1 Diagnosis of a full-thickness tear can be
learned to a high degree of accuracy.
2 CLIS without reliable means of communication-
learned to answer personal questions with known answers
3 -specific manner-suggesting that the network
learned to anticipate an expected stimulus.
4 Gerbils
learned to approach a spatial-olfactory stimulus that si
5 imultaneously in six limbic areas as rabbits
learned to approach a spout for water reinforcement afte
6 ring the same task, rats with fornix lesions
learned to approach a visible platform but did not learn
7 al neuronal activity was recorded while rats
learned to approach different reward locations in two co
8 Over time, we have
learned to appropriately apply these codes to our daily
9 Animals first
learned to associate a fixed sequence of Pavlovian cues
10 jects (N = 14) and healthy controls (N = 14)
learned to associate a visual cue with a juice reward.
11 hanges in brain activation when participants
learned to associate an arbitrarily located visual cue w
12 Flies
learned to associate cues with ethanol intoxication and,
13 After monkeys
learned to associate directions of motion with static sh
14 mulation results of a forward model that had
learned to associate motor commands with new sensory con
15 the hippocampal circuitry as human subjects
learned to associate names with faces.
16 Each day, monkeys
learned to associate novel abstract, dot-based categorie
17 ains recorded during a task in which monkeys
learned to associate novel images with rewarding and ave
18 Male rats
learned to associate one context with sucrose and anothe
19 ess for sucrose pellets, and they separately
learned to associate sucrose pellets with Pavlovian cues
20 We quantified the rate at which bats
learned to associate the calls of a poisonous toad speci
21 ich mice avoid an environment that they have
learned to associate with inflammation-induced discomfor
22 ersion of this 8-arm maze task in which they
learned to avoid 2 arms that were never baited.
23 The PBN-lesioned rats also
learned to avoid a flavor paired with IG LiCl infusions
24 ton-top tamarins (Saguinus oedipus) socially
learned to avoid a preferred food when it was made unpal
25 We show that predators that have
learned to avoid chemically defended prey continue to at
26 , predicted the degree to which participants
learned to avoid choices that had been probabilistically
27 throughout the 100 trials, whereas controls
learned to avoid disadvantageous decisions.
28 e in the initial location, which both groups
learned to avoid equally well.
29 However, they rapidly
learned to avoid searching for worms after a longer inte
30 patients and 33 healthy comparison subjects
learned to avoid shocks while undergoing a functional MR
31 Groups first
learned to avoid the bitter-tasting alternative of two f
32 Once birds had
learned to avoid the defended prey at a stable asymptoti
33 In this task monkeys
learned to avoid the familiar constant negatives and cho
34 Frogs
learned to avoid the fungus after just one B. dendrobati
35 All bats quickly
learned to avoid the noxious tiger moths first offered t
36 Within minutes, the birds
learned to avoid this disruptive masking (jamming) by ad
37 Human subjects
learned to balance a simulated inverted pendulum.
38 The facilitation team
learned to be more effective by focusing on noncontrover
39 We conclude that subjects
learned to behave in a near-optimal manner, meaning that
40 Participants
learned to categorize simple line stimuli into 1 of 2 ca
41 agnetic resonance imaging while participants
learned to categorize visual stimuli as predicting "rain
42 ral activity in the substantia nigra as mice
learned to change their action duration to earn food rew
43 hort-term memory, honeybees (Apis mellifera)
learned to choose between 2 colors on the basis of immed
44 tional magnetic resonance imaging while they
learned to choose instrumental actions that were associa
45 For each pair, subjects
learned to choose the more frequently-rewarded (better)
46 Some
learned to choose the same color as the sample (persever
47 d psychophysical experiments in which people
learned to classify binary sequences according to determ
48 Participants were either exposed to or
learned to classify three categories of cars (sedans, SU
49 Bees that
learned to classify visual targets by using this dual co
50 Monkeys
learned to combine probabilistic information from the sh
51 Over the past decade, researchers have
learned to confine one or a few electrons within a nanom
52 Nonhuman primates
learned to control a cursor to perform a reaching task u
53 sured patterns of generalization as children
learned to control a novel tool and found that the autis
54 We have investigated and
learned to control switching of oligo(phenylene ethynyle
55 Rodents
learned to control the pitch of an auditory cursor to re
56 and once cooperation was initiated, rapidly
learned to coordinate in more complex conditions as well
57 and how we (as vertebrates) have evolved and
learned to cope with viral evasion.
