ライフサイエンスコーパス: interconvert

1 uctures, such as G-quadruplexes, to form and interconvert.

2 These two forms do not reversibly interconvert.

3 ormations that can take seconds or longer to interconvert.

4 two cage isomers can coexist in solution and interconvert.

5 and antitoxins from disparate systems can be interconverted.

6 structures can be (transiently) accessed and interconverted.

7 lls derived from separate germ layers can be interconverted.

8 Attempts to interconvert 1 and 3 with base were unsuccessful, but en

9 A; and 2-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA mutase, which interconverts 2-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA and (3S)-hydroxybu

10 -butyryl-CoA; ethylmalonyl-CoA mutase, which interconverts (2R)-ethylmalonyl-CoA and (2S)-methylsucci

11 MCM interconverts (2R)-methylmalonyl-CoA and succinyl-CoA.

12 droxysteroid dehydrogenase (11beta-HSD) that interconvert active cortisol and inactive cortisone.

13 s, show that the resting catalyst adopts two interconverting active-site conformations, only one of w

14 n environments with competing reactions that interconvert adenine nucleotides such as in permeabilize

15 within the mature mTEC subset and, in vitro, interconverted along this sequence.

16 lkaline phosphatase superfamily members that interconvert alpha-D-ribose 5-phosphate (ribose 5-phosph

17 During the trajectories, the spin labels interconvert among a fairly large number of conformation

18 the DNA-binding domains of MutS dynamically interconvert among multiple conformations when the prote

19 ynamical study shows that (1) G and L do not interconvert and (2) the evolving system can switch from

20 -ring allosteric communication by which they interconvert and the coupling between allosteric transit

21 ng stick insect that contains several slowly interconverting and closely related metabolites.

22 LA populates an ensemble of slowly (>100 ms) interconverting and conformationally heterogeneous unfol

23 Cys-DNIC and Cys-RSE interconvert, and the rates of this process depend on th

24 Sulfonium salts 3 and 4 do not appear to interconvert, and the system as a whole had fewer pathwa

25 mperatures, FO and FR conformers can rapidly interconvert, and voltammetry reports upon an average po

26 te coefficients by which these intermediates interconvert; and thereby to elucidate a chemical kineti

27 conformational isomers which do not seem to interconvert at 22 degrees C.

28 icate that the open and closed states do not interconvert at a measurable rate.

29 exists as two (or more) distinct states that interconvert at a rate much faster than the rate of diss

30 ith an additional ortho-methyl group did not interconvert at ambient temperatures and were readily re

31 ts that the covalent and distonic dimers may interconvert at high energies.

32 Complexes 7b and 7c do not interconvert at room temperature in CD(2)Cl(2) and form

33 the lithiated methylphosphine sulfide could interconvert at temperatures above 0 degrees C.

34 ologically active molecules exist as rapidly interconverting atropisomeric mixtures.

35 he gate and allows the selectivity filter to interconvert back to its conductive conformation (recove

36 Migration modes can interconvert based on changes in cell adhesion, cytoskel

37 that purified 30S ribosome subunits readily interconvert between "active" and "inactive" conformatio

38 The cylindrical macromolecules reversibly interconvert between a three-dimensional (3D) centered r

39 lytic domain of protein tyrosine kinases can interconvert between active and inactive conformations i

40 imilarity to yeast prion proteins, which can interconvert between an intrinsically disordered and an

41 e stem cell pool, in which cells continually interconvert between As and syncytial states.

42 RNAs in biological processes often interconvert between defined structures.

43 These complexes can interconvert between different I L V N+L He M variants v

44 y and of a spin-state change and can rapidly interconvert between different spin states with differen

45 rdinates for translocation were then used to interconvert between experimental rates and measures of

46 e a degree of phenotypic plasticity as cells interconvert between individual and collective migration

47 hich Fis1 activity depends on its ability to interconvert between monomer and dimer species.

48 Also given is a relationship allowing one to interconvert between nanocluster size data and nanoclust

49 Phytochromes interconvert between red-absorbing P(r) and far-red-abso

50 e protein complexes are dynamic in that they interconvert between several alternate configurations.

51 uivalent AaeFd4 and CpFd variants reversibly interconvert between similar valence-localized S = 1/2 a

52 bpopulations are stable in that cells do not interconvert between the two expression patterns.

