ライフサイエンスコーパス: internode

1 ediators of axo-glial interactions along the internode.

2 o induced in internodes above the MJ-treated internode.

3 s distributed along the entire length of the internode.

4 began at the paranodes and progressed to the internode.

5 ovement of label into the rapidly elongating internode.

6 a for all activities occurred in the seventh internode.

7 odes and continued centrally along the first internode.

8 xpression in the coleoptile, root, leaf, and internode.

9 GA action is the intercalary meristem of the internode.

10 the storage parenchyma of the maturing stalk internode.

11 ree single-flowered spikelets at each rachis internode.

12 teral spikelets) are produced at each rachis internode.

13 uxtaparanodal region or aggregated along the internodes.

14 s and clustered endogenous axonal Kv1.2 into internodes.

15 stature by promoting cell division in young internodes.

16 d myelin thickness and significantly shorter internodes.

17 nd inner margins of PNS, but not CNS, myelin internodes.

18 nt in MAG-null and absent from P(0)-null PNS internodes.

19 elinated RST axons attributable to shortened internodes.

20 tion; that is, thin myelin sheaths and short internodes.

21 S-L incisures formed in P(0)-CNS myelin internodes.

22 ere differentially expressed in growing stem internodes.

23 anodes, and in unmyelinated segments between internodes.

24 mutants characterized by compact lower stalk internodes.

25 s due to a reduction in cell number in their internodes.

26 ein inhibited the formation of mature myelin internodes.

27 a role for OSH15 in the development of rice internodes.

28 d in the differentiating vascular bundles of internodes.

29 to down-regulate expression in young and old internodes.

30 nternodes to low levels of expression in old internodes.

31 ue with the highest expression in the oldest internodes.

32 roportion to the increased number of injured internodes.

33 production of flowers separated by elongated internodes.

34 h-frequency axons but, surprisingly, shorter internodes.

35 e fractions from the leaves but not from the internodes.

36 this soluble protein in both the leaves and internodes.

37 required for elongation of the inflorescence internodes.

38 vary the number and lengths of their myelin internodes.

39 axonal proteins that were present along the internodes.

40 growth of most plant organs, including stem internodes.

41 Similar responses in internodes above and below treated internodes indicate t

42 Ethylene production was also induced in internodes above the MJ-treated internode.

43 ndent activity modifies the length of myelin internodes along axons altering action potential conduct

44 oth Bmr6 and SbCAD4 are expressed in sorghum internodes, an examination of enzymatic activity of reco

45 er maturation, Caspr is downregulated in the internode and becomes strikingly concentrated in the par

46 AtGA20ox1 making the greater contribution to internode and filament elongation, and AtGA20ox2 making

47 e meristems such as root tips as well as the internode and leaf base.

48 ted macro-elements, were mapped in the node, internode and leaf sheath of rice (Oryza sativa) using s

49 nized only 15% or less of the vessels in any internode and occurred in relatively small numbers, amou

50 t-1 displayed a larger tiller angle, shorter internode and panicle lengths, and decreased grain filli

51 architecture by affecting elongation of the internode and pedicels, as well as the shape of lateral

52 A build-up of extracellular K(+) in the internode and persistent Na(+) currents are now implicat

53 Internode and petiole elongation, and changes in overall

54 nce, chlorosis, nearly complete reduction of internodes and abnormal leaf shape.

55 elocity at the lesion epicenter due to short internodes and axonal thinning.

56 iction in these mutants leading to compacted internodes and clustered or downward-oriented fruits.

57 Both bp and pny have randomly shorter internodes and display a slight increase in the number o

58 ty, showing reduced formation of tillers and internodes and extensive adventitious root/shoot formati

59 mely short internodes interspersed with long internodes and increased branching.

60 cotyledons of germinating pea seedlings, in internodes and leaves of established seedlings, and in d

61 alpha-expansin genes, five are expressed in internodes and leaves, three in coleoptiles, and nine in

62 ) and K(v)1.2 channels were used to identify internodes and paranodal protein distribution properties

63 alterations in the molecular architecture of internodes and paranodes.

64 cells, maturing metaxylem elements in young internodes and petioles, and stylar transmitting tissue

65 flowers, hairy stem, modified leaves, short internodes and spiral phyllotaxy.

66 wo expansins occur in the cell walls of rice internodes and that they may mediate acid-induced wall e

67 ter understand the significance of shortened internodes and thinner myelin in spared axons, we modele

68 highly developed myelinated axons that have internodes and well-defined nodes of Ranvier.

