ライフサイエンスコーパス: locust

1 lier findings in the olfactory system of the locust ().

2 pecies, the Madeira cockroach and the desert locust.

3 cture and a major molecular component in the locust.

4 hem highly homologous to those of the desert locust.

5 ided by the principal receptor in a leg of a locust.

6 y in an identified visual interneuron of the locust.

7 s approaching on a collision course with the locust.

8 ile swarming insect pests such as the desert locust.

9 s of second-order ocellar "L-neurons" of the locust.

10 he cockroach and comparison with that in the locust.

11 on similar regions of the middle leg of the locust.

12 me from recent studies on the pigeon and the locust.

13 room body local field potential (LFP) of the locust.

14 one neuropil not present in the cockroach or locust.

15 al sky compass in the central complex of the locust.

16 identify molecules linked to diapause in the locust.

17 tioned aversion more quickly than gregarious locusts.

18 r the evolution of behavioural plasticity in locusts.

19 pendent behavioural phase-change in juvenile locusts.

20 altered the behavior of long-term gregarious locusts.

21 formation and greater activity in gregarious locusts.

22 ects, such as conspecifics, than solitarious locusts.

23 e by Kenyon cells onto downstream targets in locusts.

24 higher frequency of MMM among infected male locusts.

25 e half the amplitude of those in solitarious locusts.

26 surveillance of large insects such as desert locusts.

27 both non-swarming grasshoppers and swarming locusts.

28 h crowd-reared and uncrowded solitary-reared locusts.

29 pulsive behavior in behavioral plasticity in locusts.

30 Low temperature induces diapause in locusts.

31 of butterflies, large moths, dragonflies and locusts.

32 ng of the molecular basis of phase change in locusts.

33 have a critical role in phase transition in locusts.

34 ophylaxical disease resistance of gregarious locusts.

35 h regulates ovulation rate in Drosophila and locusts [7, 14-20]; serotonin, which regulates muscle co

36 circuits for vision in the larger brain of a locust, a phylogenetically old, flying insect, we adapte

37 variability in auditory receptor neurons of locusts, a classic insect model system.

38 Plant N content was lowest and locust abundance highest in heavily livestock-grazed fie

39 Solitarious locusts acquire key behavioral characters of the swarmin

40 d important for stimulus identification, but locusts actively increase intermittency, possibly to imp

41 Both mortality and invasion of the brain in locusts after injection of E. coli K1 require at least t

42 te collectively, as observed not only in the locust AL, but also in the vertebrate olfactory bulb.

43 Locusts also compensated for the loss of inputs to one e

44 apricot chips after 5 days (Syrah) or black locust and apricot after 5 days (Cabernet).

45 oak, chestnut, cherry, white mulberry, black locust and apricot where used.

46 uniper, common walnut, white mulberry, black locust and apricot).

47 gh a neural mechanism like that described in locust and Drosophila.

48 isease of acridids and an important agent in locust and grasshopper biocontrol.

49 te-noise" odor stimuli to the antenna of the locust and recorded spike trains from antennal lobe proj

50 2 strain HB101 has very low pathogenicity to locusts and does not invade the locust brain, whereas th

51 Locusts and grasshoppers (acridids) are among the worst

52 ontogeny in the mantis is similar to that in locusts and in noctuid moths, but it differs from cricke

53 es in the molecular basis of phase change in locusts and present some challenges that need to be addr

54 Recent observations of locusts and starlings have shown that this directional s

55 zing factor 1 have reduced abilities to kill locusts and to invade the locust brain compared to the p

56 assumption in analyzing experimental data on locusts and use a similar systematic Fokker-Planck equat

57 ery that serotonin mediates gregarization in locusts and with findings in vertebrates that similarly

58 utionary transition between grasshoppers and locusts - and vice versa.

59 e video of wild black kites attacking flying locusts, and estimate kite attack speeds of 10.8+/-1.4 m

60 re frequent among infected than healthy male locusts, and propose that this may be explained by termi

61 kroaches and crickets, the schistostatins of locusts, and the callatostatins of blowflies.

