ライフサイエンスコーパス: mycobacterial

1 side chains represent a novel class of anti-mycobacterial agents.

2 stigate the relevance of this novel class of mycobacterial Ags in the context of experimental bacille

3 opril which we show is consistent with novel mycobacterial alterations in the binding site of this dr

4 for both liquid medium and solid medium for mycobacterial and aerobic actinomycetes culture and demo

5 performed a retrospective analysis of 21,494 mycobacterial and aerobic actinomycetes cultures perform

6 -lactones, we found one hit with potent anti-mycobacterial and bactericidal activity.

7 in the elongation of the mannan backbone of mycobacterial and corynebacterial LM, further highlighti

8 nstrated by detecting T cells that recognize mycobacterial and viral Ags in donors exposed to the res

9 We have shown that mycobacterial antigens and CpG oligodeoxynucleotides dow

10 Moreover, after stimulation with mycobacterial antigens plus Der p 1 allergen, cells from

11 driver of IFNgamma production in response to mycobacterial antigens provides new insights into human

12 tored TB candidate vaccine, containing three mycobacterial antigens, in individuals with current or p

13 detection of IgG responses against multiple mycobacterial antigens.

14 (IPE) and squaramides (SQA) as inhibitors of mycobacterial ATP synthesis.

15 molecular checkpoints during development of mycobacterial biofilms.

16 s, more severe lung pathology, and increased mycobacterial burden and dissemination.

17 ed between hepcidin and composite indices of mycobacterial burden and dissemination.

18 hepcidin concentrations and anemia severity, mycobacterial burden and mortality in patients with HIV-

19 ntegrity, which was accompanied by a reduced mycobacterial burden in lung and spleen and a prolonged

20 ase in human subjects, we observed increased mycobacterial burden, loss of granuloma structure, and i

21 tem, which demonstrated that transfer of the mycobacterial C-terminal domain to a standard F-ATP synt

22 We investigated the role of Abs to the mycobacterial capsular polysaccharide arabinomannan (AM)

23 udy the mechanisms involved in regulation of mycobacterial capsule biosynthesis using a high throughp

24 presence of detergent, which also strips the mycobacterial capsule.

25 size control are insufficient to explain the mycobacterial cell cycle.

26 tion and drug resistance leads ultimately to mycobacterial cell death.

27 ed that the TGD1 L45 loop interacts with the mycobacterial cell entry domain of TGD2.

28 These findings enhance our understanding of mycobacterial cell envelope structure and dynamics and h

29 ycolic acids are essential components of the mycobacterial cell envelope, and their biosynthetic path

30 ycolic acids are essential components of the mycobacterial cell envelope, and their biosynthetic path

31 which are key glycolipids/lipoglycans of the mycobacterial cell envelope.

32 ngle-cell time-lapse analyses to reveal that mycobacterial cell populations exhibit heterogeneity in

33 sing measurements and stochastic modeling of mycobacterial cell size and cell-cycle timing in both sl

34 plays a key role in the biosynthesis of the mycobacterial cell wall galactofuran.

35 ly uncharacterized protein, is important for mycobacterial cell wall integrity and is required for my

36 The mycobacterial cell wall is critical to the virulence of

37 The mycobacterial cell wall is crucial to the host-pathogen

38 ential isomerase for the biosynthesis of the mycobacterial cell wall, is a validated target for tuber

39 synthesis of essential mycolic acids in the mycobacterial cell wall, is the target for the frontline

40 erlying the remarkable immunogenicity of the mycobacterial cell wall, via recognition of trehalose-6,

41 ol-based lipoglycans are key features of the mycobacterial cell wall.

42 Instead, we showed that mycobacterial cell-cycle progression is regulated by an

43 an accumulation of protein substrates in the mycobacterial cell.

44 kinase-dead PknA versus kinase-dead PknB in mycobacterial cells leads to different cellular phenotyp

45 Our data indicate that mycobacterial cells monitor biotin sufficiency through a

46 tein, Wag31, involved in polar elongation of mycobacterial cells.

47 erminant in facilitating polar elongation in mycobacterial cells.

48 We used samples from a mycobacterial challenge in which previously BCG-vaccinat

49 A human mycobacterial challenge model, using bacille Calmette-Gu

50 nt mice which show diminished trafficking of mycobacterial components to exosomes as well as M. tuber

51 c data collected, including semiquantitative mycobacterial culture analysis.