69 years and at least 12 consecutive branches (internodes) and evolves skeletal adaptations four times

70 , the heminode abutting the first myelinated internode, and one or two intermediate domains.

71 to myelination and maintenance of the myelin internode, and we have focused on the role of neuregulin

72 oot apical meristem, which initiates leaves, internodes, and axillary meristems.

73 plants were stunted, with shorter leaves and internodes, and dark-grown seedlings had shorter and wid

74 cient Schwann cells produce shortened myelin internodes, and display compressed axial cell length and

75 phages in the periaxonal space of myelinated internodes, and rare intraaxonal macrophages as well.

76 splayed KV7.2 and KV7.3 at heminodes, nodes, internodes, and the unmyelinated synaptic terminal segme

77 lows users to subdivide axes into individual internodes, and thresholds away structures, such as awns

78 gion are known, their counterparts along the internode are poorly defined.

79 strate that visual deprivation and shortened internodes are associated with a significant reduction i

80 domain including the leaf margin, and mutant internodes are shortened on the marginal side of the ste

81 increased the abundance and length of myelin internodes, as well as the expression of myelin proteins

82 the Arabidopsis Stylish 1 (AtSTY1) and Short Internode (AtSHI) genes.

83 In demyelinated internodes, axonal components of nodes fragment and disa

84 ssels in transverse sections of all examined internodes becoming fully blocked.

85 and, in the Laer-0 background, much shorter internodes between adjacent flowers, suggesting an inter

86 ithin the periaxonal space of the myelinated internodes, bound to the outer surface of the motor axon

87 genous Cd, Cu and Fe levels within different internodes, but not with a number of other metals tested

88 five alpha-expansin genes was induced in the internode by treatment with gibberellin (GA) and by woun

89 the node, and independently cleared from the internode, by interactions of its ectodomain with myelin

90 The dwarfing of the floral shoot internodes caused by the gai mutation was suppressed by

91 he organism was in the cortex and 10% in the internode cell cytoplasm.

92 rough the cortex and reached the cytoplam of internode cells.

93 tive layer of cortex cells surrounding large internode cells.

94 lose development was mainly limited to a few internodes close to the point of inoculation in PD-resis

95 from pea (Pisum sativum L. var. Alaska) stem internodes co-localized in linear and discontinuous sucr

96 the BC LEle plants had substantially longer internodes containing much greater GA1 levels than the t

97 riments of leaves, immature and intermediate internodes, detected 12,621 sense and 995 antisense tran

98 However, tin initiated internode development earlier and, unlike the wild type,

99 Across internode development, SUTs, other than SbSUT4, were imm

100 of these parameters reveal that diameter and internode distance can compensate for the temporal offse

101 ching can account for the lengthening of the internode during limb growth.

102 y correlated with the sucrose content in the internodes during development, and only slight differenc

103 The elongated internode (ein) mutation of Brassica rapa leads to a def

104 A. thaliana background: either by affecting internode elongation (IscLFY1) or by causing homeotic co

105 nes impairs stem cell maintenance and blocks internode elongation and flowering.

106 depending on the number of lateral branches, internode elongation and phyllotaxy.

107 and cell length, we tested if SLs stimulate internode elongation by affecting GA metabolism or signa

108 tillering mutant associated with precocious internode elongation that diverts sucrose (Suc) away fro

109 One such adaptation is the ability for rapid internode elongation upon partial submergence to maintai

110 e rms4 mutant, indicating that SLs stimulate internode elongation via RMS4.

111 inhibition of the differentiation of leaves, internode elongation, and secondary vascular cell types

112 e-regulated processes, such as hypocotyl and internode elongation, anthocyanin synthesis, and photope

113 ant M202(Sub1) displayed restrained leaf and internode elongation, chlorophyll degradation, and carbo

114 quences of OSH15 complemented the defects in internode elongation, confirming that they were caused b

115 rmone effects for dwarfed growth and reduced internode elongation, enhanced branching, reduced stomat

116 ox2 act redundantly to promote hypocotyl and internode elongation, flowering time, elongation of anth

117 ering, maturation, and senescence, decreased internode elongation, shortened roots, aberrant phyllota

118 , and does so independently of its effect on internode elongation.

119 d, derivative factor is the global extent of internode elongation.

120 dered to be null alleles, exhibit defects in internode elongation.

121 th respect to shoot growth and hypocotyl and internode elongation.

122 SLs act independently from GAs to stimulate internode elongation.

123 zing tillering by manipulating the timing of internode elongation.

