ライフサイエンスコーパス: instrumental

1 throughout acquisition and performance of an instrumental action sequence task.

2 nomies of "discursive" (argument-based) and "instrumental" (action-based) industry strategies and fro

3 ion in fed mice promotes feeding and learned instrumental actions to obtain food reward [5-8].

4 disease cases more commonly had problems in instrumental activities of daily functioning, and more f

5 al (CI): 2.30, 18.55) and >/=1 impairment in Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) (aOR = 2.

6 self-reported disability by the Lawton-Brody Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) Questionn

7 2 mo) and with greater odds of disability in instrumental activities of daily living (P = 0.04 at 3 m

8 than that with a reading-related measure of instrumental activities of daily living (r = -0.60) (P <

9 ford Health Assessment Questionnaire, Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale), potentia

10 The Activities of Daily Living and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scales and the P

11 nctional status (activities of daily living, instrumental activities of daily living), improvement an

12 CI 60.5-62.1] to 63.2 [61.5-64.5], p=0.0416; instrumental activities of daily living, 63.0 [62.4-63.7

13 % CI 62.3-63.6] to 64.8 [63.6-65.7], p=0.01; instrumental activities of daily living, 63.5 [63.0-64.0

14 y mobility loss, difficulty with one or more instrumental activities of daily living, and difficulty

15 hs post-discharge, we assessed vital status, instrumental activities of daily living, basic activitie

16 more impaired by gait speed, difficulty with Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, exhaustion, and

17 laint to their physician, limitations in one instrumental activity of daily living, or slow gait spee

18 ers, including their proteolysis indices and instrumental adhesiveness.

19 Frailty, activities of daily living (ADL)/instrumental ADL (IADL) disability, Centers for Epidemio

20 tations in performing any ADL and 11% in any instrumental ADL only.

21 mum follow-up of 20 years, and impairment in instrumental ADLs (IADLs), defined similarly.

22 The number of ADLs and instrumental ADLs (range, 0-12) that the participant cou

23 f daily living (ADLs), (2) any disability in instrumental ADLs but not in ADL, or (3) no disability,

24 suring activities of daily living [ADLs] and instrumental ADLs).

25 roperties with the end-goal of developing an instrumental analysis approach complementary to human se

26 Instrumental analysis method such as GC/MS is sensitive

27 limits and substantial matrix effects at the instrumental analysis stage, requiring matrix-matched ca

28 for the solid-phase extraction procedure and instrumental analysis using liquid chromatography-tandem

29 n of precious metal minerals at the scale of instrumental analytical beam footprints.

30 She is independent in all of her instrumental and basic activities of daily living and de

31 onal diabetes, pre-eclampsia, preterm birth, instrumental and caesarean births, infections, and post-

32 large earthquakes at timescales longer than instrumental and historical records is based mostly on p

33 components analysis (PCA) was applied to the instrumental and sensory analysis data to visualize diff

34 age in a microfluidic cell is a novel, fully instrumental approach toward protein analysis and eventu

35 range as well as exclusion of expression and instrumental artifacts are critical for the quantitation

36 biosensors are susceptible to expression and instrumental artifacts.

37 ese findings reveal the temporal dynamics of instrumental behavior and suggest that avoidance motivat

38 triatopallidal neurons and are implicated in instrumental behavior control.

39 eceptor antagonist SCH23390 had no effect on instrumental behavior under any reinforcement schedule t

40 integral role in our day-to-day choices and instrumental behavior, and a diminished willingness to e

41 fects of reward expectation or obtainment on instrumental behavior.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Theoretical

42 ehavioural activation, exertion of effort in instrumental behaviour, and effort-related decision-maki

43 ng victims as not completely human-increases instrumental, but not moral, violence.

44 To investigate this function, we studied instrumental choice behavior in mice lacking GPR88, a st

45 ffort and energy density information guiding instrumental choice.

46 ong C. tetragona shoot length chronology and instrumental climate records from the three nearest mete

47 ny High Arctic sites by short and fragmented instrumental climate records.

