ライフサイエンスコーパス: in concert

1 perative indicating that both protomers move in concert.

2 opmental experience have rarely been studied in concert.

3 s, endothelial cells, and podocytes, working in concert.

4 e genetic and environmental factors that act in concert.

5 s of multiple actin-binding proteins working in concert.

6 ted Hf6 node and the Fe-porphyrin strut work in concert.

7 uld allow the affinity molecules to function in concert.

8 segments containing Asn/Gln residues may act in concert along a replicative interface to promote prio

9 ous system and cardiovascular system develop in concert and are functionally interconnected in both h

10 We show that BIRD proteins act in concert and not in opposition.

11 s require the use of multiple software tools in concert and remain challenging for much of the biomed

12 A model where two Tom40 pores act in concert as a dimeric protein complex best accounts fo

13 fic chaperones (termed TBCA-E) that function in concert as a nanomachine required for the de novo ass

14 t thus appears that platelets not only serve in concert as building blocks of the hemostatic plug but

15 ctor 1 (CIF1), and aurora B kinase that acts in concert at the new FAZ tip to regulate cytokinesis in

16 ot only involved multiple techniques working in concert but also illustrated a unique way in which hi

17 ral, and compositional cues, either alone or in concert, can drastically alter cell function.

18 speciation and ecological limits hypotheses, in concert, can explain the differences in biodiversity.

19 lving different metal catalysts orchestrated in concert constitute an attractive alternative to multi

20 drial, and gut bacterial genomes diversified in concert during hominid evolution.

21 e, valosin-containing protein (VCP), may act in concert during mammalian sperm mitophagy.

22 l repression and channel internalization act in concert during salt stress conditions to modulate aqu

23 Drp1 S-palmitoylation, which acting alone or in concert, enables the normal occurrence of the fission

24 actual conditions for both processes to work in concert existed is uncertain.

25 iencies for (1)O2 and (3)DOM* production but in concert for fluorescence and (*)OH production.

26 ll inter-chromosomal gene clusters activated in concert in a proportion of mTECs.

27 However, how DET1 and the GA pathway work in concert in repressing photomorphogenesis remains larg

28 or constitute an interaction network and act in concert in the regulation of chondrogenesis.-Kong, L.

29 While ERN1/ERN2 act in concert in the root epidermis, only ERN1 can efficien

30 However, expression of multiple genes in concert is often needed to ensure survival, requiring

31 cuit effectively shapes its signal and noise in concert, minimizing corruption of signal by noise.

32 tion of two or more reactive centers working in concert on a substrate to facilitate the reaction is

33 iven by environmental perturbations can work in concert or antagonistically to influence ecosystem fu

34 l transcription elongation, which act either in concert or antagonistically.

35 As such, PafA and Dop act in concert, rather than canceling each other's activity,

36 ng events allowed the IPh to rotate, whereas in concerted reaction the computed delay between excitat

37 nce indicate that FIS2 and MEA have diverged in concert, resulting in functional divergence of the PR

38 In concert, shortly upon induction of DA1 and BB express

39 acyl CoAs and diacylglycerols, and may work in concert spatially and temporally to synthesize divers

40 Normally the AIS performs two tasks in concert, stabilizing neural polarity and generating a

41 ered environmental chemicals produce effects in concert that lead to carcinogenesis?

42 In concert, these domains facilitate dynamic virion atta

43 In concert, these findings suggest that molecular altera

44 Considered in concert, these results are relevant to both the genet

45 In concert, they determine the structural, electrical an

46 Thus, PRC and c-MYC can act in concert through Akt-GSK-3 signaling to reprogram gene

47 o involve aspects of physiology that respond in concert to a diverse set of interventions.

48 and the transition metal catalyst operating in concert to achieve efficient turnover.

49 e propose a model in which BamA and BamD act in concert to catalyze folding, with the final step in t

50 iple families of immune genes are responsive in concert to certain biotic and abiotic challenges.

51 These domains act in concert to condense Gag into a membrane-bounded prote

52 ngs reveal how unique postsynaptic CAMs work in concert to control synaptogenesis and establish a gen

53 d CLIPA2, suggesting that these two SPHs act in concert to control the melanization response.

