ライフサイエンスコーパス: irradiance

1 itude changes in background light intensity (irradiance).

2 ng or inverting gratings) without changes in irradiance.

3 unit (LCU) is commonly characterized by its irradiance.

4 g twilight progression than simply measuring irradiance.

5 tion centers to protect themselves from high irradiance.

6 other marine organisms exposed to high-solar irradiance.

7 input dictates their response to changes in irradiance.

8 position, but gs was not plastic with growth irradiance.

9 climate their photosynthesis to the level of irradiance.

10 r photoaction spectra or total, incident UVB irradiance.

11 r hierarchy of response to low R:FRs and low irradiance.

12 ate lyase gene coinciding with highest solar irradiance.

13 nal and seasonal changes in natural sunlight irradiance.

14 af temperature, leaf moisture potential, and irradiance.

15 entration of the photo-acid generator and UV irradiance.

16 erestimations, depending on incident actinic irradiance.

17 natural water-splitting complex under excess irradiance.

18 ater number of cells developing under higher irradiance.

19 romised responses of stomatal conductance to irradiance.

20 valent, uniform decreases in the downwelling irradiance.

21 /behaviour purely according to environmental irradiance.

22 termined fundamentally by the incoming solar irradiance.

23 articular inorganic carbon and nitrogen, and irradiance.

24 lated phycobilisome proteins with increasing irradiance.

25 Plant photosynthesis tends to increase with irradiance.

26 ambient food density, inorganic nitrogen and irradiance.

27 surface water was negatively correlated with irradiance.

28 se rods responsive to modest contrast at any irradiance.

29 than twofold between the lowest and highest irradiance.

30 closing the emitter is exposed to peak solar irradiance.

31 e C (NTRC), plays a role specifically at low irradiance.

32 ing species tended to experience higher UV-B irradiance.

33 tween high sea-surface temperatures and high irradiance.

34 rous oxygen species is stimulated under high irradiance.

35 ent with 30-minute UV-A exposure at 3 mW/cm2 irradiance.

36 This avoids photoactivation at low irradiance.

37 mes, optimizing performance from low to high irradiance.

38 are thought to saturate at higher (photopic) irradiances.

39 , catalyst and OA concentrations, and photon irradiances.

40 d to air with or without O(3) and to varying irradiances.

41 [5] compared to those grown at lower photon irradiances.

42 y at excitation intensities well below solar irradiance (0.8 mW cm(-2)), which is on par with the low

43 tent when compared with cells grown at lower irradiances (10 and 40 muE m(-2) s(-1)), they grew much

44 Although cells acclimated to higher irradiances (150 and 300 muE m(-2)s(-1)) exhibited marke

45 s including heat, humidity, predation and UV irradiance(2-4).

46 ation in the current-voltage response across irradiances; 2) empirically-derived voltage- and light-d

47 lobeliads grown in a common garden under two irradiances (300/800 mumol photons m(-2) s(-1) ).

48 phototherapy, and had a higher mean level of irradiance (40 vs. 17 muW per square centimeter per nano

49 of seven Synechococcus isolates to moderate irradiances (5-80 muE m(-2) s(-1) ), and show that Synec

50 sponse curves across a wide range of corneal irradiances (7-14 log photons/cm(2) per second).

51 efficacy in the clinic using wavelengths and irradiances achievable with light-emitting diodes (LEDs)

52 brain's circadian clock cooperate to encode irradiance across a wide range of ambient-light intensit

53 Narrowband coherence increases with irradiance across large areas of the dLGN, but especiall

54 We measured downwelling spectral irradiance across multiple days in two locations in Nort

55 Paradoxically, raising irradiance across the photopic range increases the robus

56 radiance, but whether shade-induced drops in irradiance affect phyB activity has not been demonstrate

57 Apart from irradiance, all study parameters impacted significantly

58 Interestingly, even under high irradiance, almost all labeled de novo Chl was localized

59 from oil and gas activities, but when solar irradiance and absolute humidity, which are both require

60 Plants photosynthesizing under limiting irradiance and ambient CO2 in a custom-built chamber wer

61 nclude net photosynthetic rate at saturating irradiance and at ambient atmospheric CO2 concentration

62 tat species showed greater responsiveness to irradiance and CO2 , but lower responsiveness to VPD; a

63 circadian system combines both environmental irradiance and colour information to ensure that interna

64 changes at canopy scales, under varied total irradiance and diffuse fraction, in Alaskan shrub tundra

65 acts in the experiments that result in lower irradiance and drier soils, thus dampening the phenologi

66 imary production (PP) using a combination of irradiance and fluorescence vertical profiles.

