ライフサイエンスコーパス: infectiousness

1 m tuberculosis with unknown implications for infectiousness.

2 arasites in the skin is necessary to explain infectiousness.

3 th both decreased time to AIDS and increased infectiousness.

4 r pathogenicity, and the antiviral effect on infectiousness.

5 e 5% of individuals with the highest overall infectiousness.

6 to identify predictive correlates of higher infectiousness.

7 uced susceptibility to infection and reduced infectiousness.

8 in parasite landscape as a predictor of host infectiousness.

9 erculosis metabolic activity) for predicting infectiousness.

10 he probability of both risk of infection and infectiousness.

11 onitored as a potential surrogate marker for infectiousness.

12 e recipient that contributed to heterosexual infectiousness.

13 estigate how within-host dynamics relates to infectiousness.

14 ve was paradoxically associated with greater infectiousness.

15 susceptibility to infection, and increasing infectiousness.

16 rticles can be critical to maintaining their infectiousness.

17 ated with increased HIV-1 susceptibility and infectiousness.

18 factors that may facilitate or decrease HIV infectiousness.

19 tion, while AL is better at reducing patient infectiousness.

20 ion, mortality, transmission, and persistent infectiousness.

21 ptomatic persons, assuming equal duration of infectiousness.

22 fection prevalence, population abundance and infectiousness.

23 transmission intensity and human population infectiousness.

24 response if IPV has a very limited impact on infectiousness.

25 stigated the influence of breast milk on HCV infectiousness.

26 ing the highest levels of susceptibility and infectiousness.

27 result in evolutionary pressure to increase infectiousness.

28 n body fluids, the standard proxy measure of infectiousness.

29 -off will significantly affect virulence and infectiousness.

30 Thus, varying infectiousness among differentially heat-sensitive Symbi

31 transmission dynamics also depend upon host infectiousness, an area that has received relatively lit

32 There were positive correlations between infectiousness and anti-Leishmania immunoglobulin G, par

33 ore efficient estimates of hazard ratios for infectiousness and baseline hazards of infectious contac

34 t from the epidemiological perspective (high infectiousness and expensive treatment) the models give

35 By relating bacterial count to infectiousness and fitting dynamic epidemiological model

36 h transmissibility could be due to both high infectiousness and high rates of sex partner change or c

37 Viral infectiousness and number of sex partners may help expla

38 rican nonhuman primates, we investigated its infectiousness and pathogenicity in Asian monkeys.

39 R) infectious diseases where an individual's infectiousness and probability of recovery depend on his

40 -2 therapy has the potential to reduce HIV-1 infectiousness and slow HIV-1 disease progression.

41 haracteristics most likely to influence host infectiousness and survival are the intrinsic pathogen g

42 nd pathogen characteristics most affect host infectiousness and survival.

43 lyses, including individual heterogeneity in infectiousness and susceptibility and the retrospective

44 Heterogeneity in infectiousness and susceptibility may still play an impo

45 sion depends on the relative balance between infectiousness and susceptibility, both of which are inf

46 overcome in moderating symptoms and limiting infectiousness and that treatment has to be initiated as

47 ptoms, we investigate the relative timing of infectiousness and the appearance of symptoms by using a

48 he relationships between both viral load and infectiousness and the duration of the asymptomatic infe

49 e of within- and between-host variability in infectiousness and the impact of these heterogeneities o

50 feasible and offers a new approach to study infectiousness and transmission of M. tuberculosis and o

51 allowing for an increase in the duration of infectiousness and/or the transmission rate of typhoid f

52 ients were a marker of the duration of human infectiousness, and blood meals containing high concentr

53 , heterogeneity in sexual activity, variable infectiousness, and different mixing patterns between ri

54 Transmission dynamics, infectiousness, and drug susceptibility were analysed in

55 on is divided into groups according to their infectiousness, and HIV is primarily spread by a small,

56 major determinant for the seeding activity, infectiousness, and strain characteristics of prions in

57 rogeneity in transmission rates, duration of infectiousness, and the existence of high-risk groups.

