ライフサイエンスコーパス: murein

1 g that the amidases help to split the septal murein.

2 D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate, to form new murein.

3 Unlike the periplasmic murein amidases, AmiD did not participate in cell separa

4 Destruction of the murein and bursting of the cell are immediate sequelae.

5 wall murein degradation products for de novo murein and lipopolysaccharide synthesis.

6 ansfer, to form the carbohydrate backbone of murein, and transpeptidation, to form the interstrand pe

7 The amino sugars of the murein are also efficiently recycled.

8 The final steps in the maturation of murein are catalyzed by a single, bifunctional enzyme, k

9 formation of cell wall, also referred to as murein, are catalyzed by high-molecular-weight, class A

10 itical for suppression, while the C-terminal murein-binding domain is dispensable.

11 ructured linker, and a C-terminal, globular, murein-binding SPOR domain.

12 NAM for the efficient feedback regulation of murein biosynthesis and by priming the PEP molecule for

13 CS may mediate membrane integrity as well as murein biosynthesis and virulence factor expression in S

14 omultimeric complex involving MraY and other murein biosynthesis enzymes.

15 and the three preceding steps of cytoplasmic murein biosynthesis, MurC, -D, and -E,, raise the prospe

16 li by inhibiting MraY, a conserved enzyme of murein biosynthesis.

17 MurA, the catalyst of the committed step of murein biosynthesis.

18 e that catalyses the first committed step of murein biosynthesis.

19 e and S. pneumoniae, indicative of a role in murein biosynthesis.

20 codes an extracellular protein that mediates murein biosynthesis.

21 In the cytosol, this complex contains both murein biosynthetic enzymes and morphogenetic proteins,

22 the organization of several other cytosolic murein biosynthetic enzymes such as MraY, MurB, MurC, Mu

23 gest that EnvC plays a direct role in septal murein cleavage to allow outer membrane constriction and

24 B and C) are periplasmic enzymes that remove murein cross-links by cleaving the peptide moiety from N

25 ned through site-directed mutagenesis of the murein D-alanyl-D-alanine-adding enzyme from Escherichia

26 meshwork of the PG, thus coupling fusion to murein degradation by the phage endolysin.

27 the N-acetylglucosamine present in cell wall murein degradation products for de novo murein and lipop

28 ing to activation of secreted endolysins and murein degradation.

29 The addition of cross-linked murein, disaccharides linked to interconnected wall pept

30 is the number of disaccharides added to the murein for every internal cleavage event.

31 ecycle the amino sugar moieties of cell wall murein has remained unanswered.

32 We show that bacteriophage N4 encodes a murein hydrolase (gp61) that is essential for N4 plaque-

33 Zymographic and quantitative analyses of murein hydrolase activity also revealed that disruption

34 nd lrgAB operons have been shown to regulate murein hydrolase activity and affect antibiotic toleranc

35 ous operons that have been shown to regulate murein hydrolase activity and affect sensitivity to peni

36 The cid operon enhances murein hydrolase activity and antibiotic sensitivity, wh

37 The cid gene products enhance murein hydrolase activity and antibiotic tolerance where

38 d demonstrate that these operons, as well as murein hydrolase activity and antibiotic tolerance, are

39 operons have previously been shown to affect murein hydrolase activity and antibiotic tolerance.

40 ytSR two-component regulatory system affects murein hydrolase activity and autolysis.

41 Due to the growing link between murein hydrolase activity and biofilm maturation, autoly

42 hown to play a key role in the regulation of murein hydrolase activity and cell death in a manner tho

43 e wild-type gene restored expression of this murein hydrolase activity and cell separation levels to

44 of the B. anthracis cid and lrg homologues, murein hydrolase activity and cell viability in stationa

45 Staphylococcus aureus lrgAB operon inhibits murein hydrolase activity and decreases sensitivity to p

46 ence of 35 mM glucose and that this enhances murein hydrolase activity and decreases tolerance to van

47 was recently shown to inhibit extracellular murein hydrolase activity and increase tolerance to peni

48 om that of lrgAB by increasing extracellular murein hydrolase activity and increasing sensitivity to

49 Cid proteins enhance murein hydrolase activity and penicillin sensitivity, wh

50 ologous proteins that regulate extracellular murein hydrolase activity and penicillin tolerance in a

51 teins that are involved in the regulation of murein hydrolase activity and penicillin tolerance.

52 -regulated operon, designated lrgAB, affects murein hydrolase activity and penicillin tolerance.

53 ysis in S. aureus by affecting the intrinsic murein hydrolase activity associated with the cell.

54 was also shown to have a positive impact on murein hydrolase activity but a negligible effect on sen

55 er resistance to lysis is due to a defect in murein hydrolase activity by using a zymogram analysis.

56 cidA gene results in decreased extracellular murein hydrolase activity compared to that of S. aureus

57 rgAB mutant produced increased extracellular murein hydrolase activity compared to that of the wild-t

58 sarV gene results in decreased extracellular murein hydrolase activity compared to that of wild-type

59 lts in significantly decreased extracellular murein hydrolase activity compared with that of the pare

60 Penicillin-induced killing and murein hydrolase activity in Staphylococcus aureus are d

61 r, neither mutation had a dramatic effect on murein hydrolase activity or autolysis.