58 rying pattern of disturbing forces, subjects
learned to counteract the disturbance by producing force
59 Here, we wish to shed light on what has been
learned to date about the 1918 virus with regard to path
60 ncluding report takes stock of what has been
learned to date about the successes and challenges in pa
61 As over the years we have
learned to deal with the toxic side effects of this drug
62 ies and correlative analysis and the lessons
learned to design better clinical trials.
63 Here we show that naive mice readily
learned to detect brief trains of action potentials (fiv
64 s in the motor cortex over weeks, while mice
learned to detect objects with their whiskers and report
65 ver, like the other groups, IMA participants
learned to differentiate fingertip forces with repeated
66 .1 mg/kg nicotine discrimination but readily
learned to discriminate 0.001 mg/kg of the nicotinic ful
67 The monkeys first
learned to discriminate 60 pairs of objects, baited with
68 We observed that as mice
learned to discriminate between odors, synchronous firin
69 European starlings
learned to discriminate between sequentially presented d
70 Mice
learned to discriminate between stimuli differing in two
71 Normal rats
learned to discriminate between the trials but RSP-lesio
72 Both species
learned to discriminate between the two stimulus sets.
73 n gradient, two groups of participants first
learned to discriminate between two color stimuli, one p
74 When mice
learned to discriminate between two dissimilar odorants,
75 In contrast, when mice
learned to discriminate between two very similar odorant
76 The monkeys
learned to discriminate microstimulation patterns, and t
77 The data suggest that all monkeys
learned to discriminate preferred from nonpreferred food
78 alpha2delta3(-/-) mice
learned to discriminate pure tones, but they failed to d
79 Rats
learned to discriminate the location of IR sources in <4
80 The animals concurrently
learned to discriminate three pairs of compound visual p
81 Adult owl monkeys
learned to discriminate tones higher than a standard fre
82 s subsequent periods of a task in which rats
learned to discriminate two odors associated with positi
83 same layer 2/3 neuronal populations as mice
learned to discriminate two visual patterns while runnin
84 LA) neural ensembles as awake, behaving rats
learned to dislike the taste of saccharin [via condition
85 Rats
learned to distinguish a tone that predicted sucrose pel
86 in a near-optimal manner, meaning that they
learned to efficiently use all available information to
87 Both sexes
learned to emit the conditioned eyeblink response during
88 ine development, although much remains to be
learned to enable truly rational vaccine design.
89 Control mice rapidly
learned to escape from shallow water in a paddling pool,
90 ificantly decreased indicating that crayfish
learned to escape from the maze more rapidly and efficie
91 the rat primary motor cortex (MI) as animals
learned to execute movements in two directions.
92 Subjects rapidly
learned to exhibit a tail movement during these co-occur
93 Cuttlefish
learned to exit a maze that required them to find openin
94 he human immune system, these organisms have
learned to exploit immunoregulatory pathways, resulting
95 only a small number of variables need to be
learned to greatly improve on the accuracy of MC mean.
96 Rats initially
learned to identify 2 highly different periodic, frequen
97 Also, mockingbirds
learned to identify individual humans extraordinarily qu
98 A pattern classifier
learned to identify patterns of brain activity associate
99 And yet, bees
learned to identify the rewarded flowers in each differe
100 s differ from those of novices; experts have
learned to ignore features that are visually salient but
101 gest that black rats preexposed to prey odor
learned to ignore the unrewarding cue, leading to a sign
102 senescence is limited and much remains to be
learned to improve the effectiveness of next generation
103 We discuss lessons
learned to improve the success of targeting new PPIs and
104 Rats
learned to increase the presentation rate of the selecte
105 Rats
learned to increase the presentation rate of the selecte
106 Observers
learned to integrate information across locations and we
107 After several sessions, the free rat
learned to intentionally and quickly open the restrainer
108 I have
learned to let those events take me in new directions.
109 Rats
learned to lever press for self-administration of nicoti
110 Rats
learned to lever press for sucrose pellets, and they sep
111 In the first, rats
learned to lever-press for a sucrose-pellet reward.
