ライフサイエンスコーパス: marijuana

1 failure for transplant who use legal medical marijuana.

2 US states and countries that legalize retail marijuana.

3 ol and improved significantly by exposure to marijuana.

4 ana laws does not increase adolescent use of marijuana.

5 medical marijuana laws and adolescent use of marijuana.

6 udies is essential to clarify the effects of marijuana.

7 drocannabinol (THC), the primary CB found in marijuana.

8 isting for patients using legal recreational marijuana.

9 l marijuana, and 4 states allow recreational marijuana.

10 nsequences or driving under the influence of marijuana; 3 trials generally found no reduction in depr

11 Given changing laws and attitudes toward marijuana, a balanced presentation of the likelihood of

12 Cannabis sativa, or marijuana, a popular recreational drug, alters sensory p

13 ressed especially politicized health issues (marijuana, abortion, and firearm storage).

14 A may lead to novel treatment strategies for marijuana abuse.

15 ed brain reactivity to the DA stimulation in marijuana abusers that might contribute to their negativ

16 Such laws could convey a message about marijuana acceptability that increases its use soon afte

17 nding treatment options, the legal status of marijuana, addressing the opioid epidemic, insurance cov

18 nt users of marijuana with 4.6 million using marijuana almost daily.

19 On the other hand, marijuana and alcohol might follow an additive effect tr

20 0.362 to -0.128; P < .001), and relevance of marijuana and glaucoma treatment costs (beta, 0.127; 95%

21 etween frequent recreational cannabis (FRC) (marijuana and hashish) use and periodontitis prevalence

22 Marijuana and hemp were crossed to evaluate competing mo

23 hich have evidence to support treatment with marijuana and many that do not.

24 oducts by children, the relationship between marijuana and opioid use, and whether there will be an i

25 Self-report data on marijuana and other drug use occasions were collected an

26 e results were largely unchanged when use of marijuana and other drugs was examined.

27 for education regarding the risk of smoking marijuana and prevention messages.

28 d to questionnaires including information on marijuana and recreational drug use during the past 3 mo

29 ffects, and proposed mechanisms of action of marijuana and summarizes the available literature regard

30 Marijuana and tobacco use were each independently associ

31 2015, almost half of US states allow medical marijuana, and 4 states allow recreational marijuana.

32 with other drugs (such as nicotine, alcohol, marijuana, and antidepressant) with infants with similar

33 atly elevated risks for smoking and alcohol, marijuana, and drug use.

34 rs (MAR), smoking-and-marijuana users (SAM), marijuana-and-drinking users (MAD), and users of all thr

35 Attitudes toward marijuana are changing, the prevalence of DSM-IV cannabi

36 veral limitations associated with the use of marijuana as a treatment for glaucoma.

37 inol (THC), the primary active ingredient in marijuana, as assessed with self-administration (SA), ha

38 ased acceptability among the public of using marijuana based on false perceptions of its therapeutic

39 medical and recreational use of cannabis, or marijuana, becomes more prevalent, law enforcement needs

40 to 0.444; P < .001), false beliefs regarding marijuana (beta, 0.323; 95% CI, 0.236 to 0.504; P < .001

41 subsequent perceived harmfulness and use of marijuana by adolescents.

42 ent of a specific phytochemical component of marijuana called cannabidiol (CBD), which possesses prom

43 Use of marijuana (Cannabis sativa) often begins in adolescence,

44 ical questions about the long-term impact of marijuana (Cannabis sativa) that are especially importan

45 s a natural nonpsychotropic cannabinoid from marijuana (Cannabis sativa) with anti-epileptic and anti

46 ol (THC), the main psychoactive component of marijuana (Cannabis sativa), in a Long-Evans rat model a

47 HC) and cannabidiol (CBD) occur naturally in marijuana (Cannabis) and may be formulated, individually

48 Annual RPC pediatric marijuana cases increased more than 5-fold from 2009 (9)

49 el.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTCannabis sativa, or marijuana, causes euphoria and exerts a wide range of me

