ライフサイエンスコーパス: morphogen

1 controlled by the duration of exposure to a morphogen.

2 restricted distribution of a lipid-modified morphogen.

3 on in the fraction of receptors bound to the morphogen.

4 reading a precisely distributed gradient of morphogen.

5 ng center of the forebrain by producing FGF8 morphogen.

6 of cell-signaling pathways triggered by the morphogens.

7 mall RNAs are reminiscent of those of animal morphogens.

8 Gli transcription factors (Gli) by hedgehog morphogens.

9 t mechanisms are used to interpret different morphogens.

10 t and interpretation have been suggested for morphogens.

11 by regulating the movement and signaling of morphogens.

12 the rate of diffusion of well-characterized morphogens.

13 ent by mediating the action of Hedgehog (Hh) morphogens.

14 f hESCs by altering the cellular response to morphogens.

15 sses and have become paradigms for classical morphogens.

16 ding cell fate determination are provided by morphogens.

17 sed: one is position-dependent and relies on morphogen accumulation at future organ sites; the other

18 As a central model for morphogen action during animal development, the bone mor

19 atory property critical for interpreting Shh morphogen action in the mammalian neural tube.

20 , much of this diversity emerges through the morphogen actions of Sonic hedgehog (Shh).

21 pmental programme providing a buffer for SHH morphogen activity and this ensures that five digits for

22 eta molecule and well-established long-range morphogen, acts over one cell diameter to maintain the G

23 de results in the formation of the essential morphogen all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA).

24 Retinoic acid is an embryonic morphogen and dietary factor that demonstrates chemother

25 of experimental data suggests that chemical morphogen and mechanical processes are strongly coupled.

26 enetically encoded program in which secreted morphogens and cell-cell interactions prompt the adoptio

27 oncentration leads to the more production of morphogens and increases the growth rate of cells.

28 otein, or YAP) acts downstream of patterning morphogens and other tissue-intrinsic signals to promote

29 distinguish mobile small RNAs from classical morphogens and present a unique direct mechanism through

30 arization and proliferation are regulated by morphogens and signaling pathways.

31 A complex regulatory network of morphogens and transcription factors is essential for no

32 P and by earlier reports on the spreading of morphogens and vesicles in multicellular organisms.

33 both a spatially-graded distribution of the morphogen, and an ability to encode different responses

34 Secreted Wnt morphogens are essential for embryogenesis and homeostas

35 One mechanism by which morphogens are proposed to traverse extracellular space

36 Morphogens are signaling factors that direct cell fate a

37 ing growth factor family members that act as morphogens, are sufficient to induce molecular and cellu

38 nt5a, a member of the Wnt family of secreted morphogens, as an essential factor in maintaining dendri

39 Typical analysis of morphogens assumes that spatial information is decoded i

40 stems, we were unable to correlate the plant morphogen auxin with bud positioning in Sargassum, nor c

41 titative imaging to unravel how tissue-level morphogen behavior arises from subcellular events.

42 Here, we investigate the role of morphogenes bolA and mreB during CCA using gene expressi

43 The crystal structure of a Wnt morphogen bound to its Frizzled receptor ectodomain prov

44 r standard culture conditions BMP4 acts as a morphogen but this requires secondary signals and partic

45 ression domains across fields of cells (e.g. morphogens), but how these domains are refined remains u

46 between diffusion and advection of paracrine morphogens can act as a probe for the cells to sense the

47 and/or orthogonal gradients of developmental morphogens can be maintained, resulting in neural tube p

48 s, the reaction and diffusion of biochemical morphogens, can create these patterns.

49 models where readout is provided not by the morphogen concentration but by its spatial and temporal

50 t of spatial and temporal derivatives of the morphogen concentration can play important roles in defi

51 Morphogen concentration gradients that extend across dev

52 Positional information derived from local morphogen concentration plays an important role in patte

53 n steady state by measuring the value of the morphogen concentration.

54 ven smaller errors than directly reading the morphogen concentration.