48 ct on the pH, moisture, protein, fat, fiber, instrumental color values and texture profiles of nugget

49 The changes in instrumental color, soluble solids content and pH were n

50 cyanins, and to quantify FOS, organic acids, instrumental color, soluble solids, pH and antioxidant c

51 ded in respiration rate, ripening index, and instrumental colour values in case of the coated samples

52 bitual or model-free system in the domain of instrumental conditioning and a similar dichotomy in the

53 conditioned stimulus are reinforced through instrumental conditioning.

54 to address the numerous samples and varying instrumental conditions is to utilize a flow injection a

55 on of sample preparation procedures and also instrumental conditions of analytical techniques for det

56 Therefore, even in an instrumental context when information and reward gains a

57 lity distributions - as an index of flexible instrumental control, and assess the influence of this n

58 matched to the active condition, but without instrumental control.

59 have long assay times, large sizes, and high instrumental cost.

60 agnostic Parkinson's disease, impairments in instrumental daily activities, which require both motor

61 relationships over the period with available instrumental data (1950-2012) between a 102-year-long C.

62 These results indicate that instrumental data fusion can be useful for the identific

63 However, most of these studies are based on instrumental data largely collected from the eastern TP,

64 onmental stressors and the lack of long-term instrumental data often impede analyses attempting to as

65 % confidence interval [CI] 0.90 to 0.98) and instrumental delivery (15.6% versus 17.0%, adj. OR 0.92;

66 The new instrumental design and data output are evaluated and il

67 ec absorbance data for small but significant instrumental differences.

68 Here, we use instrumental divergence - the degree to which alternativ

69 correction of intensity artifacts caused by instrumental drifts was possible, but not those resultin

70 gnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has been instrumental during the past two decades in providing hi

71 tivational biases reflect both Pavlovian and instrumental effects: reward and punishment cues promote

72 However, choice is also influenced by non-instrumental factors, most strikingly by biases arising

73 multifunctional CD8(+) T cell responses are instrumental for avoiding the more severe manifestations

74 The algorithm is instrumental for biologists to learn the hierarchical re

75 s about certain aspects of observed actions, instrumental for causal investigations into the neural c

76 on favors brain insulin resistance, which is instrumental for cognitive and metabolic impairments in

77 arge-scale forward genetic screens have been instrumental for identifying genes that regulate develop

78 r, we found that, the STAT1-IRF1 pathway was instrumental for IDO1 expression in RET/PTC3 expressing

79 Knockdown of MeCP2 shows it is instrumental for splicing and inhibits Tet1 and CTCF bin

80 ant chemical biology innovations that can be instrumental for studying GPCRs.

81 oteome regulation in eukaryotes that will be instrumental for the development of type III secretion i

82 in bundling/cross-linking protein plastin is instrumental for the generation of potent cortical actom

83 Cadavers have also proven instrumental for the measurement of artifacts and nonneu

84 non-canonical cleavage at Ala-470-Asn-471 is instrumental for the onset of catalysis in sigmaPre2, wh

85 We show that glycolysis was instrumental for their migration and was initiated by pr

86 elucidating the role of this receptor may be instrumental for understanding neurogenesis during eye d

87 of the latent Factor D conformation and was instrumental for understanding the binding requirements

88 This clock will be instrumental for understanding the biology of ageing and

89 ractices where victims are harmed to achieve instrumental goals, including sweatshop labor, animal ex

90 nt 30-year periodicity, consistent with the instrumental, historical and proxy-based rainfall record

91 iew of recombinant drug products and will be instrumental in a wide area of biological research.

92 stinct but interdependent signaling cascades instrumental in adaptive responses.