50 Although the benefit of marijuana cessation on recovery is uncertain, further st

51 n 77 heterogeneous substance users (alcohol, marijuana, cocaine, and opioids) demonstrated preliminar

52 nce of tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) in marijuana compared with cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) in hem

53 esses a potential unifying mechanism whereby marijuana could exert rewarding and addictive/withdrawal

54 The main psychoactive compound in marijuana, Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), and its

55 disorder (OR, 2.03 [95% CI, 1.03-3.99]), and marijuana dependence (OR, 2.88 [95% CI, 1.07-7.71]) comp

56 in cannabis, play major roles in tobacco and marijuana dependence as reinforcers of drug-seeking and

57 and THC that play major roles in tobacco and marijuana dependence: (1) maintenance of high rates of d

58 pairments in offspring of mothers that abuse marijuana during pregnancy.

59 Marijuana exerts profound effects on human social behavi

60 in measured IQ may not be a direct result of marijuana exposure but rather attributable to familial f

61 's hospital, and Colorado's RPC received 163 marijuana exposure cases between January 1, 2009, and De

62 Biologically monitoring marijuana exposure from active and passive use requires

63 Marijuana exposure visits and RPC cases, marijuana sourc

64 iatric disorders, and deleterious effects of marijuana exposure.

65 ren's hospital visits and RPC case rates for marijuana exposures increased between the 2 years prior

66 The median age of RPC marijuana exposures was 2 years (IQR, 1.3-4.0), and 85 p

67 RPC cases from Colorado for single-substance marijuana exposures.

68 ersisted even when adolescents stopped using marijuana for a year.

69 Use of marijuana for chronic pain, neuropathic pain, and spasti

70 regarding patients' perceptions toward using marijuana for glaucoma and their intentions to use this

71 nificantly associated with intentions to use marijuana for glaucoma treatment after controlling for d

72 associated with patients' intentions to use marijuana for glaucoma.

73 ce of treatment costs, and intentions to use marijuana for glaucoma.

74 main outcome was patients' intentions to use marijuana for glaucoma.

75 As legalization of marijuana for medical and recreational use continues, th

76 lationship between US state laws that permit marijuana for medical purposes and adolescent marijuana

77 The effect of legalizing marijuana for recreational use on rates of adolescent ma

78 orts the listing of patients who use medical marijuana for transplant after a period of abstinence.

79 ltimodal relationship across measures in the marijuana group.

80 Marijuana has drawn significant public attention and con

81 armacologically targeting the CB1 receptors, marijuana has preferential access to this neuronal syste

82 C), which is the main bioactive component in marijuana, has also been shown to possess potent anti-in

83 Cannabis sativa, commonly called cannabis or marijuana, has been used for its psychotropic and mind-a

84 Marijuana (hereafter "tetrahydrocannabinol [THC]") use h

85 Moves to legalize marijuana highlight the urgency to investigate effects o

86 Observations: Marijuana in oncology may have potential for use as an a

87 all areas related to the therapeutic use of marijuana in oncology.

88 he urgency to investigate effects of chronic marijuana in the human brain.

89 Laws and attitudes toward marijuana in the United States are becoming more permiss

90 Colorado RPC cases for pediatric marijuana increased significantly and at a higher rate t

91 table to familial factors that underlie both marijuana initiation and low intellectual attainment.

92 gly relevant, including the effects of acute marijuana intoxication on driving abilities, unintention

93 nce were administered at ages 9-12 y, before marijuana involvement, and again at ages 17-20 y.

94 Adolescent use of marijuana is associated with adverse later effects, so t

95 Marijuana is becoming legal in an increasing number of s

96 Marijuana is distinguished from hemp by a nonfunctional

97 Marijuana is one of the most commonly used drugs in the

98 Although marijuana is the most commonly abused illicit drug, the

99 Marijuana is the most widely used illicit drug in the Un

100 Medical marijuana is used to treat a host of indications, a few

101 The rapidly changing sociopolitical marijuana landscape provides a foundation for the therap

102 re prevalent in states that passed a medical marijuana law any time up to 2014 than in other states (

103 overall in states that ever passed a medical marijuana law up to 2014.

