ライフサイエンスコーパス: intrathecal

1 ss of the larger antibody from the CSF, with intrathecal 0.75 m mannitol increasing the number of per

2 In anesthetized rats pretreated with intrathecal A2A receptor antagonist injections before mA

3 Using intrathecal adeno-associated virus serotype 9-based deli

4 y, and pharmacokinetics of ISIS 333611 after intrathecal administration in patients with SOD1-related

5 Intrathecal administration is of growing interest for dr

6 Intrathecal administration of a Ca(2+)-permeable AMPAR s

7 Intrathecal administration of a palmitoylated peptide co

8 Intrathecal administration of AM1710 also attenuated pac

9 Targeting the spinal cord via intrathecal administration of an adeno-associated virus

10 Intrathecal administration of BzATP resulted in ROS prod

11 We report that systemic and intrathecal administration of cannabidiol (CBD), a major

12 Intrathecal administration of IL4-10 dose-dependently in

13 Intrathecal administration of lentivirus containing the

14 Intrathecal administration of MRP14 before infection rev

15 In the hot-plate test, intrathecal administration of N-acetyl-p-benzoquinoneimi

16 pregnancy-related analgesia is reversible by intrathecal administration of naloxone, suggesting an op

17 Intrathecal administration of oligodeoxynucleotide antis

18 Coadministering morphine with intrathecal administration of pharmacological inhibitors

19 Moreover, intrathecal administration of rapamycin, a selective inh

20 Intrathecal administration of RSA 504 and RSA 601 did no

21 Intrathecal administration of RvD2 at very low doses (0.

22 The intrathecal administration of small interfering RNAs aga

23 Intrathecal administration of ssRNA40 causes widespread

24 Similarly, intrathecal administration of the IL-1 receptor antagoni

25 We have shown that intrathecal administration of transforming growth factor

26 Intrathecal administration of vasodilators or fibrinolyt

27 ramatically reinstated with NPY knockdown or intrathecal administration of Y1 or Y2 receptor antagoni

28 tor activation and this could be reversed by intrathecal administration of yohimbine (alpha-2-adrenoc

29 Upon intrathecal administration the elimination rate constant

30 Following intrathecal administration, beta-endorphin (10-100 nmol)

31 Moreover, when FXN LNPs were delivered by intrathecal administration, we detected recombinant huma

32 ovide radiation safety estimates specific to intrathecal administration.

33 etry estimation for regions most relevant in intrathecal administration.

34 Finally, spinal (intrathecal) administration of IFN-alpha reduced inflamm

35 rt that peripheral (intraplantar) or spinal (intrathecal) administration of RvE1 or RvD1 in mice pote

36 Subcutaneous, but not intrathecal, administration of APAP elicited a dose depe

37 with empirical antifungal therapy, including intrathecal amphotericin B, while results of fungal cult

38 (ALL) therapy and provide data on safety of intrathecal and high-dose MTX rechallenge in patients wi

39 In the current study, intrathecal and intracerebellar injections were added to

40 rmacokinetics of ziconotide in CSF following intrathecal and intravenous (i.v.) administration of zic

41 in lower absorbed dose estimates for several intrathecal and nonintrathecal regions.

42 , revealed physiological differences between intrathecal and systemic immunity, irrespective of final

43 Of 13 patients rechallenged with intrathecal and/or high-dose MTX, 12 did not experience

44 ckade of the anti-inflammatory activity with intrathecal anti-IL10 unmasks neuropathic pain behavior

45 ases in peripheral CD4+ T cells and JC virus intrathecal antibodies were observed.

46 TSP4 blockade by intrathecal antibodies, antisense oligodeoxynucleotides,

47 the relative pathological roles of serum and intrathecal antibodies, the mechanisms of autoantibody g

48 ll LNB cases verified by a positive Borrelia intrathecal antibody index test performed at the Departm

49 oglobulin G at the time of positive Borrelia intrathecal antibody index test were negative in 67 pati

50 Our findings emphasize that intrathecal antibody synthesis does not necessarily refl

51 re autoimmune disorder characterized by high intrathecal antibody synthesis.

52 Intrathecal antisense for PKCepsilon did not inhibit eit

53 osorbent assays, surgical interventions, and intrathecal antisense treatments.

