ライフサイエンスコーパス: nanometer

1 se of the pore size distribution (50 to 1000 nanometers).

2 st increases in lattice parameter of up to a nanometer.

3 and pumps on scales ranging from microns to nanometers.

4 ierarchically porous nature of C-S-H down to nanometers.

5 sheets with thickness not greater than a few nanometers.

6 tion of some OSTK rods with a length of some nanometers.

7 onpiliated states, at a resolution of 3 to 4 nanometers.

8 whereas the membrane thickness is only a few nanometers.

9 y is thus improved from micrometers to a few nanometers.

10 ed domain sizes reaching several hundreds of nanometers.

11 o volumes typically on the order of 30 cubic nanometers.

12 archical features from angstroms to 100's of nanometers.

13 hoton spectrum red-shifts from 765 to >/=800 nanometers.

14 A) hydrogel beads is on the order of several nanometers.

15 ins on a length scale of up to a few hundred nanometers.

16 f viral structures at resolutions of tens of nanometers.

17 ge density response in the range of 10 to 20 nanometers.

18 xation processes, through distances of a few nanometers.

19 od self-assembles to a defined length of 25 nanometers.

20 sion of a feedstock-like probe molecule with nanometer accuracy in the macropores of a micrometer-siz

21 rnal reflection fluorescence microscopy with nanometer accuracy localization to track the orientation

22 niques allow for picoNewton manipulation and nanometer accuracy measurements of single chromatin fibe

23 ling researchers to understand morphology at nanometer and angstrom length scales using complementary

24 PT) can measure diffusion and binding on the nanometer and millisecond scales.

25 gical dynamics of a single, same particle on nanometer and ultrashort time scales.

26 dral cavities with internal diameters of 5.0 nanometers and 6.2 nanometers, respectively-ultimately g

27 ganized 3D structures with a period of a few nanometers and a size of up to a few millimeters is not

28 ond time window with sample sizes of tens of nanometers and thus suitable to determine the onset of t

29 ined force field on length scales of tens of nanometers and timescales of tens of microseconds.

30 elatively large domains (thousands of square nanometers) and indicate a no-slip Darcy-like behavior i

31 t sequence that is repeated over hundreds of nanometers, and is erasable with electron-induced excita

32 Here we visualized nanometer- and micrometer-scale TCR distributions in lym

33 Thus, a nanometer- and micron-scale reorganization of activating

34 lutions inside such small particles (tens of nanometers) are often shrouded by electrode-scale inhomo

35 med span a wide range of length scales: from nanometers, as in biological tissues and bundles of carb

36 e fluorine-containing residue located 1 to 2 nanometers away.

37 ion over length scales up to several tens of nanometers before damping.

38 persisted over tens of picoseconds and 600 nanometers before reaching the diffusive transport limit

39 maximum shear direction, occur a few hundred nanometers below the shock surface.

40 hich consists of multiple ion layers over 2 nanometers, beyond which a diffuse layer forms to compen

41 onances are tunable over tens or hundreds of nanometers by changing the size of the nanoparticle and

42 ions of the perovskite crystallites to a few nanometers can also unlock spatial confinement effects,

43 Varying the thickness of a single layer by 2 nanometers changes the reflection appreciably.

44 l and theoretical investigation of Ag-Pt sub-nanometer clusters as heterogeneous catalysts in the CO-

45 y take steps comparable in length to its 50-nanometer coiled-coil subunits, indicative of a transloc

46 ilayer with an average layer thickness of 15 nanometers, deep into the subwavelength regime.

47 ical composition with sub-100-nm lateral and nanometer depth spatial resolution.