104 US adults, and 28 states have passed medical marijuana laws (MML).

105 Twenty-nine states have medical marijuana laws (MMLs) and of these, 8 have recreational

106 aws (MMLs) and of these, 8 have recreational marijuana laws (RMLs).

107 amine the relationship between state medical marijuana laws and adolescent use of marijuana.

108 Medical marijuana laws appear to have contributed to increased p

109 State-level risk factors other than medical marijuana laws could contribute to both marijuana use an

110 rijuana use in states before passing medical marijuana laws did not differ significantly from the ris

111 dence, suggest that passage of state medical marijuana laws does not increase adolescent use of marij

112 or frequency of use, and reanalysing medical marijuana laws for delayed effects or for variation in p

113 tes and the District of Columbia had medical marijuana laws in place.

114 the increases in such risks, and the role of marijuana laws in these increases.

115 onsequences associated with changes in state marijuana laws should receive consideration by health ca

116 er significantly from the risk after medical marijuana laws were passed (adjusted prevalence 16.25% v

117 oth marijuana use and the passage of medical marijuana laws, and such factors warrant investigation.

118 e and the practical implications for medical marijuana laws.

119 rijuana use changed after passage of medical marijuana laws.

120 ers is urgently needed because of increasing marijuana legalisation in multiple jurisdictions, the ef

121 ashington and Colorado prior to recreational marijuana legalization (2010-2012) with postlegalization

122 e health is warranted as more states explore marijuana legalization.

123 They are usually purchased as marijuana-like drugs, marketed as herbal blends and perc

124 ecreases, the mobilization of the endogenous marijuana-like neurotransmitter, anandamide, in the mous

125 Adolescents who regularly use marijuana may be at heightened risk of developing subcli

126 While medical marijuana may help some, cannabis-related health consequ

127 ponent of Cannabis, our study indicates that marijuana may modulate or dysregulate the immune system

128 found at high levels in modern varieties of marijuana--may be detrimental to CB1 signaling, particul

129 The combined use of marijuana more than once per week and other recreational

130 plantation after a period of abstinence from marijuana (n=241, 68.3%).

131 reat or moderate risk to health from smoking marijuana occasionally) and marijuana use (past 30 days)

132 fect size=0.14), and lower past month use of marijuana (odds ratio=0.65) and illegal drugs (odds rati

133 To our knowledge, the effect of recreational marijuana on the pediatric population has not been evalu

134 the effects of increased use and potency of marijuana on water and wastewater treatment processes an

135 f perceiving great risk of harm from smoking marijuana once or twice a week decreased from 50.4% (49.

136 e evidence for the legitimate medical use of marijuana or cannabinoids is limited to a few indication

137 trials had positive results, suggesting that marijuana or cannabinoids may be efficacious for these i

138 nited States that reported alcohol, tobacco, marijuana, or other drug use outcomes.

139 nd 8.7% of female students drove after using marijuana (P < .001), and 51.2% of male and 34.8% of fem

140 ion of great or no risk of harm from smoking marijuana, perception of state legalisation of medical m

141 the most prominent psychoactive compound of marijuana, plays a crucial regulatory role in brain deve

142 Historical shifts are occurring in marijuana policy.

143 dose deaths and the changing legal status of marijuana pose new challenges.

144 lifetime and recent use of alcohol, tobacco, marijuana, prescription medications, and other drugs, as

145 ns of methamphetamine, alcohol, nicotine and marijuana prior to birth and 25 unexposed children.

146 riving abilities, unintentional ingestion of marijuana products by children, the relationship between

147 Known marijuana products involved in the exposure included 30

148 tional marijuana use and authorizing medical marijuana programs, there are renewed clinical and polic

149 mechanisms underlying these phenomena in the marijuana receptor CB1.

150 trial found no effect of the intervention on marijuana-related consequences or driving under the infl

151 The mean rate of marijuana-related visits to the children's hospital incr

152 iosynthesis of the endogenous counterpart of marijuana's psychotropic and appetite-inducing component

153 The data showed that although the number of marijuana samples seized over the last 4 years has decli

154 ant community about whether patients who use marijuana should be eligible for transplant listing, but

155 particularly in people exposed to secondhand marijuana smoke (SHMS).

