ライフサイエンスコーパス: middle ear

1 headphones that bypass the ear canal and the middle ear.

2 f frogs to communicate effectively without a middle ear.

3 pact on responses to hypoxia in the inflamed middle ear.

4 e presence of a bacterial biofilm within the middle ear.

5 g/mL of methylprednisolone injected into the middle ear.

6 ocated in the region of the jugular bulb and middle ear.

7 iofilms within the excised material from the middle ear.

8 tympanic bone, which forms the floor of the middle ear.

9 ulates the transmission of sound through the middle ear.

10 e when it invades the bloodstream, lungs, or middle ear.

11 chinchilla nasopharynx and infection of the middle ear.

12 edia, due primarily to the small size of its middle ear.

13 inoculated OFF and remained OFF, within the middle ear.

14 to accumulate support and now extends to the middle ear.

15 ence of a shared neurosensory lineage in the middle ear.

16 ines the structural components of the murine middle ear.

17 transmigration to and persistence within the middle ear.

18 r selection for ON switching of modA2 in the middle ear.

19 n of pneumococci from the nasopharynx to the middle ear.

20 dge, the earliest known definitive mammalian middle ear.

21 g blood (4 of 15), conjunctiva (1 of 14), or middle ear (2 of 21) isolates than among carriage isolat

22 ) products were used to screen a panel of 93 middle ear, 90 blood, 35 carriage, and 58 cerebrospinal

23 tary trough for mandibular attachment of the middle ear-a transitional condition of the predecessors

24 ion of this is the evolution of the tetrapod middle ear, adapted to life on land.

25 media is a common childhood infection of the middle ear and a major cause of morbidity.

26 ring, through inertial forces exerted by the middle ear and cochlear fluid, and that this can be test

27 may increase bacterial transmigration to the middle ear and could thus increase the risk of clinicall

28 impaired clearance of S. pneumoniae from the middle ear and dissemination to the bloodstream during A

29 o test the hypothesis that GAS colonizes the middle ear and establishes itself in localized, three-di

30 disposition in genes like EYA4 that regulate middle ear and eustachian tube anatomy.

31 on through airborne sound that displaces the middle ear and induces a pressure difference across the

32 us carcinomas and basal-cell carcinomas; the middle ear and inner ear can host metastatic deposits, a

33 hindering the clearance of bacteria from the middle ear and leading to sepsis and a high mortality ra

34 6B, 14, and 23F produced colonization of the middle ear and NP.

35 These effects can cause middle ear and sinus injury and lung barotrauma due to l

36 hat compose the structural components of the middle ear and suggests that they act in concert.

37 that evolution of such key characters as the middle ear and the tribosphenic teeth is far more labile

38 ther areas also stimulated by intense noise (middle ear and vestibule) as it was absent in CD1 mice w

39 s roles in PPI in the formation of outer and middle ears and cell-autonomous roles in the OV.

40 troducing the sensing optical fiber into the middle-ear and its aiming at the incus was investigated

41 , and early development of recurrent/chronic middle-ear and sinus disease.

42 or controlling infections in the airways and middle ear, and for maintaining immune homeostasis in mo

43 terized by effusion and tissue damage in the middle ear, and in the TLR2(-/-) mice, the outcome of in

44 lacement, ossified Meckel's cartilage of the middle ear, and specialized xenarthrous articulations of

45 been previously identified in any mammalian middle ear, and the morphology of each auditory bone dif

46 The middle ear apparatus is composed of three endochondrial

47 mesoporous silica materials specifically for middle ear applications.

48 l to clearing pathogenic infections from the middle ear are distributed according to developmental de

49 adulthood; only the rhabdomyosarcomas of the middle ear arise in children.

50 r otitis media pathogens, was visible in the middle ear as late as 12 days after infection.

51 illness and are isolated from up to half of middle ear aspirates from children with acute otitis med

52 from healthy children, and 19 isolates from middle ear aspirates.

53 branchial arch and later in the primordia of middle ear-associated bones, the gonium and tympanic rin

54 Middle ear bacterial titers were monitored daily via in

55 itative longitudinal treatment monitoring of middle-ear biofilms responsible for chronic OM.