52 uated with acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear and mycobacterial culture using liquid and solid culture med

53 sputum sample for smear microscopy (AFB) and mycobacterial culture, and performed urine LAM testing (

54 rated sputum samples were sent for staining, mycobacterial culture, and Xpert MTB/RIF.

55 The following tests were used: mycobacterial culture, smear microscopy, Xpert MTB/RIF (

56 marinum SSTIs compared to relying solely on mycobacterial culture, the current gold standard.

57 Mycobacterial cultures are historically performed using

58 atheter cultures for BCG in patients in whom mycobacterial cultures were performed.

59 in children and adults in settings in which mycobacterial cultures, molecular and phenotypic drug su

60 observed against both growing and nongrowing mycobacterial cultures.

61 The mycobacterial cytochrome bc1 :aa3 consists of a menaquin

62 RATIONALE: Pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial disease (PNTM) often affects white postmen

63 We showed that these patients were prone to mycobacterial disease and that human ISG15 was non-redun

64 ly in those with disseminated nontuberculous mycobacterial disease and warts.

65 of patients with Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease due to IL-12Rbeta1 deficiencies th

66 gs and the inherent paucibacillary nature of mycobacterial disease in childhood.

67 Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease is a rare primary immunodeficiency

68 mon, and bacteriological confirmation of any mycobacterial disease is difficult because of low availa

69 llular function, important for resistance to mycobacterial disease, has remained biochemically unchar

70 terferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) immunity underlie mycobacterial disease.

71 ncing immunity, especially in the context of mycobacterial disease.

72 nity, lymphoproliferation, and delayed-onset mycobacterial disease.

73 limit management of pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial disease.

74 um leprae causes leprosy and is unique among mycobacterial diseases in producing peripheral neuropath

75 re potential therapeutic agents for treating mycobacterial diseases, including tuberculosis.

76 ts a new class of potential drug targets for mycobacterial diseases.

77 We find that LamA is a member of the mycobacterial division complex (the 'divisome').

78 s ratio [aOR], 0.85 [95% CI, .73-.99]), less mycobacterial DNA (aOR, 1.14 [95% CI, 1.03-1.27] per cyc

79 make it an attractive target for novel anti-mycobacterial drugs.The polymerase and histidinol phosph

80 well-documented role for macrophages as anti-mycobacterial effector cells, badger macrophage (bdMphi)

81 TRIM22 is also associated with antiviral and mycobacterial effectors and markers of inflammation, suc

82 Mycobacterial enoyl acyl carrier protein reductase (InhA

83 However, the mycobacterial enzyme lacks this reverse activity, but th

84 The mycobacterial ESX-1 virulence locus accelerates macropha

85 les to show that in intact membrane-embedded mycobacterial F-ATP synthases deletion of the C-terminal

86 ontroversies regarding drug synergies in the mycobacterial folate biosynthesis pathway.

87 . was cultured from skin biopsy (n = 20/28), mycobacterial/fungal and aerobic blood culture (n = 15/2

88 ucing the majority of the Galf residues into mycobacterial galactan.

89 g a forward genetic screen, we show that the mycobacterial GatCAB enzyme complex mediates the transla

90 that the numerous proteins encoded by these mycobacterial genes dictate the immune pathogenesis of t

91 To identify mycobacterial genetic markers associated with increased

92 The advent of mycobacterial genetics, sophisticated immunological meth

93 icity, providing a suite of tools for use in mycobacterial genetics.

94 contains reactive oxygen species due to the mycobacterial genomes encoding a large number of dehydro

95 t concomitant HIV infection, and tracked the mycobacterial glycolipid-reactive T-cell repertoire by u

96 ghly specific mechanism for recognizing this mycobacterial glycolipid.

97 infection may affect T cells that recognize mycobacterial glycolipids and influence immunity.

98 h-Mycobacterium marinum model, we found that mycobacterial granuloma formation is accompanied by macr

99 that: (i) RNase H1 activity is essential for mycobacterial growth and can be provided by either RnhC

100 inase that acts as an essential regulator of mycobacterial growth and division.