156 Marijuana smokers had higher levels of testosterone with

157 Regular marijuana smoking more than once per week was associated

158 Marijuana exposure visits and RPC cases, marijuana source and type, clinical effects, scenarios,

159 n perceiving great risk of harm from smoking marijuana suggest the need for education regarding the r

160 legalization had exposures from recreational marijuana, suggesting that legalization did affect the i

161 al target of the psychoactive constituent of marijuana, the partial agonist Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannab

162 vity ranged from 0.82 (CI, 0.76 to 0.87) for marijuana to 0.63 (CI, 0.47 to 0.78) for sedatives; spec

163 icians should educate patients about medical marijuana to ensure that it is used appropriately and th

164 illicit cannabis plant material from regular marijuana to sinsemilla.

165 ts indicated that perceptions of legality of marijuana use (beta, 0.378; 95% CI, 0.205 to 0.444; P <

166 th graders: % [SD], -9.0 [3.8]; P = .02) and marijuana use (eighth graders: % [SD], 5.0 [1.9]; P = .0

167 Perceived harmfulness of marijuana use (great or moderate risk to health from smo

168 coma, past marijuana use, perceptions toward marijuana use (legality, systemic adverse effects, safet

169 se (odds ratio, 4.0; 95% CI, 3.6-4.4), heavy marijuana use (odds ratio, 3.5; 95% CI, 3.2-3.7), and re

170 ars vs none; OR, 9.2; 95% CI, 1.4-59.4), and marijuana use (OR, 4.0; 95% CI, 1.3-12.4).

171 lth from smoking marijuana occasionally) and marijuana use (past 30 days).

172 ences were found in perceived harmfulness or marijuana use among 12th graders in Washington or for an

173 ing number of states legalizing recreational marijuana use and authorizing medical marijuana programs

174 The associations between increases in marijuana use and decreases in perceiving great risk of

175 Past-year marijuana use and DSM-IV marijuana use disorder (abuse o

176 Associations between heavy marijuana use and HIV disease markers or white blood cel

177 compared changes in perceived harmfulness of marijuana use and in past-month marijuana use in Washing

178 Marijuana use and legalization are a pressing issue for

179 known about whether the prevalence rates of marijuana use and marijuana use disorders have changed i

180 Changes in marijuana use and risk perception generally began in 200

181 vide data examining the relationship between marijuana use and semen quality from young men recruited

182 r variables, there is no association between marijuana use and standard volumetric or shape measureme

183 ical marijuana laws could contribute to both marijuana use and the passage of medical marijuana laws,

184 Thus, understanding trends of marijuana use and use disorders and examining factors th

185 each survey year, we estimated prevalence of marijuana use and use disorders, initiation of marijuana

186 recent and/or cumulative history of regular marijuana use and whether these effects were sustained f

187 s sensitivity analyses, including redefining marijuana use as any use in the previous year or frequen

188 education >12 years, and 20% reported heavy marijuana use at >/=50% of biannual visits during follow

189 The second was whether the risk of marijuana use changed after passage of medical marijuana

190 ders in Washington, perceived harmfulness of marijuana use decreased and marijuana use increased foll

191 g eighth and 10th graders, respectively, and marijuana use decreased by 1.3% and 0.9% over the same p

192 Past-year marijuana use and DSM-IV marijuana use disorder (abuse or dependence).

193 However, the prevalence of marijuana use disorder among marijuana users decreased s

194 w exceptions, increases in the prevalence of marijuana use disorder between 2001-2002 and 2012-2013 w

195 Because the risk for marijuana use disorder did not increase among users, the

196 nearly 3 of 10 marijuana users manifested a marijuana use disorder in 2012-2013.

197 e among users, the increase in prevalence of marijuana use disorder is owing to an increase in preval

198 The past-year prevalence of DSM-IV marijuana use disorder was 1.5% (0.08) in 2001-2002 and

199 2012-2013, and there was a large increase in marijuana use disorders during that time.

