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1 for influenza A/2009/H1N1 virus, and 95% for influenza B virus.
2  influenza A virus and 15 were infected with influenza B virus.
3 e for the inhibition of ISG15 conjugation by influenza B virus.
4 H1 and H3 strains of influenza A, as well as influenza B virus.
5 segments of two highly homologous strains of influenza B virus.
6 d of IFN-alpha/beta synthesis than wild-type influenza B virus.
7 ) viruses carrying the neuraminidase (NA) of influenza B virus.
8 se-negative results were found to be growing influenza B virus.
9 oproteins from either of the two lineages of influenza B virus.
10 pared with controls immunized with unrelated influenza B virus.
11 rom an immunocompromised child infected with influenza B virus.
12  virus strains as well as with the NS1 of an influenza B virus.
13  that possessed HA, NA, or both HA and NA of influenza B virus.
14 8% and 98.3% and 100% and 100% for detecting influenza B virus.
15  yielded influenza A virus, and 1.1% yielded influenza B virus.
16 n of influenza A virus and the HA protein of influenza B virus.
17  amino acids that are highly conserved among influenza B viruses.
18 nces after vaccination were observed against influenza B viruses.
19 c influenza A viruses and stalk domains from influenza B viruses.
20 nn Arbor/1/66 were aligned to those of other influenza B viruses.
21 protected from lethal challenge with diverse influenza B viruses.
22 ls to determine the fitness of NAI-resistant influenza B viruses.
23 tive capacities and fitness of NAI-resistant influenza B viruses.
24 ENIA) for rapid detection of influenza A and influenza B viruses.
25 culating, antigenically distinct lineages of influenza B viruses.
26 ection of influenza A virus (76.4%) than for influenza B virus (40.9%).
27 raminidase subtypes of influenza A virus and influenza B virus (41 influenza virus strains) and 24 co
28                 Altogether, opposite-lineage influenza B viruses accounted for 10.8% of all influenza
29 nfection who were subsequently infected with influenza B virus after a mean interval of 50 days.
30                      The segmented genome of influenza B virus allows exchange of gene segments betwe
31 ed 95% sensitivity for influenza A virus and influenza B virus and 95 and 97% specificity compared to
32 98%, respectively, but the sensitivities for influenza B virus and adenovirus were unacceptable (14.3
33 describe a novel Asp198Asn NA mutation in an influenza B virus and its decreased susceptibility to bo
34 ibute to fatal outcomes after infection with influenza B virus and that the frequency of these manife
35 idual donors were successfully infected with influenza B virus and then inoculated with serogroup B N
36 ility to viral infection, and in the case of influenza B virus and vaccinia virus, ISG15 conjugation
37 reliable genome mapping of highly homologous influenza B viruses and (ii) extensive monitoring of inf
38  for isolation and productive replication of influenza B viruses and determine the biological and gen
39 eassortment plays a role in the evolution of influenza B viruses and may necessitate a change in the
40 0% for influenza A virus, 100% and 99.7% for influenza B virus, and 100% and 100% for respiratory syn
41  were 98.1% for influenza A virus, 98.0% for influenza B virus, and 97.7% for RSV.
42 esses determine the evolutionary dynamics of influenza B virus, and how influenza viruses A and B int
43 ssential for signaling by influenza A virus, influenza B virus, and human respiratory syncytial virus
44 nn Arbor, MI), that typed influenza A virus, influenza B virus, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
45 Northbrook, IL) to detect influenza A virus, influenza B virus, and respiratory syncytial virus A and
46 c, and rapid detection of influenza A virus, influenza B virus, and RSV and subtyping of influenza A
47 ive percent agreement for influenza A virus, influenza B virus, and RSV were 79.2% (95% confidence in
48 ng influenza A viruses H1N1, H3N2, and H5N1, influenza B viruses, and other respiratory viruses.
49 lly distinct 'Yam88' and 'Vic87' lineages of influenza B virus are the result of changes in herd immu
50                                              Influenza B viruses are important human pathogens that r
51                                              Influenza B viruses are important human respiratory path
52  cytotoxicity and in vivo protection against influenza B viruses belonging to both haemagglutinin lin
53          Influenza A virus M2 (A/M2) and the influenza B virus BM2 are both small integral membrane p
54                                          The influenza B virus BM2 proton-selective ion channel is es
55                               However, NP of influenza B viruses (BNP) contains an evolutionarily con
56            Furthermore, potent inhibition of influenza B viruses but not other RNA or DNA viruses was
57 trains, several swine influenza viruses, and influenza B viruses but were not overtly susceptible to
58  Only one specimen was determined to contain influenza B virus by Hexaplex; it was tissue culture neg
59 arliest step in innate immune recognition of influenza B virus by human macrophages.
