ライフサイエンスコーパス: intranasally

1 survival (52%, p < 0.001 i.p.; 36%, p < 0.05 intranasally).

2 abrogated in Wt mice depleted of macrophages intranasally.

3 he DeltawaaI mutant when it was administered intranasally.

4 h of the nasal lamina propria when delivered intranasally.

5 n of alpha-galactosylceramide (alpha-GalCer) intranasally.

6 induce significant pneumonia when delivered intranasally.

7 Tpl2(+/+) controls, when challenged with OVA intranasally.

8 ent cell entry and inoculated rhesus monkeys intranasally.

9 s established in C57 (bg+/bg+) mice infected intranasally.

10 ergillus fumigatus conidia were administered intranasally.

11 ng it into the cortex or by administering it intranasally.

12 LX) particles that were introduced into mice intranasally.

13 attenuated wild-type VSV vectors when given intranasally.

14 termined by the concentration of SEB applied intranasally.

15 ess to chemical and physical stimuli applied intranasally.

16 ild-type A(H1N1)pdm09 virus was administered intranasally.

17 received a clinical challenge strain of RSV intranasally.

18 t does indeed reach the brain when delivered intranasally.

19 of a control vector (Ad.LacZ) or Ad.IFNbeta intranasally 3 and 4 weeks later, a time when lung tumor

20 Mice were exposed intranasally, 5 days per week, to liquefied brain tissue

21 Mice responded to intranasally administered 1018 ISS, a representative B c

22 Two groups of subjects were intranasally administered 160 IU insulin or vehicle afte

23 First, intranasally administered CDG greatly enhances Ag uptake

24 In an immunosuppressed mouse model, intranasally administered conidia of the mutant are sign

25 In vivo efficacy of intranasally administered DAS181 was assessed using a co

26 Intranasally administered DFO targets the brain directly

27 Intranasally administered HRF recruited inflammatory imm

28 ressing either SRV gag or env) vaccines were intranasally administered in 4 RMs, followed by a boost

29 ration-stable formulation of live attenuated intranasally administered influenza vaccine) or trivalen

30 22.2 +/- 0.37 kg/m(2)) aged 22-28 years were intranasally administered insulin (40 IU) or placebo aft

31 ches, we compared the safety and efficacy of intranasally administered live attenuated influenza vacc

32 anoparticle formulations increased uptake of intranasally administered nanoparticles in vivo, but the

33 authors examined the acute use of PH94B, an intranasally administered neurosteroidal aerosol, for th

34 tes in protective immunity induced either by intranasally administered nonreplicating viruslike parti

35 ontrolled, crossover design to determine how intranasally administered oxytocin and vasopressin modul

36 The effects of a single dose of 24 IU intranasally administered oxytocin were tested in a rand

37 satility of the rSeV platform for developing intranasally administered respiratory virus vaccines.

38 Intranasally administered ST266 accumulated in rodent ey

39 When intranasally administered to an Alzheimer's disease mous

40 to derive live attenuated viruses for use in intranasally administered vaccines that will induce a pr

41 ected mice were solidly protected against an intranasally administered, highly virulent Y. pestis CO9

42 Intranasally-administered, anti-SP-C-conjugated lipoplex

43 Ms 30D1 IgG administered intranasally also prevented transmission, suggesting the

44 Animals were infected intranasally and administered ST-246 for 14 days, beginn

45 ucts induce accelerated clearance when given intranasally and induce both immune mechanisms when inje

46 23], and mock/DEX [n = 25]) were inoculated intranasally and intratracheally with the ISU-1 strain o

47 In African green monkeys immunized intranasally and intratracheally, the mean peak titer of

48 Mice were injected intranasally and intravenously with either liposome-enca

49 noparticle performs better when administered intranasally and intravenously.

50 participants received either AVP or placebo intranasally and made decisions with financial consequen

51 C57BL/6 mice were infected intranasally and, 42 days later, they were depleted of C

52 10(4) IFU of C. trachomatis D was delivered intranasally, and mice were challenged transcervically 6

53 W alone and then challenged intratracheally, intranasally, and supraocularly with RW.

54 cts, very little of the huge amounts applied intranasally appears to reach the cerebrospinal fluid.

