolarizing action of GABA) and GABAA receptors.

5 chloride concentration required for the fast hyperpolarizing actions of inhibitory neurotransmitters

6 s and, in the presence of TTX, showed direct hyperpolarizing actions.

7 in non-capacitated sperm treated with these hyperpolarizing agents but not in untreated cells.

8 2+-activated K+ channels that underlie after hyperpolarizing (AHP) currents and contribute to the sha

9 pectroscopic and imaging applications and as hyperpolarizing and contrast agents for magnetic resonan

10 ed on differences in the voltage-response to hyperpolarizing and depolarizing current injection.

11 atory, the pattern of the neonatal brain, to hyperpolarizing and inhibitory, the pattern of the matur

12 ther hand, other work suggests that ChCs are hyperpolarizing and may have an inhibitory role.

13 anatomical architecture and endothelial cell hyperpolarizing apparatus for distinct vasodilatory sign

14 Voltage-clamp analysis showed a strong hyperpolarizing ( approximately 70 mV) shift of voltage

15 witched their direction from depolarizing to hyperpolarizing as a result of neuronal depolarization a

16 of population bursts, it transiently becomes hyperpolarizing at the peak of the population bursts.

17 er these conditions, realistic dynamic-clamp hyperpolarizing autapses restored precision of spike tim

18 eceive synaptic inputs from depolarizing and hyperpolarizing bipolar cells (DBCs and HBCs) as well as

19 ses between photoreceptors and rod-dominated hyperpolarizing bipolar cells (HBC(R)s) in the salamande

20 Hyperpolarizing bipolar cells express AMPA/kainate recep

21 onses suggests that ANT1 may be localized to hyperpolarizing bipolar cells.

22 etina as well as the previously proposed rod hyperpolarizing bipolar-cells pathway.

23 icotinic receptors coupled to the opening of hyperpolarizing Ca(2+)-activated small-conductance type

24 Hyperpolarizing cell 208 during a stimulus biases the le

25 ergic interneurons (ChIs) of the dSt whereas hyperpolarizing ChIs from the vSt by acting on different

26 Furthermore, hyperpolarizing cholinergic neurons via halorhodopsin ac

27 However, the transduction cascade of hyperpolarizing, ciliary photoreceptors of the scallop d

28 ENaC has increased steady-state activity at hyperpolarizing compared with depolarizing potentials as

29 These results indicate that the hyperpolarizing component of GABA(A) receptor-mediated i

30 the interaction of several depolarizing and hyperpolarizing conductances located in the soma and the

31 state termination was mediated by intrinsic hyperpolarizing conductances.

32 he excessive activation of calcium-activated hyperpolarizing conductances.

33 of this protein only partly reduces the slow hyperpolarizing current in hippocampus.

34 of a direct effect on spikelet activity from hyperpolarizing current injection suggest they do not ar

35 Hyperpolarizing current injection, but not AMPA receptor

36 rizing sag of transmembrane potential during hyperpolarizing current injection.

37 apacitance, input resistance and response to hyperpolarizing current injection.

38 After LTD, voltage sag during hyperpolarizing current injections and subthreshold reso

39 by either stimulation of GABAergic inputs or hyperpolarizing current injections, are enhanced by a su

40 activity of CI1 by injecting depolarizing or hyperpolarizing current or killing the cell using laser

41 pikes at the termination of a step of either hyperpolarizing current or light.

42 Rebound spikes triggered by hyperpolarizing current pulses were used to induce modif

43 ated from the network and driven by rhythmic hyperpolarizing current pulses, the delay to firing afte

44 A small hyperpolarizing current restores spontaneous APs, implyi

45 corded hair cell membrane responses to small hyperpolarizing current steps and found that activation

46 the h-current-dependent sag potential during hyperpolarizing current steps, subthreshold resonance in

47 d stimulus trains, however, activated a slow hyperpolarizing current that was blocked by an antagonis

48 d a pronounced "sag" in voltage responses to hyperpolarizing current, indicative of I(h).

