ライフサイエンスコーパス: jaw

1 fluorapatite, is mounted over a calcareous "jaw".

2 ptional outcomes that pattern the developing jaw.

3 and infections such as osteonecrosis of the jaw.

4 lectrical-type shocking pain in the face and jaw.

5 NRA gain of function in the developing upper jaw.

6 sate, producing a symmetric and normal-sized jaw.

7 ation with bilateral pit organs in the upper jaw.

8 n to coordinate the growth of the developing jaw.

9 bone development between the upper and lower jaws.

10 ly known from isolated teeth and fragmentary jaws.

11 (FPDs) in posterior mandibular and maxillary jaws.

12 t remain unanswered, including the origin of jaws.

13 al analysis of periodontal tissue in porcine jaws.

14 acterize type I and type III bones in murine jaws.

15 for GCaMP6, YCX2.60, VSFP Butterfly 1.2, and Jaws.

16 atomical innovations such as the cranium and jaws.

17 as a key step in the evolution of vertebrate jaws.

18 y bizarre tooth-like bony projections of the jaws.

19 ogical basis for the subsequent evolution of jaws.

20 , adjudicated events of osteonecrosis of the jaw (1 event each in the romosozumab-to-alendronate and

21 ants are solitary hunters with powerful trap jaws [10].

22 When a whale kept its upper jaw above the sea surface, many anchovies in the targete

23 ratocystic odontogenic tumors (KCOTs) of the jaw affect more than 65% of patients with basal cell nev

24 therapy presented with osteonecrosis of the jaw after suspended oral and intravenous Bisphosphonate

25 e hindlimb skeleton and absence of the lower jaw (agnathia).

26 an), which possesses the largest known lower jaw among Triassic sauropterygians.

27 erian molar morphologies and musculoskeletal jaw anatomies evolved concurrently with increased yaw ro

28 Osteonecrosis of the jaw and atypical femur fractures have been reported with

29 ments sigma(70) region 1.1 (sigma1.1), beta' jaw and beta' sequence insertion 3 (SI3).

30 st vertebrates and that the evolution of the jaw and gnathostome cellular cartilage was driven by cha

31 g4 homologs are specifically enriched at the jaw and pectoral fin joints of zebrafish, stickleback, a

32 Risk factors for osteonecrosis of the jaw and renal impairment should be assessed, and any pen

33 rostimulation (ICMS) and recording of evoked jaw and tongue electromyographic responses were used to

34 nvestigate whether the premotor circuitry of jaw and tongue motoneurons contain elements for coordina

35 ctromyographic responses were used to define jaw and tongue motor representations at 1 month (n = 8)

36 was to test if functional reorganization of jaw and tongue motor representations in the rat face-M1

37 1-2 months) decreased number of ICMS-defined jaw and tongue sites within face-M1 and -S1, and increas

38 f cooking possibly affected the evolution of jaw and tooth morphology.

39 was already present in a common ancestor of jawed and jawless vertebrates, TWEAK evolved early on in

40 s comparisons of regulatory elements between jawed and jawless vertebrates, we report deep conservati

41 The ability to protrude the jaws and capture elusive prey is a hallmark of fish evol

42 nstrate that equivalent elements make up the jaws and claws of extant Onychophora.

43 essed comparatively more forceful and robust jaws and consumed 'harder' prey, comparable to extant sm

44 s concerns related to dentognathic (that is, jaws and teeth) homoplasy in Plio-Pleistocene hominins,

45 he Miocene epoch, largely comprises isolated jaws and teeth, and little is known about ape cranial ev

46 configures teeth and taste buds on mammalian jaws and tongues may be an evolutionary remnant inherite

47 ascular adverse events, osteonecrosis of the jaw, and atypical femoral fractures were adjudicated.

48 s were harvested from discarded 6-mo-old pig jaws, and decellularized by successive sodium dodecyl su

49 c craniofacial malformations often accompany jaw anomalies.

50 We describe a trap-jaw ant from 99 million-year-old Burmese amber with head

51 est ant lineage [9], and together these trap-jaw ants suggest that at least some of the earliest Form

52 olution in the deepest branching lineages of jawed arthropods, the mandibulates.