55 on, caudal penetration, and survivability of intranasally applied VSV depends on both innate and adap

56 All groups were challenged intranasally at 28 days with live hMPV.

57 Meningococcal NOMV could be administered intranasally at 400 mug with no pyrogenic activity, but

58 ug recombinant human IGF-1 were administered intranasally at a 1h interval starting at 0, 2 or 4h aft

59 Minnesota/11/2010 [H3N2 variant]) to ferrets intranasally at a dose of 10(6) 50% tissue culture infec

60 and the H7N1 avian viruses: when inoculated intranasally at a high dose, only the An/13 virus led to

61 cterial shedding is highest in pups infected intranasally at age 4 days and peaks over the first 4 da

62 cell-deficient mice received ovalbumin (OVA) intranasally before mating.

63 Given intranasally before RSV infection, BPZE1 markedly attenu

64 Our data show that intranasally but not subcutaneously administered BCG con

65 and lungs of mice infected intradermally or intranasally, but it is present at lower numbers in thes

66 tracheal delivery than when it was delivered intranasally by sprayer.

67 ioluminescent strain 536 and received 536_P1 intranasally, ceftriaxone, or control.

68 ficacy, mice were given CR6261 or CR9114 and intranasally challenged 24 h later with lethal doses of

69 so significantly attenuated for virulence in intranasally challenged C57BL/6 mice compared to the wil

70 et v 1 plus aluminium hydroxide adjuvant and intranasally challenged with birch pollen extract.

71 Female Igf1r-deficient and control mice were intranasally challenged with house dust mite (HDM) extra

72 lung homogenates and serum of mice that were intranasally challenged with LPS and received eIF5A siRN

73 Using neonatal rats intranasally colonized with pairs of marked Haemophilus

74 Exosomes injected intranasally could also recruit CD11b(+) cells into the

75 The ability of a novel intranasally delivered amnion cell derived biologic to s

76 ely through the gastro-intestinal tract than intranasally delivered antigen and transferrin conjugati

77 Labeled Ag was intranasally delivered into mouse lung to track the migr

78 enicity, and efficacy of an investigational, intranasally delivered norovirus viruslike particle (VLP

79 Although intranasally delivered OT likely affects behavior, there

80 First, the intranasally delivered OT may diffuse directly into the

81 Second, the intranasally delivered OT may trigger increased central

82 shed findings supporting the hypothesis that intranasally delivered oxytocin (OT) can enhance the pro

83 BALB/c mice were repeatedly intranasally dosed over the course of 5 weeks with cultu

84 C57BL/6 mice were intranasally dosed with fluticasone propionate (1 mg/kg)

85 LPS was introduced intranasally either alone or 2 h after pretreatment of m

86 dy responses were analyzed in mice immunized intranasally either with Salmonella enterica serovar Typ

87 lar effects were seen when KGF was delivered intranasally every third day for 15 days, but weight los

88 type H2(b)) mice vaccinated either orally or intranasally exhibited a significant reduction in coloni

89 Type III mutants inoculated intranasally exhibited only a minor defect in replicatio

90 A group of mice was also intranasally exposed to house dust mite antigen.

91 Mice were exposed intranasally for 3 wk to MI (isolated from MWFs), Saccha

92 Animals were immunized intranasally (i.n.) and/or intramuscularly (i.m.) and su

93 ntigens (Ag) to Fcgamma receptors (FcgammaR) intranasally (i.n.) enhances immunogenicity and protecti

94 nuated in mice; the 50% lethal dose (LD(50)) intranasally (i.n.) is >10,000-fold that of LVS.

95 ups of six guinea pigs (gps) were challenged intranasally (i.n.) or intraperitoneally (i.p.) with 10,

96 mice caused severe disease when administered intranasally (i.n.) or intraperitoneally (i.p.).

97 agellin-modified CS constructs, administered intranasally (i.n.) or subcutaneously (s.c.), developed

98 HIV/SIV) recombinant priming delivered first intranasally (i.n.) plus orally and then intratracheally

99 d parainfluenza virus infection to show that intranasally (i.n.) primed memory CD8+ T cells possess a

100 In vivo, BALB/c mice intranasally (i.n.) treated with poly(I:C) (100 microg/m

101 , and a positive control group was immunized intranasally (i.n.) with 10(4) inclusion-forming units (

102 BALB/c mice vaccinated intranasally (i.n.) with KKF24 and subsequently challeng

103 t (KO) mice infected intradermally (i.d.) or intranasally (i.n.) with LVS succumbed to infection with

104 eumoniae was tested by infecting BALB/c mice intranasally (i.n.) with S. pneumoniae after i.n. admini

105 ous protein delivered subcutaneously (s.c.), intranasally (i.n.), i.m., or transcutaneously (t.c.).