67 able, and reversible upon the return to high irradiance and high R:FRs.

68 by physical factors, including temperature, irradiance and hydrology.

69 nothece sp. ATCC 51142 under continuous high irradiance and in high CO2 concentration.

70 By experimentally manipulating solar irradiance and nighttime air humidity, we estimated that

71 ater pH, pCO2, temperature, redox chemistry, irradiance and nutrient availability.

72 duced VEP, its amplitude increases with peak irradiance and pulse duration, and decreases with freque

73 address this issue, we investigated whether irradiance and R:FRs have similar effects on the nuclear

74 ment parameters, including light wavelength, irradiance and radiant exposure, as well as cell culture

75 The net carbon assimilation rate (A) at high irradiance and saturating CO2 levels was reduced by one-

76 cate that the SCN contains information about irradiance and spatial patterns.

77 entration in the cornea is modulated by UV-A irradiance and temperature and quickly decreased at the

78 65-nm ultraviolet light (UV-A) under varying irradiance and temperature.

79 r, the energy density mismatch between solar irradiance and the low infrared radiation flux from a ne

80 our understanding of the covariation of UV-B irradiance and UV floral pigmentation from within specie

81 Responses of gs to irradiance and VPD were positively correlated across spe

82 g model strains cultured at different growth irradiances and temperatures.

83 he response of this ion channel to different irradiances and voltages, and used these data to develop

84 characterised by changes in both quantity ("irradiance") and quality ("colour") of light.

85 ol climate (temperature, humidity, rainfall, irradiance) and atmosphere conditions (O2 and CO2 concen

86 al responses to variations in ambient light (irradiance) and drives non-image-forming visual reflexes

87 ight stimulus (13 log quanta/cm(2)/s retinal irradiance) and recording pupillary responses for 50 sec

88 cal activity, race-ethnicity, regional solar irradiance, and age.

89 c state depending on the actual temperature, irradiance, and CO2 availability.

90 could be controlled by adjusting the timing, irradiance, and duration of irradiation.

91 ude of residence, mean annual regional solar irradiance, and intake of vitamin D varied considerably.

92 e mean temperature, daily temperature range, irradiance, and leaf moisture potential.

93 baseline vitamin D and calcium intake, solar irradiance, and other factors were similar.

94 coherent synchrotron light of high spectral irradiance, and the near-field signal is sensitively det

95 markable at higher levels of depletion laser irradiance, and virtually disappears in conventional con

96 o environmental variation in temperature and irradiance, as well as biotic invasions which can cause

97 and ventricular cells requiring the highest irradiance at all pulse durations.

98 Genotypic variation in the irradiance at which energy flux into photoprotective dis

99 very dim "scotopic" light levels but also at irradiances at which pattern vision relies heavily on co

100 was found between TP and both absorbance of irradiance (at 420 nm, filtered) and altitude for all la

101 t a recently developed proxy for ultraviolet irradiance based on spore and pollen chemistry can be us

102 de a reconstruction of past changes in solar irradiance based on the pollen record from Lake Bosumtwi

103 eristics, tracking sinusoidal modulations in irradiance best at lower temporal frequencies and respon

104 comparatively weak and highly variable solar irradiance between 280 and 300 nm, a range to which the

105 n a range from 30 to 50 m with varying laser irradiance between 8.2 and 1.3 GW cm(-2).

