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1 hat is a 28-fold improvement compared to the natural ligand.
2 t to the use of protein agonists such as its natural ligand.
3 , as compared with billions of years for the natural ligand.
4 e established primarily because of lack of a natural ligand.
5 xpression of gD in the absence of a cellular natural ligand.
6 a synthetic ligand, and leukotriene B(4), a natural ligand.
7 f selective ligands or identification of its natural ligand.
8 ctively blocked CR3 signaling initiated by a natural ligand.
9 veral binding orientations described for the natural ligand.
10 wth factor receptor (EGFR) compared with its natural ligand.
11 e alkyl chain and the glycerol moiety of the natural ligand.
12 mall-molecule agonists that do not mimic the natural ligand.
13 t gD has on the interaction of HVEM with its natural ligands.
14 est affinity for HVEM compared with the four natural ligands.
15 new insights regarding channel mechanism and natural ligands.
16 ion, then stabilized in each case by unknown natural ligands.
17 gentless biosensors to detect natural or non-natural ligands.
18 anscription in response to both man-made and natural ligands.
19 also to deorphanize GPCRs with unidentified natural ligands.
20 function is limited by a lack of identified natural ligands.
21 ed transcription and binding when exposed to natural ligands.
22 mplying sustained activation of PPARalpha by natural ligands.
23 needed to positively modify the affinity of natural ligands.
24 iniscent of the interactions of Pvr with its natural ligands.
25 f multivalent binding of both artificial and natural ligands.
26 ted by the regulatory mechanisms that act on natural ligands.
27 ghts into interactions between CXCR4 and its natural ligands.
28 han nuclear receptor with currently no known natural ligands.
32 tion was a decrease in the expression of the natural ligand 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2).
33 is study, we demonstrate that the PPAR gamma natural ligand (15-deoxyprostaglandin J(2)) and a synthe
34 parable binding affinities for ERbeta as the natural ligand 17beta-estradiol but are >100-fold select
36 g motifs in the presence of two ligands, the natural ligand 1alpha,25(OH)(2)D(3) and a synthetic, non
38 the vitamin D nuclear receptor (VDR) and its natural ligand, 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) [1alpha,
40 nessing the cellular uptake and transport of natural ligands across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) has
41 of prostate cancer cell surface GRP78 by its natural ligand, activated alpha(2)-macroglobulin (alpha(
42 inflammatory actions on stimulation with its natural ligand alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone.
43 between the D3 T-cell receptor (TCR) and its natural ligand, an HIV peptide bound to a HLA-A0201 (HLA
44 ral is the cation-pi interaction between the natural ligand and a tryptophan residue in the aromatic
45 ify a mechanism through which the receptor's natural ligand and GM1 may protect against toxic intrace
46 ive ligand for Sn that is an analogue of the natural ligand and is capable of targeting liposomal nan
47 interaction of Fc epsilon RI alpha with its natural ligand and thus to prevent a primary step in the
48 volved the specificity of BM3h away from its natural ligand and toward dopamine, producing sensors wi
50 s, recognize and bind to RGD motifs on their natural ligands and also may be candidate receptors for
51 function in two ways, by competing with the natural ligands and by downregulating HVEM from the cell
53 the current state of the field regarding the natural ligands and molecular factors required for posit
55 d ENMs, leaving open the question of whether natural ligands and seasonal variation will mitigate ENM
56 echnology to measure directly the binding of natural ligands and small molecules to the chemokine rec
58 in occupies the same position as that of the natural ligand, and the hydrogen bonds with histidines 3
59 To study the relationship between HveA, its natural ligands, and the viral proteins involved in HSV
60 within human bone marrow, in addition to its natural ligands, and this transactivation is dependent o
62 ansmembrane-spanning receptors for which the natural ligands are large, heterodimeric glycoprotein ho
63 he protein's signaling function and that the natural ligands are probably (polyunsaturated) fatty aci
64 suggested that self GPI anchors are the main natural ligand associated with mouse CD1d molecules.
65 by CD1 molecules, we have characterized the natural ligands associated with mouse CD1d1 as well as h
66 eralgesic effect was mimicked by SFLLRN, the natural ligand at PAR-1 binding sites, but not SLIGRL-am
67 cture of TM1088A, which contains a bound AMP natural ligand at the characteristic GXGXXG nucleotide b
69 n this paper, we show that both P2X4 and its natural ligand, ATP, are enriched in lysosomes of COS1 a
70 study, we show that ligation of CD28 by its natural ligand B7-1/CD80, induces tyrosine phosphorylati
71 Since farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and its natural ligands bile acids (such as chenodeoxycholic aci
72 ner that is quite different from the way the natural ligands bind to the same receptors and direct no
73 a provide support for a common mechanism for natural ligand binding and activation of family B G prot
75 s clear insights into the molecular basis of natural ligand binding and supplies testable hypotheses
76 alpha with 9-cis-retinoic acid (9-cis-RA), a natural ligand binding to the classical ligand-binding p
79 tightly binding complex between XL35 and its natural ligand but, instead, to create a very stable pro
80 we demonstrated that ligation of CD28 by its natural ligand, but not by Ab, induced polarization of L
81 ptor (hMC4R) with an affinity similar to its natural ligands, but had a markedly reduced ability to a
83 ceptor superfamily, by agonist antibodies or natural ligand, can serve as an effective anti-tumor the
86 f galectin-ligand interactions is that their natural ligands comprise a heterogeneous collection of g
87 ands that compete for binding to T3 with its natural ligand could form a novel class of antiviral dru
88 about the interactions between CXCR4 and its natural ligand CXCL12, and with the HIV-1 glycoprotein g
89 cess that can be antagonized by its putative natural ligand, desmosterol (and possibly cholesterol).
