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6 We assessed the effect of endogenous GABA on ictal activity and neuronal firing rate in hippocampal s
8 These findings indicate that interictal and ictal activity can originate in the same neural network,
9 tential frequency (P23) and the age at which ictal activity could be induced by elevated potassium (P
10 by ICE, scalp EEG demonstrated no concurrent ictal activity in six, nonictal-appearing rhythmic delta
11 iode (LED), on the frequency and duration of ictal activity in the presence and absence of RuBi-GABA.
12 very characteristic pattern of evolution of ictal activity in the zero magnesium (0 Mg2+) model of e
16 propensity of the developing hippocampus for ictal activity is highly correlated with the effect of G
17 izures that (1) progression from preictal to ictal activity was characterized in seizure-onset zones
18 tion between the fraction of slices in which ictal activity was induced by elevated potassium concent
31 sults indicate that AGS in GEPRs induce post-ictal analgesia, which is the first observation of this
33 reoperative seizures, neuroimaging findings, ictal and interictal ECoG measures were preoperatively o
34 the full regression model incorporating both ictal and interictal measures [R(2) 0.44; Area under the
38 lpropyleneamine Oxime (Tc-99 m HMPAO) during ictal and interictal state confirmed by video-electroenc
40 , and whether discrete interictal, preictal, ictal and post-ictal physiologies exist, or blend togeth
43 ernative stable attractors, representing the ictal and postictal states, emulate the observed dynamic
45 -containing saline result mainly in neuronal ictal- and interictal-like epileptiform activity, respec
47 patterns of (post)ictal cardiac arrhythmias: ictal asystole (103 cases), postictal asystole (13 cases
48 le, we observed 76 clinical seizures with 26 ictal asystole episodes, 15 of which led to syncope.
56 stictal AV-conduction block (2 cases), (post)ictal atrial flutter/atrial fibrillation (14 cases) and
57 le (13 cases), ictal bradycardia (25 cases), ictal atrioventricular (AV)-conduction block (11 cases),
58 eluded recognition because emetic and other ictal autonomic manifestations were dismissed as non-epi
59 cortex, these short EEEs were accompanied by ictal behaviour detectable with simultaneous surface ele
60 tiform electrocorticography and simultaneous ictal behaviour, and examined post-traumatic epilepsy in
61 ity that undetected ischemic hypoxia, due to ictal blood flow restriction, could contribute to neurod
63 (103 cases), postictal asystole (13 cases), ictal bradycardia (25 cases), ictal atrioventricular (AV
65 sting heart-rate variability and episodes of ictal bradycardia associated with the tonic phases of ge
67 monitoring, brain MR imaging, interictal and ictal brain perfusion SPECT, SISCOM, and (18)F-FDG PET w
68 The most challenging technical problem in ictal brain SPECT for localization of an epileptogenic f
69 (99m)Tc-ethylcysteinate dimer ((99m)Tc-ECD) ictal brain SPECT studies were retrospectively analyzed
70 y smaller in the reduced model incorporating ictal but not interictal measures (R(2) 0.40; Area under
71 inical characteristics of patients with peri-ictal cardiac abnormalities are closely similar to those
73 identified seven distinct patterns of (post)ictal cardiac arrhythmias: ictal asystole (103 cases), p
74 ective was to demonstrate common patterns of ictal cerebral blood flow changes in a group of patients
76 oncordance (4/13; 31%) = 9/13; 69%] and late ictal [concordant plus (1/9; 11%) + some concordance (4/
84 s of stimulus-induced rhythmic, periodic, or ictal discharges (SIRPIDs) sometimes found on prolonged
85 d find a feed-forward propagation pathway of ictal discharges from the dentate gyrus/hilus (DGH) to t
86 types reduced the frequency and duration of ictal discharges in some trials, while completely blocki
87 guinea pig brain during focal interictal and ictal discharges induced in the limbic network by intrac
88 n an intensive care unit setting, can detect ictal discharges not readily apparent on scalp EEG, and
90 period of silence ranging from 67 to 135 s, ictal discharges were re-established with similar durati
92 type significantly reduced the occurrence of ictal discharges, principal cell stimulation resulted in
98 eictal depolarization, with no effect on the ictal duration, whereas SLEs were blocked by glutamate r
103 low wave component of the GEPR9 epileptiform ictal EEG pattern is associated with a midbrain-forebrai
104 % CI = 1.12-2.69), generalized/non-localized ictal EEG patterns (RR = 1.83, 95% CI = 1.15-2.87), occu
107 study investigates the temporal dynamics of ictal electrical activity induced by injection of the GA
108 ho had intractable partial epilepsy based on ictal electro-clinico-anatomical features were screened.
