ライフサイエンスコーパス: isomerization

1 k to D involves only one C13=C14 double-bond isomerization.

2 rier and thus in accelerated thermal Z --> E isomerization.

3 e local structure of this region via proline isomerization.

4 cal isomers undergo unimolecular 1,6 H-shift isomerization.

5 vert the intrinsic directionality of retinal isomerization.

6 of Rh activation by an 11-cis-to-11,13-dicis isomerization.

7 hift allowing for quantitative bidirectional isomerization.

8 the ground-state PES accompanying cis-trans isomerization.

9 bstituted alkenyl group as a donor underwent isomerization.

10 -ray free-electron laser suggests sub-100 fs isomerization.

11 , which changes greatly during the trans-cis isomerization.

12 hydrostannation and the subsequent slow E/Z isomerization.

13 ger the enol-keto tautomerisim and cis-trans isomerization.

14 esterification resulted in increased 13-cis isomerization.

15 kinetically equivalent at accelerating this isomerization.

16 lation, disulfide-bond formation and proline isomerization.

17 nds our understanding of the biochemistry of isomerization.

18 so compared to heptane in studies of azo dye isomerization.

19 ntioselective version of this unconventional isomerization.

20 termediates for the initial photodynamics of isomerization.

21 tio not properly separable due to their fast isomerization.

22 ation and subsequent PIN1-mediated cis-trans isomerization.

23 n bacteriorhodopsin and visual opsins during isomerization.

24 -catcher type of catalytic mechanism for the isomerization.

25 tiating only the hydrostannation and not the isomerization.

26 N-allyl precursor by stereodivergent alkene isomerization.

27 th of light, which normally triggers E --> Z isomerization.

28 indene skeleton is also prepared via olefin isomerization, 1,2-addition followed by cyclization.

29 ethylene can also cause adventitious olefin isomerization-a particularly serious problem when the E-

30 This binary switch results from cis/trans isomerization about a highly conserved Trp-Pro imide bon

31 tions, the isomers are subject to reversible isomerization accompanied with the cleavage of Pd-N and

32 ut they could be caught by alkylation of the isomerization active thiol.

33 These data establish a hidden intrinsic isomerization activity of the dehydrogenase and allow us

34 The Co-mediated alkene isomerization afforded the E-selective products from a b

35 echanism involving a crucial E-to-Z vinyl-Pd isomerization and a carbon-halogen bond-forming reductiv

36 umber of the NO ligand band accompanying the isomerization and associated ISC on the (spin) adiabatic

37 FT computational models were constructed for isomerization and automerization mechanisms.

38 Unimolecular isomerization and bimolecular reactions with organic per

39 lavin, it is possible to sequentially induce isomerization and cyclization by energy transfer (ET) an

40 to the possible mechanism of the enzymic E-Z isomerization and cyclization of (E)-cinnamic acid analo

41 Isomerization and cycloaddition are the key steps in the

42 loss, showing lutein more susceptibility to isomerization and decomposition.

43 sed to elucidate a probable mechanism of the isomerization and explain the influence of steric conges

44 mild reaction conditions minimize competing isomerization and hydrogenation to produce beta,gamma-un

45 antify the rate of Cu-catalyzed allyl iodide isomerization and identify a series of conditions under

46 pling on determining the forward and reverse isomerization and ISC rates.

47 t the rate of non-metathesis based polytopal isomerization and levels of syndiotacticity may be fine-

48 interrogate the conformational impact of Asp isomerization and Met oxidation in the CDRs of a model m

49 despite their proximity to each other, Asp54 isomerization and Met56 oxidation in CDR2 in the heavy c

50 Carotenoids are susceptible to isomerization and oxidation upon exposure to oxygen, lig

51 n active conformation dependent on disulfide isomerization and oxidative conditions, common in tumors

52 DrewPhos ligand is paramount to suppressing isomerization and promoting efficient and selective cros

53 The calculated DeltaG() values for isomerization and reductive elimination with a series of

54 synaptic content of NMDARs via PSD-95 prolyl-isomerization and the expression of dendritic spines, bo

55 catalysts also eliminates the side isobutene isomerization and undesired polymerization/coke reaction

56 etwork covering metathesis, alkylidene loss, isomerization, and alkylidene regeneration.

