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1 entral metabolic properties of this obligate intracellular pathogen.
2  molecule that activates the virulence of an intracellular pathogen.
3  are engaged to report on the presence of an intracellular pathogen.
4 nding the immunopathogenesis related to this intracellular pathogen.
5 it protective intestinal immunity against an intracellular pathogen.
6 itiating the immune response to an important intracellular pathogen.
7 or obligate saprophytism in this facultative intracellular pathogen.
8 a monocytogenes, a Gram-positive facultative intracellular pathogen.
9 lays a critical role in host defense against intracellular pathogens.
10 enotype that participates in defense against intracellular pathogens.
11 a key cytokine that mediates host defense to intracellular pathogens.
12 mbranes, focal adhesions, and the surface of intracellular pathogens.
13                    Brucellae are facultative intracellular pathogens.
14  it has been well-established for many other intracellular pathogens.
15 is lessons that may be informative for other intracellular pathogens.
16 critical for host defense upon reexposure to intracellular pathogens.
17 ceptor serves to detect complement-opsonized intracellular pathogens.
18 logical aspects of these peculiar eukaryotic intracellular pathogens.
19 quired for the control of a diverse array of intracellular pathogens.
20 ion of both cellular components and invading intracellular pathogens.
21 ial for cell autonomous immunity to numerous intracellular pathogens.
22 or limiting growth of both extracellular and intracellular pathogens.
23 lic macromolecules or organelles, as well as intracellular pathogens.
24 es and as reservoirs for proteins that fight intracellular pathogens.
25 t defense molecules that function to control intracellular pathogens.
26 tegral part of host defense against invading intracellular pathogens.
27 ellular components and defends cells against intracellular pathogens.
28 ) and facilitated vancomycin delivery to the intracellular pathogens.
29 ety of microbes, including extracellular and intracellular pathogens.
30 form of autophagy that mediates clearance of intracellular pathogens.
31 at provides a host defense mechanism against intracellular pathogens.
32 oinflammatory TH1 responses needed to combat intracellular pathogens.
33  responses for effective vaccination against intracellular pathogens.
34  the role of IFN-gamma in protection against intracellular pathogens.
35 could be shared by similar proteins in other intracellular pathogens.
36 ry T cells are critical for immunity against intracellular pathogens.
37 spensable step for a successful infection by intracellular pathogens.
38  the hallmark of protective immunity against intracellular pathogens.
39 he penetrative routes for host cell entry by intracellular pathogens.
40  of models of vertebrate immune responses to intracellular pathogens.
41 ight represent therapeutic targets to combat intracellular pathogens.
42 gamma orchestrates the host response against intracellular pathogens.
43  for TLR-independent host protection against intracellular pathogens.
44 oil-based progenitors into highly successful intracellular pathogens.
45 T-cell response is important for immunity to intracellular pathogens.
46 re major cells that provide immunity against intracellular pathogens.
47 ical for host resistance to a broad range of intracellular pathogens.
48 play an important role in the elimination of intracellular pathogens.
49  plays little role in the protection against intracellular pathogens.
50 bolic program that is also used for clearing intracellular pathogens.
51 rtant role in protection against mucosal and intracellular pathogens.
52 tain cellular homeostasis and defend against intracellular pathogens.
53 comycin against intracellular MRSA and other intracellular pathogens.
54 te immune response, directly destroying many intracellular pathogens.
55  is an important virulence property for many intracellular pathogens.
56 regulate the quality of CD8 T cell memory to intracellular pathogens.
57 ortant mechanism used by macrophages to kill intracellular pathogens.
58 otential for early-life immunization against intracellular pathogens.
59 aling the danger of cellular exploitation by intracellular pathogens.
60  in wild-type macrophages and serves to kill intracellular pathogens.
61  sense metabolic dysfunction or infection by intracellular pathogens.
62 oles in innate and adaptive immunity against intracellular pathogens.
63 y, enabling the detection and elimination of intracellular pathogens.
64  and used these to study T cell responses to intracellular pathogens.
65 ing PNAs conjugated to CPPs to better target intracellular pathogens.
66  and immunotherapies to protect infants from intracellular pathogens.
67 nomous immunity that restrict replication of intracellular pathogens.
68 nts are highly susceptible to infection with intracellular pathogens.
69 ses the capacity of macrophages to eliminate intracellular pathogens.
70 c strategies to address infections caused by intracellular pathogens.
71 tegies that protect individual cells against intracellular pathogens.