48 egates typically appear as clusters of 10-20 nanometer diameter ovoid structures with 2-3 amino-termi

49 We report that water permeability in 0.8-nanometer-diameter carbon nanotube porins (CNTPs), which

50 show that chromatin is a disordered 5- to 24-nanometer-diameter curvilinear chain that is packed toge

51 the capsids studied here are based on the 30-nanometer-diameter gene transfer agents of bacterium Rho

52 layered 2H-MoTe2 to a parallel bundle of sub-nanometer-diameter metallic Mo6 Te6 nanowires (NWs) driv

53 Atomically precise pieces of matter of nanometer dimensions composed of noble metals are new ca

54 create synaptic vesicle release sites within nanometer distance of Ca(2+) channel clusters for reliab

55 CD19, and CXCR4 are not only colocalized at nanometer distances but are also functionally connected,

56 ) studies, the hierarchical model is that 11-nanometer DNA-nucleosome polymers fold into 30- and subs

57 al tetragonal symmetry that extends over sub-nanometer domains.

58 lament layer has been limited to above a few nanometers due to processing constraints, making it chal

59 ibit a very small grain size of only several nanometers due to the nature of atom-by-atom growth of t

60 rking when the device length drops below 100 nanometers, due to insufficient functionality such as fe

61 - and subsequently into 120- and 300- to 700-nanometer fibers and mitotic chromosomes.

62 The resulting memristive device exhibits sub-nanometer filamentary switching with sub-pA operation cu

63 lled by the pipette orifice radius and a few nanometers film thickness.

64 water motion within a distance of about one nanometer from the surface, with rapid diffusion in the

65 doped with nitrogen-vacancies located a few nanometers from the diamond surface to detect the NMR sp

66 structural dynamics even more than a hundred nanometers from the polymer surface.

67 The light absorption ratio for nanometer GeSn/Al foil heterostructures can be enhanced

68 l double layer in the order of a few tens of nanometers (i.e., containing relatively high ionic stren

69 to 2.8 megadaltons) and dimensions (24 to 40 nanometers in diameter) comparable to those of small vir

70 yer in height and can extend several hundred nanometers in length.

71 ting crossings in a 192-atom closed loop 20 nanometers in length.

72 ondensation', and explains how enzymes a few nanometers in size are able to control chromosome geomet

73 us proteins with the resolution of micro- to nanometers in the brain.

74 ee-standing polyamide nanofilms less than 10 nanometers in thickness, and incorporated them as separa

75 ameter ranging from sub-nanometer to tens of nanometers, in the center of large gold nanoplates, can

76 e out from the interface more than a hundred nanometers, influencing the dynamics.

77 f oxygen vacancies spatially confined within nanometer inter-spacing (about 1 nm) in BiFeO3, using re

78 exceeding two perovskite-crystal units (>1.3 nanometers) is dominated by lower-energy states associat

79 t scales varying from one to few hundreds of nanometers, it predicts the local changes in the number

80 ver, because the coherent size is just a few nanometers, it presents a major experimental challenge t

81 istributed dye molecules at the interface on nanometer length scale and different chromophore-semicon

82 precisely dictate particle positions at the nanometer length scale, as this would allow complete con

83 At 100-nanometer length scale, the mesoscopic structure of calc

84 ystal structures with useful features on the nanometer length scale.

85 al membranes is thought to take place on the nanometer length scale.

86 s of nonlinear magnetization dynamics at the nanometer length scale.

87 ometry reflects structural relaxation on the nanometer length scale.

88 volves microscopic processes that operate on nanometer length scales and release minute amounts of po

89 lore thermoelectric and thermal transport on nanometer length scales in a regime of extremely short l

90 Molecules exhibit orientational order at nanometer length scales, while chirality leads to ordere

91 ciently couple light to Raman excitations on nanometer length scales.

92 ptoelectronic devices operating at micro and nanometer length-scale.

93 well creates 0D states that are localized on nanometer lengthscales.

94 al surface when structural variations at the nanometer level are of interest.

95 This method accurately measured nanometer level relative height changes of the resistor

96 led DNA-modified triangular bipyramids ( 250-nanometer long edge, 177-nanometer short edge) into clat

97 ale organization, extending over hundreds of nanometers, may be more important.

98 c matrix with embedded resonating units, and nanometer motions of an extracellular tissue found in th

99 Si) transistors is predicted to fail below 5-nanometer (nm) gate lengths because of severe short chan

100 le, however with a thickness of only several nanometers, not several hundred.

101 lents are not available in the outermost few nanometers of clay surfaces.