124 Cytological analysis of internode epidermal cells indicates that SLs control cel

125 Internodes exhibited major transcriptomic changes only a

126 ortant for promoting shoot regeneration from internode explants from adult phase citrus trees were id

127 elination by regulating the number of myelin internodes formed by individual oligodendrocytes.

128 ed axoplasm became directed back towards the internode, forming a 'cap' up to 30 mum long.

129 ant contribution to limiting the increase of internode GA1 to modest levels for the transgenic lines.

130 script levels of OsTMK increased in the rice internode in response to gibberellin.

131 enzymes increase from the first to the sixth internode in stems of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), prec

132 this region but were detected throughout the internode in the galactolipid-defi- cient mice.

133 and TAG-1) were concentrated throughout the internodes in a double strand that flanked paranodal jun

134 .1 alpha subunits, which become prevalent at internodes in demyelinated axons, may underlie their dys

135 meristem of deepwater rice (Oryza sativa L.) internodes in response to gibberellin (GA).

136 e is a strong reduction in the elongation of internodes in the inflorescence, resulting in the format

137 earlier and, unlike the wild type, the basal internodes in tin were solid rather than hollow.

138 enerate different sheath lengths that mirror internodes in vivo.

139 droxyferuloyl CoA is present in alfalfa stem internodes, in which relative O-methyltransferase activi

140 pressing transgenic plants display shortened internodes, increased tiller number, and upright growth.

141 across remyelinating Schwann cells (nascent internodes) increases markedly from 83 to 274 microm dur

142 in stem diameter, (2) reduced elongation of internodes (independent of carbon supply), and (3) a pro

143 istological sections of mutant inflorescence internodes indicate normal tissue specification, but red

144 ponses in internodes above and below treated internodes indicate transport of a signal giving a syste

145 artial recovery occurred even in an isolated internode, indicating that the internodal axolemma can a

146 s a synergistic phenotype of extremely short internodes interspersed with long internodes and increas

147 inflorescence meristem where we propose the internode is patterned.

148 ated with rapid elongation of deepwater rice internodes, it is induced by gibberellin and wounding, a

149 udes reduced gravitropic response, shortened internodes, lack of lateral roots, and retarded vascular

150 g units called phytomers, each containing an internode, leaf and axillary meristem.

151 utation in dw3 associates with reduced lower internode length and an elongation of the apex, consiste

152 ffect leaf length and width, leaf angle, and internode length and diameter.

153 ocus regions for leaf angle, leaf width, and internode length and identified rare single nucleotide p

154 Because gibberellins (GAs) increase internode length by affecting both cell division and cel

155 Moreover, internode length decreased and Ranvier node diameter inc

156 und that the axon diameter is <1 mum and the internode length is approximately 100 mum.

157 and seed production of SSP were greater and internode length less than they were for ASP in all shad

158 he root system using hydroponics can restore internode length of the SL-deficient rms1 mutant but not

159 The latter would predict that average internode length should decrease with age.

160 This is the first time the CNS myelin internode length was measured in a mouse.

161 respondingly detected that QTLs for seedling internode length were environment-specific, whereas late

162 Delayed abscission, shorter internode length, and reduced auxin movement all correla

163 The second pathway affects leaf size, internode length, and stem hairiness, but does not confe

164 The PLP-P0 shift resulted in reduced myelin internode length, degeneration of myelinated axons, seve

165 suring leaf width, plant height, ear height, internode length, stalk circumference, leaf length, and

166 lopmental transitions, with the exception of internode length, suggesting independent genetic control

167 ssion lines was reduced due to a decrease in internode length.

168 wth and architecture including inflorescence internode length.

169 inal migration, reduced myelin formation and internode length.

170 Moreover, as internodes lengthened during postnatal growth, conductio

171 er in ontogeny the majority of QTLs affected internode lengths in all treatments.

172 al-independent hypothesis--that variation in internode lengths reflects regional oligodendrocyte-intr

173 retinogeniculate pathway but shortens myelin internode lengths without affecting other structural pro

174 Incongruence severity increased for shorter internodes located deeper in the phylogeny.

175 remyelination (at least one abnormally short internode, <100 mum).

176 because perlecan-deficient mice had shorter internodes, more numerous Schmidt-Lanterman incisures, a

177 ture due to shortened internodes, with upper internodes most strongly affected.

