ライフサイエンスコーパス: multinucleate

1 , whereas 8.7 +/- 1.0% of control cells were multinucleated, 62.4 +/- 8.8% of the NMHC II-B RNAi-trea

2 .8% of the NMHC II-B RNAi-treated cells were multinucleated 72 h after transfection.

3 ell density than wild type cells, tend to be multinucleate, accumulate normal levels of mass and prot

4 n these microfluidic eddies, where they form multinucleate aggregates and accumulate foci of the HDA-

5 point toward the involvement of KRP6 in the multinucleate and acytokinetic state of giant cells.

6 the lab, P. mirabilis cells become long and multinucleate and increase their number of flagella as t

7 In addition to illuminating multinucleate and multigenomic lifestyles, the adaptatio

8 In both AIA and CIA, multinucleated and cathepsin K-positive osteoclasts firs

9 Skeletal muscle contains long multinucleated and contractile structures known as muscl

10 duction of distal fine processes, and become multinucleated and hypertrophic.

11 tic constructs exhibit aligned architecture, multinucleated and striated myofibers, and a Pax7(+) cel

12 macrophages/monocytes based on the number of multinucleated and tartrate-resistant alkaline phosphata

13 ngi (Glomeromycota) reproduce asexually, are multinucleate, and have high genetic variation within si

14 matic polyploid cells can be mononucleate or multinucleate, and the replicated sister chromatids can

15 All osteoclasts (cathepsin K-positive, multinucleated, attached to bone) and osteoclast precurs

16 which then leads to the facile formation of multinucleate bone-resorbing giant cells.

17 ssed at these sites, where they fuse to form multinucleated bone-resorbing cells.

18 were enlarged, poikilocytic, and frequently multinucleated, but were able to sustain life despite ex

19 ell cycle, whereas other nuclei, in the same multinucleate cell, cycle normally, accumulating and deg

20 llular host tissues into a single contiguous multinucleate cell.

21 rporates as many as 200 cells into one large multinucleated cell.

22 division without cytokinesis, resulting in a multinucleated cell.

23 embryo lethality, morphological defects, or multinucleate cells [2, 3].

24 AprA may thus decrease the number of multinucleate cells and increase spore production.

25 These multinucleate cells are remarkable in that nuclei cycle

26 Multinucleate cells arose through aberrant division of b

27 Wee1 homolog Swe1 prevents the formation of multinucleate cells by restraining M phase CDK activity

28 h wild type, there is a higher percentage of multinucleate cells in the aprA- population, and when st

29 The multinucleate cells resembled the syncytia caused by phy

30 fects, including the formation of elongated, multinucleate cells, failure to maintain the cytokinetic

31 causes an increased number of binucleate and multinucleate cells, suggesting that the kinase activity

32 Using a cell fusion approach to generate multinucleate cells, we investigate the effects of check

33 s highly clustered in the cytoplasm of large multinucleate cells.

34 ut retract prior to completion, resulting in multinucleate cells.

35 ncomplete cell division and the formation of multinucleate cells.

36 ergillus nidulans, whose mycelium is made of multinucleate cells.

37 RNA interference (RNAi) efficiently induced multinucleate cells.

38 and duplicate their nuclei, generating large multinucleate cells.

39 als, mandibles and tibiae were isolated, and multinucleated cells (MNCs) were measured.

40 exhibited an increase in both the number of multinucleated cells and cells with swollen flagellar po

41 this study revealed the presence of abnormal multinucleated cells and increased apoptotic cells withi

42 Its failure leads to multinucleated cells and is a possible cause of tumorige

43 tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive multinucleated cells and measuring the expression of ost

44 nhibition of Aurora B by hesperadin produced multinucleated cells and reduced H3S10 phosphorylation.

45 Multinucleated cells are found in diverse contexts and i

46 lonogenic outgrowth, and high percentages of multinucleated cells are found in vivo in remnants of PA

47 Multinucleated cells are important in many organisms, bu

48 Multinucleated cells are relatively resistant to classic

49 lure in mitotic exit, with the appearance of multinucleated cells as a consequence.

50 tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive multinucleated cells at sites of bone erosion.

