ライフサイエンスコーパス: liberal

1 utcomes than a liberal fluid protocol (FACTT Liberal).

2 gy than were those who were more politically liberal.

3 idney donors have gradually become much more liberal.

4 ovation and reform, sometimes referred to as liberals.

5 c needs to attain certainty and closure than liberals.

6 ated to avoid dissonance-arousing tasks than liberals.

7 ming and less willing to act against it than liberals.

8 tives tend to focus more on the past than do liberals.

9 mate and outright discrimination against non-liberals.

10 l, however, randomized patients (n = 838) to liberal (10 g/dL hemoglobin) or restrictive (7 g/dL) tra

11 Wglucoseday 0-7, standard care: 9.3 [1.8] vs liberal: 10.3 [2.1] mmol/L; p = 0.02) and nadir blood gl

12 3%) (p = 0.007 vs Lite) and similar to FACTT Liberal (11%) (p = 0.18 vs Lite).

13 /- 0.5) (p = 0.61) and greater than in FACTT Liberal (12.1 +/- 0.5, p < 0.001 vs Lite).

14 ht change >/=50 mum = 61%, 95%, and 60%; TCA-liberal = 86%, 62%, and 21%; TCA-moderate = 53%, 100%, a

15 e (Hb trigger, 70 g/L; target, 71-90 g/L) or liberal (90 g/L; target, 91-110 g/L) transfusion strateg

16 er in subregions where more women live under liberal abortion laws (p<0.05).

17 erral bias, dose attenuation, and reasonably liberal acceptance criteria for a patient to receive the

18 inequality and treatment of immigrants) and liberals acknowledged the relevant discrepancy with rega

19 s onto those of Jesus among conservative and liberal American Christians.

20 Further reducing potential dissonance, liberal and conservative Christians differed markedly in

21 age increased diffusion more strongly within liberal and conservative networks, and less between them

22 nces the hypothesis that differences between liberal and conservative orientations noted in the targe

23 iminated the political divide that separated liberal and conservative respondents' attitudes toward a

24 Randomized trials that compare liberal and restrictive transfusion strategies in patien

25 cal measurements were compared with the most liberal and the most conservative published anatomic gui

26 d producing conclusions that mischaracterize liberals and conservatives alike.

27 cause they misunderstand the degree to which liberals and conservatives are dispositionally different

28 the development of political ideologies, but liberals and conservatives are likely to respond to thre

29 and basic psychological threats that suggest liberals and conservatives are more similar than differe

30 dence documents a multitude of ways in which liberals and conservatives differ from each other in pur

31 bbing and colleagues argue convincingly that liberals and conservatives differ in reactivity to (nega

32 Liberals and conservatives emphasized somewhat different

33 e fact that much of the disagreement between liberals and conservatives is over whether or not one an

34 zing element of the many differences between liberals and conservatives is the nature of their physio

35 differences exist in the cognitive styles of liberals and conservatives on psychological measures.

36 implies that there may be differences in how liberals and conservatives respond to dissonance-arousin

37 Both liberals and conservatives show partisan bias that often

38 ences between what worries conservatives and liberals and suggest that relations between ideology and

39 are well-regarded by both conservatives and liberals; and the message explains how the scientist arr

40 Findings from the liberal approach (including variants in any locus across

41 thyroidism remains controversial, although a liberal approach to surgery has become more widely accep

42 nown, but current practice most often uses a liberal approach.

43 patients, we aimed to determine whether a " liberal" approach to glycemic control would reduce hypog

44 ing conditions under which conservatives and liberals are better suited to engage in self-control and

45 red and persistent cognitive styles, whereas liberals are more responsive to informational complexity

46 se of a general sense of insecurity, whereas liberals are relatively more secure.

47 ts in the Fluid and Catheter Treatment Trial liberal arm demonstrate the need to determine whether a

48 th SpO2 less than 88% in conservative versus liberal arm was 1% versus 0.3% (P = 0.03), and percentag

49 SpO2 greater than 98% in conservative versus liberal arm was 4% versus 22% (P < 0.001).

50 , each day) and was similar to adults in the liberal arm.