58 we show that the distribution of individual infectiousness around R(0) is often highly skewed.

59 wever, the effect of influenza antivirals on infectiousness as well as on the ability of the virus to

60 the degree of individual-level variation in infectiousness (as quantified by the dispersion paramete

61 obscure considerable individual variation in infectiousness, as highlighted during the global emergen

62 vaccine efficacy for both susceptibility and infectiousness, as well as estimation of indirect and ov

63 finding strategies to target long periods of infectiousness before diagnosis, which is typical of HIV

64 assays appear suitable tools to compare the infectiousness between individuals and to evaluate trans

65 Due to the highly asymmetric durations of infectiousness between males and females-it is estimated

66 We assessed cases' severity and infectiousness by using a questionnaire.

67 erently the manner in which contact rate and infectiousness change over time, with different algorith

68 number of factors associated with TB patient infectiousness, contact susceptibility to infection, con

69 mitted by infectious aerosols, but assessing infectiousness currently relies on sputum microscopy tha

70 , because both the duration of infection and infectiousness determine the opportunities for the virus

71 eritidis; (3) an increase in the duration of infectiousness due to failure to respond to first-line a

72 3 months after seroconversion, whereas high infectiousness during late-stage infection was estimated

73 High infectiousness during primary infection was estimated to

74 Allowing low infectiousness during primary infection, the likelihood

75 mean-field epidemic (R(0), generation time, infectiousness, etc.) are preserved in each case.

76 ent and the disease dynamics of symptoms and infectiousness for seven case-study diseases with divers

77 t normally considered: the duration of human infectiousness, frequency of sampling by mosquitoes, and

78 allow estimation of the antiviral effect on infectiousness from individual studies.

79 s about the impact of IPV on an individual's infectiousness, given the lack of knowledge about this p

80 a key determinant of disease progression and infectiousness in HIV infection.

81 of HIV transmission during a period of high infectiousness in the first few months after infection (

82 However, infectiousness in the first two cases may be useful to p

83 Heterogeneity of infectiousness is an important feature of the spread of

84 major challenge for control programs if its infectiousness is confirmed.

85 hich ART offered to infected persons reduces infectiousness is of considerable public health importan

86 inadequate initial treatment, and prolonged infectiousness led to extraordinary attack rates and cas

87 that causes tularemia, and its virulence and infectiousness make it a potential agent of bioterrorism

88 Assuming a duration of infectiousness of 1 year, the basic reproductive number

89 is true in Southeast Asia, we determined the infectiousness of 119 falciparum-infected Cambodian adul

90 To elucidate the reasons for this, the infectiousness of 50 sentinel dogs exposed to natural Le

91 y for HIV-1 infection prevention by reducing infectiousness of and susceptibility to HIV-1, on the ba

92 (HIV) type 1 should be directed at reducing infectiousness of and susceptibility to HIV-1.

93 very rate, the diagnostic rate, the relative infectiousness of asymptomatic cases, and the proportion

94 Among recent strain clusters, infectiousness of both of the initial cases was associat

95 plasma (OR 1.92, 95% CI 1.68-2.19) while the infectiousness of gametocytes may be reduced during the

96 g antiretroviral therapy (ART) to reduce the infectiousness of HIV-1 infected persons and pre-exposur

97 e leukemia virus (MLV) similarly enhance the infectiousness of HIV-1 particles by an unknown mechanis

98 susceptibility of HIV-1-exposed persons and infectiousness of HIV-1-infected persons.

99 er TIZ and RM-4848 could reduce the in vitro infectiousness of HIV-1.

100 Antiretroviral therapy (ART) reduces the infectiousness of HIV-infected persons, but only after t

101 ity, and few large studies investigating the infectiousness of HIV-seropositive and -seronegative ind

102 We assessed the infectiousness of HIV-seropositive and -seronegative pat

103 eraction) of tuberculosis cases modified the infectiousness of HIV-seropositive indexes.

104 the role of the genital ulcer itself in the infectiousness of HIV.

105 dful of studies have directly determined the infectiousness of individuals in endemic populations.