55 body content of thyroid hormone (the primary morphogen controlling metamorphosis) and corticosterone

56 How morphogens convey positional information in a developing

57 between diffusion and advection of paracrine morphogens could explain the dependency of the cell diff

58 lar signal transduction of growth factor and morphogen cues (which have critical roles in regulating

59 old systems with spatiotemporally controlled morphogen cues to develop precise morphogen fields to di

60 flow viscosity, flow chamber dimensions, and morphogen decay rate.

61 ducing and -receiving cells to enable direct morphogen delivery.

62 A key question is how morphogen diffusion and gene expression regulation shape

63 t signaling could be due to local changes in morphogen diffusion, representing a novel mechanism in t

64 human haematopoietic stem cells, we perform morphogen-directed differentiation of human pluripotent

65 During development, the Hh morphogen directs tissue patterning according to a conce

66 How morphogens disperse from a localized source and how grad

67 lized signalling filopodia, or cytonemes, in morphogen dispersion and signalling.

68 r signaling and normal development, and that morphogen distribution and signaling can be contact-depe

69 Recent measurements of morphogen distribution have allowed us to subject this h

70 The strongest support for the view that morphogens do not simply spread by free diffusion has co

71 early Drosophila embryo, measurements of the morphogen Dorsal, which is a transcription factor respon

72 ponses provide a solution, how extracellular morphogens drive such mechanisms remains poorly understo

73 Our combined approach of morphogen-driven differentiation and transcription-facto

74 ce of dynamical transients for understanding morphogen-driven transcriptional networks and indicates

75 FGFs and Wnts are important morphogens during midbrain development, but their import

76 shape oscillations with tissue mechanics and morphogen dynamics.

77 Wnt proteins are morphogens encoded by 19 mammalian genes that play essen

78 the local concentration but also duration of morphogen exposure is critical for correct cell fate dec

79 ce complex movements, which may affect their morphogen exposure, specification, and positioning.

80 y signaling centers, specialized clusters of morphogen-expressing cells.

81 m cell fate preceded subsequent increases in morphogen expression associated with differentiation.

82 tivation inhibits expression of the critical morphogen FGF-10.

83 vance in scaffold design to generate precise morphogen fields that can be used to develop in situ mod

84 controlled morphogen cues to develop precise morphogen fields to direct mesenchymal stem cell differe

85 However, this system resulted in diffuse morphogen fields, as assessed by the in vitro imaging of

86 wn to be affected by many parameters such as morphogens, flow rate, medium viscosity, and shear stres

87 development appears normal, suggesting that morphogens from the skull and dura establish optimal ven

88 Vegf-Dll4/Notch feedback loop underlies the morphogen function of Vegfa in vascular patterning.

89 Notch shaping the interpretation of the Shh morphogen gradient and influencing cell fate determinati

90 Recent studies of the Drosophila morphogen gradient Bicoid (Bcd), which is required for a

91 hanism whereby Sulf1 activity shapes the Shh morphogen gradient by promoting ventral accumulation of

92 The Dpp morphogen gradient derived from the anterior stripe of c

93 induction of Notch ligands by the LIN-3/EGF morphogen gradient during vulva induction in Caenorhabdi

94 or interpreting experimental observations of morphogen gradient dynamics.

95 e latter half of larval development, the Dpp morphogen gradient emanating from the anterior-posterior

96 resolve a major, longstanding question about morphogen gradient formation and provide a solid framewo

97 mental importance of diffusion for embryonic morphogen gradient formation in the early Drosophila mel

98 omeostasis including growth factor function, morphogen gradient formation, and co-receptor activity.

99 jor themes of discussion at the meeting: (1) morphogen gradient formation; (2) morphogen gradient int

100 But how the Nodal morphogen gradient forms in vivo remains unclear.

101 To determine how the Nodal morphogen gradient induces distinct gene expression patt

102 egulation reveal how a kinase translates the morphogen gradient input into cellular orientation.