200 er the prevalence rates of marijuana use and marijuana use disorders have changed in the 21st century

201 However, marijuana use disorders in adults remained stable at abo

202 The study of marijuana use disorders is urgently needed because of in

203 ugh it also may detect tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana use disorders, further refinement is needed be

204 Men who reported daily marijuana use displayed significant lower sperm concentr

205 uana use, as seen in the lower prevalence of marijuana use each year during 2006-14 than in 2002 when

206 ed whether adolescents who engage in regular marijuana use exhibit a systematic increase in subclinic

207 rceived harmfulness or past-month adolescent marijuana use following legalization.

208 be particularly relevant in states in which marijuana use for glaucoma is legal, as in the case of t

209 As more states approve marijuana use for medical indications, physicians will b

210 and concurrent cigarette use, the effect of marijuana use from time 2 to time 3 remained significant

211 arijuana for medical purposes and adolescent marijuana use has been controversial.

212 d gastrointestinal associations with regular marijuana use have also been established.

213 rmly established causality, onset of regular marijuana use in adolescence is associated with later de

214 severity of glaucoma, prior knowledge about marijuana use in glaucoma, past marijuana use, perceptio

215 rrent practice patterns and attitudes toward marijuana use in patients with advanced heart failure be

216 However, the risk of marijuana use in states before passing medical marijuana

217 With rising rates of marijuana use in the general population and an increasin

218 The primary outcome of this analysis was any marijuana use in the previous 30 days.

219 al marijuana use, and mean number of days of marijuana use in the previous year.

220 er states that did not legalize recreational marijuana use in this period.

221 dical community and legislative groups about marijuana use in transplant candidates is needed to ensu

222 ion between the legalization of recreational marijuana use in Washington and Colorado in 2012 and the

223 rmfulness of marijuana use and in past-month marijuana use in Washington and Colorado prior to recrea

224 eighth and 10th graders, respectively, while marijuana use increased 2.0% and 4.1% from 2010-2012 to

225 d harmfulness of marijuana use decreased and marijuana use increased following legalization of recrea

226 Marijuana use increased from 10.4% (95% CI 9.97-10.82) t

227 Prevalence and frequency of marijuana use increased in adults in the USA starting in

228 Heavy marijuana use is a risk factor for CV disease in HIV-inf

229 for recreational use on rates of adolescent marijuana use is a topic of considerable debate.

230 The findings of this study indicate that marijuana use is associated with decreased neural respon

231 Recent research has suggested that marijuana use is associated with volumetric and shape di

232 Our findings are of public interest as marijuana use is common and may be contributing to recen

233 Importance: Medicinal marijuana use is currently legal in 23 states and the Di

234 Although states where marijuana use is legal have higher rates of use than non

235 begins in adolescence, and heavy adolescent marijuana use is often associated with impaired cognitiv

236 Marijuana use is prevalent among persons infected with h

237 Over time, marijuana use may alter anticipatory reward processing i

238 Marijuana use may alter ventral striatal response to rew

239 However, adolescent marijuana use may have measurable, durable, and potentia

240 These results suggest that regular marijuana use may significantly increase the risk that a

241 The prevalence of marijuana use more than doubled between 2001-2002 and 20

242 Questions surrounding the effects of chronic marijuana use on brain structure continue to increase.

243 Effects of marijuana use on cardiovascular (CV) events and other en

244 some studies showing detrimental effects of marijuana use on cognitive functioning and others showin

245 ion in multiple jurisdictions, the effect of marijuana use on future risk of psychiatric disorders, a

246 influence of perceptions of the legality of marijuana use on intentions to use this substance as a t

247 to date, little data exist on the impact of marijuana use on male fertility.

248 is uncertain, further study on the impact of marijuana use on male reproductive health is warranted a

249 search is needed to determine the effects of marijuana use on neural function involved in reward resp

250 viders regarding the negative association of marijuana use on semen quality.