101 id-responsive T cells contributed to reduced mycobacterial growth because antibodies to CD1b inhibite

102 bility of vaccine-induced T cells to inhibit mycobacterial growth in infected cells, and examining th

103 polyfunctional and cytotoxic and can inhibit mycobacterial growth in infected target cells.

104 Mycobacterial growth in peripheral blood mononuclear cel

105 ssion of Hb genes correlated positively with mycobacterial growth in whole blood from UK/Asian adults

106 including isolates and early positive Bactec mycobacterial growth indicator tube (MGIT) 960 cultures

107 m 172 patients) was also cultured by using a mycobacterial growth indicator tube (MGIT) and on Lowens

108 ion from as little as 1 ml of early positive mycobacterial growth indicator tube (MGIT) cultures that

109 ed with 3% oxalic acid and inoculated into a mycobacterial growth indicator tube (MGIT) that was moni

110 sease in contacts was associated with sputum Mycobacterial Growth Indicator Tube culture (odds ratio,

111 wenstein-Jensen (LJ) absolute concentration, mycobacterial growth indicator tubes (MGIT), and TREK Se

112 and time-to positivity (TTP) measurement in mycobacterial growth indicator tubes.

113 esurgence of interest in functional in vitro mycobacterial growth inhibition assays (MGIAs), which pr

114 rom baseline to Day 84 on a semiquantitative mycobacterial growth scale.

115 otein tyrosine phosphatase inhibition limits mycobacterial growth, suggesting a new strategy for host

116 chain of mycolic acids and is essential for mycobacterial growth.

117 s, causing granuloma breakdown and increased mycobacterial growth.

118 long meromycolic chain and is essential for mycobacterial growth.

119 is-[Pt(NH3)2Cl2], and this compound inhibits mycobacterial growth.

120 and flow cytometry, and correlated this with mycobacterial growth.

121 sulfonamides 2 and 3 as potent inhibitors of mycobacterial growth.

122 Further sequencing of the mycobacterial heat shock protein gene (hsp65) provided s

123 ber of tandem repeats genotyping to identify mycobacterial heterogeneity, we report the prevalence an

124 in the DNA polymerase DnaE1 is essential for mycobacterial high-fidelity DNA replication.

125 M affinity and displays selectivity over the mycobacterial homologues CysK1 and CysK2.

126 Mycobacteriophages are viruses that infect mycobacterial hosts including Mycobacterium tuberculosis

127 a backup nuclease, our findings suggest that mycobacterial HR can proceed via DSB unwinding and prote

128 AdnAB, the helicase-nuclease implicated in mycobacterial HR, consists of two subunits, AdnA and Adn

129 SA (MTBE) platform for the detection of anti-mycobacterial IgG in plasma samples in less than 15 minu

130 , we study a patient with recurrent atypical mycobacterial infection and early-onset metastatic bladd

131 tical function of JAK1 in protection against mycobacterial infection and possibly the immunological s

132 host receptors that mediate the detection of mycobacterial infection and the role of individual recep

133 thermore, isolated pulmonary non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection has been increasing in prevalenc

134 ron supplementation on the susceptibility to mycobacterial infection have been reported.

135 g the improvement of refractory disseminated mycobacterial infection in a CD40L-deficient patient by

136 t homeostasis and consequently resistance to mycobacterial infection in Drosophila.

137 Mycobacterial infection in humans and zebrafish results

138 pes, could contribute to the defense against mycobacterial infection in humans.

139 portant determinant for the establishment of mycobacterial infection in their hosts.

140 acterium tuberculosis are key players of the mycobacterial infection pathway.

141 Thus, NQO1 is a new host target in mycobacterial infection that could potentially be exploi

142 NF and IL-6 by RP105(-/-) macrophages during mycobacterial infection was not accompanied by diminishe

143 ALB/c and C57BL/6, classically used to study mycobacterial infection, and FVB/N.

144 NQO1 expression was increased after mycobacterial infection, and NQO1 knockdown increased ma

145 Upon mycobacterial infection, Clec4b1-deficient mice showed r

146 Thus, during mycobacterial infection, granuloma macrophages are broad

147 hile TNF-deficient mice rapidly succumbed to mycobacterial infection, huTNF KI mice survived, control

148 During mycobacterial infection, macrophages with lysosomal stor

149 less infiltration of macrophages to sites of mycobacterial infection, thus impairing granuloma develo

150 estrating the initial neutrophil response to mycobacterial infection.