103 eting: (1) morphogen gradient formation; (2) morphogen gradient interpretation; (3) signaling network

104 We use the interpretation of a morphogen gradient into a single stripe of gene expressi

105 Interpreting a morphogen gradient into a single stripe of gene-expressi

106 The translation of a morphogen gradient into discrete spatial domains relies

107 have focused on compensatory changes in the morphogen gradient itself.

108 ional information coordinately from a single morphogen gradient located in Brachet's cleft.

109 The Drosophila morphogen gradient of Bicoid (Bcd) initiates anterior-po

110 A morphogen gradient of Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) s

111 Thus, the Dorsal morphogen gradient produces three distinct histone signa

112 Thus, growth control by the Dpp morphogen gradient remains under debate.

113 mation of a bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) morphogen gradient requires transport of a heterodimer o

114 ise can reveal important insights into how a morphogen gradient system works.

115 thods to analyze the Drosophila Bicoid (Bcd) morphogen gradient system.

116 etation of the zygotic Decapentaplegic (Dpp) morphogen gradient that patterns the embryonic dorsal-ve

117 ces differences in patterning time along the morphogen gradient that result in a patterning wave prop

118 model, the scaling power of the Bicoid (Bcd) morphogen gradient's amplitude nA.

119 l distribution of a signaling molecule, or a morphogen gradient, has been hypothesized to carry posit

120 cell midpoint using such a negatively acting morphogen gradient, set up by the Min system, which is t

121 BMPs would cooperate to establish a unified morphogen gradient.

122 ble 3-node network for stripe formation in a morphogen gradient.

123 integrating spatial information along the RA morphogen gradient.

124 nism required for proper implementation of a morphogen gradient.

125 s a paradigm for patterning through a single morphogen gradient.

126 oduce pattern scaling without the need for a morphogen gradient.

127 and destruction collectively shape the Nodal morphogen gradient.

128 ded by extracellular soluble factors such as morphogen gradients and cell contact signals, eventually

129 The Fat/Hippo pathway responds to morphogen gradients and influences the in-plane polariza

130 roportions are first established by opposing morphogen gradients and subsequently controlled by domai

131 ompting studies into the signaling pathways, morphogen gradients and transcription factors that regul

132 Morphogen gradients are used in developing embryos, wher

133 mechanism by which spatiotemporal changes in morphogen gradients can guide tissue complexity.

134 Morphogen gradients direct the spatial patterning of dev

135 on the formation and interpretation of such morphogen gradients during development.

136 Morphogen gradients expose cells to different signal con

137 of the available data support the idea that morphogen gradients form by diffusion that is hindered b

138 How morphogen gradients govern the pattern of gene expressio

139 Soluble morphogen gradients have long been studied in the contex

140 proach might be useful to study induction by morphogen gradients in other systems.

141 Morphogen gradients induce sharply defined domains of ge

142 the discovery of mechanisms that can convert morphogen gradients into tissue borders.

143 et the quantitative information contained in morphogen gradients is an open question.

144 However, extracellular morphogen gradients of endogenous proteins have not been

145 Morphogen gradients provide essential spatial informatio

146 titative interrogations of the properties of morphogen gradients that instruct patterning.

147 t temporal responses is also present because morphogen gradients typically provide temporal cues, whi

148 The recent EMBO Workshop on 'Morphogen gradients', which took place in Oxford, UK in

149 helial GREM1 disrupts homeostatic intestinal morphogen gradients, altering cell fate that is normally

150 oreover, data from several systems show that morphogen gradients, downstream signaling, and the activ

151 They help form and maintain morphogen gradients, guiding cell migration and differen

152 of expression and diversify the response to morphogen gradients.

153 post-mitotic MNs, temporally downstream from morphogen gradients.

154 ate neural tube is patterned by antiparallel morphogen gradients.

155 ssues under instruction of inductive signal (morphogen) gradients, which specify distinct cell fates

156 , gradients of secreted signalling molecules-morphogens-guide this process by controlling downstream

157 ese results put conceptual limits on the Bcd morphogen hypothesis and demonstrate how the Bcd gradien

158 a small molecule kinase inhibitor) into each morphogen in an opposing spatial pattern as the respecti

159 single cell fate, contrary to its role as a morphogen in other developmental systems.