106 When used as a vaccine given intranasally (i.n.), INA-inactivated influenza virus ind

107 r recombinant PspA (rPspA) alone was used to intranasally immunize wild-type (WT) and hFcgammaRI tran

108 tion of IgA and IgG1 in the fecal pellets of intranasally immunized adult mice indicates an induced i

109 ctor sites and secondary lymphoid tissues of intranasally immunized BALB/c mice after challenge with

110 We intranasally immunized C57BL6 mice with syngeneic, bone

111 We also intranasally immunized groups of mice with a recombinant

112 Additionally, BALB/c mice intranasally immunized with CLH001 in a prime/boost regi

113 ated infection of spleens and livers of mice intranasally immunized with either vaccine compared to i

114 Mice and guinea pigs were intranasally immunized with recombinant Bacillus anthrac

115 Mice intranasally immunized with the vesicle preparation deve

116 Mice intranasally immunized with WCV-OVA(1), but not with WCV

117 It is immunogenic and safe when given intranasally in adult volunteers.

118 cosal adjuvant, respectively, when immunized intranasally in mice.

119 of solution or Kolliphor P 407 gels (KP 407) intranasally in Sprague-Dawley rats.

120 Three groups of C57BL/6 mice were treated intranasally (IN) and intraperitoneally (IP) daily for 3

121 We infected these mice intranasally (IN) with a wild-type MV expressing green f

122 this end female mice were immunized with CTB intranasally (IN), IP, and subcutaneously (SC).

123 s encoding hMPV F protein, when administered intranasally, induced F-specific virus-neutralizing anti

124 VRPs, when administered intranasally, induced surface glycoprotein-specific viru

125 e efficient than those derived from lungs of intranasally infected animals in clearing intestinal inf

126 of orally infected mice and in the lungs of intranasally infected animals.

127 We subcutaneously or intranasally infected bats with TCRV strain TRVL-11573,

128 We intranasally infected C57BL/6 mice with P. aeruginosa an

129 eing largely limited to nasal epithelium for intranasally infected guinea pigs and more widespread in

130 n is induced in the lungs and nasopharynx of intranasally infected mice, and a copA(-) mutant strain,

131 related with diminished virus replication in intranasally infected mice.

132 o the parental 1918 and LPAI H1N1 viruses in intranasally infected mice.

133 with virus-specific CD8 T cells in lungs of intranasally infected mice.

134 and was associated with higher mortality of intranasally infected mice.

135 ype and A2AP-deficient (A2AP(-/-)) mice were intranasally infected with B. pseudomallei to induce sev

136 Mice were intranasally infected with bacteria alone or bacteria pl

137 Mice intranasally infected with D39 preincubated with FH had

138 In this study, mice were intranasally infected with either high or low doses of B

139 Mice were intranasally infected with live B. pseudomallei and kill

140 a, IRAK-M- deficient and wild-type mice were intranasally infected with S. pneumoniae.

141 , vehicle control- or TCDD-treated mice were intranasally infected with S. pneumoniae.

142 Mice were intranasally infected with S. pneumoniae.

143 Mice were intranasally infected with viable B. pseudomallei and ki

144 Mice were intranasally infected with viable Burkholderia pseudomal

145 were recovered from the intestinal tract of intranasally inoculated ferrets.

146 All four human isolates were fatal to intranasally inoculated ferrets.

147 lls and decreased bacteremia in the lungs of intranasally inoculated mice.

148 Only guinea pigs intranasally inoculated with a live influenza virus or a

149 te SP-D binding in vivo, SP-D(-/-) mice were intranasally inoculated with Alexa Fluor 488-labeled cap

150 irst cell type infected in the lungs of mice intranasally inoculated with F. novicida U112, LVS, or F

151 alveolar lavage fluids and in sera from mice intranasally inoculated with HA-KO/PspA virus, and mice

152 Male Wistar rats were intranasally inoculated with herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV

153 on of IL-6 production in the tonsils of pigs intranasally inoculated with NS4B.VGIv were significantl

154 CBA/J mice were intranasally inoculated with saline, 1 x 10(6) (BOOP), o

155 Golden Syrian hamsters that were intranasally inoculated with SARS-CoV were treated with

156 Both adult and young chickens intranasally inoculated with the virus became infected a

157 Absorption of intranasally instilled 54Mn was significantly reduced in

158 i.p.-sensitization mouse model, Amb-APE was intranasally instilled for 11 consecutive days.

