ライフサイエンスコーパス: innocuous

1 ined stimulation that is subthreshold (i.e., innocuous).

2 evaluating whether a stimulus is noxious or innocuous.

3 ile other aggregates appear to be relatively innocuous.

4 carries (ilvG rfb-50 rph-1) were considered innocuous.

5 ure stimuli, which normally are perceived as innocuous.

6 tes proved generally, with a few exceptions, innocuous.

7 the transgene-encoded protein is relatively innocuous.

8 n arrest, whereas a tyrosine substitution is innocuous.

9 arterial injuries, BVIs have been considered innocuous.

10 onal combustion cigarettes, but they are not innocuous.

11 roscopy often is considered to be relatively innocuous.

12 also central to noninflammatory clearance of innocuous agents.

13 ibrils are chemically indistinguishable from innocuous aggregates and monomeric precursors, their det

14 2), may promote adaptive immune responses to innocuous Ags that are not by themselves immunostimulato

15 led pathogens while maintaining tolerance to innocuous Ags.

16 lymphopoietin sensitized naive animals to an innocuous airway Ag OVA, which resulted in production of

17 y tone and preventing hyperresponsiveness to innocuous allergen.

18 inappropriately directed towards relatively innocuous allergens resulting in conditions including as

19 onal NIRS to evaluate brain activation to an innocuous and a noxious electrical stimulus on healthy h

20 eloped putative rat model of fibromyalgia to innocuous and acute nociceptive stimuli by applying a st

21 metal catalysts or ligands, and it produces innocuous and easy-to-remove by-products.

22 ly, integration of mechanosensory input from innocuous and nociceptive sensory neurons is required fo

23 that dietary exposure to the metabolites is innocuous and not an ideal measure of exposure to the pa

24 inal cord processing and reflex responses to innocuous and noxious colorectal stimuli in female rats

25 ll mice have strong deficits in responses to innocuous and noxious heat but not in other sensory moda

26 rn cells to single repetitive and persistent innocuous and noxious inputs are developmentally regulat

27 ere injected with estrogen, and responses to innocuous and noxious intensities of CRD were measured b

28 Neuronal and behavioral responses to innocuous and noxious mechanical stimulation were tested

29 - and off-cells in the RVM are sensitized to innocuous and noxious mechanical stimuli after nerve inj

30 Knowing the difference between innocuous and noxious mechanical stimuli is critical for

31 lations and hyperexcitable responsiveness to innocuous and noxious peripheral stimuli in unit recordi

32 arge, afterdischarge, hyperresponsiveness to innocuous and noxious peripheral stimuli, and expansion

33 channel activated by hot temperatures in the innocuous and noxious range.

34 For both innocuous and noxious stimuli, we observed a signal chan

35 responses of central nociceptive neurons to innocuous and noxious stimuli.

36 rn central nervous system analyzes cutaneous innocuous and noxious stimuli.

37 lations that transmit information about both innocuous and painful touch and inhibitory populations t

38 estinal epithelial cells are exposed to both innocuous and pathogenic microbes, which need to be dist

39 between self and non-self, but also between innocuous and pathological foreign antigens to prevent u

40 al and deeper T9-T10 spinal neurons received innocuous and/or noxious convergent inputs from mechanic

41 two distinct types of touch stimuli: gentle (innocuous) and harsh (noxious/painful) touch, however, t

42 d simultaneously B and T cell immunity to an innocuous antigen inhaled concurrently.

43 IgE levels and hypersensitivity to normally innocuous antigen, can manifest in practically any mucos

44 ipheral dendritic cells (DCs) that transport innocuous antigens (Ags) to the thymus for presentation

45 required to maintain local tolerance against innocuous antigens in the lung but powerfully licenses c

46 reventing inappropriate immune reactivity to innocuous antigens include deletion of reactive lymphocy

47 inappropriate responses to the background of innocuous antigens is essential for understanding and tr

48 r site where immune tolerance to circulating innocuous antigens occurs, the kidney also contributes.

49 The lung is exposed to a myriad of innocuous antigens on a daily basis and must maintain a

50 Allergens are mostly innocuous antigens that elicit powerful T helper cell ty

51 in a high threshold of immune 'ignorance' to innocuous antigens to avoid inflammatory disease that de

52 gulated to limit pathologic responses toward innocuous antigens while simultaneously allowing for rap

53 surrounding materials, including harmful and innocuous antigens, at the environmental interface.