112 Rats quickly
learned to lever-press for infusions of AMPA into the su
113 cumbens (NAS) increased locomotion, and rats
learned to lever-press for injections of Delta9THC into
114 Rats
learned to lever-press for microinjections of the cholin
115 They
learned to lick persistently when higher-value rewards w
116 nectivity that would have occurred as humans
learned to light fires in the dry season and to transfor
117 Both strains
learned to locate the visible platform at all ages.
118 Master, but not yoked, rats
learned to maintain their leg in a flexed position, exhi
119 Participants first
learned to make reaching movements while grasping an obj
120 After subjects had
learned to make relatively straight reaching movements i
121 The decoder rat
learned to make similar behavioral selections, guided so
122 Human participants wore a data glove and
learned to manipulate a computer cursor by moving their
123 All subjects
learned to minimize object roll within the first three t
124 Mice rapidly
learned to modulate activity in layer 2/3 neurons, evide
125 When moving in the channel, participants
learned to modulate grip force in synchrony with load fo
126 Both species
learned to modulate their angular search vectors and tar
127 e recorded EMG from four muscles as subjects
learned to move a manipulandum that created systematic f
128 Consistent with our hypothesis, subjects
learned to move the simulated linkage along geodesic lin
129 Before scanning, participants
learned to navigate each of the three mazes; hippocampal
130 Both groups
learned to navigate the maze to find hidden rewards, but
131 gic inputs was found when the Thy1-ChR2 mice
learned to nose-poke to self-stimulate these inputs, ind
132 tions and subsequently generalized what they
learned to novel stimulus combinations.
133 ld pointing when beneficial, whereas the 3rd
learned to obtain the hidden food by pointing deceptivel
134 o resources, program experience, and lessons
learned to other global health initiatives.
135 visual geometry, and, with experience, they
learned to parameterize the force magnitude.
136 cumbens while rats licked for taste cues and
learned to perform a taste discrimination go/no-go task.
137 The monkey
learned to perform brain control trajectories at 80% suc
138 The tortoise
learned to perform reliably above chance, preferentially
139 Through training, all participants
learned to perform successful goal-directed movements.
140 Network I
learned to perform the proper visuomotor transformations
141 hythms are modulated differently as the rats
learned to perform the T-maze task but nevertheless beco
142 lthough both lesioned rats and sham controls
learned to perform the task, we found that they relied o
143 and working memory, before and after monkeys
learned to perform two behavioral tasks.
144 Monkeys
learned to perform two different actions, "tap" for one
145 In 15 separate blocks, subjects
learned to pick one of three actions for stimuli.
146 r associated with 3 food items, the tamarins
learned to pick the color associated with 1 food item.
147 Like WT animals, P2X-dblKO mice
learned to prefer a flavor paired with 150 mm monosodium
148 The LH rats
learned to prefer a flavor that was paired with concurre
149 Animals
learned to press a lever for 0.5 s trains of stimulation
150 en received avoidance training in which they
learned to prevent a foot-shock by stepping in an activi
151 Subjects who
learned to prevent a shock through an action maintained
152 However, in the gain-up paradigm, the brain
learned to produce a larger amplitude saccade with traje
153 d that, in the gain-down paradigm, the brain
learned to produce a smaller amplitude saccade by alteri
154 ing learning represents what the subject has
learned to produce by that time.
155 ed the detailed structure of learning: birds
learned to produce the average of the behavioral traject
156 We show that chimpanzees that have
learned to produce these sounds show significant differe
157 After people
learned to produce two melodies in time with moving visu
158 Squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) that had
learned to reach toward 1 piece of food instead of 4 in
159 Three squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus)
learned to reach toward a container that covered food if
160 Historically, Chinese children have
learned to read by learning to associate the visuo-graph
161 schooled literate subjects, and subjects who
learned to read in adulthood (ex-illiterates).
162 and functional imaging at age 5, before they
learned to read, and at age 8, after they learned to rea
163 ey learned to read, and at age 8, after they
learned to read.
164 Rats
learned to recognize regular bars versus a smooth surfac
165 preferentially to the songs that birds have
learned to recognize.