54 We previously showed that intrathecal application of endomorphin 2 [EM2; the highl

55 In vivo, neither topical (10-200microM) nor intrathecal application of icilin (0.1nM to 1microM) aff

56 itting information underlying itch caused by intrathecal application of morphine have not been identi

57 We found that intrathecal application of morphine increased ongoing ac

58 In addition, intrathecal application of morphine increased responses

59 Intrathecal application of morphine is among the most po

60 In vivo, intrathecal application of Nogo-A-blocking Abs resulted

61 Intrathecal applications of BC-1215 (a Fbxo3 activity in

62 ricular and intraparenchymal, intranasal and intrathecal) are discussed along with key barriers to CN

63 In addition, intrathecal as well as intraperitoneal pretreatment with

64 and TH17) and regulatory T cells, as well as intrathecal B-cell differentiation resulting in the gene

65 one (cohorts 1 and 2) or GCIPL corrected for intrathecal B-cell frequencies (cohort 1) were tested fo

66 GCIPL volumes were associated with increased intrathecal B-cell frequencies (median, 1.96% [IQR, 1.45

67 Loss of GCIPL is associated with intrathecal B-cell immunity and constitutes an independe

68 versification could be observed, and whether intrathecal B-cell repertoires, if present, were related

69 Neuromodulation interventions, such as intrathecal baclofen and deep brain stimulation, are pro

70 Also, intrathecal bumetanide significantly attenuated hyperalg

71 S pathway contributions to enhanced pLTF via intrathecal (C4) delivery of small interfering RNAs targ

72 at and mechanical hypersensitivity evoked by intrathecal capsaicin and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (T

73 spinal fluid samples were collected using an intrathecal catheter at defined times to compare cerebra

74 n of a headache is not of value, although an intrathecal catheter may prove to be the best method for

75 e specific Kir6.2-siRNA were injected via an intrathecal catheter.

76 The use of intrathecal catheters for the prevention of a headache i

77 L volumes correlated with the frequencies of intrathecal CD56bright natural killer cells (r = 0.28; P

78 e dose of etoposide (950 to 450 mg/m(2)) and intrathecal central nervous system prophylaxis while omi

79 stem leukemia can be adequately managed with intrathecal chemotherapy and rarely requires radiotherap

80 Indicated treatment for MC usually involves intrathecal chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy, alt

81 drugs with a higher CNS bioavailability and intrathecal chemotherapy is advisable to prevent CNS rel

82 ases, prophylactic CNS-directed conventional intrathecal chemotherapy is required for relapse-free su

83 ation, alterations in number of risk-adapted intrathecal chemotherapy treatments for CNS prophylaxis,

84 Intrathecal chemotherapy was administered.

85 cts of care related to surgery, systemic and intrathecal chemotherapy, intensive chemotherapy with au

86 b 140 mg/day (100 mg/day over 70 years) with intrathecal chemotherapy, vincristine, and dexamethasone

87 sed for various combinations of systemic and intrathecal chemotherapy, whole-brain radiotherapy, and

88 te, capped vincristine, and used combination intrathecal chemotherapy.

89 une surveillance, as well as several ongoing intrathecal clinical trials.

90 tion of full-length IgG could be enhanced by intrathecal co-infusion of hyperosmolar mannitol.

91 of studying immune responses directly in the intrathecal compartment.

92 AP12 was required for both nerve injury- and intrathecal CSF1-induced upregulation of pain-related mi

93 f microglia were then evaluated by prolonged intrathecal delivery of a cathepsin S (CatS) inhibitor a

94 21-5p is upregulated in DRG neurons and both intrathecal delivery of a miR-21-5p antagomir and condit

95 nduced pMF required spinal aPKC activity, as intrathecal delivery of a zeta-pseudosubstrate inhibitor

96 This trial is the first clinical study of intrathecal delivery of an antisense oligonucleotide.

97 In contrast, intrathecal delivery of glibenclamide, a KATP channel bl

98 This report investigates the intrathecal delivery of lentiviruses for long-term expre

99 Intrathecal delivery of microglial inhibitors, a CatS in

100 Finally, the early introduction by intrathecal delivery of MO oligomers is a potential trea

101 Intrathecal delivery of MT-I/II to adult DRGs also promo

102 Using intrathecal delivery of scAAV9 expressing an shRNA targe

103 Moreover, intrathecal delivery of TGF-beta2 during the effector ph

104 Intrathecal delivery of the S1PR1 antagonist W146 reduce

105 okinetics, and clinical efficacy of multiple intrathecal doses of nusinersen (6 mg and 12 mg dose equ

106 Administration of multiple intrathecal doses of nusinersen showed acceptable safety

107 rategy in patients with suspected failure of intrathecal drug administration systems.