102 At tens of nanometers of separation, the attraction is weak and sho

103 can compress a Gaussian beam down to tens-of-nanometers of spot size in the ultraviolet (UV) and visi

104 Localized within nanometers of the medium surface, this effect is strongl

105 is typically only on the order of a hundred nanometers or less.

106 materials on spatial scales down to tens of nanometers or with dynamical information about nanoscale

107 ects, the findings in previous studies using nanometer- or micrometer-size particles cannot be applie

108 ots (QDs) are extremely bright, photostable, nanometer particles broadly used to investigate single m

109 te brain structure with high-resolution, sub-nanometer pathlength sensitivity without the use of exog

110 owth of 2D zeolites with rates as low as few nanometers per day.

111 localize light to volumes well below 1 cubic nanometer ("picocavities"), enabling optical experiments

112 thods to control zeolite crystal growth with nanometer precision are still in their infancy.

113 ate label-free tracking of microtubules with nanometer precision at kilohertz frame rates using inter

114 ceria catalyst particle aggregates with sub-nanometer precision using a new model-based spectroscopi

115 blocks have been designed and assembled with nanometer precision.

116 allowing novel questions to be examined with nanometer precision.

117 The DNA origami method has brought nanometer-precision fabrication to molecular biology lab

118 h a combination of subtomogram averaging and nanometer-precision localization, we identified two clas

119 at the contact with the knife is probed via nanometer-precision optical tracking of the magnetic bea

120 he molecular geometry across several hundred nanometers promotes the growth of highly crystalline fra

121 reflectivity allowed a film thickness in the nanometer range to be readily determined.

122 ed to accurately determine distances (in the nanometer range) between different regions of the struct

123 We present the performance of nanometer-range pulse electron paramagnetic resonance di

124 ntal depth profiles with a resolution in the nanometer regime.

125 ed for in situ sample surface studies in the nanometer regime.

126 how that the looping time occurs in confined nanometer regions.

127 documented the volumetric ultrastructure at nanometer resolution (4-5 nm/pixel) of specific intestin

128 ination microscopy (SPDM), that imaging with nanometer resolution and systematic counting of GNPs bec

129 e multichannel optical spectral sensing with nanometer resolution on a smartphone.

130 one or two motor domains, and we present sub-nanometer resolution reconstructions of both states.

131 Our study demonstrates that HIM provides nanometer resolution to uncover and rediscover critical

132 d Cu-SSZ-13 and Cu-ZSM-5 are determined with nanometer resolution using atom probe tomography (APT),

133 bing interfacial structure and function with nanometer resolution.

134 A spots, allowing mapping of entire spots to nanometer resolution.

135 sistive read head from its data platter with nanometer resolution.

136 SEM-based 3D nanometer-resolution imaging of the vacuoles revealed th

137 presented work demonstrates the potential of nanometer resolved elemental depth profiling in the soft

138 internal diameters of 5.0 nanometers and 6.2 nanometers, respectively-ultimately giving rise to the l

139 osition of oriented Pt and Au films with sub-nanometer roughness.

140 250-mum-wide fiber optic probe, we captured nanometer sarcomere length changes from thousands of sar

141 ld of secondary ion mass spectrometry at the nanometer scale (NanoSIMS) is the detection of chemical

142 ng, so to refine the bcc iron domain size to nanometer scale (~10 nm) and introduce a strong inhomoge

143 imaged in situ, at room temperature, at the nanometer scale by using an atomic force microscope equi

144 High-resolution nanometer scale characterization measurements provide fi

145 aggregates and smaller particles down to the nanometer scale compared to non-sonicated samples.

146 the size of the electrodes decreases to the nanometer scale due to their strong radial effect with t

147 on of an isothermal chamber to stabilize the nanometer scale gap between the tip and substrate, (3) t

148 logy, and the current scaling trends down to nanometer scale have introduced two-dimensional (2D) sem

149 terization method provides identification of nanometer scale heterogeneities that lead to catalytic a

150 scale with secondary electron images on the nanometer scale in situ has the potential to provide a s

151 The curvature of biological membranes at the nanometer scale is critically important for vesicle traf

152 l structural information of materials at the nanometer scale is essential to understanding complex ma

153 In electron transport through single nanometer scale magnetic particles, the current can also

154 The existence of nanometer scale membrane domains in binary lipid mixture

155 odel light harvesting at the several-hundred-nanometer scale of the PSII membrane, while preserving t

156 cally thin materials at the sub-nanometer to nanometer scale over technologically relevant large area

157 irst time by off-axis electron holography of nanometer scale particles.