51 confirmed by immunofluorescence staining on multinucleated cells at the bone surface of inflamed mou

52 indle-shaped cells, as well as flat adherent multinucleated cells capable of spontaneous contractions

53 ure of HPCs manifested by an accumulation of multinucleated cells caused by failed abscission of the

54 Giant multinucleated cells containing nuclei attached by const

55 PARP-inhibitor-induced multinucleated cells fail clonogenic outgrowth, and high

56 eventual degeneration with the formation of multinucleated cells following Cx43 overexpression due t

57 with occasional pseudonuclear inclusion and multinucleated cells in a partly myxoid matrix.

58 tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive multinucleated cells in both cell types.

59 The formation of fused multinucleated cells in ganglia might be associated with

60 nesis was assessed by counting TRAP-positive multinucleated cells in PB CD14+ monocytes cultured with

61 osophila larval skeletal muscles are single, multinucleated cells of different sizes that undergo tre

62 tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive multinucleated cells or resorption pits were observed in

63 Other subcellular effects observed included multinucleated cells seen after RNAi to either pgant2 or

64 are not optimized for capturing very large, multinucleated cells such as myotubes.

65 Some multinucleated cells such as those in muscles arise from

66 Myofibers are multinucleated cells that are formed, repaired and maint

67 leost Sternopygus macrurus, electrocytes are multinucleated cells that do not contract yet retain exp

68 cell fusion to form the fully differentiated multinucleated cells that mediate bone resorption.

69 a 40% growth decrease and the appearance of multinucleated cells that result from defective cytokine

70 ty of the population emerges from mitosis as multinucleated cells that subsequently undergo cell deat

71 sis and remarkably, elicits the formation of multinucleated cells that then arrest or die by mitotic

72 ell death was the appearance of enlarged and multinucleated cells that was related to the inhibition

73 Multinucleated cells were characterized as striated musc

74 RANKL immunolabeling and fewer TRAP-positive multinucleated cells were observed in the EA-treated gro

75 matrix are all promoted by myosin-II, and so multinucleated cells with distended membranes--typical o

76 pletion generates supernumerary centrosomes, multinucleated cells, and multipolar spindle formation.

77 g, resulting in cell flattening, senescence, multinucleated cells, decreased S-phase progression, dim

78 dges, micronuclei, centrosome amplification, multinucleated cells, gradual accumulation of DNA damage

79 mitotic phase with the formation of abnormal multinucleated cells, indicating that this compound affe

80 sion led to a highly significant increase of multinucleated cells, nuclear volume, and 3D telomeric a

81 ates that included death, fusion that formed multinucleated cells, or another round of mitosis with n

82 -zoster virus (VZV) characteristically forms multinucleated cells, or syncytia, during the infection

83 Cs to overexpress NS decreases senescent and multinucleated cells, restores morphology, and antagoniz

84 nockdown of I-2 by RNA interference produced multinucleated cells, with supernumerary centrosomes, mu

85 f cell membranes are overcome and cells form multinucleated cells.

86 mononuclear preosteoclasts fuse to generate multinucleated cells.

87 n of GEFs in the morphological maturation of multinucleated cells.

88 s, resulting in the accumulation of enlarged multinucleated cells.

89 rounds of endoreduplication and resulting in multinucleated cells.

90 ved cell cycle regulators directs mitosis in multinucleated cells.

91 T in HeLa cells resulted in the formation of multinucleated cells.

92 pensable for psychosine-induced formation of multinucleated cells.

93 and Mat89Bb RNAi in HeLa cells gives rise to multinucleated cells.

94 aa3 expression peaked prior to appearance of multinucleated cells.

95 rs abscission and increases the incidence of multinucleated cells.

96 o undergo proper cytokinesis and resulted in multinucleated cells.

97 nd pleiotropic tendencies largely made up of multinucleated cells.

98 onstrated specific expression of the gene in multinucleate cellular masses and layers at the materno-

99 Multinucleate cellular syncytial formation is a hallmark

100 ophyte in the unfertilized ovule, leading to multinucleate central cells at high frequency.

101 of lethality was less than the frequency of multinucleate central cells, indicating that these aspec

102 an enzymatic electrode, due to the use of a multinucleated complex of manganese with mu-oxo units, w

103 ny formation, invasion, and development of a multinucleated dendritic-like phenotype.