53 arge osseous defects that extend through the jaws as a result of trauma, tumor resection, or congenit

54 The biomechanical capability of S. melilutra jaws as related to their large size is unknown but cruci

55 r impressions created by the upper and lower jaws, bearing some similarity to fossil traces interpret

56 f osteogenic transcription factors in normal jaw bone MSCs.

57 a vs jaw) nor pathology (healthy vs necrotic jaw bone tissue) affected the averaged spectral shape of

58 actions and integration of the root with the jaw bone, blood supply and nerve innervations.

59 MSC-driven osteogenic differentiation in the jaw bone.

60 compared with their counterparts from normal jaw bone.

61 Uterine neoplasms, myometria and jaw bones of Cdc73(+/-) mice had increased proliferation

62 sphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is a feared side effect which is hard to tre

63 bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ).

64 tion of every potential osteonecrosis of the jaw by an international expert panel, no cases of osteon

65 ocally destructive odontogenic tumors of the jaw, by genomic analysis of archival material.

66 We also demonstrate that Jaws can noninvasively mediate transcranial optical inhi

67 arkable dietary adaptations, using tooth and jaw characters to examine changes in dental disparity an

68 s in TMN excitability using a computer-based jaw closer motor pool model.

69 osing muscle tone and in mediating bilateral jaw closing.

70 n of the supratrigeminal BPNs during natural jaw-closing behavior reveals a dual role for these neuro

71 = volume of cartilage) during 10 symmetrical jaw-closing cycles with a 20-N mandibular right canine l

72 stematically mapped premotor neurons for the jaw-closing masseter muscle and the tongue-protruding ge

73 neurons that project to both left and right jaw-closing motoneurons.

74 idence for SupV BPNs in tonically modulating jaw-closing muscle tone and in mediating bilateral jaw c

75 udal fin base distance), the surface area of jaw-closing musculature scales with positive allometry (

76 The Mo5 jaw-closing subdivision shows the highest VGluT1+ innerv

77 eurons projecting to both the left and right jaw-closing trigeminal motoneurons.

78 3D reconstructions of developing molars and jaws, computational modeling of cusp patterning, and too

79 outh, (ii) opening the mouth until the lower jaw contacted the sea surface, which created a current o

80 ife-threatening progressive expansion of the jaw, craniofacial, and other intramembranous bones cause

81 By CAD/CAM technique, it can correct jaw deformities simultaneously and produce stable result

82 system that affects the kinematics of lower jaw depression--the opercular four-bar linkage apparatus

83 We present a red-shifted cruxhalorhodopsin, Jaws, derived from Haloarcula (Halobacterium) salinarum

84 rior cricoarytenoid), tongue (genioglossus), jaw (digastric), and respiration (diaphragm, internal in

85 Pharyngeal jaw diversification is associated with the exploitation

86 The effect of SI3 depends on the jaw domain, but not on downstream duplex DNA.

87 observation of episodes of facial hypotonia, jaw drop, and ptosis.

88 Jaw-dropping new fossil material now establishes when an

89 currently with increased yaw rotation of the jaw during chewing cycles.

90 These are sclerotized jaw elements, which generally range from 0.1-2 mm in siz

91 invasive optogenetic inhibition opened up by Jaws enables a variety of important neuroscience experim

92 that larger neonates are capable of greater jaw excursions.

93 Jaws exhibits robust inhibition of sensory-evoked neural

94 mal chondrocyte proliferation, and therefore jaw extension.

95 nd hypoglossal (Mo12) motor nuclei innervate jaw, facial, pharynx/larynx/esophagus, and tongue muscle

96 atypical adenomas and carcinomas, ossifying jaw fibromas, renal tumours and uterine benign and malig

97 sly known only from isolated teeth and lower jaw fragments recovered from the Cretaceous and Palaeoge

98 om the Graded Chronic Pain Scale [GCPS]), 2) jaw function (Jaw Functional Limitation Scale), and 3) d

99 Chronic Pain Scale [GCPS]), 2) jaw function (Jaw Functional Limitation Scale), and 3) disability (Dis

100 Gegenbaur's classical hypothesis of jaw-gill arch serial homology is widely cited, but remai

101 y similar in both the jawless (agnathan) and jawed (gnathostome) vertebrates, suggesting that an earl

102 33 cases of suspected osteonecrosis of the jaw have been reported, with 26 confirmed on central rev

103 ence of the dentary condyle of the mammalian jaw hinge and the postdentary trough for mandibular atta

104 have experienced greater independence of the jaws, hyoid and operculum during evolution and exhibit m

105 with hemifacial microsomia also showed that jaw hypoplasia correlates with mandibular artery dysgene

106 and2 and is therefore a major determinant of jaw identity.