158 ntitative information can be obtained at the nanometer scale regarding the shape and size, i.e., conf

159 We used the HIM technology to investigate at nanometer scale resolution the ultrastructural alteratio

160 correlated photon pairs are generated in the nanometer scale using a nonlinear optical device for the

161 rillar aggregates at the single molecule and nanometer scale using the first exon of the Huntingtin p

162 engineer basic tessellation patterns on the nanometer scale, but it remains challenging to achieve h

163 hniques operating at the micrometer and even nanometer scale, the microstructure of soils is still co

164 and specific functional modifications on the nanometer scale.

165 providing huge electromagnetic fields on the nanometer scale.

166 normalized to fluorescence standards on the nanometer scale.

167 pools are associated with the fibrils on the nanometer scale.

168 ecies, is demonstrated experimentally at the nanometer scale.

169 inspired self-assembled architectures at the nanometer scale.

170 analysis and molecular identification on the nanometer scale.

171 microsized 2D p-n hetero-junctions at atomic/nanometer scale.

172 re the relevant microscopic processes at the nanometer scale.

173 ment across pre- and postsynaptic cells at a nanometer scale.

174 metric chemical nature of its surface at the nanometer scale.

175 ultiple scattering regime, paving the way to nanometer-scale 3D structure determination with electron

176 to biochemical or electrical signals through nanometer-scale changes in molecular conformations.

177 ture, it is unclear if a cell could also use nanometer-scale components to sense micron-scale contour

178 techniques with P-SICM to allow simultaneous nanometer-scale conductance and topography mapping.

179 rphogenesis is a multiscale process in which nanometer-scale cytoskeletal protein complexes, individu

180 Highly mobile ions and the nanometer-scale Debye length of the ionic polymer are us

181 entation of surface metrology that generates nanometer-scale digital characterizations of any surface

182 onventional fluorescence microscopy can mask nanometer-scale features.

183 Nanometer-scale ferroelectric dots and tubes have receiv

184 tational model for microtubule assembly with nanometer-scale fluorescence microscopy measurements to

185 for the advancement and implementation into nanometer-scale functional devices.

186 The characterization of nanometer-scale interactions between carbon-containing s

187 This paper reports a nanometer-scale investigation of trace element (As, Ca,

188 avelengths in the water transmission window, nanometer-scale layers of platinum are retrieved with a

189 aging and theoretical modeling elucidate the nanometer-scale mechanisms for these polymer-like phenom

190 Although individual proteins can sense nanometer-scale membrane curvature, it is unclear if a c

191 ite signaling components that segregate into nanometer-scale membrane domains.

192 cal microscopy, Lopes et al. demonstrate the nanometer-scale molecular reorganization of antagonistic

193 molecule techniques have enabled tracking of nanometer-scale movements of DNA and RNA motor proteins

194 ndeed, some mechanoreceptors can detect even nanometer-scale movements.

195 r probing the properties of 2D materials via nanometer-scale nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) spect

196 likely sites for electron trapping and thus nanometer-scale perovskite decomposition.

197 We observed nanometer-scale plasma membrane domains, known as protei

198 olution at the single molecule limit using a nanometer-scale pore.

199 Biological and solid-state nanometer-scale pores are the basis for numerous emergin

200 imitations associated with diffusion through nanometer-scale pores.

201 To dissect such networks with nanometer-scale precision, here we combine traditional b

202 ecisely place nanoantennas into devices with nanometer-scale precision.

203 a top electrode is not feasible because the nanometer-scale radius of an atomic force microscopy (AF

204 and thickness of the nanoprisms, enabled by nanometer-scale real-time microscopy in solution, shows

205 ectric materials and devices is entering the nanometer-scale regime.