56 and neuraminidase genes among 342 carriage, middle ear, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pneumoc

57 tants, PPI failed to outgrow, preventing the middle ear bone condensations from forming.

58 hat clearly illustrates this transition: the middle ear bones are connected to the mandible via an os

59 signaling in patterning the stapes and incus middle ear bones derived from the equivalent pharyngeal

60 and two independent detachment events of the middle ear bones during mammalian evolution.

61 Detachment of the three tiny middle ear bones from the reptilian mandible is an impor

62 rvived to adulthood and had normal outer and middle ears but had the same inner ear defects as the Tb

63 lm formation, growth, and eradication in the middle ear, but also may provide much-needed quantifiabl

64 aging studies was demonstrated in all of the middle ear cavities.

65 Inflammation of the middle ear cavity (otitis media) and the abnormal deposi

66 the RWM niche through a bullaostomy into the middle ear cavity allowing directed delivery of compound

67 Anatomic studies revealed abnormal middle ear cavity and eustachian tube dysmorphology; thu

68 sistent with an accelerated formation of the middle ear cavity and opening of the ear canal.

69 vides the first mouse model for the study of middle ear cavity defects, while also being of direct re

70 s that line the posterior dorsal pole of the middle ear cavity which was previously thought to contai

71 an tube orifice at the ventral region of the middle ear cavity, consisting mostly of a lumen layer of

72 ic deposition of cholesterol crystals in the middle ear cavity, enlarged Eustachian tube, and chronic

73 raniofacial abnormalities, including a small middle ear cavity, short nasal bone, and malformed inter

74 nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae into the middle ear cavity.

75 racterized by the occurrence of fluid in the middle-ear cavity in the absence of any signs of acute e

76 . catarrhalis, including NCIH292 lung cells, middle ear cells, and A549 type II pneumocytes.

77 Furthermore, chinchilla middle ears challenged with the sapA mutant demonstrated

78 ities within the material recovered from the middle ear chamber.

79 mmatory responses within the nasopharynx and middle ear chamber.

80 expression and biofilm formation within the middle-ear chamber and an inverse relationship between P

81 determinant by providing a niche within the middle-ear chamber.

82 stablish computed tomography (CT) staging of middle ear cholesteatoma and assess its impact on the se

83 We established CT staging of middle ear cholesteatoma that helps surgeons to select a

84 secutive patients (mean age 26.8 years) with middle ear cholesteatoma.

85 The understanding of middle ear cilia properties that are critical to OM susc

86 The ADC value of postoperative middle ear cleft cholesteatoma is significantly lower th

87 tion established final diagnosis of abnormal middle ear cleft soft tissue.

88 cell-derived structure that encapsulates all middle ear components, and that defects in these process

89 he lack of certainty regarding diagnosis for middle ear conditions, resulting in many patients being

90 -filled cavity and ossicles of the mammalian middle ear conduct sound to the cochlea.

91 The middle ear conducts sound to the cochlea for hearing.

92 More than 400 pneumococcal carriage, middle ear, conjunctiva, and blood isolates, serotyped a

93 -dimensional finite element model of a human middle ear coupled to the inner ear was formulated.

94 raniosynostosis, other craniofacial defects, middle-ear defects, cleft palate, cleft lip, limb defect

95 Middle ear deficits occurred in 22.3% of patients but, a

96 e the cause of the hearing impairment to the middle ear, demonstrating over-ossification at the round

97 eviews our studies of the effect of monaural middle ear destruction on midbrain auditory response pro

98 Monaural middle ear destruction was performed on juvenile and adu

99 cussed in relation to the effect of monaural middle ear destruction.

100 spect to the molecular mechanisms underlying middle ear development and disease.

101 ral components of the inner ear, its role in middle ear development has been less clear.

102 have retarded craniofacial growth, abnormal middle ear development, and defects in pigmentation.

103 transgenic mice, we show that the mammalian middle ear develops through cavitation of a neural crest

104 APD may be acquired (e.g. through middle ear disease), but it is likely that a more common

105 M supports the hypothesis that these chronic middle-ear disorders are biofilm-related.

106 h planktonic and adherent populations in the middle ear, disruption of mucosal biofilms already resid

107 l mammaliaforms and the definitive mammalian middle ear (DMME) of extant mammals; it reveals complex

108 These include surgical approaches to the middle ear, documentation of the murine middle ear respo

109 ilus influenzae (NTHI) forms biofilms in the middle ear during human infection.