53 We show that the LBDs interconvert between three conformations: resting, activ

54 randomly generated RNA sequence are found to interconvert between three or more states, including str

55 ted by a metallic surface and can reversibly interconvert between two electronic states.

56 of the ligands, the resulting complex can be interconverted between a flexible, semiopen state and a

57 These structures can be chemically interconverted between relatively inactive and catalytic

58 in contained covalently bound biliverdin and interconverted between the red (dark) and far red (light

59 nce suggests that liver cells are capable of interconverting between cellular states of distinct phen

60 earing molecules that dynamically isomerize, interconverting between enantiomers without cleavage of

61 ransport ions across biological membranes by interconverting between high (E1) and low (E2) ion-affin

62 n which preliminary twisting represents Rad4 interconverting between search and interrogation modes.

63 of individual dimer molecules, with only 40% interconverting between the three possible redox states:

64 first time, that the lid in apo-MDM2 slowly interconverts between a "closed" state that is associate

65 The sensor itself stably interconverts between all-trans-15-anti and 13-cis-15-sy

66 formamidopyrimidine (AFB-FAPY) adduct, which interconverts between alpha and beta anomers.

67 TP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase (CCT) interconverts between an inactive soluble and active mem

68 mplitude motions and the carbohydrate moiety interconverts between Fc-bound and unbound forms, enabli

69 opy, we demonstrate that in solution, the CP interconverts between multiple conformations whose relat

70 e we present a pulse sequence technique that interconverts between singlet spin order and bulk magnet

71 The photoreceptor phytochrome B (phyB) interconverts between the biologically active Pfr (lambd

72 e two SH3 domains of the Crk adaptor protein interconverts between the cis and trans conformation.

73 been identified in the salvage pathway that interconverts between the six vitamin B6 vitamers.

74 of PLN, whose cytoplasmic regulatory domain interconverts between three different states: a ground T

75 ring turnover, its catalytic subunit (PKA-C) interconverts between three major conformational states

76 ation suggests that the T.th. RuvC homodimer interconverts between two asymmetric conformations, with

77 RuvC homodimer interconverts between two asymmetric conformations, with

78 Finally, it is shown that SecA interconverts between two conformations in solution, sug

79 for hepcidin that, at ambient temperatures, interconverts between two different conformations, which

80 eukaryotic counterpart, and we show that it interconverts between two discrete conformations via cis

81 The two acyl-enzyme complex structures can interconvert by movement of the Thr-111 side-chain alcoh

82 quilibrium between different states, readily interconverted by ligand binding.

83 seven species of phosphoinositides that are interconverted by lipid kinases and phosphatases.

84 phate) are highly energetic cellular signals interconverted by the diphosphoinositol pentakisphosphat

85 and homothallic Dothideomycete fungi can be interconverted by the exchange of MAT genes.

86 te are rapidly, selectively, and efficiently interconverted by tungsten-containing formate dehydrogen

87 ve thermostable polymerases that efficiently interconvert C2'-OMe-modified oligonucleotides and their

88 l complex were prepared and determined to be interconverting catalyst resting states.

89 ogens, indicating fast proton shuttling that interconverts cationic and neutral histidines.

90 nhydrases (CAs) are zinc metalloenzymes that interconvert CO2 and HCO3 (-) In plants, both alpha- and

91 its strongest binder(s) from the library of interconverting compounds.

92 ur cluster assembly, apo-IscU, populates two interconverting conformational states, one disordered (D

93 a coli has been shown to populate two slowly interconverting conformational states: one structured (S

94 vious studies showed that IscU populates two interconverting conformational states: one structured (S

95 ensional energy landscape where ensembles of interconverting conformational substates channel the enz

96 r, direct experimental links between rapidly interconverting conformations and the chemical steps of

97 These many interconverting conformations classify single cyanostars

98 ghly flexible N terminus and multiple slowly interconverting conformations in different parts of the

99 Determining the interconverting conformations of dynamic proteins in ato

100 These loops may contain interconverting conformations that are more globally col

101 Instead, they populate ensembles of rapidly interconverting conformations with marginal structural s

102 we show that SRP binds RNCs in multiple and interconverting conformations, and that conversely, RNCs

103 MGs are ensembles of interconverting conformers that contain (non-)native sec

104 y observed for proteins do not correspond to interconverting conformers, but rather to high numbers o

105 ule is considered in terms of an ensemble of interconverting conformers, each with potentially divers

106 tners and thus exist as dynamic ensembles of interconverting conformers, often highly soluble in wate

107 d are best described by ensembles of rapidly interconverting conformers.

