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2 onger Th2 responses following the additional i.n. administration of CT compared to i.n. or i.m. gB DN
4 f Y. pestis in mice when it was administered i.n. but actually reduced the 50% lethal dose (LD(50)) b
6 g rNV VLPs are immunogenic when administered i.n. in the absence of adjuvant, and addition of adjuvan
9 tion of antigen-specific B and T cells after i.n. immunization, antibody-secreting cells and antigen-
10 found especially in central CLN 2 days after i.n. immunization and persisted for up to 6 months, wher
13 presence of bacteria in blood 1 to 3 h after i.n. inoculation was sometimes observed, this was infreq
14 prolonged the survival of treated mice after i.n. F. tularensis challenge relative to mock treated an
15 a mucosal IgA immune response in mice after i.n. immunization supports their use as subunit vaccine
21 ter p.o. immunization was greater than after i.n. administration (means, 6.0 and 1.02 ng/ml, respecti
23 testinal and systemic lymphoid tissues after i.n. inoculation with two or three doses of 2/6-VLPs wit
31 t with anti-CD3epsilon-specific antibody and i.n. proinsulin peptide can reverse recent-onset diabete
34 th of time between influenza A infection and i.n. exposure to OVA was crucial, because mice exposed t
37 d a greater IgG Ab response in both i.p. and i.n. immunized mice and a greater IgA Ab response in muc
45 ificantly elevated compared with controls by i.n. delivery of 100 microgram sIL-4R; i.p. delivery of
46 ite neutralizing antibody can be elicited by i.n. immunization with a flagellin-modified P. falciparu
53 low volume and was completely preventable by i.n. vaccination of an attenuated virus at a low dose an
54 cosal immune responses, lung DC targeting by i.n. immunization induced protective immunity against en
55 1 h before or after Schu 4 or LVS (100 CFU) i.n. challenge showed that poly(I:C) treatment significa
56 the last immunization, mice were challenged i.n. with 10(4) inclusion-forming units (IFU) of C. muri
57 the last immunization, mice were challenged i.n. with 10(4) inclusion-forming units (IFU) of the C.
59 ory sequence oligodeoxynucleotide conjugate, i.n. and i.d. IT delivery were similarly effective in mo
63 portantly, mice immunized with LVS DeltacapB i.n. or i.d. and then challenged 6 weeks later by aeroso
65 duced higher titers (1.63 +/- 0.25) than did i.n. immunization with NYVAC-HF (0.88 +/- 0.36; n = 9) a
66 ansmission, was modeled accurately by direct i.n. inoculation of Sendai virus at a low dose and low v
67 at received two immunizations with low doses i.n. (10 or 25 microg) of rNV VLPs and the majority of m
68 was aspirated into the lungs of mice during i.n. immunization and resulted in an acute inflammatory
69 tide conjugate proved to be a more effective i.n. IT reagent for protecting allergic mice from airway
70 .1-100 microgram) was administered by either i.n. or i.p. routes before OVA challenge in OVA-sensitiz
78 s colonization and caries activity following i.n. immunization with GLU or Thio-GLU are attributed to
81 t enhanced morbidity and mortality following i.n. MHV-1 infection compared to wild-type C3H/HeN mice.
82 ivated in the cervical lymph nodes following i.n. inoculation and then differentiated into Th17 cells
90 we identified an attenuated and immunogenic i.n. vaccine candidate expressing GP from the pre-N posi
91 levels of IgG2a were four- sixfold higher in i.n.-immunized mice than in any of the other groups.
96 unogenic in gnotobiotic pigs when inoculated i.n. and that the adjuvant mLT enhanced their immunogeni
106 ith wild-type C57BL/6 mice after intranasal (i.n.) and intravenous (i.v.) infection with live C. neof
107 les virus (MV) replication after intranasal (i.n.) challenge, this model can be used to assess the ef
108 rts of GI T cell responses after intranasal (i.n.) delivery of antigens that do not directly target t
109 body responses are induced after intranasal (i.n.) immunization of rHagB and if monophosphoryl lipid
110 rotection (80% survival) against intranasal (i.n.) challenge with ~240 median lethal doses (LD50) (2.