62 Transient pairwise synchronization of locust antennal lobe (AL) projection neurons (PNs) occur

63 Locust antennal lobe (AL) projection neurons (PNs) respo

64 Recordings in the locust antennal lobe (AL) reveal activity-dependent, sti

65 Projection neurons (PNs) in the locust antennal lobe exhibit odor-specific dynamic respo

66 ions are performed with the responses of 168 locust antennal lobe projection neurons (PNs) to varying

67 Odors evoke complex responses in locust antennal lobe projection neurons (PNs)-the mitral

68 ata and the model, revealing that individual locusts appear to increase the randomness of their movem

69 Here, we show that locusts are biased in the forelimb they use to reach acr

70 Remarkably, when solitarious locusts are crowded and then reconditioned with the odor

71 Locusts are grasshoppers that can form dense migrating s

72 Apart from being notorious outbreak pests, locusts are of interest because of their expression of d

73 se polyphenism may have initially evolved in locusts as a behavioural strategy to reduce the connecti

74 e that the loom of a kite's thorax towards a locust at these speeds should be characterised by a rela

75 lar tracer molecules were delivered into the locust auditory nerve without destroying its function, s

76 phase-dependent odor preference: solitarious locusts avoid an odor associated with hyoscyamine, where

77 olatiles during crowding, whereas gregarious locusts avoided their volatiles during isolation.

78 ted, B. ovatus was no longer able to grow on locust bean galactomannan.

79 selective quantification of xanthan gum and locust bean gum (LBG) in gelled food concentrates is pre

80 The effects of xanthan gum (XG)-locust bean gum (LBG) mixtures (0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2 and

81 protein isolate (WPI) and 0.1% xanthan (XG)-locust bean gum (LBG) mixtures was investigated.

82 ffect of adding different thickening agents (locust bean gum (LBG), modified corn and rice starches (

83 /100 ml), monoacylglycerol (0-0.4 g/100 ml), locust bean gum (LBG; 0-0.1 g/100 ml), and carrageenan (

84 Locust bean gum showed the greatest phase separation, fo

85 ed with cells grown in lactose, mannose, and locust bean gum, and very little or no expression of cbp

86 identified in gum arabic whereas cherry and locust bean gums showed respectively PentxHexy and Hexn

87 ts (guar, xanthan, carboxy methyl cellulose, locust bean gums, potato fiber, milk, potato and soy pro

88 Xanthan, locust bean, guar and carboxy methyl cellulose significa

89 profiles of gums such as arabic, cherry and locust-bean gums were successfully identified.

90 ojection neurons in the antennal lobe of the locust brain (the functional analog of mitral-tufted cel

91 Analysis of locust brain and locust eye homogenates in Western blots

92 abilities to kill locusts and to invade the locust brain compared to the parent E. coli K1.

93 mary commissure pioneer (PNP) neurons of the locust brain that pioneer the first commissure in the br

94 ogenicity to locusts and does not invade the locust brain, whereas the injection of 2 x 10(6) E. coli

95 h activates guanylyl cyclase activity in the locust brain.

96 Eurasian grassland promote outbreaks of this locust by reducing plant protein content.

97 Locusts can also impose odor intermittency through activ

98 It is shown here for the first time that locusts can be used as a model to study Escherichia coli

99 Solitary locusts can transform their preference for gregarious vo

100 Locusts can use a hindleg or middle leg to groom at leas

101 activation of OARalpha signaling in solitary locusts caused the behavioral shift from repulsion to at

102 Many neurons in the locust CC, including columnar and tangential neurons, we

103 odulators in distinct sets of neurons of the locust central complex with TBH likely being the rate-li

104 pauses become longer, the probability that a locust changes direction from its previous direction of

105 actory preference of gregarious and solitary locusts co-injected by these two monoamines displayed th

106 studies in this field have been performed in locusts, cockroaches, crickets, and stick insects, the e

107 In contrast to locusts, colocalization of SIFamide and histamine immuno

108 tor alpha (OARalpha) signaling in gregarious locusts controlled attraction-response, whereas in solit

109 ied in other orthopteroid taxa (cockroaches, locusts, crickets, tettigoniids).

110 Gregarious locust DCMDs produced more action potentials and had hig

111 ociated with hyoscyamine, whereas gregarious locusts do not.

112 veal that cannibalism, a striking feature of locust ecology, could lead to the evolution of density-d

113 oes not play the same role in patterning the locust embryo as it does in Drosophila.

114 Locusts exhibit two interconvertible behavioral phases,

115 Analysis of locust brain and locust eye homogenates in Western blots using X-peptide

116 among individuals, as did the forelimb, some locusts favouring their right forelimb more often, other

117 In contrast, sensory feedback during locust flight or to multiple cortical areas just prior t

118 In contrast, the locusts' forelimb movements immediately prior to reachin

119 holinergic synaptic transmission between the locust forewing stretch receptor neuron (fSR) and the fi

120 Mormon crickets and juvenile locusts form huge migratory bands--millions of individua

121 ent similar to the axial selectivity seen in locust ganglion cells which detect looming stimuli.