49 accommodation to depolarizing (P < 0.01) and hyperpolarizing currents (P < 0.01), indicating membrane

50 tophyte alga Guillardia theta generate large hyperpolarizing currents at membrane potentials above th

51 s with more than two mutant SUR can dominate hyperpolarizing currents in heterozygous patients.

52 currents increased choice hysteresis, while hyperpolarizing currents suppressed it.

53 icroscopy, and voltage-clamp measurements of hyperpolarizing currents, we show that HCN channels are

54 decrease in firing frequency in response to hyperpolarizing currents.

55 arboxyl zinc-finger of Gata6 induces loss of hyperpolarizing cyclic nucleotide-gated channel, subtype

56 atrioventricular node with some retention of hyperpolarizing cyclic nucleotide-gated channel, subtype

57 el's voltage dependence of activation in the hyperpolarizing direction by approximately 100 mV, 50 mV

58 -dependence of channel activation toward the hyperpolarizing direction by approximately 145 mV (gamma

59 s were shifted by approximately 10 mV in the hyperpolarizing direction by fluphenazine (3 microM for

60 FL (Na(V)1.5(4X)) shifts inactivation in the hyperpolarizing direction compared with the wild-type ch

61 ependence of inactivation was shifted in the hyperpolarizing direction, and recovery from inactivatio

62 nhance ramp current or shift activation in a hyperpolarizing direction, and render DRG neurons hypere

63 BAPTA-AM) shifted activation of I(f) in the hyperpolarizing direction, and under these conditions th

64 12330A, 10 microm) shifted activation in the hyperpolarizing direction, while inhibition of phosphodi

65 rons undergoes a switch from depolarizing to hyperpolarizing during early neuronal development.

66 sed densely-expressed depolarizing (ChR2) or hyperpolarizing (eArch3.0, eNpHR3.0) tools to create a s

67 and KCC2, and thus prevents the switch to a hyperpolarizing effect of GABA.

68 ge of weak EPSPs, but produced a paradoxical hyperpolarizing effect on the peak voltage of stronger,

69 ere reduced and cells were less sensitive to hyperpolarizing effects of halothane and isoflurane.

70 e, but not dihydroceramide, mimics the rapid hyperpolarizing effects of IL-1beta on the activity of w

71 muscle cells (HASMCs) demonstrated membrane hyperpolarizing effects, well related to the intracellul

72 -sag") of the neuronal membrane to transient hyperpolarizing events.

73 Dilations to endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF) are significantly attenuat

74 oth muscle through the endothelium-dependent hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF) pathway.

75 ated by nitric oxide and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF), and both mechanisms are i

76 axation activity, termed endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF), is more prevalent in resi

77 +) channels that mediate endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF)-dependent relaxation.

78 d nitric oxide (NO)- and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF)-mediated, endothelium-depe

79 larization and is termed endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF).

80 dilation resulting from endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF).

81 Thus, enhanced endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor activity in conditions of nitric

82 endogenously generated H2S acts as a stealth hyperpolarizing factor on smooth muscle cells to maintai

83 ibutes to control of the endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor response, although this process i

84 g that cytochrome P450 metabolites and other hyperpolarizing factor(s) activate K(+)(Ca) channels.

85 oduction of the putative endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor(s).

86 to produce nitric oxide, endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor, or prostaglandins to cause vasod

87 ife of 12 h) potentiated endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor-mediated dilations of carotid art

88 roxide can operate as an endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor.

89 (H2O2) both function as endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factors (EDHFs) in the human coronary mi

90 ic acid release and that endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factors compensate for reduced nitric ox

91 We hypothesized that endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factors contribute to resting vascular t

92 ssed the contribution of endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factors to resting and agonist-stimulate

93 table K(+)(Ca) channels, endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factors, together with nitric oxide, con

94 A hyperpolarizing feedback generated by the localized IKCa

95 he timing of the switch from depolarizing to hyperpolarizing GABA is delayed in the cortex of fragile

96 ration ([Cl(-)](i)) that forms the basis for hyperpolarizing GABA(A) receptor-mediated responses.