106 Pupillary responses to high-irradiance blue light associated more strongly with dise

107 us eyes, reduced pupillary responses to high-irradiance blue light were associated with greater visua

108 When cells are exposed to increased irradiance, both tagged Psb28 proteins additionally asso

109 k average increases in water temperature and irradiance, but the majority of species exhibited a fixe

110 n to its effect on R:FRs, shade also reduces irradiance, but whether shade-induced drops in irradianc

111 tivity is initially strongly reduced at high irradiances, but progressively recovers to allow respons

112 modulation of the influence of reduced solar irradiance by the cumulative effect of cool North Atlant

113 resentation of such very slow alterations in irradiance by the early visual system has been little st

114 as Purkinje, constant light at extremely low irradiance can be used for fine control of oscillatory f

115 genes for the photosynthetic response to an irradiance change.

116 eviously estimated large range of past solar irradiance changes could be excluded.

117 The irradiance changes in QD PL indicate quantitatively the

118 at least 10 h and can probably track gradual irradiance changes over the course of the day.

119 ources internal to the climate system, solar irradiance changes, and volcanic forcing.

120 d responses of stomatal conductance (gs ) to irradiance, CO2 , and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) for 1

121 As a result of these local irradiance coding properties, our data establish that ph

122 rganic pollutants, also considering that the irradiance conditions of the experiments were not far fr

123 Under these low irradiance conditions, native species had higher light-s

124 clude that considering their effects at high irradiances cry and phot are critical for the control of

125 We apply satellite-derived surface irradiance data from the NASA Clouds and the Earth's Rad

126 chemistry, recently published solar spectral irradiance data from the Solar Radiation and Climate Exp

127 nsity and a gridded hourly global horizontal irradiance data set simulates hourly PV power output fro

128 d sea surface temperature, chlorophyll-a and irradiance data, and modeled wave data to quantify envir

129 photolysis rates were estimated using solar irradiance data, contaminant quantum yields, and light s

130 f ChR2 with empirically-derived voltage- and irradiance- dependence, where parameters were fine-tuned

131 At the single-unit level, irradiance-dependent increases in baseline firing were s

132 nse of the atmosphere to variations in solar irradiance depends on the spectrum.

133 hese results indicate that light signals for irradiance detection are dissociated from pattern vision

134 ow image-forming vision and nonimage-forming irradiance detection contribute to the effects of light

135 el running sensitivity with nonimage-forming irradiance detection input, was increased in rd1, but re

136 In Rpe65-/- mice, nonimage-forming irradiance detection is severely attenuated, but rod bas

137 ells have been hypothesized to be capable of irradiance detection lasting throughout the day.

138 light aversion, suggesting nonimage-forming irradiance detection motivates this behavior.

139 responses with specialized nonimage-forming irradiance detection pathways.

140 climate an animal to gross changes in light (irradiance detection).

141 lute measure of brightness (nonimage-forming irradiance detection).

142 Thus, for irradiance detection, developmental apoptosis is necessa

143 photoreceptors that specialize in prolonged irradiance detection.

144 r retinal photoreceptors function as retinal irradiance detectors and provide a local measure of lumi

145 Generally thought of as irradiance detectors, ipRGCs target numerous brain regio

146 tinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) to function as irradiance detectors.

147 light from across the scene as expected for irradiance detectors.

148 lled by the direct normal component of solar irradiance (DNI), are among the most promising solar tec

149 strated to be able to directly resolve light irradiance down to sub-picowatts per square centimeter,

150 gnitude or spectral distribution of sunlight irradiance (e.g., different times, latitudes, water abso

151 ipRGCs are heterogeneous irradiance-encoding neurons that primarily project to no

152 heses: that plants adapted and grown in high-irradiance environments would have greater responsivenes

153 radionuclide data and resulting total solar irradiance estimates during grand minima.

154 ude of residence, mean annual regional solar irradiance estimates, and oral sources) and other indivi

155 That modification occurred only if the laser irradiance exceeded certain threshold level.

156 In planta, Rubisco deactivated at low irradiance except in the Arabidopsis rwt43 transformant

157 to enhance nonvisual light responses to low-irradiance exposures by using intermittent light to acti

158 e irradiance might play in mat decline using irradiance filters that uncouple ultraviolet and visible

159 tal room volume, or an average whole-room UV irradiance (fluence rate) of 5-7 muW/cm(2), calculated b

160 istinct photopigment (melanopsin) to measure irradiance for centrally mediated responses such as circ

161 test coupon were exposed to increasing laser irradiance for extended exposure times to quantify their

162 deficit first by showing that variations in irradiance for human subjects are biased towards low tem

163 eld was also estimated to assess the optimal irradiance for NCl3 transformation.