62 , respectively, that function to control the murein hydrolase activity produced by the bacteria.

63 n of cidABC expression resulted in increased murein hydrolase activity produced by these cells.

64 increased autolysis and an altered level of murein hydrolase activity produced compared with the par

65 tracellular protease levels and altering the murein hydrolase activity profile.

66 Zymographic analysis of murein hydrolase activity revealed that inactivation of

67 Zymographic and quantitative analyses of murein hydrolase activity revealed that mutation of the

68 Zymographic and quantitative analysis of murein hydrolase activity revealed that the lrgAB mutant

69 Rv2719c protein exhibited mycobacterial murein hydrolase activity that was localized to the N-te

70 , as well as its counterpart EA1, to exhibit murein hydrolase activity was confirmed by cloning their

71 The effect of glucose on murein hydrolase activity was not observed in the cidA m

72 ncode a novel regulatory system that affects murein hydrolase activity, stationary-phase survival and

73 ion of the cid and lrg operons, which affect murein hydrolase activity, stationary-phase survival, an

74 n operon that encodes a positive effector of murein hydrolase activity, the upregulation of cidABC ex

75 enicillin, attributable in part to increased murein hydrolase activity.

76 on has a positive influence on extracellular murein hydrolase activity.

77 nes confer negative control on extracellular murein hydrolase activity.

78 ypothesized to be involved in the control of murein hydrolase activity.

79 g of S. aureus involves a novel regulator of murein hydrolase activity.

80 teins while lrgB may encode a protein having murein hydrolase activity.

81 Streptococcus mutans surface protein affects murein hydrolase activity.

82 Interestingly, the predominant murein hydrolase affected was an 85 kDa protein that was

83 processes: increased expression of the AtlA murein hydrolase and decreased expression of wall-teicho

84 PCL is dependent upon the AtlA murein hydrolase and is regulated, in part, by the SrrAB

85 forms and perturb the deposition of the BslO murein hydrolase at cell division septa.

86 likely due to its inability to deposit BslO murein hydrolase at divisional septa.

87 s of these genes suggest that lrgA encodes a murein hydrolase exporter similar to bacteriophage holin

88 effects on autolysis, in part, by modulating murein hydrolase expression and/or activity.

89 In this report, we studied a murein hydrolase from the streptococcal bacteriophage C(

90 One such YSIRK-containing protein is the murein hydrolase LytN.

91 vidence for the enzymatic flexibility of the murein hydrolase NamA and demonstrate that bacterial sep

92 217-225, which is derived from the bacterial murein hydrolase p60 and presented by the H-2Kd MHC clas

93 y establish the existence of the cid and lrg murein hydrolase regulatory network in B. anthracis, but

94 ies are consistent with a role for PcsB as a murein hydrolase that balances the extent of cell wall s

95 studies show that lysin represents a unique murein hydrolase that has a rapid lethal effect both in

96 LytN, a cross-wall murein hydrolase, contributes to the release of SpA by r

97 lular Listeria monocytogenes secretes p60, a murein hydrolase, into the host cell cytosol, where it i

98 from the bacterial surface by treatment with murein hydrolase, suggesting that the pilus fibres may b

99 of BslO, the S-layer-associated protein, and murein hydrolase, which cleaves septal peptidoglycan to

100 OmpR; the second contained mipA, encoding a murein hydrolase.

101 ere that Esp cleaves autolysin (Atl)-derived murein hydrolases and prevents staphylococcal release of

102 Murein hydrolases appear to be widespread in the virions

103 nvolved in the modification of substrates of murein hydrolases as well as in the regulation of expres

104 A model is proposed whereby murein hydrolases cleave the anchor structure of release

105 The regulation of murein hydrolases is a critical aspect of peptidoglycan

106 r to this N-terminal domain are found in the murein hydrolases of staphylococcal phages but not in th

107 Murein hydrolases of staphylococcal phages phi11, 80alph

108 nhibiting a putative holin from transporting murein hydrolases out of the cell.

109 Lysins are murein hydrolases produced by bacteriophage that act on

110 onger restricted the deposition of LysM-type murein hydrolases to cell division sites, which was asso

111 hat the LysM domains of Sle1 and LytN direct murein hydrolases to the staphylococcal envelope in the

112 us aureus, a spherical microbe, secretes two murein hydrolases with LysM domains, Sle1 and LytN.

113 Finally, two murein hydrolases, AmiC and EnvC, have been shown to loc

114 lation of expression and/or activity of some murein hydrolases, which, in turn, may play important ro

115 A and SarA both being negative regulators of murein hydrolases.

116 ation, and purified SspA cleaves Atl-derived murein hydrolases.

117 drolase/peptidase) domain found in bacterial murein hydrolases; however, direct links between steps i

118 mutant displayed several bands of decreased murein hydrolytic activity.

119 we also present evidence that EnvC possesses murein hydrolytic activity.