107 in vitro by using the microsomal fraction of JAWS II cells, followed by liquid chromatography coupled

108 odule to monitor saliva glucose in a phantom jaw imitating the structure of the human oral cavity.

109 e that downstream duplex DNA is bound to the jaw in an assembly with SI3, and bases -4 to +2 of the n

110 appearance of intramembranous bones and the jaw in ancestral vertebrates, implying that elmo2 might

111 chymal survival and development of the lower jaw in the mandibular epithelium.

112 individuals to a completely toothless beaked jaw in the more mature individuals, representing the fir

113 or using the red-light-shifted halorhodopsin Jaws in primates, and developed a large-volume illuminat

114 xpected one is the change from fully toothed jaws in the hatchling and juvenile individuals to a comp

115 athy, a specialization of the second pair of jaws in the pharynx, enhances the ability of fishes to p

116 igin, with a history of dental tumors of the jaws, in correspondence to original clinical diagnosis o

117 ed to the formation of the dentary-squamosal jaw joint, which allows a posterior chewing movement, an

118 ition, diphyodonty and the dentary-squamosal jaw joint--was decoupled from ecomorphological diversifi

119 rlin syndrome, although none had odontogenic jaw keratocysts.

120 sability), incidence of osteonecrosis of the jaw, kidney dysfunction, skeletal morbidity rate (mean n

121 We measured jaw kinematics during benthic feeding and cranial muscul

122 fied shape variation of the lower pharyngeal jaw (LPJ) using geometric morphometrics.

123 os has been shown to contribute to heart and jaw malformation phenotypes.

124 Acquisition of the lower jaw (mandible) was evolutionarily important for jawed ve

125 anatomical location in mammals: teeth on the jaw margin and taste buds on the tongue.

126 evidence that Hand2 is sufficient for upper jaw (maxilla)-to-mandible transformation by regulating t

127 Tumors of the jaws may represent different human disorders and frequen

128 rs of teleost success include innovations in jaw mechanics, reproductive biology and, particularly at

129 Jaw morphogenesis depends on the growth of Meckel's cart

130 Jaw morphogenesis is a complex event mediated by inducti

131 n coupling in the dysregulation of heart and jaw morphogenesis.

132 Jaw morphological data, including those derived from Mi-

133 Importantly, the jaw morphology of OH 7 is incompatible with fossils assi

134 phological traits: body shape and pharyngeal jaw morphology.

135 nt of a four-bar system that predicts slower jaw movement.

136 increased TBZ-induced oral tremor (tremulous jaw movements), and decreased locomotor activity compare

137 uited for coordinating bilaterally symmetric jaw movements, and for enabling co-activation of specifi

138 Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ), although initially believed to be exclusive

139 ge fatigue via TMJ energy densities (ED) and jaw muscle duty factors (DF), which were combined to cal

140 s that control and coordinate the tongue and jaw muscles.

141 le trigeminal motoneurons (TMNs) controlling jaw musculature and ALS-resistant oculomotor neurons (OM

142 t that neither the anatomical site (tibia vs jaw) nor pathology (healthy vs necrotic jaw bone tissue)

143 -binding segment of Pds5B is shaped like the jaw of a plier lever and inhibits the binding of Scc1 to

144 ce of an ameloblastoma neoplasm in the lower jaw of a specimen referred to the derived non-hadrosauri

145 f large-scale bone regeneration in the lower jaw of adult zebrafish, we show that chondrocytes are cr

146 ree P2O5 glass-ceramic rods implanted in the jaws of beagle dogs.

147 resent evidence that the modified pharyngeal jaws of cichlid fishes and several marine fish lineages,

148 Morphometrics and modeling analyses of the jaws of Mesozoic mammals indicate that cladotherians evo

149 ion complex, making direct contact with the 'jaws' of RNAPII and nucleic acids in the transcription s

150 the maxillary arch (primordium for the upper jaw) of mouse embryos.