57 tance, hydrazones and imines), which exhibit isomerization, and can be used to isolate individual com

58 degradation processes included epoxidation, isomerization, and deesterification.

59 amolecular [4+2] cycloaddition, elimination, isomerization, and regio- and stereoselective protonatio

60 Regio- and conformational isomerization are fundamental in chemistry, with profoun

61 Ultrafast proton migration and isomerization are key processes for acetylene and its io

62 Facile, highly Z-selective isomerizations are observed for allyl ethers under condi

63 in controlling the activation energy of Z-E isomerization as well as the shape of the DSC exotherm.

64 The data also present a new proline isomerization assay for CypD by monitoring the aggregati

65 of [Pd(OAc)2]3-boronate-PCy3-enabled olefin isomerization at 80 degrees C has been investigated.

66 Once RPo forms, CarD also disfavors its isomerization back to RP2.

67 atic oxidative protein folding via disulfide isomerization based on naturally occurring small molecul

68 med with total control of triazole (Dimroth) isomerization based on the judicious choice of reaction

69 The photochemical and thermal isomerization behavior of these complexes has been studi

70 ule spectral time traces, we further examine isomerization between the two product merocyanine isomer

71 ort the ligand-induced, thermally reversible isomerization between two thiolate-protected 28-gold-ato

72 tuent only affects the kinetics of the amide isomerization but not the thermodynamic prevalence for t

73 talytic mechanism, especially retinyl moiety isomerization, but other aspects remain to be determined

74 Hexa-2,5-dienoates, susceptible to isomerization by acids and bases, are suitable for the [

75 We propose that unhindered rotational isomerization by the d-G3P aldehyde moiety in the ternar

76 We report the first observed Pd-catalyzed isomerization ("cage-walking") of B(9)-bromo-meta-carbor

77 Geometric isomerization can expand the scope of biological activit

78 How can you use a ruthenium isomerization catalyst twice?

79 ransition metals under basic conditions, the isomerization catalyzed solely by base also follows a st

80 ame catalytic cycles for both metathesis and isomerization, consistent with the calculated reaction n

81 transcriptional regulators, suggesting that isomerization could serve a role in assembling regulator

82 ester-terminated polycyclization, and (2) an isomerization-cyclization cascade to generate the remain

83 azobenzene species by triggering the reverse isomerization direction (Z --> E) by the same wavelength

84 n previous work and reveal subtleties in the isomerization dynamics of neutral vinylidene, as well as

85 cases tested thus far, including predicting isomerization energies, proton transfer energies, and hi

86 The mechanism by which this isomerization event drives the outward rotation of trans

87 Kinetic analysis of the encapsulation-isomerization event revealed that increasing the concent

88 hetic route features iodine-catalyzed tandem isomerization followed by C-O and C-C bond formation rea

89 cyclization, while the ethers undergo a slow isomerization followed by easy cyclization.

90 chiral and racemic, by base-catalyzed olefin isomerization followed by kinetic resolution of 2 with t

91 that the sulfones undergo a relatively fast isomerization followed by slower cyclization, while the

92 photoswitches, proceeds by photoinduced Z-E isomerization, followed by a thermal, conrotatory 4pi-el

93 id and gamma-d-glutamic acid were key for an isomerization-free synthesis.

94 ated after storage, suggested in addition to isomerization from (S)-alpha-terpineol, other precursors

95 e complexes undergo thermal decomposition by isomerization from eta(2)-(C,O) to eta(2)-(C,C) followed

96 ath revealed that base increases the rate of isomerization from exo-protonated Ni(0) isomers to the c

97 al changes that take place during structural isomerization from outward- to inward-facing states.

98 CC than of free gDCC for the mechanochemical isomerization gDCC to proceed at equal rate.

99 h properties: the compounds with the longest isomerization half-lives adopt a T-shaped ground state Z

100 This isomerization has been characterized at atomic resolutio

101 ysis, H/D exchange, olefin hydrogenation and isomerization, hydrogenation of ketones, aldehydes, imin

102 multifaceted synthetic ability to carry out isomerization, imine formation, ammonia addition, aldol-

103 m radiolysis studies is faster than addition-isomerization, implying that the "cycle" must be termina

104 acid catalysts were shown to prevent alkene isomerization in cyclopentene and cycloheptene starting