97 However, females regain their hyperpolarizing GABA(A)ergic signaling at P14 and do not

98 es, 3KA-SE trigger a premature appearance of hyperpolarizing GABA(A)ergic signaling at P9, instead of

99 e NKCC1 inhibitor bumetanide, in contrast to hyperpolarizing GABA(A)R-mediated currents in normal neu

100 sed KCC2-mediated Cl- extrusion and impaired hyperpolarizing GABAAR- and/or GlyR-mediated currents ha

101 s of Ser940 that coincided with a deficit in hyperpolarizing GABAergic inhibition resulting from the

102 nd substantially improved the maintenance of hyperpolarizing GABAergic inhibition.

103 in fast synaptic inhibition by maintaining a hyperpolarizing gradient for chloride ions.

104 In both species, hyperpolarizing HCs by puffing a glutamate antagonist, 6

105 Like HC feedback in cones, hyperpolarizing HCs from -14 to -54, -84, and -104 mV in

106 Hyperpolarizing HCs stimulated inward feedback currents

107 Hyperpolarizing HCs with 2,3-dihydroxy-6-nitro-7-sulpham

108 Signaling at PII output synapses is hyperpolarizing in CA1 principal cells (PCs) but depolar

109 ses to the neurotransmitter GABA change from hyperpolarizing in intact neurons to depolarizing in inj

110 ated K+ channels (BKCa) provides an opposing hyperpolarizing influence reducing Ca2+ channel activity

111 at KCNQ2, KCNQ3 and KCNQ5 channels provide a hyperpolarizing influence to offset the previously descr

112 lcium ions to membrane potential, exerting a hyperpolarizing influence when activated.

113 establishing the Cl(-) gradient required for hyperpolarizing inhibition in the central nervous system

114 ar Cl(-) concentration that is essential for hyperpolarizing inhibition mediated by GABA(A) receptors

115 Hyperpolarizing inhibition mediated by type A GABA (GABA

116 arizing early in life to a more conventional hyperpolarizing inhibition on maturation.

117 mbrane and postripple silence is mediated by hyperpolarizing inhibition.

118 unting' inhibition) and membrane potential ('hyperpolarizing' inhibition).

119 ncy between depolarizing sodium currents and hyperpolarizing inhibitory currents.

120 ow intraneuronal Cl- levels required for the hyperpolarizing inhibitory postsynaptic potentials media

121 al neurons display differential responses to hyperpolarizing inhibitory stimuli that favors a higher

122 a somatic action potential upon release from hyperpolarizing injections in the soma or main apical de

123 ll receives parallel ON-depolarizing and OFF-hyperpolarizing inputs from short (S)-wavelength sensiti

124 cisely transmits stimulation intensity, even hyperpolarizing inputs.

125 d sodium channels (Nav) from inactivation by hyperpolarizing interspike potentials during repetitive

126 Opening of these channels facilitates a hyperpolarizing K(+) efflux across the plasma membrane t

127 n BKCa-Cav complexes, the time course of the hyperpolarizing K(+)-current response is dictated by the

128 Specifically, reversibly hyperpolarizing LG or Int1, but no other gastric mill ne

129 This hyperpolarizing light-gated channel, HyLighter, is turne

130 gically oriented dDNP studies have relied on hyperpolarizing long-lived nuclear spin species such as

131 id release, indicating the presence of other hyperpolarizing mechanisms.

132 neurons; thus KCC2 activity is critical for hyperpolarizing membrane currents generated upon the act

133 stent spiking; this firing mode was reset by hyperpolarizing membrane potential steps.