93 Selective stopping tasks have been instrumental in addressing this question.

94 The advent of myelin was instrumental in advancing the nervous system during vert

95 ations are coupled and the coupling might be instrumental in aligning temporally the initiation of th

96 The surge infrastructure has also been instrumental in building local capacity; supporting othe

97 Marine algae are instrumental in carbon cycling and atmospheric carbon di

98 ne (C-C motif) receptor 2(-) macrophages are instrumental in coronary development where they are requ

99 Cellular solids are instrumental in creating lightweight, strong, and damage

100 roader mechanism by which negative affect is instrumental in creating positive appreciation of artwor

101 bility.IMPORTANCE Genetic analyses have been instrumental in deciphering the temporal events of many

102 C3(-/-) and C3aR(-/-) mice have been instrumental in defining important roles of the C3a/C3aR

103 hroughput characterization of RNAs, has been instrumental in defining pathogenic signatures in human

104 fied three SpGAPDH lysine residues that were instrumental in defining the kinetic and thermodynamic p

105 ting that diastolic vortex ring formation is instrumental in defining the shape of the heart.

106 ral role in the Acid Rain debates, as it was instrumental in demonstrating industrial emissions cause

107 information from influenza virus genomes is instrumental in determining mechanisms underpinning anti

108 rt of vaccine licensure.A ZIKV CHIM could be instrumental in determining which of the many ZIKV vacci

109 In addition, metabolome studies have been instrumental in disclosing the contributions of major pa

110 They will be instrumental in discovering and characterizing their des

111 o prolonged invasion by exotic plants may be instrumental in distinguishing the role of plant-microbe

112 Alveolar type II epithelial cells (ATII) are instrumental in early wound healing in response to lung

113 ations as reaction intermediates, and he was instrumental in establishing NMR spectroscopy as a stand

114 IL-23 is instrumental in expanding extrathymically generated gamm

115 hitecture, regulation and assembly - will be instrumental in expediting natural product discovery.

116 the succinyltransferase activity of KAT2A is instrumental in histone succinylation, tumour cell proli

117 Mathematical modeling has been instrumental in identifying common principles of cell po

118 While cancer genome sequencing has been instrumental in identifying the genomic alterations that

119 This activation is instrumental in inducing Kruppel-like factor 2 and sever

120 Macrophages (Mfs) are instrumental in maintaining immune homeostasis in the in

121 generation sequencing technologies should be instrumental in mapping the specific junctions of mosaic

122 thophysiological features of AMD and will be instrumental in mechanistic understanding and developmen

123 by sensing adenine nucleotides, and are thus instrumental in mediating pulsatile insulin secretion.

124 12, which forms a salt-bridge with Asp8, are instrumental in modulating the position of the DNA recog

125 bound to the entire FSHR ectodomain has been instrumental in more clearly defining the role of this d

126 ivation of the stress kinases p38 and JNK is instrumental in neuronal death by oxidative stress.

127 Fabricated tissue phantoms are instrumental in optical in-vitro investigations concerni

128 ly 2016 to identify recommendations that are instrumental in preparing IRBs to review protocols relat

129 Network interactions are likely to be instrumental in processes underlying rapid perception an

130 Experimental model systems have been instrumental in rapidly advancing our understanding of Z

131 Non-human organisms have proven instrumental in revealing biological mechanisms.

132 ity and co-occurrence of mutations, has been instrumental in studying the disease.

133 ations are coupled and the coupling might be instrumental in temporally aligning the initiation of th

134 Transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) is instrumental in TH17 cell differentiation by cooperating

135 found in marine acanthomorphs that have been instrumental in the adaptive radiation of this group in

136 lity of porphyrinoids has been documented as instrumental in the designing or redesigning of macrocyc

137 ation can drive genomic alterations that are instrumental in the development of cancers and many huma

138 the immune response and their activation is instrumental in the development of cognitive impairment.

139 se against infection and cancer but also are instrumental in the development of many autoimmune disea

140 Caenorhabditis elegans has been particularly instrumental in the effort to understand TEI, as multipl

141 Establishing apical-basal polarity is instrumental in the functional shaping of a solitary lum

142 ons in innate and adaptive immunity that are instrumental in the maintenance of hepatic homeostasis.

143 universal cyclic-di-GMP second messenger is instrumental in the switch from a motile lifestyle to re

144 changes in different organisms and has been instrumental in the understanding of human disease.