54 DNA-binding transcription factors that work in concert to control the timing and magnitude of gene e

55 nary conserved modules (C38 and C40), acting in concert to control tissue- and layer-specific express

56 erase activity and RNase H activity that act in concert to convert single-stranded RNA of the viral g

57 ude that multiple neuropeptides need to work in concert to coordinate certain behaviors.

58 eta-catenin and Activin/SMAD2,3 pathways act in concert to counteract YAP repression and upregulate M

59 communities of indigenous organisms working in concert to disrupt homeostatic mechanisms.

60 keleton asymmetrical contraction participate in concert to drive apical centrosome migration.

61 crowded assay, SNAREs and SM proteins acted in concert to drive efficient membrane fusion.

62 ers, and a small current population size act in concert to drive this risk.

63 -vary inversely, so that the two factors act in concert to either enhance or inhibit basin-wide hurri

64 at SOX and the host exoribonuclease Xrn1 act in concert to elicit the rapid degradation of mRNA subst

65 s, an amine HCl salt and a bisthiourea, work in concert to enable the generation of oxocarbenium ions

66 identified, it remains unclear how they act in concert to ensure faithful processing of the damage s

67 es new insights into how the DRN and SC work in concert to extract and translate visual threats into

68 ns, growth factors, and their receptors work in concert to form new vessels from the preexisting vasc

69 studies demonstrate that FamD2 and FamC1 act in concert to form the tetracyclic core ring system of t

70 hysiological, and immunological features act in concert to foster a particularly tolerant microenviro

71 ptidases, artificial and biomachines working in concert to generate a product that cannot be made by

72 PLA2 and ENPP6 may act in concert to generate phosphocholine from the matrix ve

73 ple interactions of INF2 with actin can work in concert to increase the ATP turnover rate of actin.

74 lectrical and chemical transmission can work in concert to influence network output and (2) reveal a

75 utamatergic inputs via NMDARs and AMPARs act in concert to influence relapse responses.

76 robial peptides (e.g., defensins), which act in concert to limit fungal overgrowth.

77 ear factor kappa B-mediated inflammation act in concert to mediate AEG-1-induced NASH.

78 for two structurally related MAP3Ks to work in concert to mediate axonal responses to external insul

79 on-dependent amplification pathways that act in concert to mediate rapid, directional ribosomal DNA c

80 ubgroups of extraocular motoneurons that act in concert to mediate the large dynamic range of extraoc

81 these NVU components as well as how they act in concert to modify cerebrovascular function and permea

82 vide insight into how tumor cell signals act in concert to modulate cytoskeletal contractility and ad

83 patic and renal hypoxia-sensing pathways act in concert to modulate hemoglobin in response to nitrate

84 evasion and subversion mechanisms that work in concert to overcome immune recognition and effector f

85 physically and functionally interact and act in concert to preserve replication fork progression in p

86 nd inhibited states of mTORC1 are controlled in concert to produce a nonlinear, ultrasensitive respon

87 nnections, BF and orexin neurons likely work in concert to promote arousal, motivation, and other beh

88 ce for a network of brain regions that works in concert to promote numerical skill acquisition.

89 In turn, both LOX and IL6 were acting in concert to promote RANKL-dependent osteoclast differe

90 Interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) act in concert to provide a tight barrier against viruses.

91 ization, and local chemokine production work in concert to recruit Tregs into neonatal skin, thereby

92 ght (LMW) ACE effector, bilirubin, which act in concert to regulate ACE conformation and thereby infl

93 ta-arrestin1 and STAM1, which we propose act in concert to regulate FAK signaling.

94 uggest that multiple transcription units act in concert to regulate IE1 and IE2 expression during lyt

95 ncoding RNA (lncRNA) regulatory networks act in concert to regulate key aspects of thermogenic adipoc

96 Nonetheless, how individual TFs act in concert to regulate mRNA gene expression in a single

97 ng chromatin regions may be enhancers acting in concert to regulate myogenic expression of multiple a

98 nd S574 phosphorylation act independently or in concert to regulate the apoptotic function of FOXO3.

99 mics, involving multiple factors, which work in concert to regulate the balance between coagulation a

100 the hypothesis that phytohormones are acting in concert to regulate the onset of cassava storage root

101 n, and immune modulatory cytokines, that act in concert to restrict virus replication.