105 This observation supports dGh to dIa isomerization in DNA with a transition pH of approximate

106 ther studies of carboxylic acid promoted dye isomerization in heptane and a PAO show that low molecul

107 omb momentum imaging method.The timescale of isomerization in molecules involving ultrafast migration

108 p-cymene-stabilized R21 (5), which promotes isomerization in particular under conditions favoring di

109 Aspartate-to-isoaspartate isomerization in proteins occurs in cells but was previo

110 Photochemical isomerization in sterically crowded chiral alkenes is th

111 during the process prevents later undesired isomerizations in the adducts and keeps all heteroatoms

112 species that promote double-bond migration (isomerization) in both the 1-alkene reagents and the int

113 that may catalyze aspartate to isoaspartate isomerization include PARPs, enzymes known to ribosylate

114 ns predict (3)R21 to be a very active alkene isomerization initiator, either operating as a catalyst

115 undesired side reaction of beta-citronellene isomerization inside zeolite pores.

116 BD and atomistic simulations reveal that the isomerization involves both local and global transitions

117 The alkyne-allene isomerization involves not only a torsional motion but a

118 ns suggest that the dominant product of this isomerization is a dihydroxy hydroperoxy epoxide (C5H10O

119 The stereospecific isomerization is also applicable for the first time to a

120 unprotected indazoles with a free N-H bond, isomerization is averted because the heterocycle is depr

121 The quantum mechanical description of isomerization is based on bound eigenstates of the molec

122 The predicted capacity to initiate isomerization is confirmed in catalytic tests using p-cy

123 controllable iridium-catalyzed allylbenzene isomerization is described, enabled by tunable hemilabil

124 ods, and the possibility of solvent-mediated isomerization is discussed.

125 First, secondary isobutene isomerization is favored, producing a mixture of butene

126 ave been studied, and relaxation after photo-isomerization is rather slow.

127 Furthermore, isomerization is regulated by the cyclophilin family of

128 Vinylidene-acetylene isomerization is the prototypical example of a 1,2-hydro

129 ic model based on detailed photophysical and isomerization kinetic studies is provided that shed ligh

130 estigations of the photochemical and thermal isomerization kinetics show that the thermal Z --> E int

131 Photochemical Z/E-isomerization leads to a significant and reversible chan

132 is conformation (Rh6mr), employs an atypical isomerization mechanism by converting 11-cis to an 11,13

133 imental and theoretical studies suggest this isomerization mechanism is strongly influenced by the st

134 iled kinetic analyses and suggests an enzyme isomerization model of inhibition.

135 Second, mechanical isomerization observed between two conformations of DNA

136 tion showed a remarkable improvement and the isomerization occurred at ambient temperature.

137 Isomerization occurs on ultrafast time scales and is sub

138 ce copper salts and that a Z- to E-hydrazone isomerization occurs through an enehydrazine intermediat

139 Mechanistic probes indicate that the olefin isomerization occurs via an intermediate, possibly a zwi

140 sive proteins where photoinduced double-bond isomerization occurs.

141 R,S) oxime into a third reactor column where isomerization occurs.

142 ic complexes are competent for the catalytic isomerization of 1,5-COD to 1,3-COD, only in the case of

143 nicotinates/6-halonicotinates by the domino isomerization of 4-propargyl/(3-halopropargyl)-5-methoxy

144 st synthesis of pyrroles by Fe(II)-catalyzed isomerization of 4-vinylisoxazoles is reported.

145 The isomerization of 5-alkoxy/amino-3-arylisoxazoles, bearin

146 cterized by a camphor sulfonic acid mediated isomerization of a beta-hydroxyepoxide to give the tetra

147 The long-range deconjugative isomerization of a broad range of alpha,beta-unsaturated

148 eport a general atom economic method for the isomerization of a broad range of N-allyl amides to form

149 The device is operated by isomerization of a light-responsive molecular switch tha

150 is rationalized in terms of the Rh-catalyzed isomerization of a pyrrolin-2-ylium-3-aminide zwitterion

151 splitting of NMR resonances due to cis/trans isomerization of a single proline near the C-terminus.

152 levels of enantioselectivity obtained in the isomerization of a small set of alpha-substituted alpha,

153 However, the mechanism for ultrafast isomerization of acetylene [HCCH](2+) to vinylidene [H2C

154 ve base for the metalation of 1,4-dienes and isomerization of alkenes.