145 Biomphalaria snails are instrumental in transmission of the human blood fluke Sc

146 The proposed model is expected to be instrumental in understanding the fundamental physics th

147 They are instrumental in vertebrate cognition and their dysfuncti

148 whether, and how, neurons encode choices of instrumental information, in contexts in which the infor

149 carried out (two runs were discarded due to instrumental issue), resulting in the detection and rela

150 productive at improving our understanding of instrumental learning as well as dopaminergic and striat

151 into contributions of not only Pavlovian and instrumental learning but also habit learning, to avoida

152 angle the impact of reward and punishment on instrumental learning from Pavlovian response biasing.

153 Instrumental learning is a fundamental process through w

154 Instrumental learning is mediated by goal-directed and h

155 onal biases may also arise from asymmetrical instrumental learning of active and passive responses fo

156 We found that instrumental learning performance was significantly wors

157 ncluding temporal discount, outcome utility, instrumental learning rate, instrumental outcome sensiti

158 imulation (STN-DBS), while they performed an instrumental learning task involving financial rewards a

159 minimize physical efforts in a probabilistic instrumental learning task.

160 Whether stress impacts on instrumental learning via these Pavlovian associations i

161 volved separate, domain-specific systems for instrumental learning.

162 in the DLS had relatively limited effects on instrumental learning.

163 from shifting from goal-directed to habitual instrumental lever pressing.

164 als were still significantly higher than the instrumental limit of quantitation (S/N 10).

165 Instrumental limits of detection in the range of 14-53ng

166 esults in a residual correlation between the instrumental-mass-fractionation-corrected (182)W/(184)W

167 The terms instrumental ME and global ME were introduced, and the t

168 this paper, we describe a simple, automated instrumental method, temperature-assisted on-column solu

169 esting by more specific yet lower throughput instrumental methods.

170 e information when examined through multiple instrumental methods.

171 vered amusics showed increased activation to instrumental music in bilateral frontoparietal areas at

172 areas compared to non-amusic patients during instrumental music listening.

173 d natural vocal music (sung with lyrics) and instrumental music stimuli to uncover brain activation a

174 nd left frontoparietal attention networks to instrumental music.

175 of mercury and selenium were measured using instrumental neutron activation analyses.

176 semination of mass standards was measured by instrumental neutron activation analysis to check the pu

177 ith a multianalytical approach (petrography, instrumental neutron activation analysis, laser ablation

178 ing a relative measurement protocol based on instrumental neutron activation analysis.

179 The instrumental optimization parameters become far more imp

180 es of chemotherapy, requirements of adjuvant instrumental or surgical procedures, and organ supports

181 s relies on urgent chemotherapy and eventual instrumental or surgical procedures, combined with advan

182 outcome utility, instrumental learning rate, instrumental outcome sensitivity, reward-loss trade-offs

183 following stimulation, due to modulation of instrumental outcome sensitivity.

184 index and delta(15)N values in guano for the instrumental period, we reconstructed NAO-like phases ba

185 ed that the reinforcing event underlying the instrumental phase should be conceived in terms of cellu

186 ng the chemical selectivity benefits of this instrumental platform.

187 n gas-phase behavior, lipid composition, and instrumental polarity was investigated to determine the

188 und 10 ps and a few ns (corresponding to the instrumental range).

189 greenhouse gas concentrations rise, but the instrumental record of central Pacific sea-surface tempe

190 Weakening of the NAO in the instrumental record of the NAO have been associated with

191 To augment the relatively short instrumental record, we use output from the Community Ea

192 -magnitude floods available for study in the instrumental record.

193 Instrumental records show a recent increase in coastal A

194 ted states are undetected because of limited instrumental resolution.

195 ggest that IL activity immediately after the instrumental response during extinction learning of coca

196 eurons in MFC, but not OFC, that encoded the instrumental response that monkeys made on each trial.