206 nning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) with nanometer-scale resolution.

207 isulfide (MoS2), and quantum dot arrays with nanometer-scale spatial density by focused electron beam

208 to create large-area quantum dot arrays with nanometer-scale spatial density that allow the quantum d

209 We induce nanometer-scale surface deformation by exploiting moment

210 e combine sarcomere mechanics and micrometer-nanometer-scale X-ray diffraction from synchrotron light

211 ngoing development of PINEM using a focused, nanometer-scale, electron beam in diffraction space for

212 inserted into phospholipid membranes to form nanometer-scale-diameter pores that approximate the geom

213 size-dependent mechanical properties at the nanometer scales.

214 diffusive, persisting up to and beyond a 100-nanometer sheet length.

215 ar bipyramids ( 250-nanometer long edge, 177-nanometer short edge) into clathrate architectures.

216 anol solution into PBS produced monodisperse nanometer size assemblies.

217 g-term sampling, individual particles in the nanometer size range were observed in the exhaust aeroso

218 g the presence of selective sub-nanometer to nanometer sized defects.

219 btained by electroless-deposited Ag seeds at nanometer sized diatom frustule surface, which provides

220 Si-tip wafers feature a rectangular array of nanometer sized Si tips with (001) facet exposed among a

221 fractions of carbon, oxygen, and nitrate in nanometer-sized aerosol samples using normalized seconda

222 eneity, which may indicate that statins form nanometer-sized aggregates in the membrane.

223 uses on the study and analysis of the formed nanometer-sized by-products during the lab-scale synthes

224 mount of DNA that can be packaged inside the nanometer-sized capsids.

225 The initial, nanometer-sized connection between the plasma membrane a

226 gmented along defect zones exposing numerous nanometer-sized crystalline domains, separated by low-an

227 kable properties in confined spaces, such as nanometer-sized droplets where hundreds of water molecul

228 Particularly, this novel fabrication of a nanometer-sized electrode and its application to fast ET

229 Nanometer-sized fragments of carbon in the form of multi

230 coelastic relaxation and stress release from nanometer-sized heterogeneities.

231 l localization precision, well below the few-nanometer-sized individual protein components.

232 in the design and application of micro- and nanometer-sized materials with hollow interiors as solid

233 DC-derived exosomes (Dex) are nanometer-sized membrane vesicles that are secreted by t

234 tion imaging of chemical processes at single nanometer-sized objects.

235 is confirmed with DLS measurements in which nanometer-sized oligomers are found to be stable for up

236 btain a stable and homogeneous population of nanometer-sized particles composed of alpha-Syn and anio

237 released from iNPG, pDox spontaneously forms nanometer-sized particles in aqueous solution.

238 ing of processes leading to the formation of nanometer-sized particles is important for tailoring of

239 We also explored nanometer-sized shape-persistent macrocycles as novel mu

240 ompounds to neutrophils using biocompatible, nanometer-sized synthetic vesicles, or polymersomes, whi

241 rochemical microscope (SECM) equipped with a nanometer-sized tip was recently used to image single 10

242 several microseconds of dsDNA packing inside nanometer-sized viral capsids.

243 Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanometer-sized, membrane-bound vesicles released by cel

244 ing from the atomic and molecular scales, to nanometer sizes, and to the mesoscale.

245 e the mechanism at the microsecond time- and nanometer space- scale using MD simulations.

246 erimental limitations for the combination of nanometer spatial and nanosecond temporal resolution.

247 l grains in three-dimensional detail with 10-nanometer spatial and subangstrom displacement field res

248 on single nanoobjects and surfaces at (sub-) nanometer spatial resolution and high detection sensitiv

249 thermal motion with microsecond temporal and nanometer spatial resolution using a three-dimensional p

250 domains, and other defects in 3D detail with nanometer spatial resolution within nanocrystals and gra

251 rts-per-million chemical sensitivity and sub-nanometer spatial resolution) of twenty grain boundaries

252 l fibrils are systematically investigated at nanometer spatial resolution.

253 nanoparticles in solution, in real time with nanometer spatial resolution.