72  Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, an intracellular pathogen, activates caspase-1 required for
73                                              Intracellular pathogens actively avoid delivery to or di
74 d a major driving force for the evolution of intracellular pathogens, allowing them to survive and re
75 s often generate incomplete immunity against intracellular pathogens, although the mechanism of this
76 at limits collateral tissue damage due to an intracellular pathogen and promotes host survival.
77     Cryptococcus neoformans is a facultative intracellular pathogen and the causative agent of crypto
78 sella tularensis (Ft) is a highly infectious intracellular pathogen and the causative agent of tulare
79           Cryptococcus gattii is an emerging intracellular pathogen and the cause of the largest prim
80                                  Immunity to intracellular pathogens and cancer relies on the generat
81 nes and immunotherapeutic strategies against intracellular pathogens and cancer.
82 by no means limited to direct elimination of intracellular pathogens and includes a stratified array
83 been defined, including its role in handling intracellular pathogens and its contribution to inflamma
84 tune macrophage effector functions to combat intracellular pathogens and reduce inflammatory tissue d
85 D8 T cells are a potent tool for eliminating intracellular pathogens and tumor cells.
86 s a powerful strategy for the elimination of intracellular pathogens and tumor cells.
87 esponses are critical for protection against intracellular pathogens and tumors.
88 CTLs that can mount a strong defense against intracellular pathogens and tumors.
89 dy mechanisms of protective immunity against intracellular pathogens and, specifically, to understand
90 microbicidal effector molecules that destroy intracellular pathogens, and at low concentrations they
91 uring nutrient insufficiency, eradication of intracellular pathogens, and counteracting aging through
92                               These obligate intracellular pathogens are dependent on both de novo li
93                                              Intracellular pathogens are differentially sensed by the
94                                              Intracellular pathogens are responsible for much of the
95 fic cargo, including organelles, proteins or intracellular pathogens, are targeted for selective auto
96                            Upon detection of intracellular pathogen-associated molecular patterns, RI
97  considered to be one of the most successful intracellular pathogens, because it can reproduce in var
98                        Here we show that the intracellular pathogen Brucella abortus survives and rep
99                                       In the intracellular pathogen Brucella abortus, the general str
100 + T cells play a central role in eradicating intracellular pathogens, but also are important for noni
101 ome plays a key role in response to invading intracellular pathogens, but mounting evidence suggests
102           Memory CD8 T cells protect against intracellular pathogens by scanning host cell surfaces;
103                 The stress of infection with intracellular pathogens can stimulate autophagy, and aut
104 onocytogenes is a Gram-positive, facultative intracellular pathogen capable of causing severe invasiv
105 lternative pathway for rapid detection of an intracellular pathogen capable of evading the canonical
106 ularensis is a highly virulent Gram-negative intracellular pathogen capable of infecting a vast diver
107                                         Many intracellular pathogens cause disease by subverting macr
108 pathogens that can also act as a facultative intracellular pathogen causing infections that are extre
109 s necessary for the invasion by the obligate intracellular pathogen Chlamydia caviae.
110                                 The obligate-intracellular pathogen Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) has un
111 y used on the difficult-to-culture, obligate intracellular pathogen Chlamydia trachomatis.
112    In this review, we describe mechanisms of intracellular pathogen clearance that rely on the autoph
113 lize antimicrobial peptides to improve their intracellular pathogen clearance.
114 n essential role in antigen presentation and intracellular pathogen clearance.
115                                 The obligate intracellular pathogen Coxiella burnetii displays antiap
116 tice for diagnosis of Q fever, caused by the intracellular pathogen Coxiella burnetii, relies mainly
117                       Upon infection with an intracellular pathogen, cytotoxic CD8(+) T cells develop
118                                     Obligate intracellular pathogens depend on their host for growth
119  required for CD4 T cell control of distinct intracellular pathogens differ and that long-range cytok
120                                              Intracellular pathogens directly alter host cells in ord
121                                      Several intracellular pathogens display the ability to propagate
122 cids (PNAs) present a novel method to target intracellular pathogens due to their unique mechanism of
123  pattern molecules and by various strategies intracellular pathogens employ to alter cellular microen
124  These results reveal how the exotoxin of an intracellular pathogen engages host pathways for packagi
125                                 Whereas some intracellular pathogens escape into the host cytosol, Hi
126      GBPs are essential for immunity against intracellular pathogens, especially for Toxoplasma gondi
127 ading to severe disseminated infections with intracellular pathogens, especially nontuberculous mycob
128   Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an adaptable intracellular pathogen, existing in both dormant as well
129 lecular pathways provide the major modes for intracellular pathogen exit and fecal-oral transmission
130                                         Many intracellular pathogens exploit host secretory trafficki
131 sitions from an environmental organism to an intracellular pathogen following its ingestion by suscep
132 on of the host defense (IFNgamma, IDO) by an intracellular pathogen for progression of its natural li
133 s a form of selective autophagy that targets intracellular pathogens for degradation.