54 Ingestion of innocuous antigens, including food proteins, normally re

55 prevent unwanted inflammation in response to innocuous antigens, while maintaining the ability to com

56 are tightly controlled to limit responses to innocuous antigens.

57 hways involved in the sustained tolerance to innocuous antigens.

58 involved in the maintenance of tolerance to innocuous antigens.

59 h IL-17 and IL-22 responses directed against innocuous antigens.

60 erizes the immune system against circulating innocuous antigens.

61 h Th2 adaptive immune responses triggered by innocuous antigens.

62 the control of autoimmunity and tolerance to innocuous antigens.

63 Though seemingly innocuous, appending nanoparticles with these radiolabel

64 They are usually considered sterile and innocuous as a result of nonsense-mediated mRNA decay.

65 of GABAergic neurons is important for gating innocuous as well as noxious information.

66 l resuscitative fluids may not be similar or innocuous, as demonstrated by the dose-related increase

67 s renders the lung susceptible to a normally innocuous Aspergillus fumigatus fungus challenge, due to

68 ter process potentially rendering previously innocuous B cells autoreactive.

69 ronic infection of the airways with normally innocuous bacteria and fungi.

70 ng pathogens without affecting beneficial or innocuous bacteria harboring DXR should be feasible.

71 e fewer spontaneous seizures with relatively innocuous behavioral disorders.

72 ntly facilitated dural and noxious pinch and innocuous brush evoked firing from the TCC.

73 ays, we investigated the effects of repeated innocuous brush on inflammation-induced spinal Fos prote

74 atory virus infection without illness is not innocuous but may determine the airway function of these

75 response to joint movement both noxious and innocuous, but only in the C-fibres was there an increas

76 se of their low oxidation potentials and the innocuous byproducts generated upon oxidation.

77 The eco-friendly, innocuous catalyst is compatible with a wide range of fu

78 otein-based) hardly distinguish between dead innocuous cells and their viable lethal counterparts.

79 induces atypical anoikis by transforming an innocuous cellular protein, Crk, into a cytotoxin, which

80 s the sequence of ARF, causing an apparently innocuous change near its carboxy terminus.

81 We reasoned that unlike innocuous channels, which are often short with multiple

82 Here we show, using the innocuous chemical 2,4-dinitrothiocyanobenzene (DNTB), t

83 t transforms toxic chlorite (ClO(2)(-)) into innocuous chloride and molecular oxygen.

84 enhanced sensitivity to mechanical force and innocuous cold temperatures.

85 istent with a potential TRPC5 function as an innocuous cold transducer in nociceptive and thermosenso

86 membrane currents evoked by both menthol and innocuous cold were significantly enhanced in the CCI gr

87 damage-triggered painful hypersensitivity to innocuous cold.

88 iveness of these neurons to both menthol and innocuous cold.

89 These results demonstrate that innocuous "cold" cornea thermoreceptors are activated by

90 These neurons were classified as innocuous "cold" thermoreceptors by their responses to s

91 The normally innocuous combination of aluminum and water becomes viol

92 also suggest the possibility that seemingly innocuous compounds may exert an adjuvant effect in huma

93 aromatic group in the derivative results in innocuous compounds, confirming that the aromatic-aromat

94 sors are uniformly responsive to menthol and innocuous cool temperature (17 degrees C), indicating th

95 ve endings mediating distinct perceptions of innocuous cool, noxious cold, and first- and second-cold

96 ary cold sensors in humans, are activated by innocuous cooling (<28 degrees C) and cooling compounds

97 sponded to thermal stimuli, 50% responded to innocuous cooling as well as noxious heat and cold, 31%

98 Axons from cells responsive to innocuous cooling terminated in the core region of VPL,

99 cheobronchial tree, currently believed to be innocuous, could serve as an inflammatory stimulus, inde

100 In a separate experiment, the response to innocuous CRD was sensitized in estrogen-treated rats bu

101 In D6-deficient mice, otherwise innocuous cutaneous inflammatory stimuli induce a grossl

102 relevant air-water interface shift from the innocuous dehydroascorbic acid at biological pH to a C(4

103 tain tolerance toward commensal bacteria and innocuous dietary antigens.