108 the presence of several other transient and interconverting conformers.

109 natorial chemistry where the library members interconvert continuously by exchanging building blocks

110 The PiB-florbetapir association was used to interconvert cutoffs for Abeta positivity and negativity

111 The enzyme interconverts d- and l-lactic acid, which is important f

112 ally distinct CSC populations, which seem to interconvert depending on the host tissue microenvironme

113 hydroneopterin triphosphate epimerase, which interconverts dihydroneopterin triphosphate and dihydrom

114 lium isomers were identified, which could be interconverted directly into one another with light.

115 IL-10(+)CD8 and IL-10(-)CD8 T cells interconvert during acute disease, possibly based on rec

116 ons point to a prime requirement for AChE to interconvert dynamically between sequential conformation

117 omplex (F0F1), a remarkable nanomachine that interconverts electrochemical and mechanical energy, pro

118 al or exists as a racemic mixture of rapidly interconverting enantiomeric conformations or configurat

119 cally consist of racemic mixtures of rapidly interconverting enantiomeric conformers able to recogniz

120 eactions are proposed to proceed via rapidly interconverting encounter pairs with an exciplex as inte

121 of cis-enolate 27 from a mixture of rapidly interconverting enolates.

122 bon units to formate requires several folate-interconverting enzymes in mitochondria.

123 of tetrahydrofolate (THF) and several folate-interconverting enzymes in the mitochondrial matrix.

124 The UDP-sugar interconverting enzymes involved in UDP-GlcA metabolism

125 h was found to exist as a mixture of rapidly interconverting epimers.

126 , the P-diphenyl compounds are present as an interconverting equilibrium mixture of the E(syn)-(beta)

127 h open and closed conformations of the cleft interconverting, even in the rigor actomyosin complex.

128 ure of two cyclochiral conformers, which are interconverting fast on the (1)H NMR time scale, accordi

129 uctose-2,6-bisphosphatases (PFKFB1-4), which interconvert fructose 6-phosphate and Fru-2,6-BP.

130 omain a second photosensory module, a Pr/Pfr-interconverting GAF-GAF bidomain (SynCph2(1-2)).

131 train O157 contained an epimerase capable of interconverting GlcNAc-P-P-Und and GalNAc-P-P-Und.

132 Both recombinant enzymes were able to interconvert glucose-phosphates, as well as acting on th

133 se isomerase (PGI) and phosphoglucose mutase interconverting glucose 6-phosphate, fructose 6-phosphat

134 ng various approaches that have been used to interconvert GPCR agonists, partial agonists, and antago

135 Hydrogenases interconvert H2 and protons at high rates and with high

136 e enzymes use first-row transition metals to interconvert H2 with protons and electrons, reactions th

137 Thermoelectrics interconvert heat to electricity and are of great intere

138 A dynamic covalent library of interconverting imine constituents, dissolved in an acet

139 spectroscopy further shows these structures interconvert in 30 ps.

140 ) gp150-specific CD4(+) T cells were able to interconvert in a bidirectional manner upon secondary Ag

141 imers, and/or oligomers and if these species interconvert in a ligand-dependent manner are among the

142 and with lifetimes on the order of 1 s that interconvert in an apparent two-state reaction.

143 We demonstrate that these two variants can interconvert in crystallo in response to pH perturbation

144 ows that the ion has two distinct forms that interconvert in milliseconds to seconds depending on the

145 e conformer, unlike apo- and holo-ACP, which interconvert in solution between two major conformers.

146 t the aS and aR isomers of compound 1 do not interconvert in solution, we investigated how biological

147 dies show that the open and closed forms can interconvert in solution, with low salt favoring the clo

148 lear how multimolecular DNA toroids and rods interconvert in solution.

149 be two conformations of NAC that can freely interconvert in the absence of a coeffector.

150 in vivo, these precursor populations readily interconvert in vitro.