106 The relative infectiousness of laboratory and primary human immunodef

107 esults suggest that urethritis increases the infectiousness of men with HIV-1 infection.

108 a better understanding of the prevalence and infectiousness of oral HHVs in HIV-infected patients.

109 ndividual-level factors and the behavior and infectiousness of others.

110 Increasing evidence suggests that the infectiousness of patients for the sand fly vector of vi

111 losis treatment is effective in reducing the infectiousness of patients' sputum, because culture take

112 city, it is desirable to know in advance the infectiousness of potential candidate live attenuated in

113 Studies assessing infectiousness of pregnant women and gametocyte dynamics

114 sing the number of infected prisoners or the infectiousness of released prisoners; an imbalance in th

115 neity in contact patterns, contact rates, or infectiousness of the contacts, as long as these are equ

116 In particular, the characterisation and infectiousness of the different disease stages will be c

117 he effect of the combined characteristics of infectiousness of the first two cases in a cluster on th

118 ensively defining factors that determine the infectiousness of the host and the susceptibility of the

119 nfected MDM by cocultivation, confirming the infectiousness of this virus.

120 ted T cells can contribute to preserving the infectiousness of viral particles, thus revealing a nove

121 of the influence of individual variation in infectiousness on disease emergence.

122 ing can arise through variation in contacts, infectiousness or infectious periods.

123 tine or better hygiene, shorter durations of infectiousness or longer immunity.

124 Since endogenous FeLVs may affect the infectiousness or pathogenicity of exogenous FeLVs, geno

125 ep demographic states vary systematically in infectiousness or susceptibility to Mycoplasma ovipneumo

126 ized as factors that increase contact rates, infectiousness, or host susceptibility.

127 if longer incubation periods, lower rates of infectiousness, or increased implementation of nonpharma

128 effect of vaccination on susceptibility, on infectiousness, or on progression to disease in individu

129 patient care-seeking behavior, symptoms, and infectiousness over time; these uncertainties should be

130 al much about the relationships between host infectiousness, pathogen load, and disease symptoms in t

131 A lack of understanding of human infectiousness precludes a standard approach to this inf

132 y epidemic parameters (i.e. mean duration of infectiousness, R0, and Reff) and can provide an accurat

133 iod; reduced virus load, which acts to lower infectiousness; reduced susceptibility on exposure to in

134 elate with behavior change than with reduced infectiousness resulting from highly active antiretrovir

135 ariety of vaccine effects on susceptibility, infectiousness, Salmonella shedding level, and duration

136 ng susceptibility to infection or increasing infectiousness), the PAF calculated directly from the mo

137 is determined by the time from infection to infectiousness, the duration of infectiousness, the time

138 l because of high incidence of infection and infectiousness, the insensitivity of the diagnostic test

139 infection to infectiousness, the duration of infectiousness, the time from infection to disease onset

140 We longitudinally determined human infectiousness to mosquitoes and P. falciparum carriage

141 ic acid sequence-based amplification assays; infectiousness to mosquitoes by membrane-feeding assays

142 The gametocyte infectiousness to mosquitoes was determined by mosquito-

143 erogeneous skin parasite patches that govern infectiousness to sand flies.

144 hip between transmission intensity and human infectiousness to the mosquito, requiring assumptions ab

145 he mosquito, requiring assumptions about how infectiousness varies between individuals.

146 (VE(P)), infection and illness (VE(SP)), and infectiousness (VE(I)).

147 The effect on reducing infectiousness was 19% (95% CI: -160, 75) for zanamivir

148 , this vaccine had a substantial impact when infectiousness was assumed to be reduced along with inci

149 Human infectiousness was higher at the start of the wet season

150 ire outbreak, but are qualitatively similar: infectiousness was negligible until symptom onset, and i

151 Patients' infectiousness was not associated with the rate of clust

152 exponential networks for any finite rate of infectiousness when the disease persists.

153 olves to an intermediate level that balances infectiousness with longer infected lifespans, resulting

154 ity of the pathogen to replicate and develop infectiousness within the arthropod host.