ライフサイエンスコーパス: isochore

1 y and contain few long homogeneous segments (isochores).

2 ng genes from tissue-specific genes in every isochore.

3 t changes at isochore borders than within an isochore.

4 the plausible pathways for the evolution of isochores.

5 es may have participated in the evolution of isochores.

6 tistically distinct from AT-rich genes in AT isochores.

7 member genes are embedded in GC-contrasting isochores.

8 eter, because GC content varies widely among isochores.

9 ased, and therefore codon-biased, genomes or isochores.

10 model and so lead to a looser definition of isochores.

11 contain compositionally uniform segments, or isochores.

12 ental-related transcriptome map of the mouse isochores.

13 ened by the appearance in evolution of heavy isochores.

14 Two GC isochores (40.6 and 42.6% GC) are observed at the 5' and

15 dies of nucleotide composition, of different isochores and Giemsa light and Giemsa dark bands.

16 n may be acting upon the base composition of isochores and large sections of junk DNA.

17 between the compositional properties of the isochores and of the genes with their respective express

18 for the origin and maintenance of mammalian isochores and the effectiveness of selection at synonymo

19 ever, Red1 loading is modulated by R/G-bands isochores and thus by bulk chromatin state.

20 ist cytogenetic bands, GC composition bands (isochores) and clusters of broadly expressed genes.

21 the regional similarities in G + C content (isochores) and synonymous substitution rate were indepen

22 ation bias fails to explain the evolution of isochores, and suggest that either selection or biased g

23 The two gene populations in the high-CG isochores are functionally distinguishable by statistica

24 rise to them is no longer effective and that isochores are now disappearing from mammalian genomes.

25 ing the idea that during development GC-poor isochores are preferentially implicated, and confirm the

26 of chromosomes, it is unlikely that GC-rich isochores are vanishing in these mammals.

27 plica exchange molecular dynamics over three isochores at high, ambient, and negative pressures to de

28 tronger indications of GC content changes at isochore borders than within an isochore.

29 lass II region extends beyond the identified isochore boundary leading us to propose the concept of a

30 Analysis of the G+C content revealed an isochore boundary which, together with the previously re

31 on alone nor methylation in combination with isochores can be counted as a primary cause of the GC as

32 se properties are largely independent of the isochore compartment (G + C content), gene size, and tra

33 fect is completely separable from effects of isochore composition on gene expression.

34 mately 50 kb periodicity of base composition isochores, consistent with axis association of cohesins.

35 of CG-rich and AT-rich genes, while high-AT isochores contain predominantly AT-rich genes.

36 Vertebrate genomes are mosaics of isochores, defined as long (>100 kb) regions with relati

37 ne (GC) content, number of GC-rich gene-rich isochores, density of polymorphic sites, number of newly

38 Recombination is also modulated by isochore determinants: R-bands differentially favor doub

39 cription status and location in a particular isochore do not influence microsatellite mutability.

40 and chromosomally characterized as a GC-rich isochore enriched for CpG islands, genes, and Alu-like r

41 framework able to unify available models of isochore evolution.

42 d to be inconsistent with neutral models for isochore evolution.

43 and the genes' expression patterns for each isochore family.

44 le with the biased gene conversion model for isochore formation as this predicts a negative correlati

45 on in the alignment of replication timing to isochore GC/LINE-1 content.

46 h stage we estimated the correlation between isochores' GC level and their expression activity, and t

47 was used in conjunction with the van't Hoff isochore giving isosteric enthalpies at zero surface cov

48 des a quantitative criterion for identifying isochores in human sequences.

49 recently suggested disappearance of GC-rich isochores in some mammalian genomes, and more importantl

50 ion as one of the first completely sequenced isochores in the human genome.

51 d at local extrema of composition within the isochores, indicating that the CG-enriching mechanism ac

52 e 3' UTR populations and large-scale genomic isochores is described.

53 , the aggregate of the two populations in CG isochores is not statistically distinct from AT-rich gen

54 As regards the evolution of isochores, it seems inappropriate to use the claimed lac

55 hat the poikilothermic alligator has GC-rich isochores, like homeothermic birds and mammals.

56 action of Fugu genes are consistent with the isochore locations of the human homologues.

57 The GC-rich isochore lying adjacent to the telomere, which contains

58 We further show that isochore membership does not distinguish housekeeping ge

59 Disparate features of isochores might be explained by a model in which about h

60 in mammalian species suggested that GC-rich isochores might be vanishing in mammalian genomes.

61 nucleotide composition than depicted by the isochore model and so lead to a looser definition of iso

62 er-order structure is presented based on the isochore model of the genome and results obtained in the

63 al mapping data and to compare them with the isochore model of the mammalian genome, which describes

64 eity goes much beyond the predictions of the isochore model.

65 es than amphibians and fish, and the GC-rich isochores of birds and mammals have been suggested to be

66 cific patterns of CpG methylation within CpG isochores or CpG enriched segments across a 22 kilobase

67 It has been suggested that GC-rich isochores originated in the ancestral amniote genome but

68 at the most highly repetitive sequences show isochore-related enrichment and clustering produced by s

69 ication timing, whereas half of genes within isochores rich in AT and long interspersed nuclear eleme

70 Strikingly, genes residing within isochores rich in GC and poor in long interspersed nucle

71 An isochore sequence may pass a homogeneity test when GC co

72 sequence) may or may not be rejected for an isochore sequence, depending on the subwindow sizes at w

73 re sequences, but reject the assumption that isochore sequences are homogeneous at the base level.

74 These analyses support the notion of isochore sequences, but reject the assumption that isoch

75 t fluctuations at different length scales in isochore sequences.

76 cal/mathematical analyses are carried out on isochore sequences: spectral analysis, analysis of varia

77 human genome showed that position within the isochore structure did not affect these correlations.

78 ous studies using various methods to examine isochore structure in crocodilians, turtles, and squamat

79 It is not clear that the same kind of isochore structure is present in this early vertebrate g

80 ntent might therefore be a reflection of the isochore structure of chromosomes, but the factors influ

81 Here we describe the synteny and isochore structure of P. vivax chromosomes, and show tha

82 o depend on external variables, for example, isochore structure or chromosome identity.

83 eutherian mammals, GC content heterogeneity (isochore structure) is reinforced by substitution proces

84 in repetitive DNA content, guanine-cytosine isochore structure, and nucleotide substitution rates in

85 ian reptiles, are expected to lack a GC-rich isochore structure.

86 s, suggesting that vertebrates share a basic isochore structure.

87 In general, GC-poor isochores tend to be longer than GC-rich ones.

88 Birds and mammals have more GC-rich isochores than amphibians and fish, and the GC-rich isoc

89 tional tendencies toward AT, observed in all isochores, that is responsible for AT mutations segregat

90 Whether isochores, the large-scale variation of the GC content i

91 ocus of the debate has been the evolution of isochores, the strong and systematic variation of base c

92 ly, most of the explanations adhered to the "isochore theory," which has long been rebutted.

93 We find no support to the "isochore theory." Instead, our findings depict the mamma

94 ated by distinctive nucleotide-content bias (isochores) throughout the genome.

95 First, in addition to a strong effect of isochores, we have detected the influence of transcripti

96 a site, to the long-range, commonly known as isochores, where a particular base composition can span

97 Isochores with high CG contain a mixture of CG-rich and

98 enome comprises a mosaic of regions - termed isochores - with differing G + C content.

99 rtitioned into megabase-long regions, termed isochores, with consistently high, or low, average C + G