60          Unlike most virulent wild-type (wt) influenza B viruses, ca B/Ann Arbor/1/66 is temperature
61  full-length hemagglutinin (HA) of prototype influenza B viruses can complement the function of multi
62                     Here we demonstrate that influenza B viruses can replicate in the upper respirato
63 o single-cycle infectious influenza A virus, influenza B virus cannot incorporate heterotypic transge
64                        Human infections with influenza B viruses carrying the E119A or H274Y substitu
65                                              Influenza B virus causes a significant amount of morbidi
66                                              Influenza B virus causes annual epidemics and, along wit
67         Together with the influenza A virus, influenza B virus causes seasonal flu epidemics.
68                                              Influenza B virus causes significant disease but remains
69  and C9, to identify the cellular tropism of influenza B virus, characterize concomitant bacterial pn
70 fluenza A(H1N1)pdm09, influenza A(H3N2), and influenza B viruses circulating in 2009 and 2010.
71                              We sequenced 72 influenza B viruses collected in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,
72 or influenza A viruses and 81.80% (9/11) for influenza B viruses compared to those for an in-house re
73  the influenza A, influenza A 2009 H1N1, and influenza B viruses compared to those of culture were 90
74 N2 (phylogenetic group 2 hemagglutinin), and influenza B virus components.
75 e NP of influenza A and B viruses, the NP of influenza B virus contains an evolutionarily conserved 5
76        These results support the notion that influenza B viruses continued to evolve through antigeni
77 amework has until now not been available for influenza B viruses, despite their significant disease b
78                               In conclusion, influenza B virus did not increase association of serogr
79  with either an H1N1 influenza A virus or an influenza B virus did so.
80                                              Influenza B virus encodes non-structural protein 1 (NS1B
81                                 Segment 7 of influenza B virus encodes two proteins, M1 and BM2.
82 e mechanisms are activated immediately after influenza B virus entry through the endocytic pathway, w
83 a indicate that the chimeric live-attenuated influenza B viruses expressing the modified influenza A
84 tral in shaping the evolutionary dynamics of influenza B virus, facilitating the shift of dominance b
85   Here, we report the construction of mutant influenza B viruses for potential use as improved live-v
86                           The BM2 protein of influenza B virus functions as an ion channel, which is
87 e evidence suggesting a similar mechanism of influenza B virus genome packaging.
88 nza A virus packaging signals to full-length influenza B virus glycoproteins, we rescued influenza A
89             Furthermore, these structures of influenza B virus HA are compared with known structures
90             Here we report the structures of influenza B virus HA in complex with human and avian rec
91                                   The native influenza B virus HA segment could not be incorporated i
92  B virus HA molecules and for the ability of influenza B virus HA to distinguish human and avian rece
93                             The structure of influenza B virus HA with avian receptor analog also rev
94                                              Influenza B virus has been less studied than influenza A
95 e than two dozen amino acid substitutions on influenza B virus HAs have been identified to cause anti
96                 The fitness of NAI-resistant influenza B viruses has not been widely studied.
97 nal antibodies against the haemagglutinin of influenza B viruses have been described, none targeting
98                                              Influenza B virus hemagglutinin (BHA) contains a predict
99 s that bind to the conserved stalk domain of influenza B virus hemagglutinin.
100 n certain species may contribute to limiting influenza B virus host range.
101                  Influenza A virus (IAV) and influenza B virus (IBV) cause substantial morbidity and
102                                              Influenza B virus (IBV) causes annual influenza epidemic
103                                              Influenza B virus (IBV) causes seasonal epidemics in hum
104                               Although human influenza B virus (IBV) is a significant human pathogen,
105                                              Influenza B virus (IBV) is considered a major human path
106 1 strain, the 2009 pandemic H1N1 strain, and influenza B virus in cytotoxicity assays and intracellul
107                  Successful uncoating of the influenza B virus in endosomes is predicted to require a
108  the influenza A, influenza A 2009 H1N1, and influenza B viruses in approximately 70 min with minimal
109 easonal H1N1 (H1N1-s), influenza A H3N2, and influenza B viruses in nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) specime
110                              Reassortment of influenza B viruses in nature as a means of genetic vari
111 after cell transfer with a noncross-reactive influenza B virus induced some of the donor D(b)NP(366)(
112                   Influenza A virus, but not influenza B virus, induced increased production of IFN-b
113                                              Influenza B virus-induced activation of IRF3 required th
114  pattern recognition receptor needed for the influenza B virus-induced activation of IRF3.