111 ignificant protection against an intranasal (i.n.) challenge as determined by the change in body weig
116 both intraperitoneal (i.p.) and intranasal (i.n.) inoculation, M33 was attenuated for infection of t
117 ce sensitized to OVA by i.p. and intranasal (i.n.) routes are challenged with the allergen by i.n. ad
119 vaccination protocol followed by intranasal (i.n.) challenge of C57BL/6 mice with an equal number of
120 s type 1 (HIV-1) isolate 89.6 by intranasal (i.n.) immunization of mice with gp120 and gp140 together
122 nicity induced in BALB/c mice by intranasal (i.n.) inoculation of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (E
124 Here, we found that following intranasal (i.n.) challenge, titers of virus in the lungs of the imm
125 the adult mouse model following intranasal (i.n.) immunization with fragments of VP6 and a subsequen
127 he lungs of WT animals following intranasal (i.n.) virus inoculation, while STAT1-/- mice developed a
128 al pneumonia, we show that local intranasal (i.n.) or systemic subcutaneous (s.c.) administration of
129 employed: intramuscular (i.m.), intranasal (i.n.) at a low dose and low volume, and i.n. at a high d
130 Following intramuscular (i.m.), intranasal (i.n.), or intravaginal (IVAG) immunization with VEE/SIN-
133 known concerning the efficacy of intranasal (i.n. ) administration of these antigens in inducing prot
135 we investigated the efficacy of intranasal (i.n.) conjugate vaccine delivery using interleukin-12 (I
136 The protective potential of intranasal (i.n.) immunization with this chimeric immunogen was comp
137 s investigated following oral or intranasal (i.n.) administration of an aqueous adjuvant formulation
138 halitis following i.c., s.c., or intranasal (i.n.) challenge with the virulent VEEV ZPC738 strain (ZP
139 against an intradermal (i.d.) or intranasal (i.n.) challenge with vaccinia virus (vSC8) or a recombin
141 sponses in milk, while MVA prime/intranasal (i.n.) boost induced robust milk Env-specific IgA respons
142 vious study we demonstrated that intranasal (i.n.) vaccination promotes a Th17 biased immune response
143 ministered rLaSota/gp160 via the intranasal (i.n.) or intramuscular (i.m.) route in different prime-b
144 ministered to BALB/c mice by the intranasal (i.n.) route to evaluate the induction of mucosal antibod
145 vant, mice were immunized by the intranasal (i.n.) route with antigen alone or in conjunction with Fl
146 effect of immunizing mice by the intranasal (i.n.) route with Salmonella expressing an insoluble prot
147 ALB/c mice were immunized by the intranasal (i.n.) route with the surface protein adhesin AgI/II of S
148 Adult CD-1 mice infected by the intranasal (i.n.) route, showed that VEEV and WEEV enter the brain t
153 rotavirus (HRV), followed by two intranasal (i.n.) doses of a rotavirus-like particle (2/6-VLPs) vacc
157 vaccination routes compared were intranasal (i.n.) and intradermal (i.d.) inoculation of the Francise
160 ed CS constructs, administered intranasally (i.n.) or subcutaneously (s.c.), developed similar levels
162 nea pigs (gps) were challenged intranasally (i.n.) or intraperitoneally (i.p.) with 10,000 times the
163 ) lumen of a cohort challenged intranasally (i.n.) with S. pneumoniae type 6A, which is predominantly
164 cles (PorB VRP) were delivered intranasally (i.n.) or subcutaneously (s.c.) into the dorsal area or t
165 o Fcgamma receptors (FcgammaR) intranasally (i.n.) enhances immunogenicity and protection against int
166 binant priming delivered first intranasally (i.n.) plus orally and then intratracheally (i.t.), follo
167 When used as a vaccine given intranasally (i.n.), INA-inactivated influenza virus induced immune re
169 ve control group was immunized intranasally (i.n.) with 10(4) inclusion-forming units (IFU) of C. tra
170 BALB/c mice were immunized intranasally (i.n.) with gB DNA or DNA expressing beta-galactosidase (
171 nd C57BL/6 mice were immunized intranasally (i.n.) with peptides corresponding to a known CTL epitope
172 c lung response was similar in intranasally (i.n.) sensitized IL-10-/- and wild-type mice from a diff
174 ested by infecting BALB/c mice intranasally (i.n.) with S. pneumoniae after i.n. administration of IL
175 zed intravaginally (i.vag.) or intranasally (i.n.) with a bacterial protein antigen (AgI/II of Strept
176 fected intradermally (i.d.) or intranasally (i.n.) with LVS succumbed to infection with doses 2 log u
179 ministered to gnotobiotic pigs intranasally (i.n.) with a mutant Escherichia coli heat-labile toxin,
180 a virus infection to show that intranasally (i.n.) primed memory CD8+ T cells possess a unique abilit
181 nfected intravaginally (i.v.), intranasally (i.n.), orally (p.o.), or subcutaneously (s.c.) with C. t
182 antibody that were vaccinated intranasally (i.n.) developed lower neutralizing titers, with NYVAC-HF
185 econdary challenge but not high doses of LVS i.n. challenge, independently of the route of vaccinatio
186 4 or 8 weeks later with a lethal dose of LVS i.n., they were 100% protected from illness and death an
187 nt than protein boosting by either the i.m., i.n., or t.c. route, suggesting that this route may be p
191 la tularensis (iFT) organisms to FcR in mice i.n., with MAb-iFT immune complexes, enhances F. tularen
192 Ure (25 microg p.o. or rectally or 10 microg i.n.) plus heat-labile toxin from Escherichia coli as th
193 mol, i.n.) prevented iron-induced (4.2 nmol, i.n.) oxidative stress and nigral injury, reflected by a
194 usion of freshly prepared GSNO (0-16.8 nmol, i.n.) prevented iron-induced (4.2 nmol, i.n.) oxidative
195 n vitro, T cells from the superficial CLN of i.n. immunized mice secreted both gamma interferon and i
196 In this study, we examined the effects of i.n. IL-12 treatment on induction of protective humoral
198 differentiation of mass spectral profiles of i.n.-inoculated mouse lung tissues from those of i.d.-in
199 resulting in the preferential recruitment of i.n.-primed memory CD8+ T cells to the lung airways.