134 that utilizes ER-derived membranes to target intracellular pathogens for destruction.
135                                          The intracellular pathogen Francisella tularensis encodes a
136                              We used a model intracellular pathogen, Francisella novicida, to begin c
137                                        As an intracellular pathogen, Francisella survives and replica
138 activity, demonstrating conservation between intracellular pathogens from different phylogenetic king
139                                   Thus, this intracellular pathogen has evolved multiple mechanisms t
140                                              Intracellular pathogens have developed elaborate mechani
141                                        These intracellular pathogens have evolved a sophisticated inv
142                                         Many intracellular pathogens have, however, developed mechani
143 ion recently emerged as a mechanism by which intracellular pathogens hijack cellular resources and es
144 murine macrophages (MPhis) infected with the intracellular pathogen Histoplasma capsulatum.
145 ion is critical for the host defense against intracellular pathogens; however, it is unclear whether
146 phages play an essential role in controlling intracellular pathogens; however, macrophages also serve
147                             As an obligatory intracellular pathogen, human immunodeficiency virus typ
148 synergisms may enable 'special' tolerance of intracellular pathogens in bat hosts; paradoxically, thi
149 on domain was not necessary for reducing the intracellular pathogens in cultured osteoblasts or in tw
150  and increased susceptibility to a number of intracellular pathogens in individuals infected with hum
151 m (NOX2) are critical for the elimination of intracellular pathogens in many infections.
152 nction in cell-autonomous resistance against intracellular pathogens in mice.
153 phering the redox environment encountered by intracellular pathogens in the mammalian cytosol is chal
154 oves Mn and other essential metals to starve intracellular pathogens; in the extracellular space, cal
155          Autophagy is a cellular response to intracellular pathogens including mycobacteria and is in
156                                      Several intracellular pathogens, including a key etiological age
157                                      Several intracellular pathogens, including Salmonella enterica a
158                                         Many intracellular pathogens, including Salmonella typhimuriu
159 n essential mediator of host defense against intracellular pathogens, including the protozoan parasit
160 +) T cells are critical for the clearance of intracellular pathogens, including viruses, certain bact
161                             Salmonella is an intracellular pathogen infecting a wide range of hosts a
162 duct of hemoglobin catabolism during certain intracellular pathogen infections, is also a potent indu
163 candidiasis disease might also have viral or intracellular pathogen infections.
164 bacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is a persistent intracellular pathogen intrinsically tolerant to most an
165                  Protective immunity against intracellular pathogens involves the induction of robust
166 ytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against intracellular pathogens is generally accomplished by imm
167  the role of these components in survival of intracellular pathogens is not completely understood.
168                        One common threat for intracellular pathogens is the homeostatic process of au
169 s, which provide immune surveillance against intracellular pathogens, is higher on lymphoid cells tha
170 sponse contributes to increased clearance of intracellular pathogens, it seems that NLRC4 inflammasom
171                                   Macrophage intracellular pathogen killing is defective in cystic fi
172                                          The intracellular pathogen Legionella pneumophila converts f
173                                          The intracellular pathogen Legionella pneumophila encodes Ri
174                                          The intracellular pathogen Legionella pneumophila interferes
175                              The facultative intracellular pathogen Legionella pneumophila, the causa
176 not require NAIP5 or NRLC4 is induced by the intracellular pathogen Legionella pneumophila.
177                                          The intracellular pathogen, Legionella pneumophila, secretes
178                             Similar to other intracellular pathogens, Leishmania parasites are known
179 s thought to enhance growth of the foodborne intracellular pathogen Listeria monocytogenes by promoti
180                              The facultative intracellular pathogen Listeria monocytogenes causes lis
181                     Genes of the facultative intracellular pathogen Listeria monocytogenes encode two
182 ibitor that increases the sensitivity of the intracellular pathogen Listeria monocytogenes to various
183      During infection with the Gram-positive intracellular pathogen Listeria monocytogenes, neutrophi
184 iolysin O (LLO), secreted by the facultative intracellular pathogen Listeria monocytogenes, was postt
185 ies, including the Gram-positive facultative intracellular pathogen Listeria monocytogenes.
186 virulence factor secreted by the facultative intracellular pathogen Listeria monocytogenes.
187 adherin-dependent invasion properties of the intracellular pathogen Listeria monocytogenes.
188 load in the livers of mice infected with the intracellular pathogen Listeria monocytogenes.
189 inc uptake systems, ZurAM and ZinABC, in the intracellular pathogen Listeria monocytogenes.