251 The effect of prior regular marijuana use on subsequent subclinical psychotic sympto

252 nth and lifetime diagnoses, the mean days of marijuana use per year were 225.3 (SE=5.7) and 274.2 (SE

253 Long-term heavy marijuana use showed no significant associations with vi

254 of the likelihood of adverse consequences of marijuana use to policy makers, professionals, and the p

255 The past-year prevalence of marijuana use was 4.1% (SE, 0.15) in 2001-2002 and 9.5%

256 Greater marijuana use was associated with later blunted activati

257 The first was whether marijuana use was higher overall in states that ever pas

258 Marijuana use was more prevalent in states that passed a

259 Marijuana use was self-reported at the time of each cogn

260 ent study was to examine the associations of marijuana use with changes in intellectual performance i

261 models were used to test the association of marijuana use with neural response in the NAcc to reward

262 these trends (eg, perceptions of harms from marijuana use) is essential.

263 perception of state legalisation of medical marijuana use, and mean number of days of marijuana use

264 n structures suggested to be associated with marijuana use, as follows: the nucleus accumbens, amygda

265 ere associated with changes in prevalence of marijuana use, as seen in the lower prevalence of mariju

266 ed variations of drug, alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana use, as well as school, prevention, and effect

267 rijuana use and use disorders, initiation of marijuana use, daily or near daily use, perception of gr

268 ng states that did not legalize recreational marijuana use, perceived harmfulness decreased by 4.9% a

269 wledge about marijuana use in glaucoma, past marijuana use, perceptions toward marijuana use (legalit

270 Self-reported past-28-day driving after marijuana use, riding with a marijuana-using driver, dri

271 Self-reported frequency of marijuana use, subclinical psychotic symptoms, and sever

272 be an increase in health problems related to marijuana use, such as dependence/addiction, psychosis,

273 each year adolescent boys engaged in regular marijuana use, their expected level of subsequent subcli

274 tional states that may legalize recreational marijuana use.

275 ic variables, disease severity, and previous marijuana use.

276 red questionnaires that include questions on marijuana use.

277 eased following legalization of recreational marijuana use.

278 evels typically found in the urine of active marijuana users (linear dynamic range of 12.5-800 ng/mL)

279 (DRN), smoking-and-drinking subjects (SAD), marijuana users (MAR), smoking-and-marijuana users (SAM)

280 brain morphology in a sample of adult daily marijuana users (n = 29) versus nonusers (n = 29) and a

281 ts (SAD), marijuana users (MAR), smoking-and-marijuana users (SAM), marijuana-and-drinking users (MAD

282 e prevalence of marijuana use disorder among marijuana users decreased significantly from 2001-2002 (

283 While not all marijuana users experience problems, nearly 3 of 10 mari

284 Marijuana users had lower test scores relative to nonuse

285 na users experience problems, nearly 3 of 10 marijuana users manifested a marijuana use disorder in 2

286 moked more than 20 cigarettes daily, current marijuana users, and those who reported 16 or more lifet

287 loyment outcomes may be poorer among regular marijuana-using adolescents.

288 f female students rode as a passenger with a marijuana-using driver (P = .21).

289 y driving after marijuana use, riding with a marijuana-using driver, driving after alcohol use, and r

290 espondents from states with laws prohibiting marijuana-using patients from being denied transplant li

291 l states have passed legislation prohibiting marijuana-using patients from being denied transplant li

292 nied transplant listing reported denying all marijuana-using patients or mandating abstinence before

293 Among marijuana-using students, 43.9% of male and 8.7% of fema

294 Furthermore, marijuana-using twins failed to show significantly great

295 02 when perceiving risk of harm from smoking marijuana was included in models.

296 The medical literature on medical marijuana was reviewed from 1948 to March 2015 via MEDLI

297 In contrast to marijuana, where Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (Delta(9)

298 iol (CBD) is a non-psychoactive component of marijuana, which has anti-inflammatory effects.

299 re are more than 17 million current users of marijuana with 4.6 million using marijuana almost daily.

300 A total of 45% had smoked marijuana within the last 3 months.