134 Due to the ability to restore Na(+) current, hyperpolarizing membrane voltage fluctuations mediated b

135 PASMCs recapitulates the FHR PAH phenotype, hyperpolarizing mitochondria, decreasing H(2)O(2), and i

136 rol, total membrane current was net outward (hyperpolarizing) near -70 mV so that cells had a stable

137 fying current that suggests a sensitivity to hyperpolarizing negative potentials and that depolarized

138 ods lacking light-responsive outer segments, hyperpolarizing neighboring HCs with light caused a nega

139 vity decay through simulated depolarizing or hyperpolarizing network stimulation.

140 ffect by shunting excitatory currents and by hyperpolarizing neurons.

141 The developmental shift from depolarizing to hyperpolarizing occurred later in the dendrites than in

142 on the level of maturation (depolarizing vs. hyperpolarizing) of postsynaptic GABAA receptor actions.

143 The biased expression of Vsx1 and Irx5 in hyperpolarizing OFF compared with depolarizing ON bipola

144 suggested that there are four types of cone hyperpolarizing (OFF) bipolar cells (HBCs) in the mouse

145 he membrane potential using depolarizing and hyperpolarizing opsins; the ability to induce prolonged

146 By contrast, hyperpolarizing or abolishing spike activity in single n

147 ivation, they more frequently responded with hyperpolarizing or biphasic responses.

148 Tonic injection of hyperpolarizing or depolarizing current dramatically alt

149 versal potential for glycine (E(gly)) can be hyperpolarizing or depolarizing in cartwheel cells, and

150 f gamma-aminobutyric acid neurotransmission (hyperpolarizing or depolarizing) depends on the local in

151 librium potential, thus favoring robust GABA hyperpolarizing or inhibitory responses.

152 e well described switch from depolarizing to hyperpolarizing over the same age range.

153 ctrical threshold and increased responses to hyperpolarizing (P < 0.00007) and depolarizing currents

154 light signaling pathways in the same cell-a hyperpolarizing pathway maximally sensitive to blue ligh

155 induced by hypoxia and hypercapnia; however, hyperpolarizing pFL neurons attenuated active expiration

156 Hyperpolarizing pFL neurons had no effect on breathing a

157 In contrast, hyperpolarizing pFV neurons affected breathing at rest b

158 aveform having a relatively long and shallow hyperpolarizing phase followed by a depolarizing phase o

159 The hyperpolarizing phase removes a small degree of the rest

160 ified distinct roles of the depolarizing and hyperpolarizing phases of tACS in entrainment, which ent

161 Strikingly, hyperpolarizing posterior or ventral cells induces the p

162 The magnitude of the after-hyperpolarizing potential (AHP) following a train of spi

163 We found that both the after-hyperpolarizing potential magnitude and the underlying a

164 They are, however, activated by hyperpolarizing potentials and are permeable to cations.

165 PSs just ahead of SLE were associated with hyperpolarizing potentials coupled with a complete block

166 nverted the repulsion to attraction, whereas hyperpolarizing potentials had no effect.

167 and muscarinic ACh receptor (mAChR)-mediated hyperpolarizing potentials in AC L5B corticocallosal neu

168 However, in contrast to the mAChR-mediated hyperpolarizing potentials in corticocallosal neurons, A

169 Hyperpolarizing potentials increased and depolarizing po

170 Increases in macroscopic currents at hyperpolarizing potentials results from a voltage-depend

171 1.3-R990H channels conduct omega-currents at hyperpolarizing potentials, but not upon membrane depola

172 U591 exhibits voltage-dependent knock-off at hyperpolarizing potentials, suggesting that the binding

173 voltage sensitivity with greater activity at hyperpolarizing potentials.

174 Hyperpolarizing preBotC neurons decreased inspiratory ac

175 when inspiratory activity was suppressed by hyperpolarizing preBotC neurons.

176 With mildly depolarizing or hyperpolarizing pulses just above threshold potentials,

177 ould also be elicited by single depolarizing/hyperpolarizing pulses of very high field strength.

178 Current clamp analysis demonstrated that hyperpolarizing pulses to a membrane potential greater t

179 stepwise and gradually with depolarizing and hyperpolarizing pulses, respectively.