151 Notably, qNSCs and aNSCs can interconvert in vitro.

152 Furthermore, the IgG2 isoforms were shown to interconvert in whole blood or a "blood-like" environmen

153 active and inactive states that are readily interconverted in response to several sets of stimuli an

154 pools were functional in that they could be interconverted in two ways: (i) by exposure to 10S- vers

155 ers identify an N-terminal domain in SM that interconverts in a cholesterol-sensitive manner between

156 here cross-linked native protein dimer, N-N, interconverts in a two-state transition with a dimer whe

157 This duplication allows the protein to interconvert, in a ligand-dependent fashion, between two

158 The ability to interconvert information between electronic and ionic mo

159 We found that the two interconverting interaction geometries were conserved in

160 is Araf, UDP-Arap must exit the Golgi to be interconverted into UDP-Araf by UDP-Ara mutases that are

161 ch the conformers of unfolded protein chains interconvert is a fundamental question in the study of p

162 However, how folded states interconvert is largely unknown due to the inability to

163 Whether, and if so how, they interconvert is unclear.

164 How the states are interconverted is not understood, and whether the histon

165 s include isobutyryl-CoA mutase (ICM), which interconverts isobutyryl-CoA and n-butyryl-CoA; ethylmal

166 rotation and developing a mixture of rapidly interconverting isomers.

167 that a rapid intermolecular proton exchange interconverts isomers 4a and 4b, and a pK(a) value of 12

168 horylation and competition of substrates for interconverting kinase (Cdk) and phosphatase.

169 Moreover, we found that Alr2 could interconvert l- and d-serine and that Alr2 bound to l- a

170 While an unequal population of rapidly interconverting left- and right-handed conformers of a h

171 the chain ends revealed a dynamic equilibria interconverting M and P helical conformations with energ

172 is sufficient to refold a helical oligomer, interconverting M and P screw-sense preference.

173 However, mutants lacking enzymes that interconvert methylene H4F and formate are unable to gro

174 ity of these compounds existing as a rapidly interconverting mixture of conformers in solution.

175 These natural products were isolated as an interconverting mixture of four structural- and stereois

176 bilayer, these proteins exhibit a number of interconverting modes of collective ATP-driven dynamic p

177 ass of lipids (sphingolipids) is a family of interconverting molecules that play key roles in numerou

178 fy chromosomal topology as Xer recombination interconverts monomeric and dimeric chromosomes.

179 s unfolded states (many unfolded basins that interconvert more rapidly with the native state than wit

180 er-residue amide hydrogen exchange rates for interconverting native and invisible states so long as t

181 non-cooperative transition leads to multiple interconverting native-like states, in which both zinc a

182 of NO at bioinorganic metal centres that can interconvert NO and RSNO molecular signals at copper sit

183 FACT promotes these opposing goals by interconverting nucleosomes between the canonical form a

184 When structures that interconvert on a given time scale are lumped together,

185 d E forms are distributed in a 1:4 ratio and interconvert on a time scale of 45 ms.

186 iable exist in multiple conformations, which interconvert on a timescale comparable with the rates of

187 ds into multiple distinct native states that interconvert on a timescale much longer than that of cat

188 dies have indicated these two forms of Y456T interconvert on the approximate time scale of tens of mi

189 hey are usually minimally frustrated and may interconvert on the micro- to millisecond time scale.

190 The two states interconvert on the millisecond time scale.

191 different hydrophobic contact surfaces that interconvert on the milliseconds timescale.

192 olving an ensemble of structures that do not interconvert on this time scale.

193 to an analytic result for a two-state system interconverting on a timescale slower than the interphot

194 the eight-membered heterocycle that are non-interconverting on the NMR time scale at ambient tempera

195 The remaining 20% of the molecules interconverted only between the half-fluorescent state a

196 a(2+) is bound, a 3:2 mixture of dynamically interconverting open (active) and primed-closed (partial

197 he apicomplexan-specific DAG-kinase-1, which interconverts PA and DAG, and whose depletion impairs eg

198 s improved selectivity compared to a rapidly interconverting parent molecule.