254 for non-invasive cross-sectional imaging of nanometer structures.

255 by the discovery of a polar, several hundred nanometer thick hydrated layer, created at the {010} fac

256 spin-valves (SVs) with the GaAs layer of 50 nanometers thick and top and bottom Fe electrodes deposi

257 rns from tiny 3D crystals only a few hundred nanometers thick in a frozen-hydrated state.

258 lity allowed processing by spin-coating into nanometer-thick films.

259 A 28-nanometer-thick gold foil with a sheet resistance of 7 o

260 oliated in humidified air and covered with a nanometer-thick water adlayer to suppress airborne conta

261 In the few-nanometers-thick epitaxial oxide films, atomic-scale str

262 layer; above the exchange length, just a few nanometers thicker, the soft layer moments turn in-plane

263 tive filaments in a material medium with sub-nanometer thickness formed through the oxidation of atom

264 ore-based thin film material (of hundreds of nanometer thickness) for simultaneous voltammetric multi

265 ere, we demonstrate large area Germanium Tin nanometer thin films grown on highly flexible aluminum f

266 is locking of the spin state is achieved for nanometer thin films of this complex in two distinct way

267 is approach to study covalently end-grafted, nanometer-thin brushes of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), a

268 arrier to the phase-segregated Mo and allows nanometer-thin Mo2 C to be grown.

269 ely determine the full dielectric tensors of nanometer-thin molybdenum disulfide and hexagonal boron

270 ts of water exposure on the interaction of a nanometer-thin polyacrylic acid (PAA) layer with a nativ

271 boxylesterase structure on the hydrolysis of nanometer-thin polyester films using a quartz-crystal mi

272 it to a mode cross-section of a few tens of nanometers, thus generating a nonlinear response so stro

273 such pore spaces may vary significantly (sub-nanometer to microns) depending on ambient physical and

274 lity of atomically thin materials at the sub-nanometer to nanometer scale over technologically releva

275 es, indicating the presence of selective sub-nanometer to nanometer sized defects.

276 e is that nanodiscs of different sizes, from nanometer to sub-micrometer diameter, can be produced by

277 through pore with diameter ranging from sub-nanometer to tens of nanometers, in the center of large

278 merates that span length scales from tens of nanometers to atomic clusters with a median size of 30-6

279 tivity spans over broad spatial scales, from nanometers to centimeters.

280 ly on their size, and particles ranging from nanometers to micrometers are used in different applicat

281 y occur at multispatial scales, ranging from nanometers to micrometers.

282 cs calculations that span length scales from nanometers to micrometers.

283 ize by two orders of magnitude, from tens of nanometers to microns.

284 f Li2S films ranging in thickness from a few nanometers to several micrometers at rates over 2 nm min

285 large range of length scales - from tens of nanometers to tens of micrometers - using photoactivatab

286 microreactors in the range from hundreds of nanometers to tens of micrometers.

287 uators, highlighting approaches suitable for nanometer- to centimeter-scale robotic applications.

288 terference contrast microscopy combined with nanometer tracking to simultaneously study the translati

289 xcess kinetic energy, resulting in up to 230 nanometers transport distance that could overcome grain

290 D imaging of phase reaction processes on the nanometer-ultrafast time scale opens new venues for engi

291 large length polydispersity (several tens of nanometers up to centimeters) and heterogeneous electric

292 re separated by distances of several tens of nanometers, we can excite and interrogate single NCs ind

293 ns falls to the order of tens to hundreds of nanometers whereas the membrane thickness is only a few

294 y insensitive to size shifts of only several nanometers, which are common during conjugate formation.

295 rest-neighbor, at separations of hundreds of nanometers, while microwave resonators can extend the en

296 stence of highly conductive regions (tens of nanometers wide) near the terrace edges.

297 Formation of a nanometer-wide gap between tip and substrate electrodes

298 osphatidylcholine lipid bilayer, we observed nanometer-wide stress pulses, propagating very efficient

299 with average particle sizes from 0.9 to 1.4 nanometers, with tight size distributions.

300 or footprint containing all components to 40 nanometers within the next decade.