51 sessment sections were expanded; its general liberal arts knowledge section was eliminated; its scori

52 s not contain independent measures of either liberal arts or numeracy as separate categories, quantit

53 al asthma candidate genes, we purposely used liberal asthma gene inclusion criteria, resulting in con

54 led GWERk, that allows one to provide a more liberal balance between true positives and false positiv

55 Across all parameter sets, the most liberal bedaquiline use strategies consistently increase

56 In almost all cases, more liberal bedaquiline use strategies reduced the expected

57 laxants, and physical restraints, and allows liberal bedside physical activity in developmentally app

58 suggest that Duarte and colleagues' claim of liberal bias in the field seems American-centric.

59 s a particularly blatant example of the very liberal bias the authors decry.

60 ommentary summarizes my struggle to overcome liberal bias without conservative input.

61 Liberal biases include race, gender, and poverty, but al

62 elective, widespread PSA-testing followed by liberal biopsy criteria has resulted in a high rate of o

63 Liberal blood transfusion did not affect mortality compa

64 Although liberal blood transfusion thresholds have not been benef

65 only more likely to use stereotypes than are liberals, but are especially likely to negatively evalua

66 ith minimal changes in fecal flora, and more liberal chemoprophylaxis against this disease should be

67 than themselves on the former issues whereas liberals claimed that Jesus would be even more liberal t

68 moderate-severe hypoglycemia (relative risk: liberal compared with standard care: 0.47 [95% CI, 0.19-

69 mortality was different and opposite in the liberal compared with the restrictive arm depending on p

70 Hibbing et al. argue that the liberal-conservative continuum is (a) universal and (b)

71 We review evidence that the liberal-conservative continuum is far from universal and

72 es drawing from "big data" sources to assess liberal-conservative differences in happiness-related be

73 Research on the personality correlates of liberal-conservative differences points not to global di

74 Both the nature of negativity and the liberal-conservative opposition are ambiguous.

75 t defining it, and wrongly projects the U.S. liberal-conservative spectrum to the whole field of soci

76 Compared with liberals, conservatives tend to register greater physiol

77 By placing a liberal constraint on the upper bound of the number of d

78 Liberal consumption of dairy products in the diet is the

79 A more liberal correction (Benjamini and Hochberg correction) y

80 one of the 2 long-term membrane patients had liberal cortical penetration performed directly beneath

81 Renal function criteria should enable liberal creatinine clearance, unless the investigational

82 Our liberal criterion is comparable in power to two Bayesian

83 e of extraneous QTL and interactions; a more liberal criterion is more lenient on interactions but se

84 alse positive results, while offering a more liberal criterion than what has been used in genome scan

85 evice instructions for use; 69% met the most liberal definition of device instructions for use.

86 If one accepts a liberal definition of the learning curve (200 cases), it

87 Moreover, increasing liberals' desire for certainty led them to negatively ev

88 ponse to both signal and noise, predicting a liberal detection criterion with no effect on sensitivit

89 e that decreased alpha power reflects a more liberal detection criterion, rather than improved sensit

90 nd extended session lengths could allow more liberal diets and freedom from phosphorus binders.

91 tives tend to use such stereotypes more than liberals do because they express a greater desire for ce

92 ved survival from nonrenal diseases and more liberal entry into treatment programs.

93 om 56% in the Transitional era to 85% in the Liberal era and 62% in the Selective era.

94 DES outcomes in the Liberal era were significantly better than in the Transi

95 Because the risk-benefit ratio of a liberal FFP or platelet transfusion strategy for critica

96 e warranted for evaluating a restrictive vs. liberal FFP or platelet transfusion strategy for nonblee

97 controlled trials evaluating restrictive vs. liberal FFP transfusion strategies are warranted.

98 nced similar mortality with conservative and liberal fluid management (18% vs 18%; p = 0.928), wherea

99 lung injury randomized to a conservative vs. liberal fluid management protocol had increased days ali

100 injury was greater in those managed with the liberal fluid protocol (66% vs. 58%, p = .007).

101 ive fluid balance and better outcomes than a liberal fluid protocol (FACTT Liberal).

102 s have demonstrated increased morbidity with liberal fluid regimens in abdominal surgery.