155 associated with the trans-cis photochemical isomerization of alkyl-substituted azobenzenes can be us

156 e vertebrate visual cycle that catalyzes the isomerization of all-trans-retinyl esters to 11-cis-reti

157 lantoin (dIa) via a mechanism similar to the isomerization of allantoin.

158 reported through the highly enantioselective isomerization of allylamines, followed by enamine exchan

159 A mild base-catalyzed strategy for the isomerization of allylic alcohols and allylic ethers has

160 to include a bioinspired, catalytic E --> Z isomerization of alpha,beta-unsaturated nitriles, thereb

161 nzymes which catalyze the deamination and/or isomerization of amino acids in nature by cleaving or sh

162 is postulated to occur by the reversible E/Z isomerization of an alkenylnickel species.

163 The results show that thermal isomerization of an azo dye occurs at the same rate in h

164 overlapping a core promoter and stimulating isomerization of an initial RNA polymerase (RNAP)-promot

165 lites is in part generated by a trans to cis isomerization of an olefin.

166 The thermal 15-cis-isomerization of beta-carotene, characterized by DAD-HPL

167 eveloped a method of rapid and tunable Z-->E isomerization of C horizontal lineN bond in acyl hydrazo

168 a ring-opened diradicaloid intermediate, and isomerization of cis-gDFC to its trans isomer.

169 n nanoribbons on Ag(111) via a preprogrammed isomerization of conformationally flexible polymer chain

170 hotocatalytic protocol for the redox-neutral isomerization of cyclic alcohols to linear ketones via C

171 ) is a proficient catalyst of the reversible isomerization of dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) to d-

172 We report a mild Lewis acid induced isomerization of donor-acceptor cyclopropanes, containin

173 talytic systems function efficiently for the isomerization of functionalized as well as unfunctionali

174 CO was found to be the best catalyst for the isomerization of gamma-hydroxy enones.

175 compared to the gas phase, the trans to cis isomerization of glyoxal at the liquid water interface i

176 ction of alpha-dialkylamino radicals and the isomerization of N,N,N',N'-tetraethylbutane-2,3-diamine

177 represents the first examples of a catalytic isomerization of N-allyl amides to form nonpropenyl disu

178 was responsible for this unusual structural isomerization of NHPI and concurrent hydroxylation/detox

179 rst report of an exceptionally facile double-isomerization of NHPI via an unprecedented water-assiste

180 overcome the competition of facile geometric isomerization of nonrigid olefins.

181 palladium-boronate/borane-system -catalyzed isomerization of olefins has been uncovered.

182 rolyl isomerase that catalyzes the cis/trans isomerization of peptide bonds between proline and phosp

183 spatial and temporal control, the selective isomerization of polarized alkenes underpins a plethora

184 y, we disclosed the first highly Z-selective isomerization of polarized alkenes, employing the cinnam

185 In summary, the unusual irreversible isomerization of prFMN is light-dependent and probably p

186 niger Fdc1 as a model system, we reveal that isomerization of prFMN(iminium) to prFMN(ketimine) is a

187 PIN1 also catalyses the isomerization of proline 205 of BRD4 and induces its con

188 number of proline residues, so the cis/trans isomerization of proline peptide bonds is the rate-limit

189 PPIases catalyze the cis/trans isomerization of proline, acting as a regulatory switch

190 Basic functions such as the the isomerization of receptors upon ligand binding, the sequ

191 The first catalytic enantioselective isomerization of secondary allylic alcohols to access ke

192 can catalyze either oxidation, reduction, or isomerization of substrates.

193 Here we show that isomerization of the 11-cis retinal chromophore generate

194 odynamic preferences involving formation and isomerization of the acyl mono- and dicarbonyl intermedi

195 chrome P450 also catalyzes the non-oxidative isomerization of the ajmaline precursor vomilenine to pe

196 The reversible E/Z isomerization of the alkenylnickel species is essential

197 oldamer, starting from the initial ultrafast isomerization of the azobenzene unit(s) and ending with

198 process involving light-activated cis-trans isomerization of the chromophore followed by light-indep

199 with the earliest steps in the trans-to-cis isomerization of the chromophore in photoactive yellow p

200 re observed, suggesting a C horizontal lineC isomerization of the diene ligands.

