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   1 ynureninyl products as well as betaMet-55 to methionine sulfoxide.                                   
     2 elding both the (R) and (S) diastereomers of methionine sulfoxide.                                   
     3 non-polar methionine to the more hydrophilic methionine sulfoxide.                                   
     4 ected SO band at 1025 cm-1 characteristic of methionine sulfoxide.                                   
     5  of one of the peptides had been oxidized to methionine sulfoxide.                                   
     6 residues are posttranslationally oxidized to methionine sulfoxide.                                   
     7  could not grow, in the presence of H2O2 and methionine sulfoxide.                                   
     8  yeast strain could grow on either form of L-methionine sulfoxide.                                   
     9 eferentially targeted, forming predominantly methionine sulfoxide.                                   
    10 on of surface-exposed methionine residues to methionine sulfoxide.                                   
    11 HypT is activated by methionine oxidation to methionine sulfoxide.                                   
    12 e reaction, oxidizing methionine residues to methionine sulfoxide.                                   
    13 ic oxidation and reduction of methionine and methionine sulfoxide.                                   
    14 thionine and is specific for the S epimer of methionine sulfoxide.                                   
    15 rrelated and also correlated positively with methionine sulfoxide.                                   
    16 ic oxidation and reduction of methionine and methionine sulfoxide.                                   
    17 ndogenous methionines to their corresponding methionine sulfoxides.                                  
    18 ated CaMox, which varies from three to eight methionine sulfoxides.                                  
    19  multiple methionines to their corresponding methionine sulfoxides.                                  
    20 r/MsrA mutant could not grow on a mixture of methionine sulfoxides.                                  
    21 olysis of methionine gives rise primarily to methionine sulfoxide (+16 Da mass shift); this can be fu
    22 ich both methionine residues are oxidized to methionine sulfoxide and a control peptide consisting of
  
  
    25 rew better, had lower free and protein-bound methionine sulfoxide and had a better survival rate unde
  
    27 shed through mass spectrometric detection of methionine sulfoxide and the reactivation of a significa
  
    29 amino acid methionine is readily oxidized to methionine sulfoxide, and its reduction is catalyzed by 
    30  malondialdehyde, protein carbonyls, protein methionine sulfoxide, and oxidized glutathione as well a
    31 on of microcystins containing methionine and methionine sulfoxide, and reveals the oxidation state of
    32 idants react readily with methionine to form methionine sulfoxide, and surface exposed methionine res
    33 n spectroscopy reveals the presence of H2O2, methionine sulfoxide, and tryptophan metabolites; i.e., 
  
  
    36   This suggests that microcystins containing methionine sulfoxide are primarily postextraction oxidat
  
    38 to its facile oxidation via the formation of methionine sulfoxide, as shown by mass spectrometry.    
    39 is demonstrated that oxidation of Met-148 to methionine sulfoxide associated quantitatively with loss
    40  the effects of oxidative damage by reducing methionine sulfoxide back to methionine and recovering p
  
  
  
    44 n be repaired via reduction of the resulting methionine sulfoxides by methionine-S-sulfoxide reductas
    45  susceptible to oxidation, and the resulting methionine sulfoxides can be reduced back to methionines
    46  oxidized proteins and MsrA, which reduces S-methionine sulfoxide, can protect lens cells against oxi
    47 s are particularly sensitive to oxidation to methionine sulfoxide derivatives, these oxidations are r
  
    49 ification of methionine to the corresponding methionine sulfoxide does not predispose CaM to further 
    50 n was through the oxidation of methionine to methionine sulfoxide, established through mass spectrome
    51 ctivate the PM Ca-ATPase results solely from methionine sulfoxide formation and (ii) MsrA can repair 
    52 e roles of MsrB1, -B2 and -B3 which reduce R-methionine sulfoxide have not been established for any m
  
    54 ctional domains of ADAMTS13 were oxidized to methionine sulfoxide in an HOCl concentration-dependent 
  
    56 , except that the myristoylated form reduced methionine sulfoxide in protein much faster than the non
    57 e discuss how the oxidation of methionine to methionine sulfoxide in signalling proteins such as ion 
    58 -Raman Spectroscopy revealed the presence of methionine sulfoxide in the depigmented skin of patients
    59 of Bacillus species were readily oxidized to methionine sulfoxide in vitro by t-butyl hydroperoxide (
    60 hat MsrA is responsible for the reduction of methionine sulfoxide in vivo as well as in vitro in euka
  
  
  