160 y is required to upregulate INHBA/Activin, a morphogen in the TGFbeta superfamily.

161 ed as a paradigm to characterize the role of morphogens in regulating patterning.

162 unexpected and novel role for tissue-derived morphogens in the regulation of fluid immune responses,

163 gnaling expression gradient, equivalent to a morphogen, in an array of interconnected compartments at

164 ta) pathway has the potential to behave as a morphogen: in vitro experiments established that it can

165 h that combines quantitative measurements of morphogen-induced gene expression at single-mRNA resolut

166 edicts that the final boundary position of a morphogen-induced toggle switch, although robust to chan

167 In the vertebrate neural tube, a morphogen-induced transcriptional network produces multi

168 mbryo development where spatial gradients of morphogens initiate cellular development.

169 d a characteristic decoding map that relates morphogen input to the positional identity of neural pro

170 the transmission of information from primary morphogen inputs to the output of the gap gene network.

171 These results highlight a strategy for morphogen interpretation in which the tight temporal con

172 Our findings reveal that morphogen interpretation is an emergent property of the

173 Instead, morphogen interpretation is shaped by the kinetics of ta

174 Hedgehog (Hh) is a secreted morphogen involved in both short- and long-range signali

175 l-trans-retinoic acid (atRA) is an important morphogen involved in many developmental processes, incl

176 PCSK6 activates Nodal, a morphogen involved in regulating left-right body axis de

177 easurement of the temporal change in the Shh morphogen is a plausible mechanism for determining preci

178 reviously we demonstrated that Hedgehog (Hh) morphogen is transported via vesicles along cytonemes em

179 r gradient formation, but the carrier of the morphogen is yet to be defined.

180 tivity of secreted signaling proteins called morphogens is required for many developmental processes.

181 leal mucosal dynamics as well as a series of morphogen knock-out/inhibition experiments, SEGMEnT prov

182 ransmembrane complexes that responds to both morphogen level and gradient.

183 The stiffness gradient requires morphogen-like signaling to regulate BM incorporation, a

184 In the classic picture of morphogen-mediated patterning, cells acquire the correct

185 e collocation of binding sites for SoxB1 and morphogen-mediatory transcription factors in CRMs faithf

186 e SHH/GREM1/FGF feedback loop and the Growth/Morphogen models.

187 liest stages of development when patterns of morphogen molecules emerge reproducibly [4, 5].

188 The morphogen Nodal was proposed to form a long-range signal

189 we analyze these transport models using the morphogens Nodal, fibroblast growth factor and Decapenta

190 Major developmental morphogens of the Hedgehog (Hh) family act at short rang

191 his mechanism, the differential effects of a morphogen on its target genes can depend on their differ

192 and laser treatment was used to activate the morphogen on-demand and to induce dentin differentiation

193 function as an antenna for the detection of morphogens or growth factors.

194 nic development through stepwise exposure to morphogens, or by conversion of one differentiated cell

195 identifying the long-elusive stalk-inducing morphogen, our work also identifies a role for c-di-GMP

196 ociated with a self-activator-self-inhibitor morphogen pair.

197 The CXCR4 chemokine and Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) morphogen pathways are well-validated therapeutic target

198 brate neural tube are archetypal examples of morphogen-patterned tissues that create precise spatial

199 that are likely to be broadly applicable to morphogen-patterned tissues.

200 incorporating a simple feedback loop between morphogen patterning and tissue stretch reproduces a wid

201 Finally, we compare different hypothetical morphogen patterning mechanisms (Turing, tissue-curvatur

202 The conventional explanation for how a morphogen patterns a tissue holds that cells interpret d

203 ited, impeding our ability to understand how morphogen patterns regulate tissue shape.

204 Nodal morphogens play critical roles in embryonic axis formati

205 Hedgehog (Hh) morphogens play fundamental roles during embryogenesis a

206 the described contact sites might facilitate morphogen presentation and reception.