164 de collimated light emission with sufficient irradiance for neural stimulation.

165 form population involved solely in signaling irradiance for non-image forming functions.

166 ganglion cells (mRGCs) encode ambient light (irradiance) for the circadian clock, the pupillomotor sy

167 variation for photosynthetic acclimation to irradiance found in this study will allow future identif

168 s of the response to a step-wise increase in irradiance from 100 to 600 micromol m(-2) s(-1).

169 er a narrow range, but the population covers irradiances from moonlight to full daylight.

170 istry correlate with known latitudinal solar irradiance gradients.

171 but responses to more natural modulations in irradiance have been much less studied.

172 er than that of the WT under moderately high-irradiance (HL) conditions (150 microeinsteins x m(-2) x

173 I measured 1 h after a step-wise increase in irradiance identified several new candidate genes contro

174 Irradiance, illuminance, and light spectra measurements

175 signed to bracket uncertainty in ultraviolet irradiance in a scenario in which future solar activity

176 cally increase in amplitude as a function of irradiance in both anesthetized and awake, freely moving

177 efined by the most severe reduction in solar irradiance in documented history (1610-present).

178 Global change is expected to alter UV irradiance in terrestrial systems(5), potentially intens

179 ficantly offset from the peak of downwelling irradiance in the mesopelagic realm (480 nm).

180 f metabolism and growth after an increase in irradiance in the nonsaturating range in the algal model

181 , was absent in rd1 and restricted to higher irradiances in Rpe65-/-.

182 ability decreases as ultraviolet and visible irradiances increase during summer.

183 Higher frequency modulations in irradiance increased time averaged firing of SCN neurons

184 As irradiance increased we found a widespread enhancement i

185 Exposure to low-irradiance intermittent green light (543 nm; 0.1-4 Hz) f

186 Solar ultraviolet (UV) irradiance is a key driver of climatic and biotic change

187 Yet our understanding of ultraviolet irradiance is limited because no method has been validat

188 However, variability in ultraviolet solar irradiance is linked to modulation of the Arctic and Nor

189 easure of photosynthetic capacity) to growth irradiance level and for the kinetics of the response to

190 of this study was to evaluate the effects of irradiance levels and spectra produced by solid-state li

191 the short-term PhiPSII response to different irradiance levels as well as for the relation of PhiPSII

192 ronment, Fe concentrations and daily surface irradiance levels can vary by two to three orders of mag

193 iments were performed: (1) evaluation of LED irradiance levels of 545, 440, 330, 220, and 110 mumol m

194 esponses to continuous light exposure at low irradiance levels, and for sustained pupillary constrict

195 f photoreactor type, catalyst concentration, irradiance levels, and hydrodynamics.

196 reduced in patients with POAG only at higher irradiance levels, corresponding to the range of activat

197 At highest irradiance levels, these algae reduced transcription of

198 uired for PSII maintenance under static high-irradiance light conditions but is also a regulatory mec

199 planted and treated with appropriate spatial irradiance light profiles.

200 tein causes altered PSII function under high-irradiance light, and hence it is named 'Maintenance of

201 ast 30 min during exposure to continuous low-irradiance light, indicating that steady-state pupillary

202 Scalar-irradiance measurements showed strong attenuation of vis

203 We examined the role irradiance might play in mat decline using irradiance fi

204 Ultraviolet irradiance modulates stratospheric warming and ozone pro

205 microm and 2.4 microm, made by the Spectral Irradiance Monitor (SIM) instrument on the Solar Radiati

206 ts upon a single injection) and reducing the irradiance needed to induce nerve block by 94%.