103 Liberal fluid replacement of adults with severe malaria

104 Liberal fluid resuscitation has little effect on this se

105 servational studies, odds for mortality with liberal fluid resuscitation strategies increased (odds r

106 Current evidence indicates that initial liberal fluid resuscitation strategies may be associated

107 was to examine the effect of a voluntary but liberal food fortification policy on dietary intake and

108 type 2 diabetes and chronic hyperglycaemia, liberal glycemic control appears to attenuate glycemic v

109 omization trended toward higher rates in the liberal group (55%) than in the restrictive group (37%);

110 ian = 16 (interquartile range: 7, 40) in the liberal group (P < 0.0001, Wilcoxon rank sum).

111 s after randomization, mortality rate in the liberal group (primary endpoint of the study) was 45% (6

112 Patients in the liberal group received more RBC units than patients in t

113 s after randomization, mortality rate in the liberal group was lower (59% vs 70%) than in the restric

114 group and 16.9% (95% CI, 8.9%-25.4%) in the liberal group.

115 cal conservatives are happier than political liberals has relied exclusively on self-report measures

116 Guidelines define a liberal Hb trigger as transfusion of PRBCs for an intrao

117 in 10 units of PRBCs were transfused using a liberal Hb trigger.

118 ts to a restrictive (hemoglobin 7-8 g/dL) or liberal (hemoglobin 10-11 g/dL) transfusion strategy thr

119 Patients were randomized to the liberal (hemoglobin threshold, < 9 g/dL) or to the restr

120 rial may be warranted to assess whether more liberal ICU admission policies improve mortality for pat

121 ges were more likely to support foreign aid, liberal immigration policies, pacifism, and gun control,

122 Hospitals that are liberal in their transfusion practices have higher 30-da

123 (4) The underrepresentation of non-liberals in social psychology is most likely due to a co

124 More non-liberals in social psychology is unlikely to speed our c

125 In most cases, a liberal inclusion of SNPs in the genome-wide score impro

126 h to the traditional practices of delivering liberal infusions of intravenous fluid to all major trau

127 posterior probabilities are too high or too liberal instead.

128 In addition, according to self-reports, liberal instructions caused participants to be more like

129 Administration of traditional chloride-liberal intravenous fluids may precipitate acute kidney

130 surviving, dictated the surgical practice of liberal IVF administration until very recently.Newer wor

131 sitional (April 23, 2003, to June 30, 2004); Liberal (July 1, 2004, to December 31, 2006); and Select

132 Evolutionary psychologists are personally liberal, just as social psychologists are.

133 Notably, using both a stringent (S) and a liberal (L) criterion for agreement, RTCS-directed respi

134 andomized controlled trial, the influence of liberal (LIB) vs restricted (RES) perioperative fluid ad

135 n, 27.2 dB) and among the instruction types (liberal mean, 30.9 dB; conservative mean, 28.1 dB; and n

136 CA was evaluated using the recently proposed liberal, moderate, and conservative progression criteria

137 rginia represent 3 unique payer systems with liberal, moderate, and no Medicaid expansion, respective

138 Relative to conservatives, liberals more frequently used positive emotional languag

139 Patients were randomized to the liberal (n = 149) or to the restrictive transfusion stra

140 of embodied cognition: They can adopt a more liberal notion of embodiment or they can attempt to repl

141 ts in the Fluid and Catheter Treatment Trial liberal or conservative arms.

142 om children randomized as neonates to either liberal or restrictive RBC transfusion approaches were p

143 : The AABB cannot recommend for or against a liberal or restrictive transfusion threshold for hospita

144 cal studies designed to confirm beliefs that liberals (or conservatives) think deserve to be true.

145 to respond to the stimuli in a conservative, liberal, or neutral manner.

146 that sound research and analysis challenging liberal orthodoxies fails to receive a fair hearing in o

147 nterocolitis occurred less frequently in the liberal oxygen group.

148 Although infants cared for with a liberal oxygen target had significantly lower mortality

149 0.36 [0.34-0.39) in the conservative versus liberal oxygenation arm were significantly different (P

150 ulse oximetry (SpO2) of 88-92% (n = 52) or a liberal oxygenation strategy with target SpO2 of greater

151 Conservative, and 6,992 +/- 502 mL in FACTT Liberal (p < 0.001).

152 ity difference: 9.5% restrictive versus 8.5% liberal (P = 0.892, chi test).