104 Combination of innocuous dietary components with anticancer drugs is an

105 micronucleation in response to an otherwise innocuous dose of paclitaxel.

106 thal murine ehrlichial infection compared to innocuous ehrlichial infection.

107 Once thought of as innocuous, emerging evidence suggests that calcification

108 Chemically innocuous enantiotopic methyl groups are utilized as pro

109 tetrachloroethene and trichloroethene to the innocuous end product, ethene.

110 tically useful way, yet that is structurally innocuous enough to preserve the pharmaceutical integrit

111 he development of aberrant responses against innocuous environmental Ags.

112 a is to maintain T cell tolerance to self or innocuous environmental antigens via its direct effects

113 IgE specific for innocuous environmental antigens, or allergens, binds an

114 xposed to a wide spectrum of fungi including innocuous environmental organisms, opportunistic pathoge

115 before infection, tolerance were induced to innocuous environmental proteins as well as self antigen

116 ve immune responses to ubiquitous, otherwise innocuous environmental proteins.

117 d organs, capturing self antigens as well as innocuous environmental proteins.

118 ssues, as distinguished from ubiquitous, but innocuous, environmental mycobacteria.

119 This seemingly innocuous feature challenges our current understanding o

120 e between potentially invasive pathogens and innocuous food proteins.

121 ot retain DPA during heat or acid treatments innocuous for dormant spores, resulting in DPA-less spor

122 overlapping N- and O-glycosylation sites are innocuous for subunit biogenesis; however, mutation of T

123 vents pathological inflammatory responses to innocuous foreign antigens by peripheral regulatory T ce

124 Coins have long been considered innocuous foreign bodies in the gastrointestinal tracts

125 pathogenic mutation or an equally rare, yet innocuous, genetic bystander.

126 we will need to learn to distinguish between innocuous genomic aberrations and those that may cause t

127 -lethal dose of Destruxin A and the normally innocuous Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli, showe

128 tolerance induction in mice to the prototype innocuous hapten DNTB and suggest that strategies target

129 Therefore, the combination of ATRA and innocuous HDAC inhibitors may be expected to facilitate

130 Skin inflammation causes innocuous heat to become painful.

131 al levels of "low innocuous heat," "moderate innocuous heat," "high innocuous heat," "low painful hea

132 uous heat," "moderate innocuous heat," "high innocuous heat," "low painful heat," "moderate painful h

133 , corresponding to perceptual levels of "low innocuous heat," "moderate innocuous heat," "high innocu

134 om scans during equally intense but normally innocuous heating of capsaicin-treated skin.

135 ilic cyclopropane of the colibactins into an innocuous hydrolysis product.

136 ways catalyzes oxidation of SCN(-) to tissue-innocuous hypothiocyanite (OSCN(-)), while consuming H(2

137 ical and chemical insults that are otherwise innocuous in healthy subjects or in patients with COPD,

138 ng immunocompromised hosts, for example, are innocuous in immune-competent individuals, and other mic

139 electrical forepaw stimulation, found to be innocuous in the control group.

140 system are relatively minor and, we predict, innocuous in vivo.

141 innate immune deviations following otherwise innocuous infections as a cause underlying the immune de

142 c immune deviations in response to otherwise innocuous infections have not been extensively explored.

143 milar to those involved in the processing of innocuous information and may be critically involved in

144 an adjuvant to allergically sensitize to an innocuous inhaled Ag.

145 onment, and in health, instruct tolerance to innocuous inhaled particles while ensuring that efficien

146 lated strong allergic airway responses to an innocuous inhaled protein, ovalbumin (OVA).

147 es are stable in air, and the byproducts are innocuous inorganic salts.

148 cant role in modulation of mechanosensitive, innocuous input than in nociception.

149 Pains which develop after an innocuous insult may be associated with slowly evolving

150 f ligands that can bind it amid an excess of innocuous ions in aqueous solution.

151 While it is normally innocuous, it has strong associations with atopic dermat

152 ile Mycobacterium avium was once regarded as innocuous, its high frequency as a cause of disseminated

153 , it is difficult to reconcile the seemingly innocuous kinetic alterations in I1768V as measured duri

154 ctive BCR through the expression of a second innocuous L chain.