190 ey virulence determinants of the facultative intracellular pathogen Listeria monocytogenes.
191                                          The intracellular pathogen load can tip the balance between
192  operates to remove the replication niche of intracellular pathogens, making them susceptible to phag
193                                              Intracellular pathogens manipulate host organelles to su
194                                              Intracellular pathogens modulate host cell function to p
195              After erythrocyte invasion, the intracellular pathogen must increase host cell uptake of
196         Vaccines against mucosally invasive, intracellular pathogens must induce a myriad of immune r
197 n a genome-wide level, we determined for the intracellular pathogen Mycobacterium marinum whether it
198                                          The intracellular pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)
199                                          The intracellular pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)
200 t its overexpression reduced the survival of intracellular pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis by enh
201 losis, a granulomatous disease caused by the intracellular pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis, we ch
202 nferior to cellular immunity directed to the intracellular pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
203 ages also serve as the cellular home for the intracellular pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
204 transcriptional response to infection by the intracellular pathogen Nematocida parisii [4].
205 t and fecal-oral transmission by the natural intracellular pathogen Nematocida parisii, which is a re
206 nfection by the Orsay virus, another natural intracellular pathogen of C. elegans, and is distinct fr
207            Rhodococcus equi is a facultative intracellular pathogen of macrophages, relying on the pr
208 cterium that causes tuberculosis (TB), is an intracellular pathogen of mononuclear phagocytes.
209 sis (HME) is caused by a tick-borne obligate intracellular pathogen of the order Rickettsiales.
210 ich displays an ankyrin-based fold common to intracellular pathogens of eukaryotes.
211 esponsible for targeting cells infected with intracellular pathogens, or cells that have become malig
212 -1alpha and not IL-1beta led to an exuberant intracellular pathogen replication and progressive non-r
213                          Vaccination against intracellular pathogens requires generation of a pool of
214               Successful vaccination against intracellular pathogens requires the generation of cellu
215                             Immunity to many intracellular pathogens requires the proliferation, diff
216                                          For intracellular pathogens, residence in a vacuole provides
217 med this common transcriptional response the intracellular pathogen response (IPR), and it includes u
218                   Legionella pneumophila, an intracellular pathogen responsible for the severe pneumo
219                                          The intracellular pathogen Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi
220 gulatory system PhoP/PhoQ in the facultative intracellular pathogen Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi
221 also important for host-cell response to the intracellular pathogen Salmonella typhimurium, which can
222 ion of individual mouse macrophages with the intracellular pathogen Salmonella typhimurium.
223 ficial during infection with the facultative intracellular pathogen Salmonella.
224       To establish these replicative niches, intracellular pathogens secrete various virulence protei
225 addition to its role in innate immunity, the intracellular pathogen sensor nucleotide-binding oligome
226                                         Many intracellular pathogens subvert host membrane traffickin
227 CSF) enhances antimicrobial defenses against intracellular pathogens such as Histoplasma capsulatum,
228 s substantially contribute to the control of intracellular pathogens such as human immunodeficiency v
229 different from effector repertoires in other intracellular pathogens such as Legionella.
230                                              Intracellular pathogens such as Shigella flexneri and Li
231 roposed to participate in protection against intracellular pathogens such as viruses and mycobacteria
232                                      Several intracellular pathogens, such as Brucella abortus, displ
233                             The lifestyle of intracellular pathogens, such as malaria parasites, is i
234                Bacterial infection caused by intracellular pathogens, such as Mycobacterium, Salmonel
235  The development of vaccines against complex intracellular pathogens, such as Plasmodium spp., where
236 ritical for immunity against infections with intracellular pathogens, such as Salmonella enterica.
237  an important host defense mechanism against intracellular pathogens, such as viruses.
238 ytes that provide early host defense against intracellular pathogens, such as viruses.
239 lular translocation pathway for NDKs from an intracellular pathogen, suggesting that PNX1-hemichannel
240  mice infected with both bacterial and viral intracellular pathogens, suggesting a role for these cel
241 he protozoan parasite, Toxoplasma, like many intracellular pathogens, suppresses interferon gamma (IF
242 ic reticulum (rER) at the recently described intracellular 'pathogen synapse'.
243                   Legionella pneumophila, an intracellular pathogen that can cause a severe pneumonia
244 ccus neoformans (Cn) is a common facultative intracellular pathogen that can cause life-threatening f
245                             is a facultative intracellular pathogen that causes brucellosis, a worldw
246  in the environment as well as a facultative intracellular pathogen that causes invasive foodborne in
247    Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram-positive intracellular pathogen that causes spontaneous abortion
248  restrict the growth of L. monocytogenes, an intracellular pathogen that damages the entry vacuole.