180 When action potentials were triggered by hyperpolarizing pulses, their amplitudes largely recover

181 ords show notable decays during large 100 ms hyperpolarizing pulses.

182 Such an epigenetic modification in GALR3, a hyperpolarizing receptor, might contribute to the dysreg

183 inhibit current spread in M/T dendrites via hyperpolarizing reciprocal dendrodendritic synapses.

184 n-alpha functionally and likely mediates the hyperpolarizing response.

185 eric KCC2 that lacked the unique ISO domain, hyperpolarizing responses to GABA were abolished.

186 ebrates, cones are known to give monophasic, hyperpolarizing responses to light flashes.

187 a luminance increment, e.g. depolarizing or hyperpolarizing responses.

188 originates from the activity of second-order hyperpolarizing retinal neurons.

189 It is shown here that hyperpolarizing reversal potentials of GABA(A)ergic post

190 ylic acid, 3.3-3.8 mM), to block activity of hyperpolarizing second- and all third-order retinal neur

191 n the pore module of Nav1.7 produces a large hyperpolarizing shift (-18 mV) in the voltage dependence

192 nstrate that this mutation, which produces a hyperpolarizing shift in activation and a depolarizing s

193 to +/-Bay K 8644, which caused a much larger hyperpolarizing shift in activation compared with its ef

194 In maternally separated stressed controls, a hyperpolarizing shift in E(GABA) was observed in both se

195 The hyperpolarizing shift in gating was attributed to decrea

196 Acrolein exposure induced a hyperpolarizing shift in INa, and acrolein-induced cell

197 The mutant channel also had a marked hyperpolarizing shift in its voltage dependence of inact

198 Developing CGNs undergo a hyperpolarizing shift in membrane potential, and depolar

199 ession studies showed that beta(3) induced a hyperpolarizing shift in Na(v)1.7 activation, whereas be

200 a significantly larger sialic acid-dependent hyperpolarizing shift in Nav1.5 gating.

201 Beta2 sialic acids caused a significant hyperpolarizing shift in Nav1.5 voltage-dependent gating

202 phosphorylated Kv2.1 channels and produced a hyperpolarizing shift in neuronal I(K).

203 Micromolar DA produces an immediate hyperpolarizing shift in PD I(A) voltage dependence of a

204 d sodium current (reduced spike height and a hyperpolarizing shift in postspike voltage) cause compen

205 mutations (A1236E and L1831X) resulted in a hyperpolarizing shift in steady-state fast inactivation.

206 recombinant T-currents was accompanied by a hyperpolarizing shift in steady-state inactivation, indi

207 in incomplete fast inactivation and a small hyperpolarizing shift in steady-state slow inactivation,

208 declusters with an accompanying 20- to 30-mV hyperpolarizing shift in the activation threshold.

209 cant decrease in the I(h) tail current and a hyperpolarizing shift in the activation, whereas upregul

210 persal of Kv2.1 clusters, with a concomitant hyperpolarizing shift in the channel's activation kineti

211 the apparent Ca(2+) sensitivity (marked by a hyperpolarizing shift in the conductance-voltage relatio

212 as reduced via acceleration of inactivation, hyperpolarizing shift in the half-inactivation potential

213 Increasing membrane cholesterol results in a hyperpolarizing shift in the peak voltage of the nonline

214 in the voltage dependence of activation or a hyperpolarizing shift in the steady-state inactivation c

215 Inhibition was associated with a hyperpolarizing shift in the steady-state inactivation p

216 ecrease in T-type current amplitude due to a hyperpolarizing shift in the steady-state inactivation.