207 sitive and negative interactions between the morphogens produce regular patterns without the requirem

208 -drives-growth" model, in which a diffusible morphogen produced at each notch promotes specified isot

209 kinase, and provides new insight into how Hh morphogen progressively activates Smo.

210 Bone morphogen proteins (BMPs) are distributed along a dorsal

211 Secreted signals, known as morphogens, provide the positional information that orga

212 Hedgehog (Hh) proteins act as secreted morphogens, providing concentration-dependent positional

213 rovide an important molecular link between a morphogen (RA) and the expression of KIT protein, which

214 WASH complex component strumpellin or the ER morphogen REEP1.

215 How thresholds in HH morphogen regulate SMO to promote switch-like transcript

216 Morphogens regulate tissue patterning through their dist

217 ork to explain the temporospatial pattern of morphogen-regulated gene expression.

218 and we propose that RTN, like other membrane morphogens, rely on APHs for their function.

219 en cells temporally integrate signals from a morphogen remains unclear.

220 late cyclase, DgcA, produces c-di-GMP as the morphogen responsible for stalk cell differentiation.

221 ll arose from the evolutionary cooption of a morphogen-responsive function in wound repair.

222 a model, Tissue Expansion-Modulated Maternal Morphogen Scaling (TEM(3)S), to study scaled anterior-po

223 rsion of the advection-diffusion-reaction of morphogens secreted by the cells within a flow chamber.

224 However, morphogen secretion and spreading are not passive proces

225 ow these inputs are interpreted, we measured morphogen signaling and target gene expression in mouse

226 ng of tissues in embryos and adults, but how morphogen signaling gradients are generated in tissues r

227 CIPF explicitly links graded morphogen signaling in the telencephalon to switch-like

228 Morphogen signaling is critical for the growth and patte

229 (hESCs) in vitro Systematic investigation of morphogen signaling is hampered by the difficulty of dis

230 Decapentaplegic (Dpp), a Drosophila morphogen signaling protein, transfers directly at synap

231 the signaling mechanisms that disperse these morphogen signaling proteins remain controversial.

232 e that the neural-specific interpretation of morphogen signaling reflects a direct integration of the

233 inally, to demonstrate temporal control over morphogen signaling, latent TGF-beta1 was incorporated i

234 ield distinct, spatially segregated zones of morphogen signaling.

235 ions in the competence of cells to interpret morphogen signaling.

236 eveal mechanisms for scaffold regulation and morphogen signaling.

237 This is often achieved using morphogens, signaling molecules that form spatially vary

238 ing establishment and maintenance of BMP/Dpp morphogen signalling during Drosophila wing development.

239 Our data propose a novel mechanism by which morphogen signalling is regulated.

240 time-specific and reversible manipulation of morphogen signalling.

241 ered genes that modify the interpretation of morphogen signals by regulating protein-trafficking even

242 e reiterative deployment of a small cadre of morphogen signals underlies patterning and growth of mos

243 The morphogen Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) controls the generation o

244 In the vertebrate neural tube, the morphogen Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) establishes a characteris

245 The morphogen Sonic hedgehog (Shh) holds great promise for r

246 neural tube in response to a gradient of the morphogen Sonic hedgehog (SHH) in the chick and zebra fi

247 of Blood, Yao and colleagues report that the morphogen sonic hedgehog (Shh) is driven by platelet-der

248 Here, we use the morphogen Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) to induce the in vitro or

249 ion in the CNS is controlled by the secreted morphogen sonic hedgehog (Shh).

250 domain of mid1 expression, controlled by the morphogen Sonic hedgehog (Shh).

251 brate forebrain development via the secreted morphogen Sonic hedgehog (Shh).