110 n of a seizure origin through an analysis of ictal electroencephalogram (EEG), which is proven to be
112 owed atypical handedness, a left perisylvian ictal electroencephalographic focus, and a lesion in lef
113 erential spectral and spatial shifts of post-ictal electroencephalography activity in simple partial,
114 ad unilateral temporal seizure foci based on ictal electroencephalography and structural magnetic res
116 tor 1) fast hemodynamic changes during inter-ictal epileptic seizures and 2) temperature variations d
119 mens, where the occurrence of interictal and ictal epileptiform activity was confirmed by either ster
121 e concordance (4/20; 20%) = 17/20; 85%] than ictal-established [entirely concordant/concordant plus (
126 We discovered a novel phenomenon, in which ictal events are preceded by preictal vasoconstriction o
128 g of blood vessel diameter in a rat model of ictal events elicited with focal injection of 4-aminopyr
129 ctured temporal sequences during spontaneous ictal events in hippocampal and neocortical circuits in
130 e generation and propagation of seizure-like ictal events is accurately analyzed by a combination of
133 ghly stereotypical sequential pattern during ictal events, and that these stereotypical patterns were
134 oride loading by itself did not trigger full ictal events, even with additional electrical stimulatio
135 view that principal cell discharges dominate ictal events, the ictal sequences were predominantly com
139 Pv interneurons at the focus failed to block ictal generation and induced postinhibitory rebound spik
143 dily identified, to investigate the basis of ictal high frequency activity at the cortical (subdural)
144 t measure to detect delayed-onset, sustained ictal high frequency oscillations based on cross-frequen
145 eural mechanism for delayed-onset, sustained ictal high frequency oscillations, and provide a practic
153 t to determine the incidence and severity of ictal hypoxemia in patients with localization-related ep
157 to demonstrate the improved success rate of ictal injection by use of the automatic injector in the
158 o not meet seizure criteria, also termed the ictal interictal continuum, are pervasive on electroence
159 sistently predicted the timing or failure of ictal invasion, and revealed a surprisingly small and sl
160 mic hamartomas present with isolated fits of ictal laughter (gelastic epilepsy) or a combination of g
161 ery of the mean firing rate was close to pre-ictal levels also within this time frame, suggesting tha
163 mulative duration of 4-aminopyridine-induced ictal-like activities, with a slower time course in epil
165 ulation activity characteristic of seizures (ictal-like activity) was recorded in juvenile rat hippoc
166 experimental model, the onset and offset of ictal-like discharges are well-defined mathematical even
168 As an experimental model system, we used ictal-like discharges induced in vitro in mouse hippocam
170 ons included transient discharges leading to ictal-like field events with frequency spectra as in vit
173 s induces persistent prolonged synchronized (ictal-like) discharges in CA3 that are associated with t
174 , and that the transition from interictal to ictal-like-sustained activity is preceded by predictable
175 stic link between Ca(V)1.1 mutations and the ictal loss of muscle excitability during an attack of we
176 duced model incorporating interictal but not ictal measures (R(2) 0.27; Area under the ROC curve: 0.7
177 nts' MRI scans using automated software, and ictal minus interictal subtraction images were obtained.