108 PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Intrathecal drug delivery (IDD) continues to gain releva

109 Implantable intrathecal drug delivery systems (IDDS) are basic tool

110 r) was the most potent member of the series (intrathecal ED50 approximately 9 fmol per mouse), wherea

111 Intrathecal EPO at C4 elicits long-lasting pMF; integrat

112 oth under control conditions and with lumbar intrathecal fentanyl impairing feedback from mu-opioid r

113 er control conditions (CTRL) and with lumbar intrathecal fentanyl impairing lower limb muscle afferen

114 ion under placebo conditions and with lumbar intrathecal fentanyl impairing spinal mu-opioid receptor

115 Lumbar intrathecal fentanyl was used to attenuate the central p

116 n the past few years we and others have used intrathecal fentanyl, a mu-opiate receptor agonist, in h

117 ith preservation of central motor output via intrathecal fentanyl: (a) reduced the mean arterial bloo

118 oride (a non-specific PKC inhibitor, 10nmol, intrathecal) for 14 days.

119 altered exocytotic dynamics, which involved intrathecal granule swelling that was abruptly followed

120 rolled at RUMC, and were assigned to receive intrathecal HPbetaCD at a starting dose of 200 mg every

121 nrolled and sequentially assigned to receive intrathecal HPbetaCD at a starting dose of 50 mg per mon

122 cohorts of three to receive monthly initial intrathecal HPbetaCD at doses of 50, 200, 300, or 400 mg

123 ERPRETATION: Patients with NPC1 treated with intrathecal HPbetaCD had slowed disease progression with

124 escalation phase 1-2a study, we gave monthly intrathecal HPbetaCD to participants with NPC1 with neur

125 ltinational, randomised, controlled trial of intrathecal HPbetaCD.

126 to assess the safety and efficacy of lumbar intrathecal HPbetaCD.

127 nce following repeated bolus i.p. or chronic intrathecal HUP-A dosing.

128 The current study evaluated the effect of intrathecal (i.t.) and intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.)

129 Here, we demonstrate that a local, intrathecal (i.t.) injection of bone marrow stromal cell

130 In the mouse tail-flick assay, intrathecal (i.t.) NNTA produced antinociception that wa

131 tinociception was sensitive to antagonism by intrathecal (i.t.) pretreatment with the kappa- and mu-s

132 In a model of peripheral neuropathy, intrathecal (i.th.) administration of ligand 14 reversed

133 ery into the lumbosacral subarachnoid space (intrathecal; i.t.).

134 The extent of intrathecal IgG in MS is influenced by the IGHC locus.

135 disease multiple sclerosis correlating with intrathecal IgG production, as well as in the serum of t

136 ncies (median, 1.96% [IQR, 1.45%-4.20%]) and intrathecal IgG synthesis (median cerebrospinal fluid/se

137 associated with the IgG index as a marker of intrathecal IgG synthesis in MS.

138 Therefore GM haplotypes might affect intrathecal IgG synthesis independently of the underlyin

139 Whereas the extent of intrathecal IgG synthesis varies largely between patient

140 d be taken into consideration when designing intrathecal imaging studies.

141 Intrathecal immune activation was identified in some sub

142 n of clonally related B cells that shape the intrathecal immune repertoire.

143 consistent with a model where the CNS shapes intrathecal immune responses to provide effective protec

144 insight about disease-specific phenotypes of intrathecal immune responses.

145 tility in determining the presence of active intrathecal inflammation in diagnostically uncertain cas

146 The cell-specific biomarkers of intrathecal inflammation may improve diagnosis and manag

147 re therapeutic developments in patients with intrathecal inflammation that is not captured by imaging

148 roved accuracy of predicting the presence of intrathecal inflammation to the consistently good to exc

149 hindered by an inability to reliably measure intrathecal inflammation.

150 by the lack of reliable biomarkers of active intrathecal inflammation.