207 which appears to be constitutive; under low irradiance, OCP2 expression was only detectable in a Tol

208 of air-mass 1.5 global (AM 1.5 G) having an irradiance of 100 mW/cm(2).

209 lls using a solar simulator under a constant irradiance of 1000 W/m(2) for more than 650 hours.

210 ere irradiated with a 1,064-nm laser with an irradiance of 15.3 W/cm(2) for 2 heating durations (1.5

211 itting at a wavelength of 450 nm with a peak irradiance of 400 mW/mm(2).

212 ompared with plants acclimated for 9 d at an irradiance of 500 micromolm(-2)s(-1).

213 using laser light at a wavelength of 689 nm, irradiance of 600 mW/cm(2), and fluence of 25 J/cm(2) af

214 icular environmental conditions such as high irradiance of a particular light quality, whereas the OC

215 s considered to operate mainly under the low irradiance of dawn, dusk, or deep canopies.

216 photosynthesis, particularly under the high irradiance of full sunlight at midday.

217 ive not only the low R:FRs, but also the low irradiance of shade.

218 y due to deeper penetration into and greater irradiance of the entire canopy.

219 vent composition, laser wavelength, and peak irradiance of ultrashort laser pulses.

220 he acclimation of PhiPSII to constant growth irradiances of four different levels (100, 200, 400, and

221 ight stimulus (13 log quanta/cm(2)/s retinal irradiance) of either 470 nm (blue) or 623 nm (red) to o

222 tically trap individual YLF crystals with an irradiance on the order of 1 MW/cm(2).

223 o acid production for fast growth under high irradiance or storage of N in leaves as soluble protein

224 e scale that were unaffected by temperature, irradiance, or the bridge units present on the molecular

225 quencies and responding to abrupt changes in irradiance over a range of commonly encountered contrast

226 stomatal development systemically, with the irradiance perceived by mature leaves modulating stomata

227 This was achieved by applying actinic irradiance perpendicular to one side of thallus cross se

228 03-2014) average reduction in point-of-array irradiance (POAI) caused by aerosols in the atmosphere.

229 species and determined their temperature and irradiance preferences using a k-fold algorithm to rando

230 ne firing was equally apparent when the slow irradiance ramp appeared alone or when a variety of high

231 e influences on bonding strength of fluence, irradiance, RB concentration, and amnion surface bonded

232 sponsivity of the detection system, spectral irradiance reaching the sample, wavelength accuracy, sen

233 om the surface of the light tip, and not the irradiance received by the specimen.

234 nm), where only approximately 1% of incident irradiance remained at 20 mm depth.

235 A (PHYA) is responsible for the far-red high-irradiance response and for the perception of very low a

236 photoreceptor for mediating the far-red high irradiance response in Arabidopsis thaliana.

237 s reduced very-low-fluence response and high-irradiance response.

238 PHYA) is essential for the far-red (FR) high-irradiance responses (HIRs), which are of particular eco

239 r input contributes to functionally distinct irradiance responses and whether that might account for

240 By contrast, cone input to irradiance responses dissipates following light adaptati

241 contribution of each photoreceptor class to irradiance responses remains unclear.

242 A number of FR high irradiance responses were disrupted in CAB::pBVR lines,

243 light and are impaired in other far-red high-irradiance responses.

244 hrome A signal transduction for several high-irradiance responses.

245 m of mRGCs and optimal stimuli for eliciting irradiance responses.

246 These 'contrast' and 'irradiance' responses were driven primarily by cone and

247 zml2 T-DNA insertion lines displayed a high irradiance-sensitive phenotype with significant photoina

248 ystem model to determine whether proxy-based irradiance series are capable of inducing climatic varia

249 orphology of the response across voltage and irradiance settings.