104 epletion causes centrosome amplification and multinucleate division, but replication stress indirectl

105 rich medium on an agar surface, they become multinucleate, elongate, synthesize large numbers of fla

106 grin-linked kinase (ILK) caused formation of multinucleate epidermal cells within the Drosophila larv

107 Syncytiotrophoblast is the multinucleated epithelium of the placenta.

108 a cells, consistent with appearance of large multinucleated erythroblasts in CDA III patients.

109 erythropoiesis characterized by increased bi/multinucleated erythroid precursors in the bone marrow.

110 Some blood cells are polyploid and multinucleate, exhibiting signs of genomic instability.

111 erodera glycines) induces the formation of a multinucleated feeding site, or syncytium, whose etiolog

112 y endoparasites that induce the formation of multinucleated feeding structures termed syncytia in the

113 nogaster embryo for fusion of myoblasts into multinucleate fibers.

114 bundant in muscles undergoing fusion to form multinucleated fibers and that enforced expression of GR

115 myogenic progenitors were specified to form multinucleated fibers that enabled development of quiesc

116 We propose that the multinucleated filament creates an environmental niche w

117 Moreover, in multinucleated fission yeast cells, Neumann and Nurse (s

118 acrophages from Xid mice also failed to form multinucleated foreign body giant cells.

119 al demonstrated an intimate association with multinucleated foreign body-type giant cells.

120 We use a dynactin mutant strain of the multinucleate fungus Ashbya gossypii with highly cluster

121 in naturally occurring syncytia, such as the multinucleate fungus Ashbya gossypii.

122 We examined ploidy in a naturally multinucleate fungus, Ashbya gossypii.

123 ro to certain phthalate plasticizers exhibit multinucleated germ cell (MNG) induction and suppressed

124 ine), maternal hepatotoxicity, and increased multinucleated germ cells (MNGs) in fetal testes without

125 Our results showed that a foreign body multinucleate giant cell-type reaction was present in al

126 is their ability to induce the formation of multinucleate giant cells (MNGCs) in multiple cell types

127 es developed granulomatous inflammation with multinucleate giant cells, accompanied by increased accu

128 ores develop granulomatous inflammation with multinucleate giant cells, accompanied by increased accu

129 ated implants contained significantly higher multinucleated giant cell (MNGC) density compared to NT,

130 nt did not exhibit signs of cytopathology or multinucleated giant cell (MNGC) formation, which were o

131 ically, I-PGCG was associated with: 1) lower multinucleated giant cell count (P = 0.04); 2) lower den

132 ntercellular signaling mechanisms modulating multinucleated giant cell formation and function are nec

133 targets for the modulation and inhibition of multinucleated giant cell formation and function.

134 g HIV-1 replication, macrophage biology, and multinucleated giant cell formation are incompletely und

135 173Q mutation enhanced viral replication and multinucleated giant cell formation upon infection of rh

136 inding, evidence of actin-based motility and multinucleated giant cell formation were observed betwee

137 miR-7a-1 functions to regulate IL-4-directed multinucleated giant cell formation.

138 he tssE mutants lacked the ability to induce multinucleated giant cell formation.

139 precursors, other cell types can generate a multinucleated giant cell phenotype with bone resorbing

140 The function of osteoclasts (OCs), multinucleated giant cells (MGCs) of the monocytic linea

141 ental macrophages spontaneously matured into multinucleated giant cells (MGCs), a property not exhibi

142 xtensive emperipolesis of lymphocytes within multinucleated giant cells (MGCs), MGC death, and fibrin

143 ame time promoting macrophage fusion to form multinucleated giant cells (MNG).

144 is is the formation of granulomas containing multinucleated giant cells (MNGCs) and cell death.

145 host cell and to stimulate the formation of multinucleated giant cells (MNGCs).

146 stimulated to limitless differentiation into multinucleated giant cells and provide useful suggestion

147 parenchymal, noncaseating granulomas lacking multinucleated giant cells and, in 1 patient, CD68-posit

148 We found that multinucleated giant cells are formed in the inflamed mo

149 Abnormal multinucleated giant cells are present in the bone marro

150 r macrophages that comprise SIVE lesions and multinucleated giant cells are present in the CNS early,

151 ons with numerous SIV-p28(+) macrophages and multinucleated giant cells had fewer MAC387(+) monocytes

152 accumulation of eosinophilic macrophages and multinucleated giant cells in the lung.