  
    65   The oxidation of methionine in proteins to methionine sulfoxide is implicated in aging as well as i
    66 lysis by reducing agents such as TCEP, while methionine sulfoxide is refractory to reduction by this 
    67 gments of CaMox vary by a factor of 2, where methionine sulfoxides located within hydrophobic sequenc
    68 that oxidation of the Met-35 side chain to a methionine sulfoxide (Met-35(ox)) significantly hinders 
    69 ctase (MsrA; EC ) catalyzes the reduction of methionine sulfoxide (Met-O) in proteins to methionine (
    70 lot in association with a functional loss of methionine sulfoxide (Met-S=O) repair in the entire gray
  
    72 epair enzyme that catalyzes the reduction of methionine sulfoxide [Met(O)] residues in proteins to me
    73 ling, and their reversible oxidation to form methionine sulfoxides [Met(O)] in calmodulin (CaM) and o
  
  
  
  
    78  These latter small peptides are enriched in methionine sulfoxides (MetO), suggesting a preferential 
    79 e oxygen species (ROS) oxidize methionine to methionine sulfoxide (MetSO) and thereby inactivate prot
    80 e oxygen species (ROS) oxidize methionine to methionine sulfoxide (MetSO) and thereby inactivate prot
    81 ve developed a new technique for quantifying methionine sulfoxide (MetSO) in protein to assess levels
  
    83 ies that reduce the S and R stereoisomers of methionine sulfoxide (MetSO), respectively, and together
  
  
    86 tified the major metabolite, 3-nitrotyrosine-methionine-sulfoxide (NSO)-MENK, using liquid chromatogr
    87 mmunosuppressive activity than their reduced methionine sulfoxide peptide forms 4 and 6, respectively
    88 loped a sensitive method of quantitating the methionine sulfoxide present at position 213 (MetSO213) 
    89 r Met(146) in wheat germ calmodulin (CaM) to methionine sulfoxide prevents the CaM-dependent activati
    90  commentary shows that both diastereomers of methionine sulfoxide (R and S) can be repaired in the hu
  
    92 these genes are fused to form a bifunctional methionine sulfoxide reductase (i.e., MsrBA) enzyme.    
    93 enerally accepted, primarily from studies on methionine sulfoxide reductase (Msr) A, that the biologi
  
  
  
    97  Met5 of alphaS are excellent substrates for methionine sulfoxide reductase (Msr), thereby providing 
  
  
  
  
  
  
   104 ty with the carboxyl terminus of the peptide-methionine sulfoxide reductase (MsrA), a repair enzyme, 
  
   106 ted by an unrelated protein known as peptide methionine sulfoxide reductase (MsrA), an antioxidant re
   107 an mutants in cytochrome c peroxidase (ccp), methionine sulfoxide reductase (msrA), or the metal-bind
   108  oxidized alpha/beta-type SASP with peptidyl methionine sulfoxide reductase (MsrA), which can reduce 
  
  
  
  
  
  
   115 ild-type plants and a mutant lacking peptide methionine sulfoxide reductase (pmsr2-1) showed increase
   116 hesin (one UGA) of Mycoplasma pneumoniae and methionine sulfoxide reductase (two UGAs) of Mycoplasma 
   117 thione peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, and methionine sulfoxide reductase 2) are slightly up-regula
   118 cardial CaMKII inhibition, overexpression of methionine sulfoxide reductase A (an enzyme that reduces
  
  
  
  
  
  
   125  that a mutant form of M. genitalium lacking methionine sulfoxide reductase A (MsrA), an antioxidant 
  
   127 n that can be reversed through the action of methionine sulfoxide reductase A (MsrA), which is implic
   128 n-like domain (NT domain) is fused to tandem methionine sulfoxide reductase A and B domains (MsrA/B).
   129 r, we demonstrate almost absent catalase and methionine sulfoxide reductase A and B protein expressio
   130 horesis (CE) method for the determination of methionine sulfoxide reductase A and methionine sulfoxid
  
  
  
   134 have unraveled the redox relay mechanisms of methionine sulfoxide reductase A of the pathogen Coryneb
   135 quinone reductase, glutathione reductase and methionine sulfoxide reductase A proteins were significa
   136 xpressions of only glutathione reductase and methionine sulfoxide reductase A proteins were significa
   137 ecies signaling by targeting the antioxidant methionine sulfoxide reductase A to modulate liposarcoma
   138 dium-restricted transgenic overexpression of methionine sulfoxide reductase A, an enzyme that reduces
   139 dants superoxide dismutase (SOD2), catalase, methionine sulfoxide reductase A, and the 20S proteasome
   140 ysine residues of diverse targets, including methionine sulfoxide reductase A, myosin light chain kin
   141  whereas over-expression of a repair enzyme, methionine sulfoxide reductase A, rendered them resistan
  