151 mited iron conditions, which is critical for mycobacterial infection.

152 ght into the role of host genetic factors in mycobacterial infection.

153 s led to a reassessment of several tenets of mycobacterial infection.

154 sceptibility to disseminated non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection.

155 ant component of vascular dysfunction during mycobacterial infection.

156 E2 signaling to vascular permeability during mycobacterial infection.

157 and mycobacteria for iron acquisition during mycobacterial infection.

158 infections (1.32; 95% CI, 1.30 to 1.34), and mycobacterial infections (1.69; 95% CI, 1.36 to 2.09).

159 Analysis of Ag-specific CD4(+) T cells in mycobacterial infections at the transcriptome level is i

160 Nontuberculous mycobacterial infections due to autoantibodies targeting

161 me/acute myeloid leukemia, monocytopenia and mycobacterial infections, Emberger syndrome, and dendrit

162 deficiency, which protects mice from severe mycobacterial infections, thereby laying the foundation

163 nt tuberculosis, diabetes mellitus, atypical mycobacterial infections, vitamin D deficiency or metabo

164 th efforts to develop new antimicrobials for mycobacterial infections.

165 associated with disseminated nontuberculous mycobacterial infections.

166 unity and necessary for efficient control of mycobacterial infections.

167 gnaling pathways responsible for controlling mycobacterial infections.

168 their chronic intake increases the risk for mycobacterial infections.

169 warts and 3 had disseminated nontuberculous mycobacterial infections.

170 e against infections, including experimental mycobacterial infections.

171 ays a critical role in host defenses against mycobacterial infections.

172 oups with a higher discriminatory power than mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit-variable numb

173 t length polymorphism (RFLP), spoligotyping, mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units - variable n

174 Using mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units-variable num

175 estriction fragment length polymorphism, and mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units-variable num

176 cases belonging to this outbreak via routine mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units-variable num

177 usceptibility (DST) and genotyped by 24-loci mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units-variable-num

178 ignificant adverse events in 3 patients with mycobacterial IRIS.

179 parameters were established, a panel of 157 mycobacterial isolates (including 16 Mycobacterium tuber

180 tor sortilin during phagosome maturation and mycobacterial killing.

181 vaccination, Ag-specific T cell responses to mycobacterial lipid and lipopeptide-enriched Ag preparat

182 Lipoarabinomannan was the most potent mycobacterial lipid antigen (activation of 1.3% T lympho

183 studies have revealed the molecular basis of mycobacterial lipid recognition by CD1c-restricted T cel

184 ts, and weight loss), a rapid test detecting mycobacterial lipoarabinomannan in urine (Determine TB L

185 class of highly antigenic, MHC-II-restricted mycobacterial lipopeptides that are recognized by CD4-po

186 fected mice challenged with BCG had a higher mycobacterial load in the liver compared with worm-free

187 BCG mycobacterial load was quantified by solid culture and q

188 -TB treatment and correlated with decreasing mycobacterial loads during treatment.

189 as complex Ag mixtures, such as tuberculin, mycobacterial lysates, and culture supernatants, all ind

190 d zebrafish that innate macrophages overcome mycobacterial lysosomal avoidance strategies to rapidly

191 We defined a critical role for mycobacterial membrane phenolic glycolipid (PGL) in engi

192 The mycobacterial membrane protein large (MmpL) proteins are

193 Mycobacterial membrane protein Large 3 (MmpL3), an essen

194 Recent work shows that the MmpL (mycobacterial membrane protein large) family of transpor

195 of an immune response that targets a unique mycobacterial modification is novel and may have practic

196 reatment-refractory pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial (Mycobacterium avium complex [MAC] or Myco

197 l receptors (TCRs) recognize CD1b presenting mycobacterial mycolates.

198 or-unrestricted and recognize CD1b-presented mycobacterial mycolates.

199 cribe, for the first time, the activity of a mycobacterial nitroreductase against 1 analogs, highligh

200 Pulmonary non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) disease epidemiology in sub-Saharan

201 ed patients with disseminated nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) disease.