217 in persistent sodium current (I(NaP)) and a hyperpolarizing shift in the voltage dependence of activ

218 Wild type CaM (CaM(WT)) caused a hyperpolarizing shift in the voltage dependence of activ

219 of RyRs in heterologous cells causes a rapid hyperpolarizing shift in the voltage dependence of activ

220 Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) induced a hyperpolarizing shift in the voltage dependence of both

221 binds to the pore-forming domain, causing a hyperpolarizing shift in the voltage dependence of chann

222 slowing of activation and deactivation and a hyperpolarizing shift in the voltage dependence of HCN2

223 currents and the "funny current" (If), and a hyperpolarizing shift in the voltage dependence of If.

224 Na(v)1.8, this compound causes a significant hyperpolarizing shift in the voltage dependence of inact

225 In HEK cells, leptin induced a significant hyperpolarizing shift in the voltage dependence of Kv2.1

226 in transient Na(+) current amplitude, and a hyperpolarizing shift in the voltage dependence of Nav c

227 P2, leads to a selective approximately 15-mV hyperpolarizing shift in the voltage dependence of stead

228 educed both I(NaP) and I(NaT) and produced a hyperpolarizing shift in the voltage dependence of stead

229 that the loss of iFGF14 results in a marked hyperpolarizing shift in the voltage dependence of stead

230 us cells, the L1302F mutation caused a large hyperpolarizing shift in the voltage-dependence of activ

231 t alter these gating properties except for a hyperpolarizing shift in the voltage-dependence of fast

232 We previously documented the hyperpolarizing shift in the voltage-dependent activatio

233 ular application of bromo-cAMP abolished the hyperpolarizing shift in the voltage-dependent activatio

234 ons of the contralateral mPFC, we observed a hyperpolarizing shift in the voltage-dependent activatio

235 panied by a relatively small but significant hyperpolarizing shift in the voltage-gated activation ki

236 Anesthetic inhibition of Ih involves a hyperpolarizing shift in voltage dependence of activatio

237 imilarly modulated gating of I(h), causing a hyperpolarizing shift in voltage dependence of channel a

238 s to prevent the runaway gating phenotype, a hyperpolarizing shift in voltage sensitivities and faste

239 ests as a potentiation of current amplitude, hyperpolarizing shift in voltage sensitivity, and slowin

240 with a loss of HCN1 surface expression and a hyperpolarizing shift in voltage-dependence of activatio

241 ed and dephosphorylated Kv2.1 and produced a hyperpolarizing shift in voltage-dependent activation of

242 g membrane docosahexaenoic acid results in a hyperpolarizing shift in Vpkc that is accompanied by an

243 We found a hyperpolarizing shift of activation midpoint by 8.4 mV,

244 erited erythromelalgia) causes a substantial hyperpolarizing shift of channel activation.

245 g shift of voltage-dependent activation or a hyperpolarizing shift of channel availability (steady-st

246 arized the membrane potential and produced a hyperpolarizing shift of tetrodotoxin-sensitive persiste

247 either decreased amplitudes or an additional hyperpolarizing shift of the inactivation curve.

248 n of KCNQ2/Q3 channels was associated with a hyperpolarizing shift of the voltage dependence of chann

249 allotoxin (MTX), which produces a very large hyperpolarizing shift of the voltage gating of heterolog

250 unction (gain-and loss-of-function) due to a hyperpolarizing shift of voltage-dependent activation co

251 t patients or only gain-of-function effects (hyperpolarizing shift of voltage-dependent activation, i

252 Dephosphorylation resulted in a 25-mV hyperpolarizing shift, whereas actin depolymerization di

253 0% robotic), and enhances slow inactivation (hyperpolarizing shift--15 mV by human,--13 mV robotic).

254 5574 (3 microM) produced comparatively small hyperpolarizing shifts (up to 11 mV) in the voltage-depe

255 Intracellular application of CaM caused hyperpolarizing shifts equivalent to those seen with CaM

256 e in postsynaptic excitability was traced to hyperpolarizing shifts in both the half-inactivation and

257 entials (-65 versus -100 mV) as evidenced by hyperpolarizing shifts in channel availability curves an

258 from synaptically connected rods and caused hyperpolarizing shifts in I(Ca) voltage dependence.