153 RAW 264.7 macrophages and was unable to form multinucleated giant cells in this cell line.

154 Cellular fusion of macrophages into multinucleated giant cells is a distinguishing feature o

155 acrophage fusion leading to the formation of multinucleated giant cells remains unclear.

156 fficiently degrade mineralized tissue, these multinucleated giant cells secrete acid into a resorptio

157 Mature osteoclasts are multinucleated giant cells that are generated from the f

158 BI2536-treated LNCaP-AI cells formed multinucleated giant cells that contain clusters of nucl

159 from the seminiferous tubules, forming large multinucleated giant cells that underwent apoptosis.

160 The percentage of multinucleated giant cells was lower in brain-injured pa

161 ed microglia in SIV encephalitis lesions and multinucleated giant cells were also CD163 positive.

162 s, parenchymal microglia are infected as are multinucleated giant cells when present.

163 On the remaining surface, multinucleated giant cells with varying intensity of tar

164 granulomatous inflammation characterized by multinucleated giant cells, some of which displayed elas

165 s, confer hyperfusogenicity on HSV and cause multinucleated giant cells, termed syncytia.

166 ogy, with disrupted seminiferous epithelium, multinucleated giant cells, uncleared apoptotic germ cel

167 onocytes that transform into macrophages and multinucleated giant cells.

168 d, to a lesser extent, epithelioid cells and multinucleated giant cells.

169 e formation and function of various types of multinucleated giant cells.

170 d fusion of macrophages and the formation of multinucleated giant cells.

171 ted the cells ability to form TRAP positive, multinucleated giant cells.

172 d clearance of amyloid by macrophage-derived multinucleated giant cells.

173 Endothelial syncytia, comprised of multinucleated giant-endothelial cells, are frequently f

174 Osteoclasts are multinucleated, giant cells of hematopoietic origin form

175 redominantly undifferentiated), induction of multinucleated gonocytes (MNGs), and aggregation of diff

176 organs showed congestions, aggregations and multinucleated hepatocytes in the liver, infiltration of

177 ween nuclei within the common cytoplasm of a multinucleate heterokaryon.

178 rmal progenitor cells after fusion in stable multinucleate heterokaryons.

179 These include a front of large, multinucleate leader cells, trailed by follower cells th

180 asmic domains, resulting in the formation of multinucleate microspores.

181 Cpd A prevents cytokinesis, resulting in multinucleated, multiflagellated cells that eventually l

182 dhesion and fusion between myoblasts to form multinucleate muscle fibers, have been conserved in the

183 f proliferating progeny from differentiated, multinucleated muscle cells by first inducing and subseq

184 essary at multiple steps in the formation of multinucleated muscle cells.

185 es apoptosis of a subset of myonuclei within multinucleated muscle fibers.

186 ation and fusion ability and ultimately form multinucleated "myoballs" rather than maintain elongated

187 toplasmic puncta at the nuclear periphery in multinucleated myoblasts, and that this change in locali

188 ndependent mechanism) the formation of large multinucleate myofibers.

189 ealed an identical phenotype: replacement of multinucleated myofibers by groups of single, myosin-exp

190 Fusion of individual myoblasts to form multinucleated myofibers constitutes a widely conserved

191 The formation of multinucleated myofibers is essential for the growth of

192 erved process that leads to the formation of multinucleated myofibers, syncytiotrophoblasts and osteo

193 ell as their differentiation and fusion into multinucleated myofibers, which are greatly reduced in m

194 n occurs through fusion of myoblasts to form multinucleated myofibers.

195 es fusion of mononucleated myoblasts to form multinucleated myofibers.

196 traction of highly specialized, postmitotic, multinucleated myofibers.

197 l muscle development, myoblasts fuse to form multinucleated myofibers.

198 t of skeletal muscle in all metazoans is the multinucleate myofibre, within which individual nuclei a

199 from the fusion of precursor myoblasts into multinucleated myofibres.

200 Multinucleated myotube differentiation was inhibited by

201 Formation of multinucleate myotubes by SMN-deficient muscle cells is

202 d to show the expected increase in fusion to multinucleate myotubes.