102 Numerous proteins act in concert to sculpt membrane compartments for cell sign

103 ly connected clusters within islets that act in concert to secrete insulin upon glucose stimulation.

104 As DA and GABA work in concert to shape and synchronize neuronal ensembles i

105 the product of thousands of proteins acting in concert to shape the cellular response.

106 domains, the alpha1- and alpha7-helixes work in concert to shift the metal-ion-dependent adhesion sit

107 se data indicate that Notch and TGF-beta act in concert to stimulate induction of PTPRK, which suppre

108 and helping elucidate how brain regions work in concert to support behavior.

109 taste nerves and local taste epithelium act in concert to support continued taste bud differentiatio

110 US18 and US20 work in concert to suppress cell surface expression of the cr

111 he N-terminal and AAA+ tiers of the MCM work in concert to translocate on single-stranded DNA.

112 d hypervalent bonding, and the way they work in concert to yield this unusual case of multiple hyperv

113 selection of micronutrients (K+mu), alone or in concert, to 42 grassland sites spanning five continen

114 s display their influence, and how they work in concert, to provide signals essential for integration

115 In concert, toxin injections into mouse brain result in

116 lly relevant object properties are extracted in concert up the ventral visual hierarchy, and our comp

117 both high plant diversity and warming, and, in concert, warming ( approximately 1.5 degrees C averag

118 Although PAMs must work in concert with "orthosteric" agonists, compounds such a

119 anscriptomic changes caused by cAMP occurred in concert with 5hmC elevation in differentially transcr

120 genetic elements (MGEs), LexA often does so in concert with a corepressor.

121 Such an achievement, in concert with a mitochondria-adapted CRISPR/Cas9 platf

122 In contrast, the MIM interaction, in concert with a more open conformation of the Ist1 cor

123 In concert with a previously described gearbox located w

124 on of Ala-PG requires the same enzyme acting in concert with a putative esterase encoded upstream.

125 sult of accumulation of periaxonal potassium in concert with a reduced influx of sodium through Nav1.

126 Cs compared to REFs, p = 0.003) was observed in concert with a significant enhancement in soil water

127 umorigenesis requires oncogenic KRAS or BRAF in concert with aberrant STAT3 activation in epithelial

128 that SC activity can be modified dynamically in concert with adaptive behaviors and suggests that an

129 iated with the TFH program, independently or in concert with additional signals.

130 C-terminal alpha-helix of eL19 and 18S rRNA in concert with additional stabilizing interactions invo

131 deploying a multi-cation binary electrolyte in concert with an alloyed negative electrode, calcium s

132 that BRC1 regulates bud activation potential in concert with an auxin transport-based mechanism under

133 of the human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus, in concert with an NO(*)-metabolizing flavohaemoprotein,

134 proresolving role on macrophages when acting in concert with apoptotic PMN-expressed D6.

135 t a dose of >1.6 mg/kg body weight, alone or in concert with appropriate catalytic cocoa compounds, m

136 ues in mesotrypsin, Lys-74 and Asp-97, which in concert with Arg-193 and Ser-39 confer the full catal

137 where cerebellum and cortex, working closely in concert with basal ganglia, are also involved in tic

138 processes mediated by Gi signaling, whereas, in concert with blockade by the Gq/G11 inhibitor FR90035

139 In concert with blood glucose normalization, the treated

140 In concert with BMI1-induced repression of the p16(INK4a

141 phile, transferring a proton to the aldehyde in concert with carbon-carbon bond formation.

142 allowing spatial mapping of cell metabolism in concert with cell phenotype.

143 nsic axon growth capacity during development in concert with changes in Kruppel-like transcription fa

144 ages of an impending cardiac event when used in concert with clinical history and other diagnostics w

145 It is now clear that alloantibody can, in concert with colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1)-depe

146 the sky-LOSA optical measurement technique, in concert with comprehensive Monte Carlo-based uncertai

147 transcript that maintains hESC pluripotency in concert with core pluripotency factors.

148 urther indicate that antigenic mutations act in concert with deleterious mutations to reproduce influ

149 In concert with Deviance Regulation Theory, their framew

150 NMR and Kbeta X-ray emission spectroscopies in concert with DFT calculations suggest a largely metal

151 rn human locomotor anatomy, or more recently in concert with diaphyseal gracilization in Holocene hum

152 n papillomavirus replication is accomplished in concert with differentiation of the infected epitheli

153 and the preservation of neurogenic potential in concert with dopamine.