153 in FACTT Lite, 25% in FACTT Conservative and Liberal, p = 0.84).

154 nificantly fewer panic attacks when applying liberal panic criteria; however, this effect only approa

155 ndard period and one patient (3%) during the liberal period had recurrent episodes of moderate-severe

156 mmol/L; p < 0.01) were increased during the liberal period.

157 s greater than 10 mmol/L whereas during the "liberal" period, 31 patients received insulin to treat b

158 al issues has defined social problems from a liberal perspective since at least the 1930s.

159 ot sedated or restrained and who are allowed liberal physical activity have shorter pediatric intensi

160 s evaluating both the safety and efficacy of liberal platelet transfusions are warranted.

161 thy, trauma resuscitation has shifted toward liberal platelet transfusions.

162 ive policy and 118 (20) g/L for those on the liberal policy (difference -2.0 [95% CI -12.0 to 7.0]; p

163 in the restrictive policy vs 83% (25) in the liberal policy (difference 14%; 95% CI 7-21; p=0.005).

164 d RBCs on the restrictive policy than on the liberal policy (restrictive policy 133 [33%] vs liberal

165 eral policy (restrictive policy 133 [33%] vs liberal policy 247 [46%]; difference -12% [95% CI -35 to

166 A more liberal policy of IOL in women with previous caesarean d

167 ted the authors to evaluate the results of a liberal policy of retransplantation and to examine the f

168 Ireland has traditionally operated a liberal policy of voluntary fortification, but little is

169 y and 533 patients in three hospitals with a liberal policy).

170 trials have compared a 'restrictive' with a 'liberal' policy with respect to effects on clinically re

171 tified as having moderate, conservative, and liberal political views.

172 Hospitals with liberal practices were twice as likely to transfuse pati

173 A more liberal preoperative intake is encouraged with fasting f

174 plied less than Americans who preferred more liberal presidents (Barack Obama and Bill Clinton) with

175 l that most social psychologists adhere to a liberal progress narrative.

176 Authors of non-liberal proposals experience more collegial objections t

177 of FACTT Lite, FACTT Conservative, and FACTT Liberal protocols.

178 controlled trials comparing restrictive and liberal RBC transfusion strategies for acute upper gastr

179 Wisely(R) recommendations focus on avoiding liberal RBC transfusion, avoiding thrombophilia testing

180 as to compare outcomes of a restrictive to a liberal red cell transfusion strategy in 20% or more tot

181 The effect of a restrictive versus liberal red-cell transfusion strategy on clinical outcom

182 starting from induction of anesthesia) or a liberal red-cell transfusion threshold (transfuse if hem

183 as important as increasing the number of non-liberal researchers.

184 Acute stress during encoding led to a more liberal response bias (more hits and false alarms) when

185 at time of encoding, thereby causing a more liberal response bias when probing these memories.

186 Liberal screening, leading to earlier diagnosis, would i

187 oss any two out of four algorithms or a more liberal set of all calls made by any algorithm.

188 alysis, using aggregated scores of nsSNPs at liberal significance thresholds and cross-validation pro

189 spatial resolution, localized shimming, and liberal smoothing, thereby decreasing the signal dropout

190 FA, we combined high spatial resolution with liberal smoothing.

191 is not cost-effective; at lower costs, more liberal statin-prescribing strategies would be preferred

192 y (51%), as compared with 61 assigned to the liberal strategy (14%), did not receive transfusions (P<

193 ed significantly in patients assigned to the liberal strategy (P=0.03) but not in those assigned to t

194 l fell below 7 g per deciliter) and 460 to a liberal strategy (transfusion when the hemoglobin fell b

195 h a restrictive transfusion strategy, a more liberal strategy could reduce cardiac complications by l

196 educes 28-day mortality when compared with a liberal strategy in cancer patients with septic shock.

197 with the restrictive strategy than with the liberal strategy in the subgroup of patients who had ble

198 ized study, we compared a conservative and a liberal strategy of fluid management using explicit prot

199 rtality in subphenotype 1 was 26% with fluid-liberal strategy versus 18% with fluid-conservative, whe

200 rtality in subphenotype 2 was 40% with fluid-liberal strategy versus 50% in fluid-conservative.