155 cilitate integration, maintain an apparently innocuous latency, and/or establish conditions that are

156 late-onset pains which develop slowly after innocuous lesions may be associated with a variety of sl

157 , whereas hyperplastic polyps were viewed as innocuous lesions with no potential for progression to m

158 ependent increased sensitivity to a normally innocuous level of acetylcholine, which now also causes

159 llular signaling pathways, enabling normally innocuous levels of immune mediators to produce chronic

160 sal horn that are important for transmitting innocuous light touch sensation.

161 ynamic mechanical hyperalgesia, i.e. pain to innocuous light touching, is a symptom of painful neurop

162 Mechanical allodynia, induced by normally innocuous low-threshold mechanical stimulation, represen

163 tly raised the question of whether seemingly innocuous materials such as carbon-based nanotubes shoul

164 activation in the trigeminal ganglion during innocuous mechanical (brush) and noxious thermal (46 deg

165 ement of the response of lamina V neurons to innocuous mechanical and thermal stimuli.

166 KO mice demonstrated decreased thresholds to innocuous mechanical and to noxious thermal stimuli, ind

167 racterized by their responses to noxious and innocuous mechanical facial stimulation.

168 t reduction in the threshold for escape from innocuous mechanical pressure (allodynia) and a reductio

169 injured animals exhibited novel responses to innocuous mechanical stimulation, and enhanced responses

170 hat alter Fos protein expression produced by innocuous mechanical stimulation.

171 xamined neurons responded to noxious but not innocuous mechanical stimuli applied to their cutaneous

172 Finally, 8-pCPT sensitizes responses to innocuous mechanical stimuli without changing the electr

173 the skin and greatly heightened responses to innocuous mechanical stimuli.

174 fensive behavior in response to a previously innocuous mechanical stimulus).

175 To discern virulent from innocuous microbes, the innate immune system senses even

176 bout how animals discriminate pathogens from innocuous microbes.

177 We first show that seemingly innocuous modifications to the task structure can induce

178 The more innocuous nature of long-wavelength light (>400nm) and i

179 Thus, the innocuous nature of SFV infection can be explained by re

180 tase catalyzes the conversion of toxic NO to innocuous nitrate.

181 ve the native ribonucleosides along with the innocuous nitrile side product.

182 noise, which damages hair cells, but not to innocuous noise, in neurons of the cochlear nucleus, but

183 gut must distinguish enteric pathogens from innocuous non-self Ag derived from food or commensal bac

184 Immune tolerance to both self-antigens and innocuous non-self-antigens is essential to protect the

185 piratory epithelial cells, converts normally innocuous NTHi OMP into potent inflammatory stimulants,

186 on interaction in negative mood states turns innocuous odors aversive, fueling anxiety and depression

187 -syn aggregates and induced the formation of innocuous oligomeric intermediates.

188 formatics analyses identified the relatively innocuous omega-3 fatty acid DHA (docosahexaenoic acid),

189 and pathogenic protein aggregates from more innocuous ones are poorly understood.

190 vity to mechanical stimuli that are normally innocuous or mildly painful (mechanical allodynia and hy

191 esia is characterized by hypersensitivity to innocuous or noxious stimuli during sustained opiate adm

192 17 thermally tested neurons, 16 responded to innocuous or noxious thermal stimuli.

193 lpha(+/lacZ) reporter mice expressing either innocuous or self-specific knocked in BCRs, beta-gal was

194 ticles, under DC potentials, when additional innocuous particles are used as fillers.

195 identified missense changes are likely to be innocuous passenger mutations or polymorphisms.

196 Distinguishing such "driver" mutations from innocuous "passenger" events is critical for prioritizin

197 under biologically relevant conditions with innocuous peptide byproducts.

198 emotional responses are evoked by seemingly innocuous perceptual stimuli.

199 autolysosomes where they are processed from innocuous precursors into neo-antimicrobial peptides, ex

200 This is not an innocuous problem.

201 TR) is used to catalyze the reduction of the innocuous prodrug metrodinazole (Mtz), thereby producing

202 This enzyme converts the innocuous prodrug metronidazole (MTZ) to a cytotoxin.

203 Because common thiosulfate salts are innocuous products (e.g., fertilizers) and the reaction

204 solvents and various other contaminants into innocuous products.