110 f antimicrobial treatment on the duration of middle ear effusion (MEE) and concomitant hearing impair

111 Middle ear effusion disappeared 2.0 weeks (13.7 days) ea

112 of MGAS5005 Deltasrv were isolated from the middle ear effusion, and MGAS5005 Deltasrv was found ran

113 children have been attributed to persistent middle-ear effusion in their early years of life.

114 e years of age, 429 children with persistent middle-ear effusion were randomly assigned to have tympa

115 than three years of age who have persistent middle-ear effusion within the duration of effusion that

116 e healthy young children who have persistent middle-ear effusion, as defined in our study, prompt ins

117 younger than 3 years of age with persistent middle-ear effusion, prompt as compared with delayed ins

118 after birth and evaluated them regularly for middle-ear effusion.

119 days of age and evaluated them regularly for middle-ear effusion.

120 from the nasopharynx of healthy children or middle ear effusions from patients with otitis media, re

121 low-passage NTHi clinical isolates from the middle ear effusions of patients with chronic otitis med

122 in the chinchilla, inducing culture-positive middle ear effusions, whereas pgm and siaB mutants were

123 Gly-Gly peptide-encoding gene in chinchilla middle ear effusions.

124 ET) in infants limits or delays clearance of middle ear effusions.

125 bacteria exist in culture-negative pediatric middle-ear effusions and that experimental infection wit

126 to explain the failure to culture NTHi from middle-ear effusions, recalcitrance to antibiotics and i

127 o and persistence in the planktonic phase in middle-ear effusions.

128 downstream effects on TGFbeta signalling in middle ear epithelia at the time of development of chron

129 sogenic mutants to primary cultures of human middle ear epithelial cells (HMEE), as well as A549 pneu

130 nduced mucin MUC5AC upregulation in cultured middle ear epithelial cells and in the middle ear of mic

131 tion-dependent and -independent mechanism in middle ear epithelial cells.

132 and biomass for biofilms grown on chinchilla middle ear epithelial cells.

133 ternative complement pathway and C3 in mouse middle ear epithelium.

134 omponents of complement are expressed in the middle ear epithelium.

135 surveillance, all OM episodes submitted for middle ear fluid culture in children <3 years from 2004

136 on pneumococcal and overall OM necessitating middle ear fluid culture in children aged <2 years in so

137 le pneumococci from nasopharyngeal swabs and middle ear fluid of Finnish children and demonstrate tha

138 Middle ear fluid shows strong light absorption between 1

139 e investigate the potential for detection of middle ear fluid, which has significant implications for

140 Incidence of OM necessitating middle-ear fluid culture (predominantly complex OM inclu

141 o were diagnosed with OM and had undergone a middle-ear fluid culture.

142 Both strains were recovered from middle ear fluids as long as 14 days postinfection.

143 For example, bacterial counts in middle-ear fluids and the severity of the host inflammat

144 xo11 is expressed in epithelial cells of the middle ears from late embryonic stages through to day 13

145 luding audiograms (0.25 to 12 kHz), tests of middle ear function, and tinnitus.

146 system in 10 adult participants with normal middle ear function.

147 ctural features that are likely critical for middle ear functions and related to OM susceptibility.

148 from different sites of isolation (sputum > middle ear > nasopharynx).

149 rophone for totally implantable cochlear- or middle-ear hearing aids.

150 rnative complement pathways are critical for middle ear immune defense against S. pneumoniae.

151 lar to the stapes superstructure, increasing middle ear impedance and attenuating the intensity of so

152 ges: (i) an eardrum collecting sound, (ii) a middle ear impedance converter, and (iii) a cochlear fre

153 e reduction of this air volume increases the middle ear impedance, resulting in an up to 20 dB gain i

154 mplementary, contribution from hearing aids, middle ear implants, and cochlear implants to achieve a

155 t sapA gene expression is upregulated in the middle ear in a chinchilla model of nontypeable Haemophi

156 the morphological gap between the mandibular middle ear in basal mammaliaforms and the definitive mam

157 ound transmission mechanism of the outer and middle ear in early whales.