199 ogether, these results point to distinct yet interconverting phenotypes within patient-derived circul

200 ultiphasicity as opposed to multiple, slowly interconverting populations of enzyme undergoing the sam

201 zyme pyruvate,orthophosphate dikinase (PPDK) interconverts pyruvate and phosphoenolpyruvate, and is f

202 pimerases (GRMZM2G061988, At5g49970) rapidly interconverted (R)- and (S)-NAD(P)HX, as did a truncated

203 The two enantiomers interconvert (racemize) through an achiral intermediate

204 Using an organometallic route, the clusters interconvert rapidly and self-assemble in solution based

205 nd anti-isomers of 1,8-dipyridylnaphthalenes interconvert rapidly at room temperature the stereoisome

206 he enantiomeric form, and that the two forms interconvert rapidly at room temperature.

207 h structures are significantly populated and interconvert rapidly.

208 gnificantly different stabilities and do not interconvert rapidly.

209 ntly on the relative abundances of the three interconverting Re-containing species at steady state.

210 ton in water and the mechanism by which they interconvert remain elusive.

211 f Tregs and Tconvs that do not substantially interconvert respond during experimental allergic enceph

212 The results revealed three interconverting reverse transcriptase-DNA/RNA species; 4

213 constants (K(d)) for both rapidly and slowly interconverting riboswitch-ligand pairs as validated thr

214 property of existing as a mixture of slowly interconverting rotational isomers.

215 2 e(-) /2 H(+) reactions are described that interconvert [Ru(II) (bpy)(en*)2 ](2+) and [Ru(IV) (bpy)

216 Pre-equilibration of an interconverting set of isomeric allylic azides is couple

217 tence of distinct protein conformations that interconvert slowly and exhibit different affinities for

218 -methyl group, the diastereomeric precursors interconvert slowly at ambient temperatures.

219 a indicate that the two diastereoisomers are interconverting slowly in solution on the (1)H NMR time

220 ts the catabolic and anabolic reactions that interconvert small molecules (metabolites) through the a

221 ely equal to 63 A, suggesting a multitude of interconverting species rather than a small number of di

222 exchange mass spectrometry to resolve slowly interconverting species, we found that beta-sheet beta12

223 l that allows simulating ATDs resulting from interconverting species.

224 HER2(+) and HER2(-) circulating tumour cells interconvert spontaneously, with cells of one phenotype

225 nism controlling the equilibrium between the interconverting states in diubiquitin points toward prot

226 osomal protein L11 occurs within two rapidly interconverting states, having FRET efficiencies of 0.3

227 ive orientation of ubiquitin domains in both interconverting states.

228 e C99 homodimer supports a variety of slowly interconverting structural states.

229 Janus, for predicting mutations required to interconvert structurally related but functionally disti

230 s a molten globular state consisting of many interconverting structures can fold into either a helix-

231 is design fosters efficient HIV-1 fusion via interconverting structures while, at the same time, affo

232 ed conformation to one with multiple dynamic interconverting structures.

233 ron-density sampling to structurally unravel interconverting substates of the human proline isomerase

234 monoanion exists as an equilibrating pair of interconverting tautomers and not as a single symmetric

235 t the ion exists as an equilibrating pair of interconverting tautomers and not as a single symmetric

236 d that KP1212 existed as a broad ensemble of interconverting tautomers, among which enolic forms domi

237 Therefore, 1 exists as a pair of interconverting tautomers, not as a single symmetric str

238 n and tropodithietic acid exist as a pair of interconverting tautomers.

239 ral sensitivity to distinguish among rapidly interconverting tautomers.

240 f EGF-binding sites on living cells reflects interconverting, tethered, and extended receptor configu

241 The ability of KpHpxA to interconvert the (R)- and (S)-enantiomers of allantoin i

242 hey also have salvage pathways that serve to interconvert the different vitamers.

243 use of a polarized electrode to efficiently interconvert the ferric (Fe(3+)) and ferrous (Fe(2+)) fo

244 is employed to investigate the pathways that interconvert the most populated minima on the free energ

245 The approach to interconvert the secretory fate of proteins in vivo has

246 ee successive 120 degrees turns of the rotor interconvert the sites through these three states, hydro

247 ate for the first time the ability of AXS to interconvert the two reaction products.

248 a rational protein engineering approach, we interconverted the enzymatic specificity of alpha- GAL a

249 Here, we address this problem by interconverting the active sites of rat and human FAAH u

250 time, showed that six complete oscillations interconverting the capsule species present in solution

251 s of gas-phase thermal [1,5] hydrogen shifts interconverting the five isomeric mono-deuterium-labeled

252 rized at atomic resolution by quantitatively interconverting the isomers in the crystal both thermall

253 this single proline provides the switch that interconverts the open and closed states of the channel.