203 s that arise from the fusion of myoblasts to multinucleate myotubes.

204 also found in the cytoplasm of post-mitotic multinucleated myotubes and adult human skeletal myofibe

205 s stimulated fusion into post-differentiated multinucleated myotubes and the appearance of skeletal a

206 Multinucleated myotubes develop by the sequential fusion

207 hich arise from the fusion of myoblasts into multinucleated myotubes during myogenesis.

208 protein required for myoblast fusion to form multinucleated myotubes in mouse, chick, and zebrafish.

209 fferentiated myotubes, it induced fission of multinucleated myotubes into mononucleated fragments.

210 Myoblast fusion into multinucleated myotubes is a crucial step in skeletal mu

211 S proteinases contribute to the formation of multinucleated myotubes such as is necessary for both sk

212 During myogenesis, myoblasts fuse into multinucleated myotubes that acquire the contractile fib

213 Here we used primary chicken and duck multinucleated myotubes to examine their susceptibility

214 Conversely, myogenic differentiation into multinucleated myotubes was decreased when Pitx2 or Pitx

215 es fusion of mononuclear progenitors to form multinucleated myotubes, a critical but poorly understoo

216 d that their steady-state levels increase in multinucleated myotubes, suggesting a global increase in

217 ration requires the fusion of myoblasts into multinucleated myotubes.

218 the time when myoblasts were fusing to form multinucleated myotubes.

219 atic myoblasts prior to their fusion to form multinucleated myotubes.

220 dysferlin expression is increased in mature, multinucleated myotubes.

221 myogenesis as individual myoblasts fuse into multinucleated myotubes.

222 he fusion of mononucleated myoblasts to form multinucleated myotubes.

223 ficant differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts to multinucleated myotubes.

224 -fast twitch, myogenin, and the formation of multinucleated myotubes.

225 taining and differentiated successfully into multinucleated myotubes.

226 ry for the proper repair and regeneration of multinucleated myotubes.

227 muscle cells that differentiate into fused, multinucleated myotubes.

228 oles of Notch1 in mononucleated myocytes and multinucleated myotubes.

229 and 66+/-2% MD2 expression in differentiated multinucleated myotubes.

230 ciently drives myogenic differentiation into multinucleated myotubes.

231 with cytokinesis defects attributed to CIT, multinucleated neurons were observed throughout the cere

232 uber-like lesions containing cytomegalic and multinucleated neurons with abnormal dendritic trees res

233 The microcapsules were multinucleated, not very water-soluble or hygroscopic an

234 arrow monocytes (BMMs) to differentiate into multinucleated OCLs in response to exogenously supplied

235 the fusion of OC precursors and formation of multinucleated OCs and decreases bone matrix resorption.

236 equired for RANKL-induced formation of giant multinucleated OCs by up-regulating the expression of nu

237 t subset of cells that appeared to be either multinucleate or possessed multi-lobed nuclei that are n

238 ved macrophages (BMM), the formation of both multinucleated osteoclast and MNG induced by RANKL or IL

239 BMMs from MCP-1(-/-) mice showed decreased multinucleated osteoclast formation compared with WT mic

240 rived conditioned medium stimulated in vitro multinucleated osteoclast formation.

241 This correlated with fewer multinucleated osteoclast-like cells and more trabecular

242 factor-kappaB ligand, and the appearance of multinucleated osteoclast-like cells in the MPS bone mar

243 id phosphatase staining was used to identify multinucleated osteoclast-like cells.

244 , which increased their differentiation into multinucleated osteoclast-like cells.

245 n myeloma is characterized by an increase in multinucleate osteoclasts in close proximity to tumor ce

246 Fusion is required for the formation of multinucleated osteoclasts and giant cells, although the

247 orm sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), in mature multinucleated osteoclasts as compared with preosteoclas

248 ntaining mature osteoblasts and formation of multinucleated osteoclasts in response to BMP-2.

249 ings that Darc-antibody blocked formation of multinucleated osteoclasts in vitro and that Darc from C

250 lls substantially inhibited the formation of multinucleated osteoclasts in vitro.