122 The black locust gene (RpALN) was differentially regulated in coty

123 However, NADPHd in locust glial and perineurial cells was histochemically d

124 itarious individuals are repelled from other locusts, gregarious insects are attracted to conspecific

125 for the empirically observed persistence of locust groups during outbreaks.

126 h hyoscyamine, a plant alkaloid found in the locusts' habitat [5, 6], elicits a phase-dependent odor

127 The neurons in the antennal lobe of the locust had been shown to encode the identity of odorants

128 Control of grasshoppers and locusts has traditionally relied on synthetic insecticid

129 ole crickets, katydids, green lacewings, and locusts have anti-bat strategies, and we have just scrat

130 Electrophysiological investigations in locusts have revealed that the sparseness of odor repres

131 ously with femur elevation, in contrast with locust hindleg movements during walking.

132 To understand the formation of marching locust hopper bands, we study phase change at the collec

133 se as trout, tunas, oysters, squid, turtles, locusts, hummingbirds, seals, and humans revealed the ad

134 the movement behaviour of individual desert locusts in a homogenous experimental arena with minimal

135 Notably, recognition performance of locusts in behavioral assays correlated well with our ph

136 nstability in motion at densities typical of locusts in the field, in which groups can switch directi

137 Desert locusts in the solitarious phase were repeatedly touched

138 In desert locusts, increased population densities drive phenotypic

139 ed earlier in gregarious than in solitarious locusts, indicating a differential tuning.

140 show that it would be highly detrimental for locust individuals to continue indefinitely in a dispers

141 In locusts, information about odour identity is contained i

142 mmons reports that postsynaptic responses of locust interneuron synpapses are determined by the rate

143 LOCUST is a custom sequence locus typer tool for classif

144 The desert locust is an agricultural pest that is able to switch fr

145 Phase change in locusts is an ideal model for studying the genetic archi

146 ver, enhanced pathogen resistance in crowded locusts is associated with elevated antimicrobial activi

147 the thoracic and abdominal nervous system of locusts is sufficient to mediate several site-specific a

148 In the locust, it was proposed that a subset of lateral horn in

149 Locust lamina monopolar cells, L1 and L2, were the main

150 are closely related to locusts often express locust-like plastic reaction norms.

151 chrome P450 gene LmCYP4G102 in the migratory locust Locusta migratoria.

152 Interestingly, locusts (Locusta migratoria) can reversibly transit thei

153 Olfactory afferents of adult locusts (Locusta migratoria) were axotomized by crushing

154 f the cockroach, Leucophaea maderae, and the locust, Locusta migratoria.

155 ng (MMM) behaviour in female-deprived desert locust males infected with the entomopathogenic fungus M

156 ng us to establish the intrinsic dynamics of locust marching bands.

157 ascending intersegmental interneurons in the locust metathoracic ganglion that are points of converge

158 We speculate that locust mortality increased as a result of synergism via

159 Locust motion is intermittent and we reveal that as paus

160 r qualitatively reproduces recently reported locust movement data.

161 While Levy features do exist, locusts' movement patterns are more fully described by c

162 In contrast to Drosophila, locust mushroom bodies and antennal lobes expressed Fas

163 ly described tubular compartmentalization of locust mushroom bodies.

164 lyses of Sema 1a and Fas I expression during locust mushroom body formation.

165 g neuronal responses to celestial cues helps locust navigation, demonstrating a common principle of s

166 and histochemical analysis of cockroach and locust nervous systems indicated that neuronal NADPHd af

167 In a locust neuron called the lobula giant motion detector (L

168 In the adult locust, nitric oxide (NO) synthase is expressed in inter

169 ment itself the motion of groups of 5 to 100 locust nymphs was investigated in a homogeneous laborato

170 ity for the onset of coordinated marching in locust nymphs.

171 Recent discoveries show how locusts obtain unambiguous information from time-depende

172 In the absence of conspecifics, locusts occur in a shy and cryptic solitarious phase.

173 Second-order neurons L1-3 of the locust ocellar pathway make inhibitory synapses with eac

174 dentified large, second-order neurons in the locust ocellar system.

175 tylcholine in large, second-order neurons of locust ocelli (L-neurons).

176 rs in five species (guinea pig, rat, monkey, locust, octopus), we found the following: (1) thin axons

177 These results suggested that, as in locusts, odors may elicit the oscillatory synchronizatio

178 In the locust, odours evoke activity in dynamic (evolving) ense

179 viability of Oedaleus asiaticus, a dominant locust of north Asian grasslands.