151 strate poor correlation between systemic and intrathecal inflammatory biomarkers in patients with neu

152 mmunophenotyping captures the biology of the intrathecal inflammatory processes, it has the potential

153 whole brain in a size-dependent manner after intrathecal infusion in rats using ex vivo fluorescence

154 Chronic intrathecal infusion of NG2-Ab improved the following de

155 Intrathecal infusion of the PACAP antagonist PACAP(6-38)

156 cerebrospinal fluid drains, implantation of intrathecal infusion pumps, implantation of deep brain s

157 , phase 1 trial, we delivered ISIS 333611 by intrathecal infusion using an external pump over 11.5 h

158 1 was well tolerated when administered as an intrathecal infusion.

159 Moreover, intrathecal infusions of LRP1 agonists significantly enh

160 spinal neurons, and rapidly up-regulated by intrathecal injection (i.t.) of gp120.

161 ed a lentiviral vector using a single lumbar intrathecal injection and a myelin-specific promoter.

162 ongly attenuates chronic pain by systemic or intrathecal injection and completely blocks the second p

163 ry methods of direct intra-DRG injection and intrathecal injection have several disadvantages, includ

164 Finally, in vivo intrathecal injection of 5,6-EET caused mechanical allod

165 After intrathecal injection of a gene-specific antisense oligo

166 Intrathecal injection of a non-electrophilic cannabinoid

167 ar injection of IL-6 followed immediately by intrathecal injection of a PKMzeta inhibitor prevented t

168 dy, activation of spinal 5-HT(3) receptor by intrathecal injection of a selective 5-HT(3) receptor ag

169 Scratching behavior was also induced by the intrathecal injection of an Akt activator.

170 In addition, intrathecal injection of an NMDAR antagonist or systemic

171 Inhibition of endogenous IL-10 signaling by intrathecal injection of anti-IL-10 to WT mice or Rag1(-

172 Intraplantar and intrathecal injection of bile acids caused analgesia to

173 We found that, following intrathecal injection of capsaicin to eliminate the cent

174 ous studies, neither dorsal rhizotomy nor an intrathecal injection of capsaicin, which completely eli

175 Intrathecal injection of Cavbeta(3)-specific siRNA signi

176 In contrast, intrathecal injection of CSF1 induced mechanical hyperse

177 Intrathecal injection of CXCL13 was sufficient to induce

178 Finally, intrathecal injection of CXCL13-activated astrocytes ind

179 While PSA removal from NCAM by spinal intrathecal injection of endoneuraminidase-N (endo-N) di

180 Furthermore, healthy mice subjected to intrathecal injection of G-CSF exhibit pronounced viscer

181 pothesis, we used a mouse model generated by intrathecal injection of gp120 and compared the patholog

182 The intrathecal injection of GRP led to intense scratching,

183 Consistent with these observations, intrathecal injection of IL-33 enhanced CCI hyperalgesia

184 Intrathecal injection of L-arginine and SNAP significant

185 Intrathecal injection of minocycline reversed and preven

186 Moreover, intrathecal injection of MRP14 alone was sufficient to i

187 Intrathecal injection of NSO-MENK in rats did not evoke

188 Intrathecal injection of PDGF siRNA and morphine reverse

189 Intrathecal injection of pinacidil, a KATP channel opene

190 G neurons occurring in rats with CIPN, while intrathecal injection of ProTx II significantly attenuat

191 h recombinant TNFalpha in vitro and repeated intrathecal injection of recombinant TNFalpha in naive r

192 combinant TNFalpha in vitro, and by repeated intrathecal injection of recombinant TNFalpha in naive r

193 ats, as well as rats with Slack knockdown by intrathecal injection of short interfering RNA, exhibite

194 Intrathecal injection of Substance P activated this casc

195 monstrate an anti-hypersensitivity effect of intrathecal injection of the 5-HT3 receptor antagonist o

196 injection of prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) or intrathecal injection of the metabotropic glutamate rece

197 Intrathecal injection of the mu-opioid receptor agonist

198 Furthermore, intrathecal injection of the NMDAR antagonist significan

199 Furthermore, intrathecal injection of the Panx1 blockers or Panx1-spe

200 Intrathecal injection of TSP4 protein into naive rats is

201 ple for developing a possible alternative to intrathecal injection of ziconotide using a tunable VLP

202 revealed that, following intraganglionic or intrathecal injection, recombinant adeno-associated viru

203 0.82) but much higher than those obtained by intrathecal injection.