201 ng red-cell transfusion was noninferior to a liberal strategy with respect to the composite outcome o

202 As compared with the liberal strategy, the conservative strategy improved the

203 njury, these outcomes were no worse than the liberal strategy.

204 lood transfusion strategy is equivalent to a liberal strategy.

205 n the restrictive-strategy group than in the liberal-strategy group (95% vs. 91%; hazard ratio for de

206 tive-strategy group and 6992+/-502 ml in the liberal-strategy group (P<0.001).

207 as compared with 16% of the patients in the liberal-strategy group (P=0.01), and adverse events occu

208 ative-strategy group and 28.4 percent in the liberal-strategy group (P=0.30; 95 percent confidence in

209 tes of the primary outcome were 35.2% in the liberal-strategy group and 34.7% in the restrictive-stra

210 2 units of red cells were transfused in the liberal-strategy group and none in the restrictive-strat

211 estrictive-strategy group (odds ratio in the liberal-strategy group, 1.01; 95% confidence interval [C

212 Developed nations and politically liberal subnational units are expected to experience a p

213 Type I errors, while REL might have been too liberal, suggesting that the two positively selected sit

214 The application of the more liberal T2MI2012 definition resulted in an increase of T

215 undamental differences in conservatives' and liberals' temporal focus.

216 itment rate was significantly higher for the liberal than for the restrictive policy (62% vs 55%; p=0

217 berals claimed that Jesus would be even more liberal than themselves on the latter issues.

218 x-smokers, and more likely to be politically liberal than were the other female physicians.

219 al, 4.6-24.8%; p = .006) compared with fluid-liberal therapy in patients with infection-related acute

220 Liberal therapy reduced glycemic variability (coefficien

221 after cardiac surgery was not superior to a liberal threshold with respect to morbidity or health ca

222 in red-cell transfusions, as compared with a liberal threshold, reduces postoperative morbidity and h

223 the restrictive-threshold group than in the liberal-threshold group (4.2% vs. 2.6%; hazard ratio, 1.

224 roup, as compared with 12.5% of those in the liberal-threshold group (absolute risk difference, -1.11

225 roup, as compared with 72.6% of those in the liberal-threshold group (odds ratio, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.37

226 restrictive-threshold group and 3.6% in the liberal-threshold group (odds ratio, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.62

227 shold group and 33.0% of the patients in the liberal-threshold group (odds ratio, 1.11; 95% confidenc

228 restrictive-threshold group and 1003 in the liberal-threshold group.

229 shold group and 34.2% of participants in the liberal-threshold group.

230 until the hemoglobin level is 7-8 g/dL) with liberal thresholds (transfusion not indicated until the

231 tes findings from observational studies that liberal thresholds for red blood cell transfusion are as

232 (2.04 dB), the means for the responses from liberal to conservative differed by 6.57 dB in the older

233 tion of political and social views from more liberal to more conservative over the span of adulthood.

234 Entry criteria were relatively liberal to reflect the heterogeneity of metastatic breas

235 d to identify factors that might account for liberal tracheostomy use.

236 with gastrointestinal bleeding compared with liberal transfusion (10 g/dl) strategy.

237 he restrictive transfusion group than in the liberal transfusion group (mean difference -1.73 units,

238 coronary syndrome raise the possibility that liberal transfusion improves outcome, but large trials a

239 atio by a central telephone system to either liberal transfusion in which they received blood transfu

240 causes anemia and is associated with a more liberal transfusion policy.

241 gorized as having a restrictive, average, or liberal transfusion practice based on average trigger he

242 t programs should aim to identify and reduce liberal transfusion practice in the surgical patient.