115                                 We show that influenza B virus induces IFN regulatory factor 3 (IRF3)
116                                 We show that influenza B virus induces IRF3 activation, leading to IF
117                                 We show that influenza B virus induces the synthesis in human cells o
118 ic influenza A(H1N1) virus (A[H1N1]pdm09) or influenza B virus infection (P = .2 and .4, respectively
119         Here we analyzed the early events in influenza B virus infection and interferon (IFN) gene ex
120                                              Influenza B virus infection causes rates of hospitalizat
121 18 years; however, the pathogenesis of fatal influenza B virus infection is poorly described.
122 ablished immunocompromised murine models for influenza B virus infection that will facilitate evaluat
123  Finally, we demonstrate that ISG15 controls influenza B virus infection through its action within ra
124  at autopsy from 45 case patients with fatal influenza B virus infection were evaluated by light micr
125  virus infection was diagnosed in 3.5% (71), influenza B virus infection, in 0.9% (19); and influenza
126 /-) mice display increased susceptibility to influenza B virus infection, including non-mouse-adapted
127 loped an immunocompromised murine models for influenza B virus infection, which we subsequently used
128 of ISRE-controlled genes, is activated after influenza B virus infection.
129 ion may not provide cross-protection against influenza B virus infection.
130 a viable strategy to broadly protect against influenza B virus infection.IMPORTANCE While current inf
131 g oseltamivir is less effective for treating influenza B virus infections than for treating influenza
132  viral resistance against vaccinia virus and influenza B virus infections.
133                                              Influenza B virus infects only humans and some marine ma
134 in antiviral response because a human virus, influenza B virus, inhibits ISG15 conjugation.
135                                              Influenza B virus is a human pathogen responsible for si
136 by RIG-I receptor, meaning that the incoming influenza B virus is already able to activate IFN gene e
137                            The NB protein of influenza B virus is thought to function as an ion chann
138                        The countermeasure by influenza B virus is unique in that it exhibits species
139  case for influenza A virus, transmission of influenza B viruses is enhanced at colder temperatures,
140 nd the neuraminidase of different strains of influenza B viruses is observed.
141                             The evolution of influenza B viruses is poorly understood.
142 tween the vaccine and circulating strains of influenza B viruses is substantial, especially among chi
143 es broad and long-lasting protection against influenza B viruses is therefore urgently needed.
144  evolutionary analyses of all 11 genes of 31 influenza B viruses isolated from 1979 to 2003 were used
145 nin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) sequences of influenza B viruses isolated in Guangzhou, a southern Ch
146                               In this study, influenza B viruses isolated within the past 10 years fr
147           Importantly, human H1N1, H3N2, and influenza B virus isolates also could activate mast cell
148                                   Forty-nine influenza B virus isolates collected in Belgium, Finland
149 owed moderate antigenic mismatch, and 98% of influenza B virus isolates showed major lineage-level mi
150 d reverse genetics to generate a recombinant influenza B virus lacking the BHA cytoplasmic tail domai
151 Commonly used trivalent vaccines contain one influenza B virus lineage and may be ineffective against
152                                   While most influenza B virus lineages in Malaysia were short-lived,
153  virus subtype H3, likely H3N2 (n = 12), and influenza B virus (n = 18).
154         VLPs generated in the absence of the influenza B virus NEP protein were unable to transfer th
155 acid substitutions in the NA glycoprotein of influenza B virus not only can confer antiviral resistan
156                We also provide evidence that influenza B virus NS1 mutants induce a self-adjuvanted i
157             Furthermore, we demonstrate that influenza B virus NS1 protein potently antagonizes human
158  the ISG15 protein: a specific region of the influenza B virus NS1 protein, which includes part of it
159                The fact that influenza A and influenza B virus NS1 proteins bind to NS1-I suggests th
160 orresponding dsRNA binding domain from human influenza B virus NS1B-(15-93).
161  specificity exhibited by the NS1 protein of influenza B virus (NS1B protein).
162                           The NS1 protein of influenza B virus (NS1B) specifically binds only human a
163 olates (one RSV, five influenza A virus, two influenza B virus, one parainfluenza virus, and six aden
164                  In contrast, infection with influenza B virus or human adenovirus type 5 did not ind
165 0.004), influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 (p=0.01), and influenza B viruses (p=0.04).
166 0.004), influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 (p=0.01), and influenza B viruses (p=0.04).