166 reness, sensitivity, and language; graduates
learned to relate more meaningfully to patients/families
167 The rats
learned to reliably approach the correct goal and thus u
168 One set of rats
learned to reliably identify which of two vibrations had
169 Another set of rats
learned to reliably identify which of two vibrations had
170 Concurrently, subjects
learned to reorganize their body motions as they practic
171 nt sensation-seeking paradigm, although they
learned to respond for food normally.
172 ptual-motor learning using monkeys that have
learned to search for a visual target among distractors.
173 hey had cached them 4 hr earlier but rapidly
learned to search for peanuts and avoid decayed wax worm
174 Participants quickly
learned to select ("approach") rewarding and to reject (
175 ance imaging (fMRI) experiment, participants
learned to select between two response options by trial-
176 Participants
learned to select high probability reward (win pound1) a
177 Monkeys
learned to select one of four saccadic eye movements in
178 Participants
learned to select the "winner" of two sets of stimulus p
179 Once the horse had
learned to select the chromatic from the achromatic stim
180 ur possibilities, but the monkeys ultimately
learned to select the instructed saccade.
181 Both species
learned to select the larger numeral, but only rhesus mo
182 dissimilar, both the young and aged monkeys
learned to select the rewarded object quickly.
183 ever discrimination procedure, in which rats
learned to selectively respond between active and inacti
184 tion, which was assessed by how rapidly rats
learned to self-administer a threshold dose of cocaine,
185 to determine their role in extinction, rats
learned to self-administer cocaine before receiving inje
186 Rats quickly
learned to self-administer D-amphetamine into the medial
187 Rats quickly
learned to self-infuse a picrotoxin solution into the an
188 We found that, with practice, human subjects
learned to shape patterns of covariation between arbitra
189 t phases of the task, chimpanzees eventually
learned to shift their analogical reasoning strategy to
190 C57 mice
learned to solve the hidden-platform task when they were
191 hey were 24 days old, whereas DBA mice never
learned to solve this task.
192 Born with tuberous sclerosis, Deborah never
learned to speak and lived in a group home for the last
193 ine percent suffered hearing loss, 58% never
learned to speak, and nearly all had significant intelle
194 With practice, subjects
learned to stabilize the perturbed left arm during right
195 nd 53 years; for every month earlier a child
learned to stand, there was, on average, a gain of one h
196 Fish
learned to swim in response to visual stimulation preced
197 e monitored hippocampal ensembles while rats
learned to switch from two familiar trajectories to a ne
198 all college students and all but one pigeon
learned to switch on nearly every trial.
199 of these efforts by focusing on what we have
learned to this point on non-nucleoside inhibitors and o
200 BBD) built on a Segway robotic platform that
learned to traverse curved paths.
201 Rats
learned to traverse the alley quickly when presented wit
202 oncept study, eight patients with depression
learned to upregulate brain areas involved in the genera
203 During training, subjects
learned to use a discriminative cue to select a baited b
204 ound-to-word learning paradigm in which they
learned to use a foreign phonetic contrast for signaling
205 otor memories that were acquired when people
learned to use a novel tool.
206 Two rhesus monkeys
learned to use a virtual hand, which they moved with a j
207 Instead, they
learned to use distinct hand postures to get to a single
208 t years, however, many Chinese children have
learned to use electronic communication devices based on
209 Three subjects also rapidly
learned to use large stones over small ones, and that sa
210 r compliant with this protocol once they had
learned to use one of them.
211 ular, as predicted by the ideal actors, they
learned to use smaller control signals when forces were
212 Participants
learned to use specific actions to liberate snack foods
213 diately preceding experience with reward and
learned to use that information appropriately.
214 Further, in animals that had
learned to use the prosthesis, altering the topographic
215 With experience, members of both species
learned to use the switch strategy at above chance level
216 Monkeys
learned to use these artificial connections from cortica
217 sighted participants were monitored as they
learned to use this display to navigate the course.
218 However, when subjects
learned to use this imagery to control a computer cursor
219 cerebral cortex of captive chimpanzees that
learned to voluntarily produce sounds to attract the att
220 The majority of affected individuals never
learned to walk (68%).
221 After one monkey
learned to weight near and far disparities equally, acti