151 Osteonecrosis of the jaws (ONJ) is a rare but severe complication of antireso

152 Deleting sigma1.1 and either beta' jaw or SI3 equalizes OC lifetimes for lambdaPR and T7A1.

153 tepwise transformation of a gill arch into a jaw) or developmental genetic data (for example, shared

154 res, performance status scores, incidence of jaw osteonecrosis, and kidney dysfunction did not differ

155 ease (DJD), and patient-reported outcomes of jaw pain, function, and disability ("TMD impact").

156 acterizing impact from TMD as a composite of jaw pain, function, and disability, this cross-sectional

157 nd physiological innovations, such as hinged jaws, paired fins and immunoglobulin-based adaptive immu

158 Self-reports of jaw parafunction were markedly stronger predictors than

159 For example, trap-jaw, power-amplified mechanisms have been described for

160 biology, including NC allocation within the jaw primordia and NC-mediated proliferation, have been i

161 New analyses provide insight into how jaw protrusion changed predator-prey relationships and f

162 ion that enabled us to predict the extent of jaw protrusion in fossil fishes.

163 the evolution and functional implications of jaw protrusion in teleost fish assemblages from shallow

164 lity of fishes to catch elusive prey [2, 4], jaw protrusion is likely to have fundamentally changed t

165 Jaw protrusion is one of the most important innovations

166 vealed increases in both average and maximum jaw protrusion over the last 100 million years, with a p

167 Jaw protrusion substantially enhances the suction feedin

168 entified a robust morphological predictor of jaw protrusion that enabled us to predict the extent of

169 Over this period, the increase in jaw protrusion was initially driven by a taxonomic restr

170 a raptorial feeder and possessed the largest jaws recorded in polychaetes from the fossil record, wit

171 The in vivo zebrafish lower jaw regeneration model reveals that NHFs enhance blastem

172 on in vitro wound healing and in vivo lower jaw regeneration of zebrafish.

173 ximal body areas like the rectal, ocular, or jaw regions.

174 ial interdependencies between dental age and jaw relationships.

175 es that increase mechanical advantage during jaw rotation around a dorsoventrally-oriented axis (i.e.

176 while decreasing the mechanical advantage of jaw rotation around a mediolaterally-oriented axis (i.e.

177 slate to a four-bar system capable of faster jaw rotation.

178 Here, I test the hypothesis that pharyngeal jaw shape and tooth morphology are adaptive in an ecolog

179 Most significantly, the lower jaw shows evidence for neurovasculature that is also see

180 ges in face-S1, and in face-M1 the number of jaw sites even increased as compared to naive rats.

181 e radiation of vertebrates, yet variation in jaw size during development is often associated with dis

182 Variation in jaw size during evolution has been crucial for the adapt

183 migratory NC progenitor number in regulating jaw size, we reduced and augmented NC progenitors.

184 ion, have been important to the evolution of jaw size.

185 nd quail, achieve their remarkably different jaw size.

186 with sox9 essential functions, including the jaw/snout region, otic vesicle, eye, and brain.

187 otters in morphology and biting efficiency, jaw strength in S. melilutra far surpasses molluscivores

188 t functions of their skeletal derivatives in jaw support and sound transduction.

189 ependent on the 3D support of the developing jaw than other aspects of tooth shape.

190 ly 6,800 extant frog species, most have weak jaws that play only a minor role in prey capture.

191 tal domains required for formation of hinged jaws, the defining feature of gnathostomes.

192 eletal development of the hindlimb and lower jaw through discrete populations of cells that give rise

193 Relative to standard length (SL; jaw tip to caudal fin base distance), the surface area o

194 hopping heads" use a vice-like grip of their jaws to restrain and immobilize prey.

195 rdinated activation among the muscles of the jaw, tongue, and face, but the neural anatomical substra

196 , and for enabling co-activation of specific jaw, tongue, and facial muscles.

197 ovement disorders--affecting the eyes, face, jaw, tongue, or palate--are an under-recognised feature

198 This jaw-tooth integration of a specific aspect of the tooth

199 Dynamic stereometry (MR images combined with jaw-tracking data) characterized individual-specific dat

200 global p11 knockout (KO) mice develop fewer jaw tremors in response to tacrine.