250 leaves of Arabidopsis grown at higher photon irradiances show significant increases in stomatal index

251 Species native to higher irradiance showed greater hydraulic plasticity.

252 N neurons that lacked the melanopsin-derived irradiance signal and responded only to light transition

253 ighly correlated with changes in total solar irradiance, solar Mg-II index, and Lyman-alpha index dur

254 Background light intensity (irradiance) substantially impacts the visual code in the

255 nly be detected in cultures grown under high irradiance, surpassing expression levels of OCP1, which

256 located deeper inside tissues receive lower irradiance than cells closer to the surface and can disp

257 ns that Prochlorococcus LLI thrive at higher irradiances than other LL taxa, the results suggest LLI

258 t meter, providing an independent measure of irradiance that determines optimal setting for visual ci

259 measurement area and does not represent the irradiance that the resin specimen is receiving locally

260 t atomic ions are observed at the high laser irradiances that can be generated by tightly focused ult

261 unique, local proxy for broad spectrum solar irradiance, the chemical analysis of spores and pollen o

262 For a high-end decline in solar ultraviolet irradiance, the impact on winter northern European surfa

263 blue light-specific effect saturates at low irradiances; therefore, it is considered to operate main

264 ions, we continued to show that, over higher irradiances, this increase in firing originates with inn

265 nsistently high turbidity will likely reduce irradiance to <250 mumol m(-2) s(-1) , and predict that

266 Animals use the variation in irradiance to adjust their internal circadian clocks, al

267 five invasive species from Hawaii under low irradiance to mimic the forest understory environment.

268 escence, enabling the use of high excitation irradiances to partially compensate for the short reside

269 s to convey information about ambient light (irradiance) to synchronize the SCN's endogenous circadia

270 d shaded habitats, grown under high- and low-irradiance treatments.

271 y variations in the magnitude of total solar irradiance (TSI) and changes in the greenhouse gas conte

272 ly correlated with variations in total solar irradiance (TSI) on multi-decadal timescales implying th

273 n with cosmogenic nuclide (14)C, total solar irradiance (TSI), and sunspot number (SN) at multi-decad

274 Under natural UV-A irradiance, UVR8 is likely to interact with UV-A/blue li

275 to simulated natural sunlight at a constant irradiance value (500 W m(-2)) during all the experiment

276 een different brands of LCUs, and the use of irradiance values derived from dental radiometers to des

277 in forests undergoing increased canopy-level irradiance via disturbance and climate change.

278 gned; the lamp was turned on when solar UV-A irradiance was below 20 W m(-2), which was observed to b

279 Irradiance was effective within the range found in natur

280 The promotion of leaf hyponasty by lowering irradiance was impaired in phyB and pif mutants, as prev

281 p-wise change in irradiance where the growth irradiance was increased from 100 to 600 micromol m(-2)

282 w light, but returned to wild-type levels as irradiance was increased.

283 ip between electron transport rate (ETR) and irradiance was measured in five cultivars of rice (Oryza

284 similation after transition from low to high irradiance was much more rapid in the rwt43 transformant

285 easily measured inputs such as depth, solar irradiance, water matrix absorbance, singlet oxygen conc

286 With >/=6 GWcm(-2) depletion irradiance, we were able to extend the fluorophore survi

287 responses, and that plants grown under high irradiance were more responsive to all stimuli.

288 nt outdoors where UV-A (315-400 nm) and UV-B irradiances were attenuated using plastic films.

289 limation of PhiPSII to a step-wise change in irradiance where the growth irradiance was increased fro

290 ted by varying the intensity and duration of irradiance, which could not only be delivered by lasers,

291 ciency (PCE) up to 19.2% under 1 sun AM 1.5G irradiance, which is among the highest planar heterojunc

292 tion record enables us to derive total solar irradiance, which is then used as a proxy of solar activ

293 ool was reduced by 50% at the optimal growth irradiance while in the WT it was over 90% oxidized.

294 encode naturalistic temporal modulations in irradiance, while revealing that the circadian system ca

295 on seedling development in darkness or high-irradiance white light show that ethylene is not limitin

296 Under high-irradiance white light, phyB formed large nuclear bodies

297 ope correspond with periods of minimum solar irradiance, with a clear trend of increasing flood frequ

298 Lowering irradiance without changing R:FRs or lowering R:FRs by a

299 omatal conductance (gs ) respond to changing irradiance, yet stomatal responses are an order of magni

300 ion signal while operating with lower laser irradiances, yielding the added benefit of reduced molec