158 Contrary to the belief that the middle ear in frogs permanently communicates with the mo

159 lations that shift from OFF to ON within the middle ear induce significantly greater disease severity

160 on ultimately induced a similar magnitude of middle ear infection by both phase variants.

161 Endotoxin derived from bacteria involved in middle ear infection can contribute to the hyperplastic

162 Studies in the chinchilla model of middle ear infection demonstrated that VP1 is a virulenc

163 Because middle ear infection is highly prevalent in children, mi

164 fluenza A virus exacerbation of experimental middle ear infection is independent of the pneumococcal

165 ed a significant attenuation in a chinchilla middle ear infection model and a minor attenuation in a

166 te immunity, this disease is prolonged after middle ear infection with nontypeable Haemophilus influe

167 Haemophilus influenzae, a major pathogen of middle ear infection, and upregulate a monocyte-attracti

168 r infection is highly prevalent in children, middle ear infection-induced inner ear inflammation can

169 to understand the molecular pathogenesis of middle ear infection-induced inner ear inflammation.

170 an OM isolate is required during chinchilla middle ear infection.

171 ry of proinflammatory molecules derived from middle ear infection.

172 ability to cause both nasal colonization and middle ear infection.

173 Otitis media (OM), a middle-ear infection, is the most common childhood illne

174 ing loss that is not explained by concurrent middle ear infections is another characteristic of CMV-r

175 portant in animal models of colonization and middle ear infections.

176 an form biofilms during human and chinchilla middle ear infections.

177 ostinfection inhibited MUC5AC expression and middle ear inflammation induced by S. pneumoniae and red

178 Although chronic middle ear inflammation is believed to cause inner ear d

179 uppurative otitis media (CSOM) refers to the middle ear inflammation which is clinically characterize

180 tant in the transition from acute to chronic middle ear inflammation, and a potential molecular targe

181 f inner ear dysfunction secondary to chronic middle ear inflammation.

182 m response (ABR) thresholds during and after middle ear infusion of salicylate in artificial perilymp

183 OM pathogen components or cytokines from the middle ear into the inner ear, the underlying mechanisms

184 demonstrate that effective cavitation of the middle ear is intimately linked to growth of the auditor

185 Otitis media (OM), inflammation of the middle ear, is the most common cause of hearing impairme

186 Otitis media (OM), the inflammation of the middle ear, is the most common disease and cause for sur

187 us agalactiae protein, was present in 31% of middle ear isolates and occurred 3.6 (95% CI, 1.2 to 11.

188 f Brucella melitensis, occurred among 41% of middle ear isolates and was found 2.8 (95% confidence in

189 (95% CI, 1.2 to 5.5) times more often among middle ear isolates than carriage, blood, or meningitis

190 o identify genes found more frequently among middle ear isolates.

191 0.0398) among NTHi throat isolates than NTHi middle ear isolates.

192 e disease and represent approximately 60% of middle-ear isolates in children younger than age 2 years

193 both S. pneumoniae serotype 6A and 14 in the middle ear lavage fluid samples from Bf/C2(-/)(-), Bf(-)

194 Activation of factor B and C3 in the middle ear lavage fluids was significantly greater than

195 production of inflammatory mediators in the middle ear lavage samples from Bf/C2(-/)(-) mice.

196 There was no evidence of a middle ear lesion, nor was there a Schwartz sign.

197 arynx and to elicit severe infections of the middle ears, lungs, and blood that are associated with h

198 ecreased significantly (P = .0006) among the middle ear/mastoid isolates (2011, 50% [74/149]; 2012, 4

199 lus influenzae (NTHi) bacteria in an ex vivo middle ear (ME) aspirate from the chinchilla model of ex

200 The middle ear (ME) contents were then harvested, amplified

201 lineate the role of CCL3 in OM, we evaluated middle ear (ME) responses of ccl3(-/-)mice to nontypeabl

202 630 or 710, and 1,400 Hz) to detect abnormal middle-ear mechanics, and hearing was screened at 20 dB

203 The middle ears (MEs) of wild-type (WT) and MyD88(-/-) mice

204 elson interferometer, designed to serve as a middle-ear microphone for totally implantable cochlear-

205 Hyperplasia of the middle ear mucosa contributes to the sequelae of acute o

206 influences the hyperplastic response of the middle ear mucosa during bacterial otitis media.