204 itoneal and intravenous injection as well as intrathecal injection.

205 Spinal (intrathecal) injection of carbenoxolone (a non-selective

206 nRACK) can be prevented, but not reversed by intrathecal injections of antisense oligodeoxynucleotide

207 Cutaneous and intrathecal injections of IL-31 evoked intense itch, and

208 Intrathecal injections of quipazine were given to each r

209 C57Bl6 mice were given intrathecal injections of small interfering RNAs to redu

210 brain and spinal cord when intracranial and intrathecal injections of the same AAV vector were combi

211 ive tissues when comparing intracranial with intrathecal injections.

212 Intrathecal interleukin (IL)-1beta concentrations were m

213 Since the late 1950s, intrathecal (IT) amphotericin B deoxycholate (AmBd) has

214 In the current work, we found that intrathecal (IT) delivery of the LOX inhibitor nordihydr

215 rage of synaptic events that were blocked by intrathecal kynurenate.

216 inous L(3)-L(4)) or active (fentanyl 25 mug, intrathecal L(3)-L(4)) spinal anesthesia.

217 This study demonstrates that a single intrathecal lentiviral gene delivery can lead to Schwann

218 Intrathecal lidocaine in the lithotomy position carries

219 d eight doses of rituximab and four doses of intrathecal liposomal cytarabine.

220 ine, and prednisone given every 21 days with intrathecal methotrexate and locoregional RT is the curr

221 dose >/=8000 mg/m(2) with hand weakness, and intrathecal methotrexate dose >/=225 mg with dorsiflexio

222 and enhanced nocifensive behaviors evoked by intrathecal mGluR1/5 agonist injection after the resolut

223 Intrathecal minocycline at the time of adult injury sele

224 Intrathecal Mito-tempol (a mitochondria-targeted O2(.-)s

225 ermal or mechanical hypersensitivity whereas intrathecal morphine (1microg) and gabapentin (200microg

226 at spinal dorsal horn neurons after repeated intrathecal morphine injections.

227 fectively prevented by either intravenous or intrathecal MSC transplantation (MSC-TP), which was perf

228 nificantly reversed by either intravenous or intrathecal MSCs when cells were transplanted after repe

229 Behavioral study showed that intrathecal mTOR inhibitor, rapamycin, did not affect ac

230 ymphoma refractory to high-dose systemic and intrathecal MTX plus IV rituximab.

231 In a separate pharmacological experiment, intrathecal NgR1 decoy protein administration was initia

232 r, CD56(bright) NK cells represent the major intrathecal NK-cell subset in both MS patients and healt

233 (P = .003), clinical relapses (P = .03), and intrathecal NMDAR-antibody synthesis (P < .001).

234 SF CXCL13 concentration that correlated with intrathecal NMDAR-antibody synthesis.

235 mechanical hyperalgesia that is prevented by intrathecal oligodeoxynucleotide antisense to CD44 mRNA,

236 peripherally induced priming is prevented by intrathecal oligodeoxynucleotide antisense to the nuclea

237 Intrathecal ondansetron (1, 3, 10, 30, and 100microg) pr

238 re effective in decreasing T(b) in rats than intrathecal or intracerebroventricular administration, i

239 e prediction of IgG brain distribution after intrathecal or intracerebroventricular infusion into the

240 al disorders (enzyme replacement therapy via intrathecal or intracerebroventricular routes or with fu

241 Intrathecal or peripheral administration of cyclopamine

242 fects after systemic (subcutaneous), spinal (intrathecal) or hindpaw (intraplantar) injections of tes

243 However, intrathecal PACAP did not show additive effects, suggest

244 In intrathecal PACAP-antagonist-treated rats, both BP and H

245 -ISF exchange across the rat brain following intrathecal paramagnetic contrast agent administration.

246 l cord (as prolonged hyperalgesia induced by intrathecal PGE2), but only when the mechanical stimulus

247 stems (IDDS) are basic tool enabling chronic intrathecal pharmacotherapy.