205 posure to NO2, followed by inhalation of the innocuous protein Ag, OVA, would result in allergen sens

206 Mice sensitized to an innocuous protein using TLR ligands or house dust extrac

207 nd promote allergic sensitization to inhaled innocuous proteins in vivo.

208 n, including the transformation of initially innocuous proteins into oligomers and fibrils.

209 e based on producing a self-replicating, but innocuous PrP(Sc)-like form, termed anti-prion, which ca

210 In its native state, the prion protein is innocuous (PrPC), but it can misfold into a neurotoxic a

211 g fine details to distinguish V-weapons from innocuous pylons.

212 ublished a landmark paper asking a seemingly innocuous question: what can we extract about the outsid

213 Cold sensing in the innocuous range of cold (>10-15 degrees C) in the mammal

214 uggested to mediate cold transduction in the innocuous range.

215 Distinguishing pathogenic mutations from innocuous rare variants is critical to the interpretatio

216 he nanoconjugation cannot be construed as an innocuous reaction involved in attaching the targeting a

217 A catalytic Mitsunobu reaction using innocuous reagents to recycle these by-products would ov

218 onmental contaminants, i.e., PFCs, utilizing innocuous reagents, naturally occurring materials and mi

219 toward developing efficient strategies using innocuous reagents.

220 Moreover, immature B cells carrying an innocuous receptor have sustained elevation of PIP3 leve

221 In immature B cells carrying innocuous receptors, RAG expression appears to be under

222 ited by the lack of reliable methods for the innocuous recovery of surface captured cells.

223 hisker's functional representation following innocuous removal of all neighboring whiskers.

224 ributed to the presence of large numbers of 'innocuous' resident bacteria that dilute or occupy niche

225 ew tetraphenylethene (TPE) conjugates via an innocuous route led to the revelation of a unique TPE-ba

226 that this compound affects neurons mediating innocuous sensations.

227 tical roles in the processing of noxious and innocuous sensory information.

228 scles in the hand and forearm in response to innocuous sensory stimulation to the feet and legs, but

229 Icilin increased both innocuous (sham-operated and SNL rats) and noxious (SNL

230 contrast, anticipation and extinction of the innocuous somatic stimulus failed to show that effect.

231 ry and secondary somatosensory cortices) and innocuous somatosensory perception (primary and secondar

232 long-lasting, or repetitive short-duration, innocuous sounds.

233 were characterized by mechanical noxious and innocuous stimulation of the ipsilateral ophthalmic derm

234 tization of central neurons so that normally innocuous stimuli activate pain signalling neurons or co

235 charge of VMM neurons changes in response to innocuous stimuli and during situations unrelated to noc

236 s, most noxious (painful) stimuli as well as innocuous stimuli are detected by spinal afferent neuron

237 s spontaneously and responses to noxious and innocuous stimuli are pathologically amplified.

238 itecture in which nociceptive, pruritic, and innocuous stimuli are processed by distinct molecularly

239 generalization of conditioned fear, in which innocuous stimuli elicit alarm.

240 populations that serve as a gate to prevent innocuous stimuli from activating the nociceptive and pr

241 w infants begin to discriminate noxious from innocuous stimuli is a fundamental question in neuroscie

242 uced nociceptive thresholds so that normally innocuous stimuli produce pain.

243 the mechanical hypersensitivity to normally innocuous stimuli that accompanies inflammation, nerve i

244 ransmission of noxious (painful) stimuli and innocuous stimuli that do not reach conscious sensations

245 tem needs to distinguish between harmful and innocuous stimuli to adapt its activation to the level o

246 introduction of hypersensitivity to normally innocuous stimuli, pain may also aid in repair after tis

247 ated by myelinated afferents that respond to innocuous stimuli, which suggests that injury-induced me

248 pain sensation to moderately noxious or even innocuous stimuli.

249 nia, a condition wherein pain is produced by innocuous stimuli.

250 itized responses to both noxious or normally innocuous stimuli.

251 tensity mechanical stimuli without affecting innocuous stimuli.

252 crises that occur in response to ordinarily innocuous stimuli.