249 nd chronic Q fever in humans, is a naturally intracellular pathogen that directs the formation of an
250                      Shigella flexneri is an intracellular pathogen that disseminates in the intestin
251                 Listeria monocytogenes is an intracellular pathogen that disseminates within the inte
252      Listeria monocytogenes is a facultative intracellular pathogen that escapes from phagosomes and
253               monocytogenes is a facultative intracellular pathogen that escapes from phagosomes, gro
254             Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an intracellular pathogen that infects lung macrophages and
255         Shigella flexneri is a Gram-negative intracellular pathogen that infects the intestinal epith
256 monocytogenes is a Gram-positive facultative intracellular pathogen that is highly resistant to lysoz
257         Rickettsia rickettsii is an obligate intracellular pathogen that is the causative agent of Ro
258 rium Listeria monocytogenes is a facultative intracellular pathogen that relies on the regulated secr
259         Chlamydia trachomatis is an obligate intracellular pathogen that replicates in a membrane-bou
260         Chlamydia trachomatis is an obligate intracellular pathogen that replicates in a vacuole term
261 tiological agent of Q fever in humans, is an intracellular pathogen that replicates in an acidified p
262         Chlamydia trachomatis is an obligate intracellular pathogen that resides in a membrane-bound
263 erium tuberculosis is a chronic, facultative intracellular pathogen that spends the majority of its d
264    Our data represent a novel strategy by an intracellular pathogen that triggers rapid nutritional r
265 , the causative agent of Q fever, is a human intracellular pathogen that utilizes the Icm/Dot type IV
266 y susceptible to "secondary" infections with intracellular pathogens that are usually controlled by C
267                         We hypothesized that intracellular pathogens that can replicate within macrop
268 ative bacteria from the Legionella genus are intracellular pathogens that cause a severe form of pneu
269                  Chlamydiae sp. are obligate intracellular pathogens that cause a variety of diseases
270 ce of specialized evasion strategies used by intracellular pathogens that either reside inside a vacu
271 inflammasome contributes to immunity against intracellular pathogens that express flagellin and type
272                                  Unlike most intracellular pathogens that gain access into host cells
273  Brucella spp. and Trypanosoma cruzi are two intracellular pathogens that have no evolutionary common
274                                  Viruses are intracellular pathogens that hijack host cell machinery
275                     Rickettsiae are obligate intracellular pathogens that induce their uptake into no
276 hich could allow the immune system to detect intracellular pathogens that might otherwise escape dete
277              Brucella species are infectious intracellular pathogens that replicate in professional a
278             Salmonella enterica are invasive intracellular pathogens that replicate within a membrane
279                  Legionella and Coxiella are intracellular pathogens that use the virulence-related I
280                               As an obligate intracellular pathogen, the apicomplexan parasite Toxopl
281                          In contrast to most intracellular pathogens these protozoans are believed to
282 ebae could function as a training ground for intracellular pathogens, they do not fully prepare patho
283 g; however, as C. trachomatis is an obligate intracellular pathogen, this procedure is technically de
284 ells play a crucial role in the clearance of intracellular pathogens through the generation of cytoto
285 acity, highlighting the adaptability of this intracellular pathogen to changing conditions in the hos
286 , may constitute a widespread strategy among intracellular pathogens to colonize new proliferation ni
287  a previously unidentified mechanism used by intracellular pathogens to inhibit autophagy, namely the
288 tor, is crucial for host defense against the intracellular pathogen Toxoplasma gondii, but prior infe
289 on (IFN-gamma), and host defense against the intracellular pathogens Toxoplasma gondii, Listeria mono
290                      The mechanisms by which intracellular pathogens trigger immunosuppressive pathwa
291                                     Obligate intracellular pathogens undergo several cellular decisio
292                                         Many intracellular pathogens use rafts as an entry gate, taki
293  of mitochondria - via encounter with motile intracellular pathogens, via external pressure applied b
294 ions for vaccines against cancer and several intracellular pathogens, where both humoral and cellular
295 ndergo rapid expansion during infection with intracellular pathogens, which is followed by swift and
296 rium Listeria monocytogenes is a facultative intracellular pathogen whose virulence depends on its ab
297                        Metabolic coupling of intracellular pathogens with host cells is essential for
298 s play an essential role in immunity against intracellular pathogens, with cytotoxicity being conside
299  Chromobacterium CipC-determines the fate of intracellular pathogens within both epithelial cells and
300 c screening that blocked infectivity of this intracellular pathogen without host cell toxicity (compo

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