159 s of alveolar macrophages in vivo when it is intranasally instilled into dexamethasone-immunosuppress

160 e to reach the brain when it is administered intranasally into an immunocompetent mouse and is contai

161 When inoculated intranasally into hamsters, there was essentially no dif

162 ccine candidates, strain 4295 was inoculated intranasally into Hermann's tortoises (Testudo hermanni)

163 n these cultures were harvested and injected intranasally into mice, no bacteria could be recovered f

164 ies presented here show that when inoculated intranasally into mice, rM51R-M virus was cleared from n

165 rculosis-infected macrophages, when injected intranasally into mice, stimulate TNF-alpha and IL-12 pr

166 ng, while clearance of neutrophils delivered intranasally into uninfected mice was reduced in AM depl

167 Mte), lyophilized, pulverized and inoculated intranasally into white-tailed deer once a week for 6 we

168 ALB/c mice with live Deltacps1 spores either intranasally, intraperitoneally, or subcutaneously resul

169 culated them with attenuated or virulent HRV intranasally, intravenously, or orally or via feeding tu

170 with live, attenuated vaccine (administered intranasally) is not currently recommended [corrected] f

171 Delivered by smoking or intranasally, nCB persisted indefinitely in mouse lung,

172 or the major allergen Amb a 1 was instilled intranasally on 1-11 consecutive days, and allergic airw

173 Mice primed intranasally on days 0 and 28 with CVD 908-htrA(pSEC10tc

174 Mice were challenged intranasally on days 0, 3 and 6 with a filtrate of Alter

175 Superantigens were administered intranasally on multiple occasions, and experimental ani

176 acaques that were immunized mucosally (i.e., intranasally) on days 0 and 14.

177 KO]) mice infected with LVS intradermally or intranasally or anti-IL-6-treated mice, showed greatly r

178 nd transmissibility among animals inoculated intranasally or by aerosols with a human (H3N2) or avian

179 Challenge was subsequently performed intranasally or epicutaneously with ovalbumin and a seco

180 rCK12a delivered intranasally or i.p. stimulates the expression of CD8alp

181 , 0.5, or 1 x 10(6) cell per pup) were given intranasally or i.p. to newborn severe combined immunode

182 were assessed in mice and ferrets inoculated intranasally or intragastrically with virus in liquid.

183 Mice immunized intranasally or intratracheally with the F1 antigen of Y

184 of BALB/c female mice were immunized either intranasally or intravaginally with live elementary bodi

185 L-25, or IL-33 signaling were exposed to HDM intranasally or peanut intragastrically, and immune infl

186 When they were administered intranasally or subcutaneously in cotton rats, the candi

187 creased the virulence of spores administered intranasally or subcutaneously to C57BL/6 mice but not t

188 V F was equally protective when administered intranasally or subcutaneously.

189 an when the virus was used to vaccinate mice intranasally or subcutaneously.

190 ld-type and ILC2-deficient mice were exposed intranasally or systemically to the TH2-inducing antigen

191 1:1 ratio to davunetide (30 mg twice daily, intranasally) or placebo for 52 weeks at 48 centres in A

192 in mice challenged with WEEV subcutaneously, intranasally, or via mosquito.

193 Mice were challenged with LPS/elastase intranasally over 4 weeks, resulting in a chronically in

194 Mice were exposed to 5 doses of HDM intranasally over a 16-day period.

195 e experimental asthma, and IL-37 was applied intranasally prior to each OVA challenge.

196 live-attenuated P. aeruginosa vaccine given intranasally protected mice against acute lethal pneumon

197 The conjugate administered intranasally protected mice against experimental NP colo

198 wn that fusion-inhibitory peptides delivered intranasally provide effective prophylaxis against MV in

199 n, that fusion-inhibitory peptides delivered intranasally provide effective prophylaxis against MV in

200 When administered to mice intranasally, they preferentially accumulate in the lung

201 Given to mice intranasally, this vaccine elicits antibody-independent,

202 A/chicken/Hong Kong/G9/97 were administered intranasally to 50 adults in isolation; 41 participants

203 Naive mice were exposed intranasally to a combination of common airborne allerge

204 K-rasG12D mutant mice were given Ad.Cre intranasally to activate the oncogene.

205 heat-killed C. neoformans were administered intranasally to C57BL/6 mice.