179 the role of cortical-subcortical networks in ictal neocortical dysfunction and may reveal treatments
186 ng connectivity was demonstrated between the ictal onset zone and hyperperfused regions, while connec
188 ree outcome given strict localization of the ictal onset zone to the lateral temporal region, highlig
190 ses on several methods used to identify this ictal onset zone, with emphasis on the impact each modal
196 was significantly better (P < 0.05) for the ictal-onset phase [entirely concordant/concordant plus (
197 ases that underwent invasive evaluation, the ictal-onset phase-related maps had a degree of concordan
199 trographic seizure onset) and ictal phases, 'ictal-onset'; 'ictalestablished' and 'late ictal', were
201 ses in ETCO2, supporting the assumption that ictal oxygen desaturation is a consequence of hypoventil
205 The aim of this study was to verify whether ictal perfusion changes, both hyper- and hypoperfusion,
208 n, cerebral blood flow increases in the post-ictal period and cerebral blood flow decreases during or
211 ripple rates and (2) ripple rates during the ictal period were higher compared with fast ripple rates
212 ination of ictal discharges, during the post-ictal period, loss of consciousness, decreased responsiv
216 stically significant increased value for the ictal periods and that the epileptic focus can be locate
217 using statistical parametric mapping to map ictal phase-related haemodynamic changes consistent acro
219 ceding the electrographic seizure onset) and ictal phases, 'ictal-onset'; 'ictalestablished' and 'lat
220 iscrete interictal, preictal, ictal and post-ictal physiologies exist, or blend together in a continu
221 al wavefront acts as the forcing term of the ictal process, while the macroscopic, centimeter-sized n
223 interneurons distant from the focus blocked ictal propagation and shortened ictal duration at the fo
224 tal duration was a direct consequence of the ictal propagation block, probably by preventing newly ge
228 ephalography (EEG) and video monitoring with ictal recording, magnetic resonance imaging, single-phot
231 phase-locked to the low-frequency (1-25 Hz) ictal rhythm, correlated with strong multi-unit firing b
236 the following point assignments: (1) brief (ictal) rhythmic discharges (B[I]RDs) (2 points); (2) pre
238 of epilepsy have been encouraged to perform ictal scanning or interictal and postictal SPECT studies
240 rons can significantly inhibit the spread of ictal seizures and largely rescue behavioural deficits i
241 es indicate the potentially valuable role of ictal semiology in localizing the source of epileptiform
243 l cell discharges dominate ictal events, the ictal sequences were predominantly composed of fast-spik
244 arison with the findings of invasive EEG and ictal single-photon emission computed tomography, using
245 lly generated EEEs that occurred in the same ictal sites as obvious complex partial seizures, were el
246 al features and spatial distribution of post-ictal slow waves with comprehensive spatial coverage.
249 that administers an automated injection for ictal SPECT after calculating the volume of tracer to be
250 ralizing uptake in subcortical structures on ictal SPECT and postsurgical outcome in intractable epil
253 , interictal SPECT, ictal SPECT, subtraction ictal SPECT coregistered to MR imaging (SISCOM), and int
255 However, cerebral blood flow increases on ictal SPECT correctly identified the hemisphere (left ve
260 t, with appropriate cautious interpretation, ictal SPECT in secondarily generalized seizures can help
263 raphy (EEG) monitoring, MRI, and one or more ictal SPECT scans as well as an interictal SPECT scan.
264 re-generalization and generalization phases, ictal SPECT showed significantly more regions of cerebra
265 or thalamic activation has been reported in ictal SPECT studies of patients with intractable epileps
268 come was not observed in patients with false ictal SPECT subcortical lateralization; however, the pre
272 single photon emission computed tomography (ictal SPECT), providing a useful clinical tool for seizu
274 y (EEG), brain MR imaging, interictal SPECT, ictal SPECT, subtraction ictal SPECT coregistered to MR
275 of cerebral blood flow increase was seen on ictal SPECT, this was the correct localization 80% of th
279 me, suggesting that the more protracted post-ictal state cannot be explained by persistent cellular n
280 ase in tracer uptake was observed during the ictal state in the medial temporal region, cerebellum, t
283 granule cell hyperinhibition extended to the ictal state; granule cells did not discharge synchronous
284 urther compromised during the period of post-ictal suppression, during interictal bursts, and also at
285 me in the surround are consistent with early ictal surround inhibition as a precipitating event in se
286 ovascular and neurometabolic coupling in the ictal surround using optical imaging of light scattering
289 emaker should be considered in patients with ictal syncope if they are not considered good candidates
294 we aimed to investigate state specific (i.e. ictal versus interictal) perfusional limbic networks in
296 , this correlation effect is specific to the ictal wavefront and is absent interictally or from actio
298 as well as shaping the evolving propagating ictal wavefront, although the exact mechanism of these c
299 gradient in modulating the susceptibility to ictal weakness and establishes bumetanide as a potential
300 'ictal-onset'; 'ictalestablished' and 'late ictal', were defined based on the evolution of the elect
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