254 er protein (ACP):phosphate transacylase that interconverts the two acyl donors in Gram-positive bacte

255 Because the zirconaaziridine enantiomers interconvert, the reaction is a dynamic kinetic resoluti

256 Thermoelectric materials interconvert thermal gradients and electric fields for p

257 re or from triplex intermediates involved in interconverting these structures.

258 le due to autodepalmitoylation, creating two interconverting thioesterase pools: palmitoylated APT on

259 m (C) into those present in A or B partially interconverts this substrate selectivity.

260 These adducts can interconvert through a [3,3] sigmatropic shift (Cope rea

261 s of structurally related compounds that can interconvert through reversible chemical reaction(s).

262 We found that species rapidly interconvert through the action of ZDHHC16 and the Acyl

263 ted that distinct states of pluripotency can interconvert through the modulation of both cell-intrins

264 two major green and blue subfamilies can be interconverted through a L/Q point mutation at position

265 ing transcription, appear to be incapable of interconverting through unfolding and refolding, presuma

266 HLA-A2 and -B8 expression profiles could be interconverted to a large extent by mutual exchange of G

267 ous results that GlcNAz can be metabolically interconverted to GalNAz, whereas GlcNAlk does not, ther

268 somerically pure at -20 degrees C but can be interconverted to the heterochiral cyclic dimer meso com

269 s viscosity-dependent dynamics that serve to interconvert two excited singlet state conformations of

270 2)F(12) structure was reported recently) are interconverted, two of them reversibly.

271 tide sugar mutases have been demonstrated to interconvert UDP-Larabinopyranose (UDP-Arap) and UDP-L-a

272 ene that encodes a UDP-arabinose mutase that interconverts UDP-arabinopyranose and UDP-arabinofuranos

273 of UDP-galactose 4'-epimerase (GALE), which interconverts UDP-galactose and UDP-glucose, as well as

274 te were shown to reversibly and controllably interconvert under appropriate conditions, with an accom

275 s, the rate at which hydrazone stereoisomers interconvert under the reaction conditions.

276 All three oxidation states appear to interconvert under turnover conditions, and the steady s

277 to cell surface receptors can be reversibly interconverted under physiological conditions.

278 Reactions are described that interconvert vanadium(IV) oxo-hydroxo complexes [V(IV)O(

279 east eight monomeric quadruplex species that interconvert very slowly at room temperature.

280 anism is composed of eight enzyme forms that interconvert via 22 rate constants, each of which was de

281 These two species interconvert via a rapid and reversible intramolecular p

282 shown to exist as three diastereomers, which interconvert via a reversible cyclic reaction scheme.

283 h represent active "on" or "off" states that interconvert via transient intermediates.

284 in this distribution during transitions that interconvert weak and strong microtubule binding states.

285 e we show that these IgG2 disulfide linkages interconvert while circulating in humans.

286 equilibrium between two enzyme species that interconvert with a rate constant slower than turnover.

287 ta-sheet surface that allowed this domain to interconvert with a second, stable conformation.

288 ria between two or more distinct states that interconvert with activated kinetics.

289 s proposed in which the melted PPII segments interconvert with beta-strand conformation, whose associ

290 These conformations interconvert with rate constants that depend on the stag

291 At lower temperature, they interconvert with their stannylstannylene isomers with p

292 mpetent to bind immune-stimulating FcgammaRs interconverted with Fc conformations distinct from those

293 namic equilibrium of inactive states rapidly interconverting with a low population of active species.

294 lar reaction conditions, 1-phenylnaphthalene interconverts with 2-phenylnaphthalene, with the latter

295 poSOD1(2SH) have shown that the ground state interconverts with a series of sparsely populated and tr

296 1 degrees C, we found that the native state interconverts with a transiently formed, sparsely popula

297 d conformation in the unfolded ensemble that interconverts with one or both unfolded species.

298 y structured low populated intermediate that interconverts with the folded, ground state on the milli

299 Importantly, it was observed that IPI-504 interconverts with the known agent 17-AAG in vitro and i

300 exes are dynamic and their architectures can interconvert without dissociation.