243 ategies, the evidence for restrictive versus liberal transfusion strategies in neurosurgical patients

244 ity did not differ significantly between the liberal transfusion strategy (432 deaths) and the restri

245 We randomly assigned patients to a liberal transfusion strategy (a hemoglobin threshold of

246 ned to the two treatment groups: 1007 to the liberal transfusion strategy and 1009 to the restrictive

247 ies are needed to evaluate the use of a more liberal transfusion strategy in patients who develop pos

248 We observed a survival trend favoring a liberal transfusion strategy in patients with septic sho

249 We aimed to establish the effect of a liberal transfusion strategy on long-term survival compa

250 As compared with a liberal transfusion strategy, a restrictive strategy sig

251 A liberal transfusion strategy, as compared with a restric

252 th care-associated infection compared with a liberal transfusion strategy.

253 rictive transfusion strategy with those of a liberal transfusion strategy.

254 ion cannot be considered justification for a liberal transfusion strategy.

255 (hemoglobin level <7.5 g per deciliter) or a liberal transfusion threshold (hemoglobin level <9 g per

256 Randomized trials comparing restrictive and liberal transfusion triggers are urgently needed to comp

257 Randomized trials comparing restrictive and liberal transfusion triggers are urgently needed to dire

258 moglobin concentration fell below 80 g/L) or liberal (transfusion when haemoglobin concentration fell

259 n, 456 units (11.4%) were transfused using a liberal trigger (intraoperative, 122 patients [13.0%]; p

260 ceiving packed red blood cell (PRBC) using a liberal trigger hemoglobin concentration (pre-PBM vs pos

261 patients receiving PRBC transfusion using a liberal trigger hemoglobin concentration and fewer patie

262 iased, with either extremely conservative or liberal type I error rates.

263 se of DES decreased from 92 in 2004 to 2006 (liberal use era; n=7587) to 68 in 2007 (selective use er

264 patients with short esophagus, and its more liberal use is encouraged.

265 cal intensive care unit is variable and that liberal use may not be associated with improved outcome.

266 Our results suggest that more liberal use of cardiac allografts with relative contrain

267 We hypothesized that the liberal use of chest computed tomography after injury ha

268 rologists have gradually moved away from the liberal use of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents as the

269 e delivery was apparent, probably because of liberal use of fetal blood sampling.

270 With the more liberal use of hybrid procedures and endovascular stenti

271 h has simplified operations and allowed more liberal use of non-traditional incisions.

272 ur objective was to compare the effects of a liberal use of platelet (higher platelet:RBC ratios) wit

273 ug-eluting stents, which were implanted with liberal use of post-dilation.

274 Liberal use of stent post-dilation was encouraged.

275 wounds consisted of minimal exploration and liberal use of then-new antiseptics.

276 Despite liberal use of these grafts, we have been able to succes

277 These factors may underlie the liberal use of this procedure in our SICU.

278 ombination of fluid restriction, phlebotomy, liberal use of vasopressor medications, and avoidance of

279 Furthermore, liberal use was made of catalytic asymmetric transformat

280 e et al. draw attention to the "embedding of liberal values and methods" in social psychological rese

281 Trying to dispense with one's liberal values can help, if one is willing.

282 ence via mechanisms such as the embedding of liberal values into research questions and methods, stee

283 nce, we performed a meta-analysis to compare liberal versus restricted fluid resuscitation strategies

284 ontrolled trials that assessed the effect of liberal versus restrictive red blood cell transfusion in

285 ixed effects mortality odds ratios comparing liberal versus restrictive transfusion thresholds was 0.

286 incremental cost-effectiveness ratio for the liberal versus selective DES era was $16,000 per target

287 ined in concurring opinions that took a more liberal view.

288 The target article diagnoses a dominance of liberal viewpoints with little evidence, promotes a cons

289 an elderly population group exposed to this liberal voluntary fortification of foodstuffs in Ireland

290 With a more liberal voxel-level threshold of P <.01, the MCI group s

291 jury enrolled in a randomized trial of fluid liberal vs. fluid conservative management.

292 that across these studies conservatives and liberals were nearly equally likely to fight climate cha

293 ties in Bayesian analysis can be excessively liberal when concatenated gene sequences are used, where

294 iving kidney donor selection has become more liberal with acceptation of hypertensive donors.

295 andardized test was neither conservative nor liberal with respect to type I error rate (false-positiv

296 n the face of counterevidence, presenting 40 liberals with arguments that contradicted their strongly

297 The effects of a liberal worldview permeate and distort discussion of man