202 Nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infections have the potential to aff

203 The defining feature of the mycobacterial outer membrane (OM) is the presence of myc

204 We report here the distinct roles of mycobacterial P1B4-ATPases in the homeostasis of Co(2+)

205 Indeed the mycobacterial Pat (protein lysine acetyltransferase), Rv

206 viral pathogens in 59 (3%), and a fungal or mycobacterial pathogen in 17 (1%).

207 sum, our results reveal c-di-AMP to be a key mycobacterial pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAM

208 tion and the role of individual receptors in mycobacterial pathogenesis in humans and model organisms

209 that may be associated with the evolution of mycobacterial pathogenicity.

210 Mycobacterial pathogens use the ESAT-6 system 1 (Esx-1)

211 We designate PPE15 as mycobacterial perilipin-1 (MPER1).

212 alveolar lavage and tissues were sampled for mycobacterial persistence, pathology, and immune correla

213 y, became bactericidal, killed drug-tolerant mycobacterial persisters, and rapidly cleared M. tubercu

214 ltransferase involved in the biosynthesis of mycobacterial phosphatidyl-myo-inositol mannosides (PIMs

215 id transporters that are important for basic mycobacterial physiology and Mycobacterium tuberculosis

216 ess called mycolylation, which is central to mycobacterial physiology and pathogenesis and is an impo

217 ylation is important for maintenance of both mycobacterial physiology and redox poise, an axis that i

218 suggesting a critical role of TNF to control mycobacterial pleurisy.

219 C) staining for acid-fast bacilli (AFB), and mycobacterial polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays.

220 s less than 5% and less than 1% of the total mycobacterial population, respectively.

221 Together, these adders enable mycobacterial populations to regulate cell size, growth,

222 Continued improvements to mycobacterial processing, bioinformatics, and analysis w

223 likely a bottleneck step at the majority of mycobacterial promoters.

224 for suppressors of NO hypersensitivity in a mycobacterial proteasome ATPase mutant and identified mu

225 The essential mycobacterial protein kinases PknA and PknB play crucial

226 quired for transport and that trafficking of mycobacterial proteins from phagocytosed bacilli to exos

227 Moreover, soluble mycobacterial proteins, when added exogenously to RAW264

228 culosis-infected macrophages contain soluble mycobacterial proteins.

229 ls, and highlight the potential relevance to mycobacterial recognition.

230 The splicing of the intein in the mycobacterial recombinase RecA is specifically inhibited

231 samples that were identified by the national mycobacterial reference laboratory (NMRL) as Mycobacteri

232 ized to sites of Mtb-driven inflammation and mycobacterial replication in the lung.

233 ing from noninhibitory to cidal based on the mycobacterial replication or killing profile.

234 nditions that led to the absence of apparent mycobacterial replication, M. tuberculosis expressed a u

235 unctions capable of inhibiting intracellular mycobacterial replication.

236 redox sensor, WhiB4, as key determinants of mycobacterial resistance against AG.

237 onally replace murine TNF in vivo, providing mycobacterial resistance that could be compromised by TN

238 overed a DsbA-like mycoredoxin that promotes mycobacterial resistance to oxidative stress and reacts

239 oxidase-encoding genes cydAB, Q203 inhibited mycobacterial respiration completely, became bactericida

240 identified an immunogenic peptide within the mycobacterial ribosomal large subunit protein RplJ, enco

241 he recognition of multiple components of the mycobacterial ribosome.

242 Importantly, CD4(+) T cells specific for mycobacterial ribosomes accumulate to significant levels

243 A major challenge in the study of mycobacterial RNA biology is the lack of a comprehensive

244 omplexes on the same two promoters formed by mycobacterial RNAP are very unstable (lifetimes of about

245 that is not found in E. coli, stabilizes the mycobacterial RNAP/open promoter complexes considerably

246 etic insights to the division of labor among mycobacterial RNases H by deleting the rnhA, rnhB, rnhC

247 Here we present crystal structures of 9 mycobacterial SDRs in which the insertion buries the NAD

248 t of these functions, we annotated Rv2672 as mycobacterial secreted hydrolase 1 (Msh1).