201 6-benzannulation involving propargyl-allenyl isomerization of the dieneyne moieties in the correspond

202 Subsequent isomerization of the material into 3D printable poly(pro

203 the central channel of Rho, yielding faster isomerization of the open to the closed hexameric states

204 /epoxidase PsoF to complete the trans to cis isomerization of the pathway intermediate presynerazol.

205 vent in the photocycle of CaChR1 involves an isomerization of the protein-bound retinal chromophore.

206 ion pathway requires a C13=C14, C15=N double-isomerization of the retinal chromophore, whereas the in

207 occurrence of an efficient alkyne to allene isomerization of the spacer with a time constant increas

208 We followed the isomerization of the SU-TM disulfide and subsequent SU r

209 This is a result of cis-trans isomerization of the two prolyl-peptide bonds in BK[1-5]

210 Intramolecular 1,6 H-shift isomerization of the Z-delta hydroxy peroxy radical isom

211 to realize highly efficient enantioselective isomerization of trifluoromethyl imines to provide a pra

212 the proposed deprotonation occurs during the isomerization of U to Psi and establishes the mechanism

213 Trans/cis isomerization of Xaa-Pro bonds is key for the structure

214 olecular water nucleophilic attack and redox isomerization of {[LCu(III)]2-(mu-O)2}(2+) are energetic

215 show a large potential barrier ( > 2 eV) for isomerization on low-lying dicationic states, implying p

216 ness of the reaction conditions, double bond isomerization or cyclization to indole side product was

217 sults provide a detailed picture of the DASA isomerization pathway on a molecular level.

218 In addition, activating this radical isomerization pathway with photoelectron transfer agents

219 conformation and proceed through a T-shaped isomerization pathway, whereas the most complete photosw

220 steric congestion of the vinyl moiety on the isomerization pathway.

221 This study reveals two facile isomerization pathways connecting the experimentally obs

222 dies of 2 toward CO2 and methanol, different isomerization pathways depending on the silyl substituti

223 ind through a two-step mechanism with a slow isomerization phase after the initial encounter.

224 f life, catalyzing peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerization (PPIase activity) and functioning in diver

225 Computational studies indicate that this isomerization proceeds through a chain-walking mechanism

226 In addition, the unprecedented mechanical isomerization process brings new strategies for the deve

227 The E/Z isomerization process of a uracil-azobenzene derivative

228 Thus, AMSDH surprisingly includes an isomerization process within its known catalytic mechani

229 locity experiments provided insight into the isomerization process, showing that CfPutA dimerizes in

230 nd computational models supports a multistep isomerization process, which proceeds by reduction to 1,

231 demonstrating the photoreversibility of the isomerization process.

232 c-CA is the photo-isomerization product of the phenylpropanoid pathway int

233 involving the late-stage installation of the isomerization-prone (2Z,4E,6Z,8E)-tetraenoate motif, and

234 etween the absorption maxima and the thermal isomerization rate suggesting a link between the observe

235 into catalytically inactive disulfides, the isomerization rates can be controlled via the oxidation

236 yridine adsorption experiments and a glucose isomerization reaction demonstrate that the clusters rem

237 emperatures around 320-350 K observed in the isomerization reaction of a hydroxycarbene into an aldeh

238 The bidirectionality of the isomerization reaction was established by isotopic label

239 The isomerization reaction was monitored by HPLC and found t

240 ccomplishing a seemingly simple trans to cis isomerization reaction.

241 centration of active sites necessary for the isomerization reaction.

242 Isomerization reactions are fundamental in biology, and

243 shift, one of the most important classes of isomerization reactions in organic chemistry.

244 In this study, we have cataloged the isomerization reactions known to occur in biology using

245 proach to address these issues by tuning the isomerization reactions of photo/thermoswitches.

246 ps), featuring (1) a pivotal metal-catalyzed isomerization/rearrangement process that forges the cent

247 x mechanism involving a cis-to-trans proline isomerization, reorganization of a beta-sheet, and inser

248 namely ring-opening reactions and cis-trans isomerizations, respectively.

249 tative trends in the relative metathesis and isomerization selectivities are observed in identical te

250 y diastereoselective direct Michael addition-isomerization sequence is presented for the efficient sy

251 re monomeric and undergo photoreversible Z/E isomerization, similar to that observed for bilirubin.