201 Our studies demonstrate the superiority of i.n. versus i.m. vaccination in protection against both
202 ype 3 pneumococci, there was 75% survival of i.n. vaccinated mice compared to 0% survival of unvaccin
204 of priming (intraperitoneal) followed by one i.n. challenge we found that IL-10-/- C57BL/6 mice had h
205 parable T cell responses in the spleen, only i.n. delivery elicited specific T cell responses in the
206 profiles in Th2-sensitized mice, while only i.n. IT had significant immunomodulatory activity on B a
209 tears and serum of guinea pigs after o.g. or i.n. immunization, the i.n. route elicited significantly
211 CRs vaccinated with Ad5.RSV-F given i.m. or i.n., and these responses correlated with reduced replic
212 In animal models of type 1 diabetes, oral or i.n. immunization with islet antigens induces Tregs that
213 onorrhoeae recombinant porin B (Ng-rPorB) or i.n. with Eagle's minimal essential medium (MEM-0).
215 en administered at higher doses by the oral, i.n., and i.p. routes than the wild-type strain even tho
217 tide inhibitor of PAR2 signalling, pepducin, i.n. before allergen challenges and then assessed AHR an
218 ungs was consistently detected by day 6 post-i.n. challenge for the immunized mice and by day 14 for
220 mals previously immunized with the MVA prime/i.n. boost regimen received an i.n./i.m. combined C.1086
221 o 10-fold-higher doses of NOMV were required i.n. compared to i.p. to elicit an equivalent bactericid
228 tended these studies to compare the standard i.n./i.t. regimen with additional mucosal administration
231 o elicit mucosal antibody responses and that i.n. immunization resulted in increased total, immunoglo
232 Collectively, the results demonstrate that i.n. vaccination with KKF24 induces a vigorous Th1-type
236 l and immunohistochemical findings show that i.n.-infected gps display enhanced lung pathology and EB
237 estigations may be the first to suggest that i.n. IT is more effective than i.d. IT for the treatment
247 ce given AgI/II with LT-IIa or LT-IIb by the i.n. route had significantly higher mucosal and systemic
248 B7-1, B7-2, and B7-1/2 knockout mice by the i.n. route revealed that the ability of FljB to increase
250 .v. 70 days later, animals preexposed by the i.n. route were highly resistant to reinfection, with gr
252 ctivity was highest in mice immunized by the i.n. route with antigen formulations containing MPL-AF (
253 unized three times (2-week intervals) by the i.n. route with HagB (20 microg) alone or with MPL (25 m
255 ea pigs after o.g. or i.n. immunization, the i.n. route elicited significantly higher antibody titers
257 urvival was also significantly better in the i.n.-parenteral group (3 of 9) than in the other HF-vacc
259 sease, we found similar results by using the i.n. and intraperitoneal (i.p.) routes of inoculation fo
265 doses of attenuated Wa HRV (AttHRV3x), three i.n. doses of 2/6-VLPs plus mLT (VLP3x), three i.n. dose
266 n. doses of 2/6-VLPs plus mLT (VLP3x), three i.n. doses of purified double-layered inactivated Wa HRV
268 to OVA was crucial, because mice exposed to i.n. OVA 15-30 days after viral inoculation developed ne
269 A abrogated tolerance induced by exposure to i.n. OVA, and instead led to the development of AHR acco
271 t that infant ferrets are less responsive to i.n. vaccination than are older ferrets and raises quest
273 wing aerosol challenge with M. tuberculosis, i.n. boosting of BCG with either BCG or M.85A afforded u
274 For the second regimen (VLP2x/AttHRV), two i.n. doses of 2/6-VLPs+mLT were given, followed by one o
277 n vaccinated mice challenged with ZPC738 via i.n. or i.c. route, we regularly detected high levels of
284 n G (IgG) and Fab cleared the infection with i.n. 50% effective doses (ED(50)s) of 16 and 90 pmol, re
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