201 gene are associated with hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor (HPT-JT) syndrome, an autosomal dominant disor

202 rine neoplasia type 1 or hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome.

203 Congenital epulis is a rare benign jaw tumor.

204 The hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumour (HPT-JT) syndrome is an autosomal dominant di

205 e Element planar models of different primate jaws under different loading scenarios (incisive, canine

206 ing between periodic motions of the infant's jaws, undulation of the tongue, and the breast milk ejec

207 engulfment, the whale accelerates, opens its jaw until it is almost perpendicular to the rostrum, and

208 endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to enhance jaw vascularization and stabilize the major mandibular a

209 s--represents one of the key events in early jawed vertebrate (gnathostome) history, because it provi

210 tion was a crucial event in the evolution of jawed vertebrate adaptive immunity.

211 through the Sprecher pathway, emerged in the jawed vertebrate ancestor.

212 Immunoglobulins (Igs) are a crown jewel of jawed vertebrate evolution.

213 ruities in character evolution in this major jawed vertebrate group.

214 iginated together with, if not before, their jawed vertebrate hosts >450 million years ago in the Ord

215 s vertebrates, TWEAK evolved early on in the jawed vertebrate lineage.

216 make convergent evolution in the jawless and jawed vertebrate lines unlikely and indicate an early or

217 helps unify the comparative anatomy of early jawed vertebrate neurocrania, clarifying primary homolog

218 dingly, we find BAFF orthologs in all of the jawed vertebrate representatives that we examined, altho

219 Several key functional features of jawed vertebrate rods are present in their phylogenetica

220 f agnathans, and the elephant shark, a basal jawed vertebrate.

221 large, complex nervous systems of all hinged-jaw vertebrates.

222 n is exemplified by the antigen receptors of jawed vertebrates (B- and T-cell receptors), heterodimer

223 Ds predate the emergence of fishes and other jawed vertebrates (Gnathostomata).

224 The emergence of jawed vertebrates (gnathostomes) from jawless vertebrate

225 Reproduction in jawed vertebrates (gnathostomes) involves either externa

226 In jawed vertebrates (gnathostomes), the head skeleton is m

227 tebrates that diverged from lines leading to jawed vertebrates (including mammals) in the late Cambri

228 preceding the last common ancestor of extant jawed vertebrates (~420 million years ago Ma).

229 e immunity at the transition from jawless to jawed vertebrates and diversified further within the jaw

230 es; herein 'sharks') are the earliest extant jawed vertebrates and exhibit some of the greatest funct

231 polarity of some arch features of the crown jawed vertebrates and invert the classic hypothesis, in

232 r activity is evolutionarily conserved among jawed vertebrates and is able to rescue the finless phen

233 The HoxA and HoxD gene clusters of jawed vertebrates are organized into bipartite three-dim

234 The enteric nervous system of jawed vertebrates arises primarily from vagal neural cre

235 to explain how the adaptive immune system of jawed vertebrates arose from closely linked receptor, li

236 mplex class I molecules (MHC I) help protect jawed vertebrates by binding and presenting immunogenic

237 of recombination-activating genes (RAGs) in jawed vertebrates endowed adaptive immune cells with the

238 es with the two principal T-cell lineages of jawed vertebrates expressing the alphabeta and gammadelt

239 Comparisons between lamprey and jawed vertebrates have yielded important insights into t

240 efining feature governing head patterning of jawed vertebrates is a highly conserved gene regulatory

241 tebrates reveals that the Tbx5 expression in jawed vertebrates is derived in having an expression dom

242 Although homology of oral teeth in jawed vertebrates is well supported, the evolutionary or

243 Other agnathans gave rise to jawed vertebrates or gnathostomes, the group including a

244 rs are present in certain placoderms, fossil jawed vertebrates retrieved as a paraphyletic segment of

245 Comparison of gene expression in jawless and jawed vertebrates reveals that the Tbx5 expression in ja

246 eature since the spleen's emergence in early jawed vertebrates such as sharks.

247 nterspersed nature of the TCRA/TCRD locus in jawed vertebrates that also allows the sharing of some v

248 neages in the common ancestor of jawless and jawed vertebrates that co-opted different antigen recept

249 odium channels (VGSCs) in nervous systems of jawed vertebrates that facilitate fast long-distance ele

250 Fossils of early gnathostomes (or jawed vertebrates) have been the focus of study for near

251 study of the origin of modern gnathostomes (jawed vertebrates).