206 hagocytic cell labeling dye was administered intranasally to label resident alveolar macrophages (AMs

207 nd poly(inosinic-cytidylic) acid was applied intranasally to mice with already established experiment

208 ding protein (MBP::VP6) and was administered intranasally to mice.

209 s) specific for IL-4Ralpha were administered intranasally to neonatal mice at the time of primary inf

210 Non-diabetic and diabetic rats were intranasally treated with saline, isoproterenol (to incr

211 aureus (MSSA) were asked to apply mupirocin intranasally twice daily for up to 5 days and to bathe d

212 y replicated in the lungs of mice inoculated intranasally under anesthesia to cause significant morbi

213 85 (LepNP85) and administered this conjugate intranasally using the nose-to-brain (INB) route to bypa

214 tively prime pulmonary cellular immunity, we intranasally vaccinated microMT mice with live replicati

215 BALB/c or C57BL/6 mice that were intranasally vaccinated with 10(8) CFU of FTT1103 mutant

216 Mice intranasally vaccinated with a site-directed (indicated

217 Mice intranasally vaccinated with M2KO virus developed protec

218 anate (FITC)-labeled control siRNA delivered intranasally was found in the cytoplasm of neurons and g

219 Immune sera administered intranasally were able to confer 100% protection from a

220 T) and wild-type (WT) controls were infected intranasally with 10 000 focus-forming units of influenz

221 Twenty-one healthy adults were inoculated intranasally with 10(6) plaque-forming units of rHMPV-SH

222 12 (p35) KO BALB/c mice were inoculated once intranasally with 10(7) CFU of M. pneumoniae.

223 iprocal bone marrow transfer were inoculated intranasally with 10,000 PFU/mouse influenza A/WSN/33 (H

224 d twenty-month-old BALB/c mice were infected intranasally with 5 x 10(4) inclusion forming units (IFU

225 h PGE(2)-sufficient controls when challenged intranasally with a house dust mite extract.

226 a parallel experiment, mice were challenged intranasally with a lethal dose of S. pneumoniae D39.

227 Infant rats were inoculated intranasally with a mix of a PEN-R and PEN-S strains.

228 se, mice that were immunized systemically or intranasally with a recombinant vaccine composed of doma

229 Newborn mice primed intranasally with a single dose of S. Typhi(F1) elicited

230 C57BL/6 mice were challenged intranasally with A. fumigatus conidia weekly, and leuko

231 participated in a DEP trial were challenged intranasally with allergen after having been exposed to

232 WT and IP(-/-) mice were challenged intranasally with Alternaria alternata extract for 4 con

233 ive wild-type (WT) mice were challenged once intranasally with Alternaria.

234 x/flox)] littermates (+/+ mice) when treated intranasally with an extract of the dust mite Dermatopha

235 Mice inoculated intranasally with any of these live recombinant viruses

236 Mice were then challenged intranasally with BALB/c-adapted A/New Caledonia influen

237 thout LTR192G as the adjuvant and challenged intranasally with C. jejuni 81-176 or CG8486.

238 a negative control, and mice were inoculated intranasally with C. muridarum as positive controls.

239 t also lacked TLR2, TLR4, MyD88, or LXRalpha intranasally with C. pneumoniae followed by feeding of a

240 regimen, in which animals were boosted twice intranasally with C.1086 gp120 and the TLR 7/8 agonist R

241 When given intranasally with cholera toxin adjuvant, the fusion con

242 o yeast glucan particles and then challenged intranasally with Coccidioides showed early lung infiltr

243 Mice were immunized intranasally with each protein with or without LTR192G a

244 Mice were inoculated intranasally with each virus and monitored for morbidity

245 Ten days later, mice were infected intranasally with either RSV or UV-inactivated RSV.

246 Mice immunized intranasally with Gag-Fc plus CpG adjuvant developed loc

247 ction, mice were immunized subcutaneously or intranasally with GAS CHO conjugated to tetanus toxoid,

248 Pigs either were vaccinated intranasally with GII.4/1997 NoV (VA387)-derived P parti

249 Mice were infected intranasally with H7 viruses of high and low pathogenici

250 MX001 to acyclovir in BALB/c mice inoculated intranasally with HSV types 1 or 2.

251 basophils from atopic asthmatics challenged intranasally with human rhinovirus 16 were monitored dir

252 als) held in individual pens were inoculated intranasally with IDV strain D/bovine/Mississippi/C00046

253 We treated BALB/c mice intranasally with IL-13 or IL-17 alone or in combination

254 Vaccination of TRP-SIY mice intranasally with influenza virus that expresses the SIY

255 Mice immunized intranasally with killed S. aureus cells showed reduced

256 oked and on going pain whereas animals dosed intranasally with LENK alone were unresponsive.