259 inherited erythromelalgia and the extent of hyperpolarizing shifts in mutant Na(V)1.7 channel activa

260 of these positions, we observed significant hyperpolarizing shifts in the voltage dependence.

261 Strikingly, TEH1 caused hyperpolarizing shifts in the voltage-dependence of acti

262 f Kv2.1, dispersion of channel clusters, and hyperpolarizing shifts in the voltage-dependent gating p

263 horylation of neuronal Kv2.1 channels yields hyperpolarizing shifts in their voltage-dependent activa

264 phorylation, loss of channel clustering, and hyperpolarizing shifts in voltage-dependent activation t

265 hosphorylation by calcineurin induces graded hyperpolarizing shifts in voltage-dependent activation,

266 mmHg produced increases in current and large hyperpolarizing shifts of voltage dependence with graded

267 Under global control of de- and hyperpolarizing slow oscillations (SOs), sleep spindles

268 When IPSPs replace the hyperpolarizing step in the induction protocol, potentia

269 Ambystoma tigrinum cones and rods evoked by hyperpolarizing steps applied to synaptically coupled HC

270 g 500 ms, 100 Hz trains of Purkinje IPSPs or hyperpolarizing steps.

271 and the dynamics of rebound firing following hyperpolarizing stimuli in an estrous cycle-dependent ma

272 We also observed that the time between the hyperpolarizing stimulus and the first channel opening,

273 tivity is an essential prerequisite for fast hyperpolarizing synaptic inhibition mediated by type A g

274 e cotransporter KCC2 plays a crucial role in hyperpolarizing synaptic inhibition.

275 Using recently developed neuronal hyperpolarizing technologies, we functionally dissect th

276 al pacing might be improved significantly by hyperpolarizing the action potential (AP) threshold via

277 1 cells by increasing the K(ATP) current and hyperpolarizing the beta-cell membrane.

278 imately the opening of K(ATP) channels, thus hyperpolarizing the membrane and decreasing GBSM activit

279 tivates I(BK), which terminates the burst by hyperpolarizing the membrane.

280 mycin: low concentrations mimic nigericin by hyperpolarizing the mitochondria while slowly depolarizi

281 zing phase of afferent synaptic waveforms by hyperpolarizing the resting membrane potential.

282 reduces intracellular Cl(-) levels in RGCs, hyperpolarizing the resting membrane potential.

283 Hyperpolarizing the supplementary motor complex using tr

284 rizing to -16 +/- 2 mV after amiloride, then hyperpolarizing to -34 +/- 3 mV after low Cl(-).

285 g seizure activity transiently switched from hyperpolarizing to depolarizing and excitatory.

286 ells invert the sign of light responses from hyperpolarizing to depolarizing before passing them on t

287 f the effect of TRPV1 on ganglion cells from hyperpolarizing to depolarizing, which was also transien

288 ll through the receptive field surround, but hyperpolarizing to stimuli that move centripetally towar

289 that provide unprecedented fast and powerful hyperpolarizing tools for optogenetics.

290 Many depolarizing and hyperpolarizing tools have now been developed in multipl

291 operties of GABA transform into their mature hyperpolarizing type due to developmental changes in int

292 K(0.5) for l-Arg that increased from 5 mm at hyperpolarizing V(m) to 20 mm at +40 mV.

293 ry, reducing the spontaneous firing rate and hyperpolarizing vGluT2 neurons.

294 The channels are activated by hyperpolarizing voltage but are also receptors for the i

295 Hyperpolarizing voltage step pulses from -40 to -130 mV

296 I(h) induced by hyperpolarizing voltage steps was completely blocked by

297 These channels are activated by hyperpolarizing voltage, and the second messenger cAMP c

298 oderate compared to channels preactivated by hyperpolarizing voltage.

299 HCN channels open in response to hyperpolarizing voltages, and the binding of cAMP to the

300 cystathionine gamma-lyase (CSE) and acts by hyperpolarizing VSM.