120 rst evidence in E. coli that FtsZ can direct murein incorporation into the lateral cell wall independ

121 wn to high cell density, conditions in which murein is more highly cross-linked.

122 inks between diaminopimelate residues in the murein layer was increased under N-limiting conditions,

123 Hydrolysis of the murein layer with lysozyme did not alter the distributio

124 cid, a ribitol-phosphate polymer tethered to murein linkage units, prevents the LysM domain from bind

125 Peptidoglycan-associated lipoprotein (Pal), murein lipoprotein (LppA), and outer membrane protein A

126 The 5- to 9-kDa OMP was identified as murein lipoprotein (MLP) based on immunoblotting studies

127 We identified murein lipoprotein (MLP), a highly conserved gram-negati

128 of bacteria and, as primary antibodies, anti-murein lipoprotein (MLP), peptidoglycan-associated lipop

129 is reminiscent of that described for Braun's murein lipoprotein in that the N terminus of the polypep

130 studies suggest that in strain 43895OR, the murein lipoprotein Lpp indirectly regulates CsgA express

131 oglycan-associated lipoprotein, Pam3Cys, and murein lipoprotein, on endothelial function and coagulat

132 peptidase cleavage site to mimic that of the murein lipoprotein.

133 Braun (murein) lipoprotein (Lpp) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) a

134 Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and Braun (murein) lipoprotein (Lpp) are major components of the ou

135 al outer membrane components, such as Braun (murein) lipoprotein (Lpp), is not well defined.

136 may be part of an efflux pump or involved in murein metabolism.

137 ed GFP-CWT binding to staphylococci, whereas murein monomers or lysostaphin-solubilized cell wall fra

138 Escherichia coli breaks down over 60% of the murein of its side wall and reuses the component amino a

139 anhydro-MurNAc derived either from cell wall murein or imported from the medium.

140 pathways for glutathione, F420, folate, and murein peptide biosyntheses illustrate convergent evolut

141 An mpaA mpl (murein peptide ligase) double mutant accumulated large a

142 ntified a new gene product, designated MppA (murein peptide permease A), that is about 46% identical

143 YkfB suggest roles in the metabolism of the murein peptide, of which L-Ala-D-Glu is a component.

144 se unique substrates for AmpG, which contain murein peptides linked to GlcNAc-anhMurNAc, are produced

145 The synthesis of the murein precursor lipid I is performed by MraY.

146 d enzyme that catalyzes the formation of the murein precursor, Lipid I, from UDP-N-acetylmuramic acid

147 The murein precursor, UDP-N-acetylmuramyl-L-Ala-gamma-D-Glu-

148 A(2) blocked synthesis of murein precursors in vivo by inhibiting MurA, the cataly

149 cell via the AmpG permease component of the murein recycling pathway.

150 Turnover and recycling of the cell wall murein represent a major metabolic pathway of Escherichi

151 urNAc and l-alanine in both muropeptides and murein sacculi.

152 The final product, the murein sacculus, is a single, covalently closed macromol

153 ts confirmed that it physically binds to the murein sacculus.

154 embrane of most bacteria, the peptidoglycan (murein) sacculus is a meshwork of glycan strands joined

155 ing the coordination of the divisome and the murein-shaping machinery in the periplasm.

156 at MreC might act as a scaffold to which the murein synthases are recruited in order to spatially org

157 ere we demonstrate that SpA is released with murein tetrapeptide-tetraglycyl [L-Ala-D-iGln-(SpA-Gly5)

158 -His-His-Tyr) that appears to be specific to murein tetrapeptide.

159 specifically recognizes some form of septal murein that is only transiently available during the con

160 Also known as murein, the cell wall is a two-dimensional polymer, cons

161 his domain from E. coli membrane-bound lytic murein transglycosylase D.

162 n from Escherichia coli membrane-bound lytic murein transglycosylase D.

163 fector HopPtoC(EA), and membrane-bound lytic murein transglycosylase MltE(EA).

164 ipoprotein with homology to Escherichia coli murein transglycosylase, elicits protective Ab to mening

165 locus (CEL) orf1, encoding a putative lytic murein transglycosylase, resulted in decreased virulence

166 G to be a permease required for recycling of murein tripeptide and uptake of anhydro-muropeptides.

167 nal mutation in the gene for the periplasmic murein tripeptide binding protein MppA, was previously r

168 ) double mutant accumulated large amounts of murein tripeptide in its cytoplasm, consistent with the

169 a-D-glutamyl-diaminopimelic acid bond in the murein tripeptide L-alanyl-gamma-D-glutamyl-meso-diamino

170 a coli essential for uptake of the cell wall murein tripeptide L-alanyl-gamma-D-glutamyl-meso-diamino

171 carried the mppA locus was unable to grow on murein tripeptide unless it was provided with oppBCDF ge

172 coli efficiently reuses, i.e., recycles, its murein tripeptide, L-alanyl-gamma-D-glutamyl-meso-diamin

173 a in which Dap was replaced by the cell wall murein tripeptide, L-alanyl-gamma-D-glutamyl-mesodiamino

174 model whereby the periplasmic MppA binds the murein tripeptide, which is then transported into the cy