207 to be confirmed with in vivo analyses of the middle ear mucosa during otitis media.

208 companied by a significant thickening of the middle ear mucosa lining, expansion of mucin-secreting g

209 We assessed the activation of p38 in the middle ear mucosa of an in vivo rat bacterial otitis med

210 ms of pathogenic bacteria are present on the middle ear mucosa of children with chronic otitis media

211 been found to be greatly up-regulated in the middle ear mucosa of human patients with OM.

212 that phosphorylation of JNK isoforms in the middle ear mucosa preceded but paralleled mucosal hyperp

213 ized biofilms in the nasopharynx, lungs, and middle ear mucosa.

214 DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS: Middle-ear mucosa (MEM) biopsy specimens were obtained f

215 In an in vitro model of primary rat middle ear mucosal explants, bacterially induced mucosal

216 se (JNK) mitogen-activated protein kinase in middle ear mucosal hyperplasia in animal models of bacte

217 were assessed using an in vitro model of rat middle ear mucosal hyperplasia in which mucosal growth i

218 cal biofilm formation and persistence on the middle ear mucosal surface.

219 The middle ear muscle (MEM) reflex is one of two major desce

220 Middle ear muscle contractions restrain the motion of th

221 The middle ear muscle reflex has been implicated in modulati

222 function was characterized by the absence of middle ear muscle reflexes, distortion product otoacoust

223 There are two middle ear muscles (MEMs): the stapedius and the tensor

224 The tensor tympani is one of two middle ear muscles that regulates the transmission of so

225 e acoustic thresholds for contraction of the middle ear muscles, which may be a reflection of underly

226 This transitional mammalian middle ear narrows the morphological gap between the man

227 y trajectories, functional properties of the middle ear of AMHs and Neandertals are largely similar.

228 tured middle ear epithelial cells and in the middle ear of mice.

229 y to survive in both the nasopharynx and the middle ear of the chinchilla.

230 uced bacterial infection was observed in the middle ear of the Junbo mouse model when NTHi was devoid

231 nactivated Streptococcus pneumoniae into the middle ears of BALB/c mice resulted in a significant inf

232 h NT H. influenzae strains isolated from the middle ears of children with otitis media but that are n

233 hin the nasopharynges, eustachian tubes, and middle ears of chinchillas after intranasal and transbul

234 To test this hypothesis, the middle ears of chinchillas were infected with either a s

235 ydrate biosynthesis were inoculated into the middle ears of chinchillas.

236 Biofilms were macroscopically visible in the middle ears of euthanized animals infected with NTHi 86-

237 of large, macroscopic structures within the middle ears of MGAS5005- and MGAS5005 Deltasrv-infected

238 d artery, but may also be located within the middle ear or in the abdomen.

239 ctively collected pneumococcal isolates from middle ear or mastoid cultures from children from 2011 t

240 The diminutive middle ear ossicles (malleus, incus, stapes) housed in t

241 The middle ear ossicles are only rarely preserved in fossil

242 rates, the bones homologous to the mammalian middle ear ossicles compose the proximal jaw bones that

243 scle contractions restrain the motion of the middle ear ossicles, attenuating the transmission of low

244 cial event in the evolution of the mammalian middle ear ossicles.

245 n the transition of the proximal jawbones to middle ear ossicles.

246 estigation of acoustical response of sheep's middle-ear ossicles.

247 , detailed and objective diagnosis of common middle ear pathological conditions.

248 uncharacterized combination of interrelated middle ear pathologies and suggest Rpl38 deficiency as a

249 for diagnosis of external auditory canal and middle ear pathologies for over a century.

250 In middle ear pathologies, the inability to avail high-reso

251 phy (HRCT) and MRI are helpful in evaluating middle ear pathologies, usage being indication specific.

252 opment of a medical otoscope for determining middle ear pathologies.