178 es; 82 of these were shared between leaf and internode networks, highlighting similarities in induced

179 Segments can be cut from the peduncular-1 internode of oat (Avena sativa L.) shoots so as to conta

180 les and rind dissected from a maturing stalk internode of sugarcane, identifying ten cellulose syntha

181 rved increase in cellulose deposition in the internodes of 35S::SbMyb60 plants.

182 ral specializations in the Ranvier nodes and internodes of auditory brainstem axons involved in sound

183 Internodes of deepwater rice are induced to grow rapidly

184 wo expansin proteins have been isolated from internodes of deepwater rice, and three rice expansin ge

185 MT RNA levels varied in leaves and stem internodes of different developmental ages, with the hig

186 As shown previously, with age the internodes of many of these myelin sheaths show structur

187 tex of the monkey there is some breakdown of internodes of myelin with subsequent remyelination that

188 ately 7-fold to generate the typically short internodes of regenerated nerves.

189 he same plant, such as the first to eleventh internodes of stems, could also be differentiated based

190 Internodes of the mutants had abnormal-shaped epidermal

191 genes in Arabidopsis, has a primary role in internode patterning.

192 ow that thinly remyelinated axons with short internodes persist for over the course of 2 y.

193 dition a range of pleiotropic leaf, node and internode phenotypes that are sensitive to genetic backg

194 root and shoot growth, reduced elongation of internodes, reduced apical dominance, and reduced leaf s

195 ia influence the number and length of myelin internodes, referred to as myelinogenic potential, and i

196 AtMYB2 is expressed in the compressed basal internode region of Arabidopsis at late stages of develo

197 The results demonstrate that the internode remains plastic in the adult but that increase

198 initial accumulation and clearance from the internode require extracellular interactions, whereas ta

199 d a reduction in elongation of inflorescence internodes resulting in formation of floral clusters.

200 of induced cell cultures and developing stem internode sections, we have generated a list of candidat

201 Leaf tension assays and bend tests of the internodes show that the brittle phenotype does not resu

202 and the auxin biosynthesis regulators SHORT INTERNODE/STYLISH (SHI/STY) during Physcomitrella patens

203 SHORT-INTERNODES/STYLISH (SHI/STY)-family proteins redundantly

204 s accompanied by the appearance of elongated internodes such that under these conditions the plants n

205 irmed by morphological examination of myelin internodes, such as incorporation of fluorescently-label

206 use of genes or internodes with high average internode support significantly improved the robustness

207 while for elongating and recently elongated internodes, SUTs also were detected in storage parenchym

208 PsGA3ox1 transgenic plants had longer internodes, tendrils, and fruits, larger stipules, and d

209 rn OLs elaborated much shorter but many more internodes than OLs generated during early postnatal lif

210 use development, and regenerated nerves have internodes that are uniformly short.

211 revealed that GA promotes the number of stem internodes that elongate upon bolting, and does so indep

212 ocated at the ends of each elongating myelin internode; this sieve contributes to restricting the sod

213 dogenous promoter was coordinated within the internode tissue to avoid feed-forward regulation of PsG

214 This domain deletion extends from the internode to beyond the longitudinal mid-length of the b

215 n, suggesting that it redistributes from the internode to these sites.

216 ging from high levels of expression in young internodes to low levels of expression in old internodes

217 is thaliana), is marked by the elongation of internodes to make an inflorescence upon which lateral b

218 The relationship between internode traits and onset of reproduction varied with e

219 ll walls of deepwater rice (Oryza sativa L.) internodes undergo long-term extension (creep) when plac

220 xpression of four beta-expansin genes in the internode was induced by treatment with gibberellin and

221 genetic variation in plasticity of seedling internodes was greater than in those produced later in o

222 Remarkably, shortened internodes were significantly concentrated at the lesion

223 ichiometrically phosphorylated in myelinated internodes where radial axonal growth takes place, but n

224 ese proteins are strikingly localized to the internode, where Necl-1 and -2 on the axon are directly

225 oplasms of elongating and recently elongated internodes, whereas SbSUT4 may function to release Suc f

226 lowers and leaves, thicker stems, and longer internodes, which was consistent with the increased auxi

227 ed in the leaf trace vasculature of axillary internodes, while in teosinte, this expression is highly

228 on the yeast phylogeny, the use of genes or internodes with high average internode support significa

229 pansin genes are expressed in deepwater rice internodes, with especially high transcript levels in th

230 plants showed dwarf stature due to shortened internodes, with upper internodes most strongly affected

231 ligodendrocytes and the generation of myelin internodes within the spinal cord depends on regional si