252 a patterning wave propagating away from the morphogen source with a velocity determined by the intri

253 ults illustrate how the direct modulation of morphogen sources can generate a wide array of unique mo

254 Morphogens specify complementary expression patterns of

255 hedgehog (Shh) expression, which encodes the morphogen specifying digit pattern across the antero-pos

256 hoices are regulated by interactions between morphogens such as activin/nodal, BMPs and Wnt/beta-cate

257 proteoglycans that modulate the activity of morphogens such as Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) and bone morphog

258 nized around a coordinate system provided by morphogens such as the TGF-beta homolog Decapentaplegic

259 m (medial patterning center), which produces morphogens such as Wnt3a, generates Cajal-Retzius neuron

260 Spatial distributions of morphogens, such as BMP-4, play important roles in the p

261 odic modulation of the concentrations of the morphogens, sustained by local activation and long-range

262 are affected coordinately by the Chordin-BMP morphogen system.

263 the implications of these findings for other morphogen systems in which complex transport mechanisms

264 pmental responses to BMP gradients and other morphogen systems.

265 Here we demonstrate a negative role of the morphogen TGF-beta in tempering these signals under phys

266 receive higher concentration of Vegf and Hh morphogens than the lateral angioblasts.

267 Wnt3 is a morphogen that activates the Wnt signaling pathway and r

268 ecapentaplegic has long been thought to be a morphogen that controls patterning and growth in Drosoph

269 Fibroblast growth factor 8 (FGF8) is a morphogen that disperses from a rostromedial source in t

270 ssion of genes activated by Dorsal (Dl), the morphogen that patterns the dorsoventral axis.

271 dly, we identified wingless (wg), a secreted morphogen that regulates synaptic growth at the Drosophi

272 limb is dependent on Sonic hedgehog (Shh), a morphogen that regulates the activity of Gli transcripti

273 Dpp, a member of the BMP family, is a morphogen that specifies positional information in Droso

274 genetic proteins (BMPs) are highly conserved morphogens that are essential for normal development.

275 f neural progenitors to Shh and BMP, the two morphogens that are responsible for patterning the ventr

276 roteins are cysteine-rich and lipid-modified morphogens that bind to the Frizzled (FZD) receptor and

277 ts of extracellular metabolites act as tumor morphogens that impose order within the microenvironment

278 Hedgehog proteins are secreted morphogens that play critical roles in development and d

279 Wnts are lipid-modified morphogens that play critical roles in development princ

280 or neural stem cells with growth factors and morphogens that recapitulate exogenous developmental sig

281 genetic proteins 4 and 7 (BMP4 and BMP7) are morphogens that signal as either homodimers or heterodim

282 is no strict correspondence between specific morphogen thresholds and boundary positions.

283 is and homeostasis by capture and release of morphogens through mechanisms largely thought to exclude

284 MuSK interacts with the Wnt morphogens, through its Frizzled-like domain (cysteine-r

285 The BMP ligand Dpp, operates as a long range morphogen to control many important functions during Dro

286 ides in vivo evidence that PGE2 may act as a morphogen to regulate cell-fate decisions and outgrowth

287 example of long-range effects is binding of morphogens to cell surface receptors, which initiates a

288 that the BMPs act as concentration-dependent morphogens to direct IN identity, analogous to the manne

289 ibuted in gradients subsequently function as morphogens to subdivide the three germ layers into disti

290 n opposing spatial pattern as the respective morphogen, to design a five-layer scaffold that was pred

291 al structure, and sets the platform on which morphogens, transcription programs, and synaptic activit

292 surements have provided evidence for various morphogen transport models ranging from passive mechanis

293 etic studies support cytoneme involvement in morphogen transport, mechanistic insight into how they a

294 The graded distribution of morphogens underlies many of the tissue patterns that fo

295 ial mechanisms, including direct transfer of morphogens via membrane-bounded entities, such as argoso

296 behind the furrow produce and secrete the Hh morphogen, which is captured by cells within the furrow

297 rential equation model that postulates three morphogens, which we identify with specific molecules in

298 in-growing thalamic axons, which secrete the morphogen Wingless-related MMTV (mouse mammary tumor vir

299 cadherins Fat and Dachsous, organized by the morphogens Wingless and Decapentaplegic, suppress Warts

300 e regulation that combines the activity of a morphogen with the transcriptional network it controls.

301 ssue differentiation were noted within these morphogen zones.