253 s of nociceptors so that they now respond to innocuous stimuli: the phenomenon of peripheral sensitiz

254 s, and allodynia, a pain-like response to an innocuous stimulus like touch.

255 Pavlovian conditioning results when an innocuous stimulus, such as an odour, is paired with a b

256 imuli without affecting their response to an innocuous stimulus.

257 nt potentially toxic free fatty acids toward innocuous storage triglyceride in the liver.

258 o cross-reactivity with the other relatively innocuous strains studied.

259 ion of pathogens and minimize stimulation by innocuous substances and self-antigen.

260 allergens, which typically are intrinsically innocuous substances common in the environment, results

261 Administration of this innocuous supernutrient results in many beneficial effec

262 We mutated an innocuous surface residue to cysteine and labeled separa

263 hind paws to noxious heat (Hargreaves test), innocuous tactile (von Frey filaments), and cooling (ace

264 Mechanical allodynia, the perception of innocuous tactile stimulation as painful, is a severe sy

265 a persistent neuropathic pain state in which innocuous tactile stimulation elicits pain behavior (tac

266 at primary afferent C-fibres that respond to innocuous tactile stimuli are important in the sensation

267 cle traversal through cellular cytoplasm was innocuous, the full impact remained unknown.

268 s and smaller populations of cells detecting innocuous thermal and light tactile stimuli.

269 uited to evaluate pain from pairs of noxious/innocuous thermal stimuli during different spatial atten

270 ive neurons can be divided into two classes: innocuous thermosensors (warm or cool) and noxious therm

271 that downregulate CES (e.g., OVSAHO) but are innocuous to a hepatocyte that overexpresses CES (HepG2)

272 ne, the unphosphorylated D-tetrapeptides are innocuous to all the cell lines, the mono- and diphospho

273 y neurons in a dose-dependent manner, but is innocuous to astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes

274 mtDNA) were once thought to be predominantly innocuous to cell growth.

275 oncentrations, the precursors themselves are innocuous to cells, but they double or triple the activi

276 Notably, while the l-peptide is relatively innocuous to cells, the d-peptide exerts a prolonged ant

277 d that these proteins remain soluble and are innocuous to D. discoideum, in contrast to other organis

278 heme in the metamorphosis of a bacteria from innocuous to pathogenic.

279 Although innocuous to some, common antigens can cause serious all

280 doses of risperidone and haloperidol may be innocuous to subsequent recovery after traumatic brain i

281 KO mice actively avoided a stimulus that was innocuous to wild-type controls, a sign of tactile defen

282 The first step leading to perception of innocuous touch is activation of cutaneous sensory neuro

283 Innocuous touch of the skin is detected by distinct popu

284 in both humans and animal models, such that innocuous touch produces pain.

285 reshold mechanoreceptor subtypes involved in innocuous touch sensation.

286 to diverse stimuli, including the seemingly innocuous touch stimulus [1-4].

287 The nanoprobe shows an innocuous toxicity profile and sustained retention in tu

288 In turn, these proteins, although innocuous under normal physiological conditions, enhance

289 ne, a precursor of vitamin A, was considered innocuous until recently, when it was found to also inte

290 mutations from similarly rare yet presumably innocuous variants.

291 ediate nor inevitable, as illustrated by the innocuous versus destructive infiltrates of BDC2.5 trans

292 model for the CD4(+) T cell response to an "innocuous" versus "dangerous" exogenous Ag and developed

293 o lethal intranasal infection by the usually innocuous vesicular stomatitis virus, and also display i

294 ole for infection with reovirus, a seemingly innocuous virus, in triggering the development of CeD.

295 3 has a unique threshold: It is activated at innocuous (warm) temperatures and shows an increased res

296 linearly encoded the temperature of graded, innocuous warming stimuli with a sensitivity of 2.1 Hz x

297 expressed in chemosensors, flies respond to innocuous warming with regurgitation, a nocifensive resp

298 TRPA1 responds to both noxious chemicals and innocuous warming, we find that TRPA1-expressing chemose

299 though hepatic MTP deficiency appeared to be innocuous, we hypothesized that a blockade in very low d

300 k of severe Vibrio infections from seemingly innocuous wounds acquired in a salt water environment.