154 phagy at the interface of the MAM by working in concert with DRP1 and calnexin under hypoxic conditio

155 n of unconstrained, fluid-phase CL molecules in concert with Drp1 self-assembly, and 3) the increased

156 mammalian cell lines reveals that Dyn2 works in concert with Drp1 to orchestrate sequential constrict

157 transient, dose-dependent viraemia occurred in concert with early reactogenicity.

158 y in vivo and demonstrate that eIF2beta acts in concert with eIF5 to prevent premature release of GDP

159 d in contact strength during differentiation in concert with enhancer acquisition of the H3K27ac acti

160 Collectively, our ice core data on bacteria in concert with environmental and anthropogenic proxies

161 expansion and local evaporation of sea water in concert with evaporite precipitation that caused lith

162 In concert with experiments, multiscale calculations rev

163 r chemistries for other protein systems and, in concert with experiments, provide full analytical sol

164 s and PTPN11 D61Y to initiate leukemogenesis in concert with expression of AML1-ETO in vivo.

165 y iron and heme transport proteins that work in concert with ferrireductases, ferroxidases, and chape

166 In concert with findings from deletion of the ARP2/3 com

167 a floral antagonist that promotes SAM growth in concert with floral transition protects it from such

168 associated with the superlattice mini-bands in concert with free electrons in the Dirac bands produc

169 ation of carbohydrate/metal ion interactions in concert with gas-phase ion chemistry to improve discr

170 spectrometry-based phosphoproteomics dataset in concert with gene expression analysis, we selected ov

171 Development of isoform-independent assays, in concert with genetic, epidemiological, translational,

172 ing auxin homeostasis in Arabidopsis, acting in concert with GH3 genes, to maintain auxin concentrati

173 n homeostasis is dependent on AtDAO1, acting in concert with GH3, to maintain auxin at optimal levels

174 the hypothesis that optimization of potency in concert with good oral pharmacokinetic (PK) propertie

175 pediatric cancer advocacy, fundraising, and (in concert with government) program sustainability.

176 at the binding of the coenzyme NADH alone or in concert with GTP results in a binary mixture in which

177 transcription are loci-dependent and emerge in concert with histone modification and other chromatin

178 Here, we investigated if ADP elevation in concert with increased diastolic [Ca(2+) ] promotes d

179 Acting in concert with inflammation, these behaviors accelerate

180 mics of transcriptomes and epigenomes acting in concert with initial cell fate commitment remains poo

181 pport a model in which the gate loop, acting in concert with initiation or elongation factors, guides

182 of DLG-1 protein is delayed by ZEN-4, acting in concert with its binding partner CYK-4/MgcRacGAP.

183 between the tiny polyps of the coral animal in concert with its unicellular symbiotic algae and a wi

184 ess primary root growth (vertical dimension) in concert with its well-characterized stimulatory effec

185 e catalytic responsiveness of these proteins in concert with key intracellular events.

186 In concert with kinetic isotope effect (KIE) experiments

187 ctor-23 may contribute to cardiac remodeling in concert with Klotho deficiency in CKD, phosphotoxicit

188 al exchange saturation transfer experiments, in concert with ligation and selective labeling strategi

189 When used in concert with linkage analysis, haplotyping can help d

190 In concert with local increased H3K27Ac, the strong H3K2

191 setting of adipose inflammation and operates in concert with local mechanisms to sustain the inflamed

192 e-scale, stable recording of neuronal spikes in concert with local population synaptic activity, enha

193 ct achieve this frontline defense by working in concert with lymphoid, myeloid, and stromal cells to

194 r reorganizing and repositioning nucleosomes in concert with many basic cellular processes.

195 ngs indicate that FAP participates directly, in concert with MMPs, in collagen catabolism and clearan

196 a may therefore have a role in tumorigenesis in concert with mortalin, which affects MEK/ERK activity

197 toxins can cleave specific sites within rRNA in concert with mRNA.

198 en a joint initiative of the STS and the ACC in concert with multiple stakeholders.

199 ere we used a broad array of selection tests in concert with neutral coalescent simulations to demons

200 s a key role in modulating TB susceptibility in concert with NFkappaB1 and TNFalpha genes.