248 Intrathecal post-treatment of NPD1/PD1 also effectively

249 mation significantly increased spinal eLOX3; intrathecal pretreatment with either siRNA targeting Alo

250 Meanwhile, intrathecal pretreatment with naloxone, non-selective op

251 To define the role of radiotherapy and intrathecal prophylaxis in extralymphatic craniofacial i

252 This retrospective analysis does not support intrathecal prophylaxis or radiotherapy to ECFI patients

253 In 88 ECFI patients who received intrathecal prophylaxis with methotrexate, the 2-year ra

254 nophen also reversed hyperalgesia induced by intrathecal prostaglandin E2 To distinguish between a pe

255 icrospheres, obviating the need for invasive intrathecal pumps or catheters.

256 Silencing endogenous Rab7 with intrathecal Rab7-siRNA or, indirectly, by reversing nerv

257 (4) Intrathecal rapamycin (an mTORC1 inhibitor) displayed an

258 ecules to the central nervous system via the intrathecal route.

259 For delivery to the central nervous system, intrathecal routes of administration have been explored.

260 Intrathecal RvD2 also reversed adjuvant-induced inflamma

261 Finally, intrathecal RvD2 reversed C-fiber stimulation-evoked lon

262 Intrathecal RvE1 injection also inhibits spontaneous pai

263 aches have been restricted to using invasive intrathecal single-stranded oligonucleotide delivery.

264 human soluble TNF receptor 1 (sTNFR1) in the intrathecal space at the level of the phrenic motor nucl

265 ivirus-filled sponges were inserted into the intrathecal space surrounding the spinal cord, with tran

266 ose was estimated for each subject using the intrathecal-specific dosimetry application.

267 The intrathecal-specific VIDA implementation enables tailore

268 of Borrelia from CSF and/or demonstration of intrathecal synthesis of borrelial antibodies) was 67.9%

269 cytosis, elevated protein concentration, and intrathecal synthesis of borrelial immunoglobulin M and

270 n = 1) cerebrospinal fluid levels; there was intrathecal synthesis of glycine receptor antibodies in

271 inal fluid and serum samples demonstrated an intrathecal synthesis of IgG antibodies to the NR1 subun

272 Intrathecal synthesis of immunoglobulin gamma (IgG) synt

273 Although there was marked intrathecal synthesis of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor a

274 rum and cerebrospinal fluid samples revealed intrathecal synthesis of NMDAR antibodies.

275 atients have comparable numbers of activated intrathecal T and B cells, which are preferentially embe

276 on, soluble CD27 is a validated biomarker of intrathecal T-cell activation, with an area under the re

277 sCD27, known to best predict the presence of intrathecal T-cell mediated inflammation.

278 de, ifosphamide, corticosteroids, and triple intrathecal therapy.

279 f high-dose MTX and 13 to 25 doses of triple intrathecal therapy.

280 ed six courses of adjuvant chemotherapy with intrathecal thiotepa, consolidation chemotherapy, and au

281 Intrathecal TNF soluble receptor I (functionally blockin

282 bitory peptide (PKCzeta-PS) 35 min following intrathecal TNFalpha arrested TNFalpha-induced pMF (28 +

283 Intrathecal TNFalpha without neural apnoea was sufficien

284 of the non-GAD antibodies and peripheral and intrathecal transfer protocols, combined with adsorption

285 Here, we found that intrathecal transplantation of neural stem/precursor cel

286 Intrathecal treatment of WT mice with soluble IL-33 rece

287 Intrathecal treatment with antisense directed to IL-6 re

288 Intrathecal treatment with AP-18 also reduced TNFalpha-i

289 itionally, inhibition of the ATF6 pathway by intrathecal treatment with ATF6 siRNA reduced pain behav

290 Furthermore, intrathecal treatment with Cavbeta(3)-specific siRNA nor

291 (3) Intrathecal treatment with inhibitors to PI3K or Akt att

292 Intrathecal treatment with l-THP combined with the Sig-1

293 Intrathecal treatments did not significantly affect GAG

294 patients with CNS3 status received two extra intrathecal treatments during induction and augmented po

295 treatment; some low-dose dogs also received intrathecal treatments.

296 l layer volumes alone or in combination with intrathecal variables are associated with worsening of d

297 Furthermore, intrathecal VEGFA-165 administration at C4 elicits long-

298 Intrathecal VEGFA-165 increased phosphorylation (and pre

299 gesia, both of which effects were blocked by intrathecal wortmannin and rapamycin.

300 Importantly, intrathecal wortmannin at anti-hyperalgesic doses revers