197 ssing is required to deal with variations in instrumental responses and intrinsic spectral background

198 MFC also showed increased encoding of the instrumental responses that monkeys made on each trial.

199 We overtrained participants on a simple instrumental reward learning task where geometric cues p

200 tivity of the metabolic enzyme PGK1 plays an instrumental role and reveals the significance of the mu

201 s CXXC domain with CpG-rich regions plays an instrumental role for chromatin targeting and subsequent

202 c interactions between bilateral SMA play an instrumental role in CE and that the structural integrit

203 le LTx recipients, which could suggest their instrumental role in the initiation of BOS process and p

204 Theory and computations have played an instrumental role in understanding the molecular mechani

205 ent studies indicate that cell dynamics play instrumental roles in neural pattern refinement and prog

206 es, in particular macrophages, where LAP has instrumental roles in the clearance of extracellular par

207 ing, require sample pre-treatment, high cost instrumental set-up and experienced personnel to operate

208 The technical concept and basic instrumental setup, as well as the general operation of

209 A new instrumental setup, combining laser ablation (LA) with a

210 and maintenance of a cued, reward-motivated instrumental task and extinction from this task.

211 Reinforcement learning (RL) in simple instrumental tasks is usually modeled as a monolithic pr

212 further validated a recently developed novel instrumental technique, using quadrupole time-of-flight

213 Three instrumental techniques, headspace-mass spectrometry (HS

214 The analysis of 2-AP by instrumental techniques, particularly gas chromatography

215 An accurate control of the instrumental temperature and of the sample pH endows an

216 Proximate composition, pH, acidity, instrumental texture profile, total phenolic content (TP

217 The upper limit is a combination of the instrumental time resolution and the dissociation time o

218 data, we anticipate that this study will be instrumental to allow the structural description of many

219 This analysis is instrumental to assess stem cell performance; however, s

220 , its efficient identification in genomes is instrumental to characterize the utilization of Sec acro

221 In vitro studies were instrumental to demonstrating the role of ang II in indu

222 eir single-crystal X-ray structures has been instrumental to enable advanced molecular understanding

223 Sleeping Beauty transposon has become highly instrumental to induce tumors in experimental animals in

224 n activated dendritic cells (DCs), which are instrumental to initiate T cell responses, remained elus

225 Although instrumental to interrogating the complex composition of

226 How chromatin modifiers instrumental to its activity are recruited to Snail-spec

227 n followed by sequencing (ChIP-seq) has been instrumental to our current view of chromatin structure

228 models combined with our built-in ASEs were instrumental to our second place ranking on Template Bas

229 XCR1(+) DCs were instrumental to promote this function upon secondary cha

230 e swelling properties have been particularly instrumental to realizing signal transduction in biosens

231 ced X-box binding protein 1 (sXBP1) axis and instrumental to the adaptation to AKI associated with en

232 formation, and imply that these patterns are instrumental to the brain's capacity for odor categoriza

233 The silaffin peptide R5 is instrumental to the mineralization of silica cell walls

234 minants of inherited skin disorders has been instrumental to the understanding of epidermal function,

235 electrical polarization in ferroelectrics is instrumental to their applications in information-storag

236 MTL1 will be instrumental to understand the multifunctionality of PPR

237 ble-strand breaks (DSBs) along the genome is instrumental to understanding genomic fragility, but cur

238 esponsible for APC adaptation to hypoxia and instrumental to vascular repair.

239 Although in vitro studies are an instrumental tool, in vivo studies allow observation of

240 Then, using the Pavlovian-instrumental transfer paradigm, we assessed the effects

241 seeking decisions as assayed by Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer.

242 Pavlovian manner, whereas outcomes enhanced instrumental (un)learning of chosen actions.

243 associated with a slightly increased risk of instrumental vaginal delivery (adjRR 1.06; 95% CI 1.01-1

244 d to higher-quality facilities), we employed instrumental variable (IV) analysis to estimate the asso

245 Instrumental variable (IV) methods provide unbiased trea

246 udin with UFH, propensity score matching and instrumental variable (IV) methods with operator prefere

247 score of 62 RA risk SNPs (p < 5 * 10(-8)) as instrumental variable (IV).