253 Despite its widespread prevalence, middle ear pathology, especially the development of prol

254 ed include patients undergoing intracranial, middle ear, posterior eye, intramedullary spine, and pos

255 nfection administration of rolipram into the middle ear potently inhibited S. pneumoniae-induced MUC5

256 She had normal bilateral middle ear pressure at tympanometry.

257 s of transfer of sound through the outer and middle ear prior to the calculation of an excitation pat

258 of mucosal biofilms already resident within middle ears prior to immunization and rapid resolution o

259 histories and no significant noise exposure, middle-ear problems, or major surgeries.

260 Middle ear prostheses are used to restore the sound tran

261 us silica coating was established on ceramic middle ear prostheses, which then served as a base for f

262 the middle ear, documentation of the murine middle ear response to various pathogens and inflammator

263 ired bacterial persistence in the chinchilla middle ear, similar to our previous results with luxS mu

264 d after direct electrical stimulation in the middle ear space, indicating that non-specific stimulati

265 ia when these bacteria form a biofilm in the middle ear space.

266 A duplication variant within the middle ear-specific gene A2ML1 cosegregates with otitis

267 Subsequently, the relative prevalence of the middle ear-specific gene regions among a large panel of

268 ubtraction of the S. pneumoniae serogroup 19 middle ear strain 5093 against the laboratory strain R6.

269 The genome of NT H. influenzae middle ear strain G622 was subtracted from that of NT H.

270 and the resultant gene regions unique to the middle ear strain were identified.

271 mR) were significantly more prevalent in the middle ear strains (96%, 100%, 100%, and 97%, respective

272 hxuA, hxuB, hxuC, hemR, and hup) between 514 middle ear strains from children with AOM and 235 throat

273 CI, 1.1 to 3.0) times more frequently among middle ear strains than carriage, blood, or meningitis s

274 dentify additional genetic regions unique to middle ear strains.

275 Interestingly, middle ear structures are enlarged and malformed in a ma

276 and must have evolved independently from the middle ear structures of monotremes and therian mammals.

277 of SWIR light allows better visualization of middle ear structures through the tympanic membrane, inc

278 ofilms in vitro as well as in the chinchilla middle ear, suggesting that biofilm formation in vivo mi

279 Middle ear surgery leads to a high incidence of postoper

280 62; P<0.0001), suggesting a possible role in middle ear survival and/or acute otitis media.

281 sease-causing NTHI strains isolated from the middle ear than in colonizing NTHI strains and H. haemol

282 enes were significantly more prevalent among middle ear than throat isolates, while hia did not segre

283 charide extensions were more prevalent among middle ear than throat strains.

284 tremely common pediatric inflammation of the middle ear that often causes pain and diminishes hearing

285 ealed ultrastructural damage to the cilia in middle ears that exhibited OM.

286 the congenital abnormality of both outer and middle ears, these mice were hearing impaired.

287 of cilia in the epithelium of the mammalian middle ear, thus illustrating novel structural features

288 The mouse homologue, Fndc1, is expressed in middle ear tissue and its expression is upregulated upon

289 te this proliferative lesion from uninvolved middle ear tissue based on the characteristic autofluore

290 Most anurans possess a tympanic middle ear (TME) that transmits sound waves to the inner

291 nging techniques to noninvasively assess the middle ear to detect and quantify biofilm microstructure

292 modifications were introduced to the assumed middle-ear transfer function and to the way that specifi

293 nt, otitis media, fusions of ossicles to the middle ear wall, and deformed stapes.

294 pharyngeal pouch (PPI) in forming outer and middle ears, we tissue-specifically inactivated the gene

295 ay alter bacterial transmigration toward the middle ear, where it could have clinically relevant impl

296 ctor in bacterial growth and survival in the middle ear, where nutrients such as histidine may be fou

297 st Streptococcus pneumoniae infection in the middle ear, wild-type (WT; C57BL/6) and TLR2-deficient (

298 terpreted to be for gliding and a mandibular middle ear with a unique character combination previousl

299 clinical findings as the gold standard, all middle ears with chronic OM showed evidence of biofilms,

300 mallest terrestrial tetrapods, which lacks a middle ear yet produces acoustic signals.