   143 ained by uniform selenium deficiency because methionine sulfoxide reductase activities were similar i
   144 tion of methionine sulfoxide reductase A and methionine sulfoxide reductase B activities in mouse liv
  
  
  
   148 ossesses significant homology to the peptide methionine sulfoxide reductase family of enzymes, specif
   149 s of apoA-I and oxidized apoA-I treated with methionine sulfoxide reductase implicate oxidation of sp
  
   151 ding or the repair of oxidized calmodulin by methionine sulfoxide reductase induces comparable change
   152 e pK(a) of the active site cysteine of mouse methionine sulfoxide reductase is 7.2 even in the absenc
   153 of oxidized methionine residues performed by methionine sulfoxide reductase is important for the gast
  
  
   156 ine in proteins involving the enzyme peptide methionine sulfoxide reductase type A (MSRA) is postulat
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   164 nt study on the reducing requirement for the methionine sulfoxide reductases (Msr), we have shown tha
  
  
  
  
   169 s damage is reversible through the action of methionine sulfoxide reductases (MSRs), which play key r
  
  
   172 revisiae as a model, we show that of the two methionine sulfoxide reductases (MXR1, MXR2), deletion o
   173 rx2) and the intracellular and extracellular methionine sulfoxide reductases (SpMsrAB1 and SpMsrAB2, 
   174  (MetO) residues in proteins is catalyzed by methionine sulfoxide reductases A (MSRA) and B (MSRB), w
  
   176 S) can be repaired in the human epidermis by methionine sulfoxide reductases A and B, respectively.  
  
  
  
  
  
   182 activity of plastidial thiol peroxidases and methionine sulfoxide reductases employing a single cyste
  
  
   185 teins or repair oxidized residues, including methionine sulfoxide reductases MsrA and MsrB, which red
   186 sporadically evolved Sec-containing forms of methionine sulfoxide reductases reflect catalytic advant
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   194 rved SelR enzyme family, define a pathway of methionine sulfoxide reduction, reveal a case of converg
  
  
   197 sulfoxide reductase (MsrA), which can reduce methionine sulfoxide residues back to methionine, restor
   198 4.6) is a ubiquitous protein that can reduce methionine sulfoxide residues in proteins as well as in 
   199 fense against oxidative stresses by reducing methionine sulfoxide residues in proteins back to methio
   200  MsrA and MsrB in E. coli are able to reduce methionine sulfoxide residues in proteins to methionines
  
  
   203 24) thiolate, which directly interacted with methionine sulfoxide, resulting in methionine and a Cys(
   204 oxide reductases A and B specifically reduce methionine sulfoxides (S) and (R), respectively, back to
   205  activity and the reduction activity of free methionine sulfoxide(s) were stereoselective toward the 
  
   207 ous substitution by glutamine, mimicking the methionine sulfoxide state, increased the viability of E
   208 ge into methionine, N-glycyl-methionine, and methionine sulfoxide suggests that a prominent solvent e
   209 )H incorporation into the gamma-methylene of methionine sulfoxide that is absent for N-glycyl-methion
  
   211 nonoxidized), and with increasing numbers of methionine sulfoxides the kinetics of fibrillation becam
   212  When this methionine residue is oxidized to methionine sulfoxide, the inactivation is disrupted, and
   213 tein repair each targeting a diastereomer of methionine sulfoxide, their deletion resulted in differe
   214 with methionine residues in proteins to form methionine sulfoxide, thus scavenging the reactive speci
   215 eductase A (MsrA) catalyzes the reduction of methionine sulfoxide to methionine and is specific for t
   216 ethionine sulfoxide reductase, which reduces methionine sulfoxide to methionine in a thioredoxin-depe
   217 Taken together, MSRB3-catalyzed reduction of methionine sulfoxides to methionine is essential for hea
   218 so capable of reducing nicotinamide N-oxide, methionine sulfoxide, trimethylamine-N-oxide, and dimeth
  
   220 rmore, high levels of free and protein-bound methionine sulfoxide were detected in extracts of msrA m
   221  metformin therapy, arginine-derived AGE and methionine sulfoxide were lower than in patients not rec
   222  markers of oxidative stress such as urinary methionine sulfoxide were observed in Hhip (+/-) but not
   223  of a variety of other substrates, including methionine sulfoxide, with decreased efficiencies, sugge
  
   225 air by MsrA, there remains a distribution of methionine sulfoxides within functionally reactivated Ca
  
   227 dary structure, suggesting that MsrA repairs methionine sulfoxides within unfolded sequences until na
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