248 Effect sizes estimated by instrumental variable analyses were OR=1.07 (95% CI: 1.0

249 probability weighting propensity scores and instrumental variable analyses were used to investigate

250 If epidemiologists pursue such instrumental variable analyses, using the amount of an u

251 birth weight on educational attainment using instrumental variable analysis based on single nucleotid

252 We used instrumental variable analysis based on two single nucle

253 An instrumental variable analysis demonstrated no associati

254 stment approaches, it is never certain if an instrumental variable analysis eliminates bias.Although

255 Genetic instrumental variable analysis of alterations in methyla

256 Results of the instrumental variable analysis suggested that, among mar

257 We performed an instrumental variable analysis that incorporated clinici

258 We performed a Mendelian randomization with instrumental variable analysis to estimate a cohort-spec

259 Separate-sample instrumental variable analysis with genetic instruments

260 ht, -0.004 grade, 95% CI: -0.04, 0.04) using instrumental variable analysis, although conventional re

261 tors may bias the results.A second approach, instrumental variable analysis, relies on identifying a

262 In the instrumental variable analysis, the use of ACDs was asso

263 Analysis of PCT use by instrumental variable and difference-in-difference analy

264 edit (EITC) on child development and used an instrumental variable approach to estimate the potential

265 Using an instrumental variable approach, we developed an instrume

266 atients undergoing transfemoral PCI using an instrumental variable approach.

267 ic physiological functions of melatonin, but instrumental variable effect estimates were significant

268 Age- and sex-adjusted instrumental variable estimates for the causal associati

269 Instrumental variable estimates indicated that T2D incre

270 e (P=0.03) and a significant decrease in the instrumental variable estimator for eGFR (P<0.01) in a M

271 es were conducted with a genetic score as an instrumental variable for BMI to assess the causal effec

272 h overcome these problems include the use of instrumental variable methods such as Mendelian randomiz

273 Using instrumental variable methods to account for selection b

274 Using instrumental variable methods, prasugrel use was associa

275 When using instrumental variable methods, which account for potenti

276 patients when analyses were performed using instrumental variable methods.

277 to the disaster on tooth loss by fitting an instrumental variable probit model.

278 individual physician operator was used as an instrumental variable to address potential confounding.

279 The key instrumental variable used in the analysis was ECT preva

280 ociated with noninvasive ventilation use, an instrumental variable was used-the differential distance

281 used to address unmeasured confounding (eg, instrumental variable, difference-in-differences analyse

282 cohort (1997-2016), using twin status as an instrumental variable.

283 delian randomisation (MR)-the use of genetic instrumental variables (IVs) to explore causal effects-h

284 ODS AND We used maternal genetic variants as instrumental variables (IVs) to test the causal effect o

285 Using an instrumental variables approach, rural hospital bypass w

286 is-an approach using genetic variants as the instrumental variables for both the exposure and mediato

287 Genetic instrumental variables for overall and mechanism-specifi

288 A quasi-experimental instrumental variables probit model of the association c

289 domization is the use of genetic variants as instrumental variables to estimate causal effects of ris

290 s associated with inflammatory biomarkers as instrumental variables to improve inference.

291 elian randomization studies use genotypes as instrumental variables to test for and estimate the caus

292 ation approach that uses genetic variants as instrumental variables to test for causal associations.

293 phocyte GRK2 levels, as well as clinical and instrumental variables were measured.

294 s in the vicinity of the adiponectin gene as instrumental variables) for analyzing the causal effect

295 sing variants within the adiponectin gene as instrumental variables), each 1 U increase in log blood

296 le single and multiple binary and continuous instrumental variables, binary or continuous outcome var

297 d physical health could be explained by weak instrumental variables, poorly measured outcomes, or the

298 Using instrumental variables, we suggest that an increase of o

299 specifically to address problems of invalid instrumental variables.

300 To detect fraudulent instrumental work and implement quality control, princip