201 7)Sr/(86)Sr of vent fluids varies cyclically in concert with ocean chemistry, with some values much h

202 n sets, few have evaluated their performance in concert with one another.

203 In concert with other anagenetic lineages of dinosaurs f

204 ructions of the associated complexes, which, in concert with other biochemical/medical considerations

205 Whether this conductance acts in concert with other channels sensitive to changes in i

206 e Treg cell transcription factor Foxp3 works in concert with other co-regulatory molecules, including

207 ing on the context, septins may act alone or in concert with other cytoskeletal elements to influence

208 We propose that, in concert with other drivers, an overpressured sub-slab

209 s on bronchial epithelial cells directly and in concert with other environmental stimuli to induce th

210 s generalizable frictional mechanism may act in concert with other hypothesized processes that damp d

211 the microtubule bundling capacity of MAP65-1 in concert with other mitotic kinases.

212 mework, we show how water flow in the colon, in concert with other physiological factors, determine t

213 In concert with other spatial cells in the medial tempor

214 SMYD3 transactivation and whether SMYD3 acts in concert with other transcription modulators remain un

215 e were changes at BDNF exon I gene promoter, in concert with overall BDNF levels in the hippocampus o

216 er and non-responder patients, are modulated in concert with p53 (also known as TP53) and c-MYC regul

217 n these findings, we propose that Ash2L acts in concert with P53 promoter occupancy to activate RNAP

218 for mitochondrial homeostasis and functions in concert with Parkin and VCP for Marf degradation to p

219 se data indicate an essential role for TRAF2 in concert with PARKIN as a mitophagy effector, which co

220 s previously thought to emerge later in life in concert with PFC maturation.

221 nucleosome organization changes extensively in concert with phases of the cell cycle, with large, re

222 y vesicles by the upstream Rab Ypt32p acting in concert with phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PI(4)P

223 S-Nitrosylation operates in concert with phosphorylation to regulate many cardiac

224 specific redox signaling processes that act in concert with phytohormones and transcription factors

225 ired for both shoot and root pole formation, in concert with PIN efflux carriers.

226 that controls the virulence gene expression in concert with population density.

227 the erythroid transcriptional program works in concert with post-translational mechanisms to regulat

228 In concert with previous studies, these findings suggest

229 seq) analysis of the EBNA3 proteins analyzed in concert with prior EBNA2 and RBPJ data demonstrated t

230 These pairing probabilities, used in concert with prior knowledge of the canonical seconda

231 cade to promote allergic airway inflammation in concert with proasthmatic alleles.

232 se results demonstrate that yeast Tpm1 works in concert with profilin to promote formin-dependent nuc

233 targets for cancer drug discovery that work in concert with protein tyrosine kinases (PTK) in contro

234 lectron travels to a proximal radical cation in concert with proton transfer to a weak Bronsted base.

235 MR spectroscopic studies of 1M[BAr4] suggest in concert with quantum chemical calculations that encap

236 RNF4 monoubiquitinates polySUMO substrates in concert with RAD6B and polyubiquitinates substrates t

237 Feedforward inhibition, in concert with recurrent intracortical circuitry, produ

238 y other time in the last millennium and fell in concert with reduced diatom abundance and warming wat

239 imply that oxidative control mechanisms act in concert with reductive signals to fine tune starch sy

240 e FA pathway maintains chromosomal stability in concert with replication fork maintenance and DNA dou

241 How the TCR repertoire, in concert with risk-associated MHC, imposes susceptibil

242 ibed dsDNA and translocates unidirectionally in concert with RNA polymerase (RNAP) on moving transcri

243 B-like E2 that polyubiquitinates SUMO chains in concert with RNF4.

244 ription factor downstream of IL-23 that acts in concert with RORgammat to activate the Th17 inflammat

245 sphate oxygen isotope ratios (delta(18)O(P)) in concert with sediment chemistry, X-ray diffraction, a

246 irects the ubiquitination of polySUMO chains in concert with several different E2 enzymes.

247 Live cell imaging in concert with shRNA tau knockdown revealed that reduci

248 and the synthesis of virulence determinants in concert with sigma(B), SarA, and the bacterial metabo

249 trate the mechanism by which DHX34 functions in concert with SMG1.