180 swarming species that are closely related to locusts often express locust-like plastic reaction norms

181 Recent studies of locust olfaction found that the responses of individual

182 In conclusion, axonal regeneration in the locust olfactory system appears to be possible, precise,

183 A recent analysis of the locust olfactory system has revealed a surprising circui

184 A recent study in the locust olfactory system shows how neuromodulators can al

185 In the locust olfactory system, single odor puffs cause the imm

186 Using the locust olfactory system, we isolated two main causes of

187 onships across populations of neurons in the locust olfactory system.

188 investigated this potential confound in the locust olfactory system.

189 irst and second relays, respectively, of the locust olfactory system.

190 l lobes (AL) and mushroom bodies (MB) of the locust olfactory system.

191 ipulations we directly test this idea in the locust olfactory system.

192 circuit dynamics we here use a model of the locust olfactory system.

193 m several other species, our recordings from locust ORNs showed a great diversity of temporal structu

194 We show that a locust ortholog of the Drosophila protein Bruchpilot is

195 n receptor binding in the cockroach hindgut, locust oviduct, and fruit fly crop are similar.

196 pressin agonist on the cockroach hindgut and locust oviduct, mimicked the effect of dromyosuppressin

197 tonin, which regulates muscle contraction in locust oviducts [21]; and the FMRF amide dromyosuppressi

198 In contrast, although in locusts pair-rule homologues may not control segmentatio

199 Over a four-week period, infected locusts performed more MMM behaviours than healthy contr

200 ty-dependent phenotypic plasticity, known as locust phase polyphenism.

201 erstanding the development and biocontrol of locust plagues.

202 Locusts possess an identified neuron highly sensitive to

203 Locusts possess an identified neuron, the descending con

204 Locusts possess uniquely identifiable visual neurons (th

205 This locust preferred plants with low N content and artificia

206 Unexpectedly, 40% of all locust R cell synapses onto both L1 and L2 were tetrads,

207 Here we show that, as predicted, desert locusts reared under crowded conditions are significantl

208 Consistent with this interpretation, locusts reliably recognized both solitary and sequential

209 rs underlying attraction and repulsion among locusts remains unknown.

210 The flight motor system of the locust represents a model preparation for the investigat

211 DCMD-FETi system so that swarming gregarious locusts respond earlier to small moving objects, such as

212 Enhancement of TAR signaling in gregarious locusts resulted in the behavioral shift from attraction

213 at each edge of the expanding object on the locust retina.

214 hose of other species, especially the desert locust, revealed a surprising degree of conservation.

215 sion profiles across the trunk wood of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) trees.

216 ia allantoinase), from Arabidopsis and black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia).

217 M, significantly increased with the mounting locust's proximity to death.

218 We find that the desert locust, S. gregaria, which is the only Old World represe

219 tector (LGMD) is such a visual neuron in the locust Schistocerca americana that responds selectively

220 n also occurs in an invertebrate, the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria (Orthoptera: Acrididae).

221 ectrometry, a SIFamide peptide in the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria and studied its distributio

222 orded intracellularly from CC neurons in the locust Schistocerca gregaria during visual stimulation v

223 soluble guanylyl cyclase in the brain of the locust Schistocerca gregaria was analysed using antisera

224 tterning in the embryo of the African plague locust Schistocerca gregaria, an orthopteran insect that

225 Here we examined this issue in the locust (Schistocerca americana) olfactory system.

226 ission in olfactory neurons in intact, awake locusts (Schistocerca americana) while pharmacologically

227 Desert locusts (Schistocerca gregaria) show a dramatic form of

228 endent phase polyphenism, such as the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria.

229 e short-germ development, the African desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria.

230 Migrating desert locusts, Schistocerca gregaria, are able to use the skyl

231 Desert locusts, Schistocerca gregaria, show extreme phenotypic

232 Thus, locusts show handedness during targeted forelimb placeme

233 e find that crowd-reared and solitary-reared locusts show markedly different neural MS-AFLP fingerpri

234 itive associative learning, with solitarious locusts showing a conditioned aversion more quickly than

235 ltiple hosts (strain 820) and seven from the locust specialist M. anisopliae sf. acridum (strain 324)

236 the dendritic tree of the LGMD, across three locust species.

237 ctional catalase-peroxidase, MakatG1, in the locust-specific fungal pathogen, Metarhizium acridum, fu

238 ta migratoria manilensis to infection by the locust-specific fungal pathogen, Metarhizium acridum.