251 was correlated to the increased activity of multinucleated osteoclasts on the distal side of the mol

252 IL1 showed significantly fewer TRAP-positive multinucleated osteoclasts than EP and EP-Saline (P <0.0

253 gand (RANKL), these precursors formed large, multinucleated osteoclasts that expressed tartrate-resis

254 Bone-resorbing multinucleated osteoclasts that play a central role in t

255 KL) resulted in a robust formation of large, multinucleated osteoclasts which generated sealing zones

256 artrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive) multinucleated osteoclasts, and the osteoclasts were sma

257 NAs and proteins and impaired fusion to form multinucleated osteoclasts, defects secondary to diminis

258 ow that, while homozygous c-Fos mice have no multinucleated osteoclasts, heterozygous mice have a red

259 nsition from mononucleated preosteoclasts to multinucleated osteoclasts.

260 tment with CID755673 and restore fusion into multinucleated osteoclasts.

261 did not completely differentiate into mature multinucleated osteoclasts.

262 at Nf1(+/-) mice contain elevated numbers of multinucleated osteoclasts.

263 nificantly increased during the formation of multinucleated osteoclasts.

264 letion of the NF90/NF45 complex results in a multinucleated phenotype.

265 nable to bind filamin-A failed to induce the multinucleated phenotype.

266 in the absence of cytokinesis, resulting in multinucleated, polyploidy cells.

267 Muscle fibres are multinucleated post-mitotic cells that can change dramat

268 ble cross-over homologous recombination, but multinucleated R. oryzae could not be forced to segregat

269 rvived longer after mitotic arrest, becoming multinucleated rather than dying directly from mitotic a

270 Multinucleated Reed-Sternberg (RS) cells are pathognomon

271 enlarged cardiac myocytes, some of which are multinucleated, reflecting a defect in cytokinesis.

272 ased cell shedding and the presence of large multinucleated RPE cells, suggesting defects in intercel

273 pletion of CPG-1/CEJ-1 and CPG-2 resulted in multinucleated single-cell embryos.

274 Multinucleated skeletal muscle fibers form through the f

275 Myoblast fusion to form multinucleated skeletal muscle myotubes is a well studie

276 otic null germ cells with many misshapen and multinucleated spermatids, and no spermatozoa are detect

277 nuclei and reproduce clonally through large multinucleated spores.

278 oth aneuploidy and polyploidy can arise from multinucleate states after failed cytokinesis or cell fu

279 The fusion of myoblasts into multinucleate syncytia plays a fundamental role in muscl

280 in cell membrane breakdown and formation of multinucleate syncytia.

281 A subset of infected cells formed multinucleated syncytia through HIV envelope-dependent c

282 neous fusion of infected cells to form large multinucleated syncytia.

283 ng individual CMV glycoproteins did not form multinucleated syncytia.

284 ell interstitial pneumonitis, accompanied by multinucleated syncytial cells, edema, and bronchiolitis

285 totrophoblasts (CT) ends in formation of the multinucleated syncytiotrophoblast representing the feta

286 subsequently fuse, and differentiate to form multinucleated syncytiotrophoblast with induction of aro

287 hoblasts, including the transcriptome of the multinucleated syncytiotrophoblast.

288 their differentiation potential from TGCs to multinucleated syncytiotropholasts (SynTs) and blocks ox

289 ial layer (YSL) in the zebrafish embryo is a multinucleated syncytium essential for embryo developmen

290 Skeletal muscle is a multinucleated syncytium that develops and is maintained

291 filamentous fungus, Neurospora crassa, is a multinucleate system used to elucidate molecular mechani

292 r activator of NF-kappaB ligand formation of multinucleated tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP

293 The number of multinucleated tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-posit

294 y promote preosteoclast cell fusion, forming multinucleated tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-posit

295 s and an increase in the formation of giant, multinucleated TRAP(+) cells capable of F-actin ring for

296 ar bone loss and reduced the total number of multinucleated TRAP+ cells in mice that received ligatur

297 expressing osteoblasts and reduced number of multinucleated TRAP-expressing osteoclasts.

298 e-marrow precursors that differentiated into multinucleated TRAP-positive cells in the presence of EP

299 MW-E-overexpressing cells are binucleated or multinucleated with amplified centrosomes, whereas EL-ov

300 sors (cathepsin K-positive, mononucleated or multinucleated, within synovial tissue) were also positi