250 These receptors acquire iron either in concert with soluble iron-scavenging siderophores or

251 lator of Pmp22 expression during development in concert with Sox10 and Egr2.

252 these populations of splenic neutrophils act in concert with specialized macrophage and B cell popula

253 We propose a model whereby PRC1 acts in concert with specific lncRNAs and that CAT7/cat7l rep

254 heir development and homeostasis and can act in concert with steroids to mediate physiological functi

255 es of dehydrating grapevine (Vitis vinifera) in concert with stomatal conductance and stem and petiol

256 ent magnitude to drive phloem transport only in concert with structural changes in the phloem that re

257 suggest that synaptic kinetics are regulated in concert with synaptic sizes and reflect the functiona

258 ghest-frequency fluctuating treatment cycled in concert with temperature and was upregulated initiall

259 ubiquitous AAA+ protein Cdc48/p97, functions in concert with the 20S proteasome by unfolding substrat

260 has been shown to function both upstream and in concert with the 5'-3' exonuclease EXO1 in DNA resect

261 region of the medial prefrontal cortex that, in concert with the amygdala and hippocampus, subserves

262 c interaction motif (RHIM) within R1, acting in concert with the caspase-8-binding domain, which unle

263 ths and then abruptly decreased at 24 months in concert with the CBV.

264 y, we have investigated how divalent cations in concert with the chondroitin sulfate chain influence

265 In contrast, ATG-7 functions in concert with the DAF-7/TGF-beta pathway to promote ge

266 In concert with the decline in disparity selectivity, we

267 nable to entrap virions, activated NF-kappaB in concert with the Ebola virus proteins at least as eff

268 Lapsyn works in concert with the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) pathw

269 active Glt1, indicating that the glycan acts in concert with the first enzyme in the pathway, PhyA, i

270 together and how their assembly is regulated in concert with the growth and proliferation of cells re

271 on) is driven by the POU factor OCT4, acting in concert with the high-mobility group genes Sox-2 and

272 hich cytokinin inhibits root cell elongation in concert with the hormones auxin and ethylene.

273 The MC2 receptor acts in concert with the MC2 receptor accessory protein (MRAP

274 ransporter candidate FtsW is thought to work in concert with the PG synthases penicillin-binding prot

275 al activity are frequently observed to occur in concert with the presentation of a sensory stimulus o

276 rolysis by the cytosolic motor-protein SecA, in concert with the proton motive force (PMF).

277 ca valence bands that appear instantaneously in concert with the pump pulse.

278 ity from posterior to anterior face patches, in concert with the recently described development of na

279 ns Frizzled, Strabismus, and Dishevelled act in concert with the small GTPase Rac1 to activate the ac

280 ons toward prosociality are thought to arise in concert with the social and cultural environment, dev

281 a small dynamic exchange interaction, acting in concert with the static interaction to induce coupled

282 can regulate the expression of target genes in concert with the transcriptional regulators Swi4 and

283 nsposons that occurred 38 million years ago in concert with the uplift of the plateau.

284 es and control cholesterol/lipid homeostasis in concert with their host gene products.

285 ) and SREBP-1, respectively, are transcribed in concert with their host genes and function alongside

286 es play disparate roles and have diversified in concert with their hosts.

287 r with a PGT121 family member at 3.0 A that, in concert with these antibody intermediate structures,

288 Our study in concert with these findings provides strong support f

289 In concert with these results, targeting MUC1-C downregu

290 In concert with these results, targeting MUC1-C in CTCL

291 In concert with these results, targeting MUC1-C in NSCLC

292 are coupled to promote SCC tumor initiation in concert with transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta pr

293 for breast cancer treatment, these findings in concert with trial data suggest that women should be

294 These enzymes were used--in concert with two previously identified BAHD acyltrans

295 In concert with U-Th dates recording decreased recurrenc

296 homologs of OPA1 (Mgm1) and MFN2 (Fzo1) work in concert with Ugo1, for which no human equivalent has

297 of innate and adaptive immune cells working in concert, with many feed-forward and regulatory intera

298 ore effective and sustainable if implemented in concert within and across countries.

299 how the reproductive organs temporally shift in concert within the confines of the abdomen.

300 n-sensitive signaling pathways often operate in concert within the same cell, increasing the complexi