249 Interestingly, mycobacterial short chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR

250 cobacterium marinum and other nontuberculous mycobacterial skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) as

251 interrupting this transfer so as to prolong mycobacterial sojourn in resident macrophages promoted c

252 s in the metabolism of nitro compounds among mycobacterial species and emphasizing the potential of n

253 able for whole-genome sequencing to identify mycobacterial species and predict antibiotic resistance

254 cilitate fast and accurate identification of mycobacterial species and resistance using a range of bi

255 uated Mycobacterium tuberculosis, or related mycobacterial species are in various stages of preclinic

256 responses to Ag preparations from different mycobacterial species revealed that the antigenic lipope

257 Most mycobacterial species spontaneously form biofilms, induc

258 ta suggest the galactan polymer is longer in mycobacterial species than corynebacterial species.

259 class of deaminases, predominantly found in mycobacterial species that act on the commercially impor

260 sly, the SufB inteins are found primarily in mycobacterial species that are potential human pathogens

261 of intracellular cAMP is bound to protein in mycobacterial species, and by using affinity chromatogra

262 F domains can be identified in the genome of mycobacterial species, and some of them have been charac

263 se induces capsule production in a number of mycobacterial species.

264 er organisms, but is highly conserved across mycobacterial species.

265 em) export systems play diverse roles across mycobacterial species.

266 therapy with a mixture of broad spectrum and mycobacterial specific antibiotics, and treatment of mul

267 pathways that involve not only induction of mycobacterial-specific adaptive responses but also signa

268 imited data regarding whether nontuberculous mycobacterial sputum culture conversion or semiquantitat

269 either uninfected or infected with different mycobacterial strains (Mycobacterium avium, Mycobacteriu

270 ntribution of specific genetic variations in mycobacterial strains themselves are still unknown.

271 designed, synthesized, and evaluated against mycobacterial strains.

272 fitness mutations among clinically relevant mycobacterial strains.

273 agolysosomal fusion is considered a critical mycobacterial strategy to survive in macrophages.

274 Cryptic minor variant mycobacterial subpopulations exist below the resolving c

275 9), which is accessible at the C terminus of mycobacterial subunit alpha, is a promising drug epitope

276 and transports trehalose monomycolate to the mycobacterial surface.

277 human macrophages, addition of IL-6 promotes mycobacterial survival and BCG-induced lipid accumulatio

278 Cytokines can promote or inhibit mycobacterial survival inside macrophages and the underl

279 show that cytokine-STAT signalling promotes mycobacterial survival within macrophages by deregulatin

280 al role of SET8-responsive NQO1 and TRXR1 in mycobacterial survival.

281 We measured the systemic and mycobacterial (TB) antigen-stimulated levels of type 1,

282 We show here that CarD, an essential mycobacterial transcription activator that is not found

283 des a framework to understand the control of mycobacterial transcription by RbpA and CarD.

284 d a 2.76 A-resolution crystal structure of a mycobacterial transcription initiation complex (TIC) wit

285 ectly compare the initiation properties of a mycobacterial transcription system with E. coli RNAP on

286 The essential mycobacterial transcriptional regulators RbpA and CarD a

287 zolidinone (rhodanine) derivatives targeting Mycobacterial tuberculosis (Mtb) trans-2-enoyl-acyl carr

288 While live mycobacterial vaccines show promising efficacy, HIV co-i

289 ogy is a key correlate of the safety of live mycobacterial vaccines.

290 nally, either DnaJ1 or DnaJ2 is required for mycobacterial viability, as is the DnaK-activating activ

291 cause galactan biosynthesis is essential for mycobacterial viability, compounds that interfere with t

292 cell populations required IL-18, sensing of mycobacterial viability, Mtb protein 6-kDa early secreto

293 nine, or synthetic agonist indirubin reduced mycobacterial viability.

294 of EsxA membrane-permeabilizing activity on mycobacterial virulence and cytosolic translocation usin

295 In addition, cell wall lipids are mycobacterial virulence factors.

296 EsxA is routinely used to evaluate mycobacterial virulence in the laboratory and as a bioma

297 of HO1 by M. tuberculosis infection may be a mycobacterial virulence mechanism to enhance inflammatio

298 convincing evidence that EsxA contributes to mycobacterial virulence with its membrane-permeabilizing

299 rial cell wall integrity and is required for mycobacterial virulence.

300 h, suggesting links between its function and mycobacterial virulence.