167 s, human metapneumovirus, influenza A virus, influenza B virus, parainfluenza viruses 1 to 3, and res
168 3 seasonal virus, influenza A virus H1-2009, influenza B virus, parainfluenza viruses 1 to 4, respira
169                        Influenza A virus and influenza B virus particles both contain small integral
170 pport the hypothesis that the NS1 protein of influenza B virus plays an important role in antagonizin
171 ransport medium (80 influenza A virus and 16 influenza B virus positive) from both adult and pediatri
172 influenza A/H3 virus-, 30 2009 H1N1-, and 30 influenza B virus-positive specimens and 30 influenza vi
173 cids 94 to 281), in the absence of any other influenza B virus proteins resulted in the inhibition of
174 a B viruses and (ii) extensive monitoring of influenza B virus reassortants and the mixed genotypes.
175 gglutinin (HA) gene of 57 influenza A and 24 influenza B viruses recovered in a single season were an
176    Thus, the NB protein is not essential for influenza B virus replication in cell culture but promot
177 strate that the BM2 protein is essential for influenza B virus replication.
178 virus and 100% and 100% for the detection of influenza B virus, respectively, compared to viral cultu
179 or influenza A virus and 96.0% and 99.9% for influenza B virus, respectively.
180  with H1N1 and H5N1 and with H1N1, H3N2, and influenza B viruses, respectively.
181                             In a study of 62 influenza B virus samples from 19 countries, dating from
182 ing influenza A virus packaging signals onto influenza B virus segments, we rescued recombinant influ
183 he Directigen Flu A+B assay detected 9 of 16 influenza B viruses (sensitivity, 56.3%; specificity, 99
184 he INFLU A.B-Quick assay identified 10 of 16 influenza B viruses (sensitivity, 62.5%; specificity, 99
185  tool for user-provided influenza A virus or influenza B virus sequences.
186                                      Whether influenza B virus shares a similar selective packaging s
187  HPIV2, 5 HPIV3, 3 influenza A virus, and 10 influenza B virus specimens.
188                                              Influenza B viruses split into 2 distinct lineages in th
189    Cold-adapted (ca) B/Ann Arbor/1/66 is the influenza B virus strain master donor virus for FluMist,
190 es and salivary IgA to influenza A(H3N2) and influenza B virus strains as early as 14 days after vacc
191                                              Influenza B virus strains in trivalent influenza vaccine
192 -plexed assay for influenza virus typing and influenza B virus sublineage characterization was develo
193 ics system for the generation of recombinant influenza B virus that facilitates the generation of vac
194 r novel vaccine prototype uses an attenuated influenza B virus that has been manipulated to express t
195 e control, while the negative control was an influenza B virus that should not cross-protect against
196                             We studied three influenza B viruses that represent both the Yamagata (B/
197  the typing of 179 influenza A viruses and 3 influenza B viruses, the subtyping of 110 H1N1 (S-OIV; N
198                           When infected with influenza B virus, these mice cleared the virus in a pro
199  possible explanation for the restriction of influenza B virus to humans.
200  which to study the underlying mechanisms of influenza B virus transmission.
201 e inferred the phylogenetic history of human influenza B virus using complete genome sequences for wh
202 be used for the generation of high yields of influenza B virus vaccines expressing current HA and NA
203                  These studies indicate that influenza B virus variants selected in different host sy
204 icroscopy and immunohistochemical assays for influenza B virus, various bacterial pathogens, and comp
205 namics of the two co-circulating lineages of influenza B virus (Victoria and Yamagata), showing that
206 ynamics of the two cocirculating lineages of influenza B virus, Victoria and Yamagata, are poorly und
207  that the hemagglutinin of Vero cell-derived influenza B viruses was identical to that of MDCK-grown
208  the influenza A, influenza A 2009 H1N1, and influenza B viruses were 99.4%, 98.4%, and 100%, respect
209 influenza A virus subtypes H1N1 and H3N2 and influenza B viruses were detected in 329, 689, and 148 s
210 M2 is a small integral membrane protein from influenza B virus which forms proton-permeable channels.
211 unction of the ISG15 protein is inhibited by influenza B virus, which strongly induces the ISG15 prot
212                                              Influenza B viruses, which cause a highly contagious res
213 d childhood deaths are due to infection with influenza B viruses, which co-circulate in the human pop
214 ine, whereas no inhibition was observed with influenza B virus, whose NS1B protein lacks a binding si
215                   In addition, a recombinant influenza B virus with NS1 deleted induces higher levels
216                                              Influenza B viruses with a novel I221L substitution in n
217                            During 2010-2011, influenza B viruses with a novel neuraminidase substitut
218 re 71.3% for influenza A virus and 93.3% for influenza B virus, with specificities of 100% for both v
219  lineage assignment for 94% of 50 applicable influenza B viruses, with no false assignments.
220 y antigenic analysis of the hemagglutinin of influenza B viruses would fail to detect reassortants.
221                 Mismatch between circulating influenza B viruses (Yamagata and Victoria lineages) and

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