239 During outbreaks, locust swarms can contain millions of insects travelling

240 itch in behavior that seeds the formation of locust swarms is individuals regularly touching others o

241 wild, such as bird flocks, fish shoals, and locust swarms.

242 ral honeys types (asphodel, buckwheat, black locust, sweet chestnut, citrus, eucalyptus, Garland thor

243 to OA receptor, 59% and 58% to the migratory locust TA-1 and -2 receptors respectively, and 57% with

244 High-speed video analysis showed that locusts targeted their front legs to specific rungs in t

245 ction interneurones which originate from the locust terminal abdominal ganglion and receive wind and

246 mantis LOX is more similar to the LOX of the locust than the more closely related cockroach suggestin

247 or of Schistocerca must have been a swarming locust that crossed the Atlantic Ocean from Africa to Am

248 lateral visual interneuron in North American locusts that acts as an angular threshold detector durin

249 fied common inhibitory motor neuron (CI1) in locusts that performed natural aimed scratching movement

250 In desert locusts the neurochemical organization of the central co

251 Here we examine, using locusts, the changes in population dynamics of projectio

252 that odour encoding involves, as it does in locusts, the oscillatory synchronization of assemblies o

253 Among infected locusts, the probability of MMM, and the duration of tim

254 In locusts, the synapses between the intrinsic mushroom bod

255 motoneurons innervating the hind leg of the locust: the FETi-FlTi synapse (fast extensor tibiae-flex

256 ior that underlies swarm formation in desert locusts: the foraging gene product, a cGMP-dependent PK

257 me remaining before collision whereas in the locust they have a crucial role in the simple strategy t

258 In locusts, this transformation relies on the oscillatory s

259 Here we use the locust to answer fundamental questions about noise in th

260 utilise the accessible nervous system of the locust to ask how exposure to high levels of ELF EMF imp

261 h from strong mutual aversion in solitarious locusts to coherent group formation and greater activity

262 rovides a neuroecological mechanism enabling locusts to reassign an appetitive value to an odor that

263 Here, we use the olfactory system of awake locusts to test whether the timing of spikes in Kenyon c

264 e significantly more resistant than solitary locusts to the entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium anis

265 maintains constant levels of motor drive as locusts transform from their solitarious phase to their

266 Monarch butterflies and locusts traverse continents [1, 2], and foraging bees an

267 In the trunk wood of a mature black locust tree, the RpALN gene was highly expressed in the

268 In locusts, two lobula giant movement detector neurons (LGM

269 We give a quantitative description of how locusts use noise to maintain swarm alignment.

270 Here we surveyed >250 LHNs in locusts using intracellular recordings to characterize t

271 ement detector (LGMD1 and -2) neurons in the locust visual system are parts of motion-sensitive pathw

272 e lobula giant motion detector (LGMD) in the locust visual system is a wide-field, motion-sensitive n

273 giant movement detector (LGMD) neuron in the locust visual system is part of a motion-sensitive pathw

274 We investigated whether desert locusts walking along a horizontal ladder use vision to

275 Our data show that locusts walking in environments where footholds are limi

276 Observations of locusts walking on a horizontal ladder demonstrate that

277 ddition, the cuticle of LmCYP4G102-knockdown locusts was fragile and easier deformable than in contro

278 In experimental trials, infected locusts were also significantly more likely than control

279 this study, we found gregarious and solitary locusts were attracted or repulsed respectively by grega

280 more likely to be successful if the mounted locusts were experimentally manipulated to have a reduce

281 er, predictable behavioural responses across locusts were observed only to novel stimuli that evoked

282 y in acutely crowded solitarious (transiens) locusts, whereas appetitive learning and prior learned a

283 The DCMDs trigger 'glides' in flying locusts, which are hypothesised to be appropriate last-d

284 the lobula giant movement detector, LGMD, of locusts) whose output firing rate in response to looming

285 or the DeltaMakatG1 mutant were decreased on locust wings and quinone/phenolic compounds derived from

286 and quinone/phenolic compounds derived from locust wings, but were not affected on plastic surfaces

287 By contrast, solitarious locusts with an RNAi-induced reduction in PKA catalytic

288 ts of leg motoneuron activity were evoked in locusts with deefferented legs by tactile stimulation of

289 hizium biopesticide kills 70%-90% of treated locusts within 14-20 days, with no measurable impact on

290 train RS218 (O18:K1:H7) kills almost 100% of locusts within 72 h and invades the brain within 24 h of