252 principal divisions of modern gnathostomes (jawed vertebrates).

253 or HoxD genes in patterning the fin-folds of jawed vertebrates, and fuel new hypotheses about the evo

254 We argue that centra are homologous among jawed vertebrates, and review evidence in teleosts that

255 n was present in the last common ancestor of jawed vertebrates, but ambiguities arise from uncertaint

256 In jawed vertebrates, Endothelin signaling involves multipl

257 ave various roles during head development in jawed vertebrates, including pharyngeal pouch morphogene

258 ption factor Hand2, which is conserved among jawed vertebrates, is expressed in the neural crest in t

259 Jawed vertebrates, or gnathostomes, have two sets of pai

260 In extant jawed vertebrates, this region provides muscle precursor

261 "the features of 'true' rod transduction in jawed vertebrates, which permit the reliable detection o

262 lopment revealed a common pattern with other jawed vertebrates, which was helpful for comparison of s

263 recognized as an evolutionary innovation of jawed vertebrates, whose most primitive group is represe

264 hology of the last common ancestor of living jawed vertebrates, with competing hypotheses advancing e

265 ates-lampreys and hagfish) and gnathostomes (jawed vertebrates-cartilaginous and bony fishes), based

266 r genes evolved independently in jawless and jawed vertebrates.

267 - and T-lymphocyte antigen receptor genes of jawed vertebrates.

268 LM orthologs are not identifiable in certain jawed vertebrates.

269 n superfamily gene early in the evolution of jawed vertebrates.

270 (mandible) was evolutionarily important for jawed vertebrates.

271 lication at the time when myelin appeared in jawed vertebrates.

272 of a range of species within two classes of jawed vertebrates.

273 nt via the RAG recombinase in an ancestor of jawed vertebrates.

274 rtebrates and diversified further within the jawed vertebrates.

275 ans in resolving the evolutionary history of jawed vertebrates.

276 ry skills led to the evolutionary triumph of jawed vertebrates.

277 l record of ontogenetic edentulism among the jawed vertebrates.

278 la neurons instruct predatory hunting across jawed vertebrates.

279 n and somatic hypermutation of antibodies in jawed vertebrates.

280 ve module of odontodes in the mouth of early jawed vertebrates: the teeth.

281 with only parts of the original sclerotized jaw walls occasionally present.

282 Inspired by the polychaete worm jaw, we report a novel approach to generate stiffness gr

283 um stenosis, and severe osteomyelitis of the jaw were common clinical features.

284 Morphological changes to the lower jaw were detected at 96 hpf in response to 1 mug/L of pr

285 %] of 704) but rates of osteonecrosis of the jaw were low in both groups (nine [1%] of 697 vs five [<

286 Seven cases of osteonecrosis of the jaw were reported in the long-term group and six cases i

287 pert panel, no cases of osteonecrosis of the jaw were reported.

288 herbivorous, because their derived teeth and jaws were capable of processing fibrous plant foods.

289 Five fresh porcine jaws were sectioned and stored in formalin before OCT an

290 ated brainstem (BS)/spinal cord (SC) and the jaws were set to shield the BS/SC while ensuring the tar

291 ith symmetrical fibro-osseous lesions of the jaw, which are attributed to exacerbated osteoclast acti

292 upport blood vessel growth in the developing jaw, which in turn is essential for normal chondrocyte p

293 were agnathans - fish-like organisms without jaws, which first appeared near the end of the Cambrian

294 find that folivores species have the weakest jaws, whilst omnivores have the strongest mandibles with

295 indings of dup22q11.2, including Marcus Gunn jaw winking, Duane's retraction syndrome, and other abno

296 2.21; P < .001), and absence of Marcus Gunn (jaw-winking) syndrome (adjusted OR, 0.12; P = .01).

297 ng for binding sites in the cleft and on the jaw with the polyanionic discriminator strand and downst

298 nearly complete cranium and associated lower jaws with in situ dentitions.

299 atment in posterior mandibular and maxillary jaws with NDIs was as reliable as with SDIs, although ND

300 We show that, in the jaw, Wnt signalling is reduced specifically in regions o