252 The analysis of the HCN <--> HNC isomerization states shows that the eigenstates with sma

253 The reaction includes an initial isomerization step using commercially available rutheniu

254 , which features a key photochemical E --> Z isomerization step.

255 riven by alternate photochemical and thermal isomerization steps in the system.

256 he theoretically computed pKa values for the isomerization steps.

257 consecutive transamination, cyclization, and isomerization steps.

258 An organocatalytic redox isomerization strategy has been developed for the synthe

259 Photochemical and thermal isomerization studies demonstrated that the light-driven

260 ngs show a rich photochemistry, ranging from isomerizations, substitutions, and additions to cycloadd

261 n, and has a very long half-life for thermal isomerization (t1/2 = 74 d at 25 degrees C).

262 ld(III) n-butyl complex 3b shows that olefin isomerization takes place after beta-hydride elimination

263 Combined with light-controlled E --> Z isomerization, this enables controllable fractional tuni

264 The structure indicates that TAP stimulates isomerization through simple, adhesive, stabilizing prot

265 ing a PSD-95 mutant unable to undergo prolyl-isomerization, thus indicating that the action of Pin1 o

266 Here the authors report that sub-100 fs isomerization time on acetylene dication in lower electr

267 From peak areas and isomerization time, the forward and backward rate consta

268 tionic states, implying picosecond or longer isomerization timescales.

269 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroanthracene, acid-catalyzed isomerization to 1,2,3,4-tetrahydrophenanthrene with a p

270 1,5-cyclooctadiene (1,5-COD) results in slow isomerization to 1,3-cyclooctadiene (1,3-COD), along wit

271 um catalysis in the presence of a weak acid, isomerization to a 1-arylsulfonyl 1,3-diene occurs.

272 However, such protected thiols can undergo isomerization to a dead-end product (a 4-methylcoumarin-

273 timated to be 420 years, until after thermal isomerization to all-trans-retinal, which then slowly di

274 nerated by UV irradiation of diazo compound: isomerization to alpha-ketodiazirine proceeds from the s

275 nder physiologically relevant conditions via isomerization to an electrophilic vinyl sulfone.

276 he results with experiments that suggest the isomerization to be the rate-limiting step for bispropar

277 underwent a Rh-catalyzed C horizontal lineC isomerization to rac-C2-L, which then gave the racemic [

278 oselective oxidations and a remarkable redox-isomerization to set the key trans-diol present in 2 and

279 itrile carbon into the B-Li bond followed by isomerization to yield transient carbene species, one of

280 1) can rapidly turn inside-out (homeomorphic isomerization) to give a mixture of in,in and out,out is

281 -isomer of the second double bond and a slow isomerization toward the thermodynamically preferred E-i

282 ective catalyst for first step of the domino isomerization, transformation of isoxazole to 2H-azirine

283 lumn for E right harpoon over left harpoon Z isomerization under controlled oven temperature and flow

284 he molecular processes and disulfide bridges isomerization underlying the conformational changes requ

285 pecies has remained challenging due to rapid isomerization via alpha-hydroxy acyl migration.

286 o-called pericyclic minimum), which leads to isomerization via nonadiabatic relaxation to the ground

287 l errors are predominantly due to alkylidene isomerization via rotation about the Ru horizontal lineC

288 Post-heterocycle-formation olefin isomerization was employed as a key strategy.

289 In addition, the rate of thermal Z --> E isomerization was found to depend on the chiral binding

290 Olefin isomerization was observed during the Suzuki-Miyaura cou

291 hat appeared to be related to conformational isomerization was resolved by engineering an interchain

292 The cis-trans isomerization was supported by the control experiments a

293 ized cross-coupling reaction conditions, the isomerization was suppressed to <5% in most cases.

294 tigations of the mechanistic aspects of this isomerization were performed, leading to the mechanism p

295 biquitous process "peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerization," which plays a key role in protein foldin

296 We find no sub-100 fs isomerization, while reproducing the salient features of

297 lheptafulvene) with the first DHA undergoing isomerization with a similar efficiency as the uncyclize

298 ive-membered heterocycle shows photochemical isomerization with high fatigue resistance.

299 y modulation of the thermodynamic barrier to isomerization with pH and visible light that resonates w

300 h exhibit similar chromophores but different isomerization yields and excited-state lifetimes.