257 of those with carriage, 10 were rechallenged intranasally with live 6B Streptococcus pneumoniae up to

258 d with unvaccinated controls, mice immunized intranasally with live D27-pLpxL exhibit a decreased bac

259 d wild-type C57BL/6 controls were challenged intranasally with low doses of an extract derived from t

260 Here we show that C-Ps given intranasally with mucosal adjuvant increased the resista

261 D) in both uninfected mice and mice infected intranasally with murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV).

262 ch interferon (IFN)gammaR(-/-) mice infected intranasally with murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV68) dev

263 ath of A/J mice inoculated subcutaneously or intranasally with mutant spores was lower than that for

264 Controls inoculated intranasally with nonreplicating rotavirus-like particle

265 e responses in adult B6 and Bc mice infected intranasally with NSV.

266 rch pollen allergic subjects were challenged intranasally with omalizumab, placebo or birch pollen al

267 ccus pneumoniae and treated intravenously or intranasally with P4 and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVI

268 S100a9(-/-) mice that were infected intranasally with pneumococci rapidly succumbed, with 80

269 infection, we treated pathogen-exposed mice intranasally with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid conden

270 mice were immunized either subcutaneously or intranasally with purified Brucella melitensis lipopolys

271 Mice were infected intranasally with rhinovirus (RV) immediately after O2 e

272 Mice immunized intranasally with rM51R vectors expressing vaccinia viru

273 BALB/c mice were infected intranasally with RSV strain A2.

274 ild-type and CXCR2(-/-) mice were inoculated intranasally with RV1B or sham HeLa cell supernatant.

275 ng RNA knockdown of lung MD2 were challenged intranasally with RWPE or CDE, and innate and allergic i

276 re significantly attenuated in mice infected intranasally with S. aureus deficient in beta-toxin comp

277 nized intraperitoneally with purified Shr or intranasally with Shr-expressing Lactococcus lactis.

278 Recipient mice were challenged intranasally with soluble ovalbumin (OVA), and OVA-speci

279 Brains of mice infected intranasally with SPBN-TNF-alpha+ showed significantly l

280 nd mortality were monitored in mice infected intranasally with SPBNgamma or SPBN(-) control virus to

281 We then infected A/J mice intranasally with spores that harbored the germination r

282 esus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) was inoculated intranasally with STAT1-blind MV, viremia was short-live

283 When mice were challenged intranasally with Streptococcus pneumoniae 7 d postinfec

284 ND4-SW mice were infected intranasally with Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 3 (W

285 as induced in mice, and animals were treated intranasally with TGA either simultaneously with treatme

286 Mice were immunized intranasally with the combined conjugates consisting of

287 Mice infected intranasally with the Deltactu mutant showed significant

288 virus intraperitoneally and then challenged intranasally with the homologous H3N2 virus.

289 BALB/c mice were infected intranasally with the live vaccine strain (LVS) of F. tu

290 BALB/c mice challenged intranasally with the mutant strain showed increased sur

291 esus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) was inoculated intranasally with the SLAM-blind virus, no clinical symp

292 Mice infected intranasally with the SPD0420 and SPD1774 mutants surviv

293 Mice immunized intranasally with Ty21a-AR-Ss produced antibodies agains

294 Mice were challenged intranasally with virulent B. melitensis strain 16M 4 we

295 th live attenuated Y. pestis and challenging intranasally with virulent plague, nearly 20% of pulmona

296 urden and increased survival when challenged intranasally with virulent Y. pestis.

297 Neonatal mice immunized intranasally with VP6/LT(R192G) were unprotected at 10 d

298 d T cell-mediated defense in mice challenged intranasally with Y. pestis.

299 e obtained when the vaccine was administered intranasally, with the i.d. route requiring 25-40 times

300 ystemic antibody responses when administered intranasally without additional adjuvants.