97 expressed receptor was phosphorylated by its natural ligand, EphrinB2, and signaled via the protein k
98 we have demonstrated a role for EGFR and its natural ligand, epiregulin (EREG), in pain processing.
99 in vivo the Fas receptor is activated by its natural ligand, Fas-L, whereas anti-Fas antibodies are n
101 proceeded to test whether alphav integrins' natural ligands fibronectin and vitronectin had an effec
102 structurally distinct synthetic mimic of the natural ligand, flavin mononucleotide, to repress ribosw
104 ceptor for a murine PSG as well as the first natural ligand for a member of the tetraspanin superfami
105 ently that MCH has been discovered to be the natural ligand for a previously "orphan" G-protein-coupl
107 rihexosylceramide (iGb3), is the first known natural ligand for both human and mouse iNKT cells, whos
109 st 2-AG, rather than anandamide, is the true natural ligand for cannabinoid receptors and the key end
111 CXCR4 receptor desensitization induced by a natural ligand for CD4, IL-16, is distinct from the inhi
113 K10.6), which mimics the binding of CD100 (a natural ligand for CD72) to release the inhibitory funct
114 ction with target cells and identify it as a natural ligand for CD74, which has been implicated previ
117 s with stromal-derived factor 1 (SDF-1), the natural ligand for CXCR4, for cellular binding and block
118 c effect of stromal-derived factor-1alpha, a natural ligand for CXCR4, further establishing a correla
121 ubiquitous component of the diet, may be the natural ligand for dietary aluminum and may prevent its
122 1-phosphate (S1P) is a sphingolipid and the natural ligand for five G protein-coupled receptors (S1P
127 nstruct, together with thymus leukemia Ag (a natural ligand for mCD8alpha), resulted in reduced level
135 with a diameter of 15-30 nm; asialofetuin, a natural ligand for the asialoglycoprotein receptor, inhi
136 cell-derived factor-1alpha (SDF-1alpha), the natural ligand for the CXCR4 G-coupled receptor, has bee
138 edominantly from the stomach, ghrelin is the natural ligand for the growth hormone secretagogue recep
139 ncentrating hormone (hMCH) is a nonselective natural ligand for the human melanin-concentrating hormo
140 the murine hepatitis virus spike protein, a natural ligand for the N-domain of CEACAM1, inhibited th
141 elta(12,14) prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) is a natural ligand for the peroxisome proliferator-activated
142 nity CD22 glycan ligands and outcompetes the natural ligand for the receptor, resulting in single mol
143 nd controls following incubation with CpG, a natural ligand for TLR9, and determined the basal and st
144 Oxysterols have recently been identified as natural ligands for a G protein-coupled receptor called
145 2 loop that mimics structures present in the natural ligands for alpha4beta7, suggesting that alpha4b
147 These results establish cyclophilins as natural ligands for CD147 and suggest an unusual, rotama
150 controls neutrophil chemotactic responses to natural ligands for CXCR2 and regulates the magnitude of
152 f Treg cell function, in which synthetic and natural ligands for human TLR8 can reverse Treg cell fun
153 tabolites, predominantly the oxysterols, the natural ligands for liver X receptor (LXR), induced thes
154 cells,T cells and activated macrophages.The natural ligands for murine NKG2D are distant major histo
156 nnabinoids are lipid molecules that serve as natural ligands for the cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB
165 agement of CD66b, but not CD66a, by mAb or a natural ligand, galectin-3, activated a Src kinase famil
166 ers, understanding of the molecular basis of natural ligand GLP1 binding to its intact receptor remai
167 rently with responsiveness to the endogenous natural ligand, gonadotropin releasing hormone, and an a
169 ence (arginine-glycine-aspartic acid) of the natural ligands; however, the RGD-mimetic antagonists fo
171 stressin2-B, the agonists stressin1, and the natural ligands human Ucn1, Ucn2, and Ucn3) were determi
172 4 through Ab cross-linking or binding to its natural ligands hyaluronan and osteopontin induced NKT c
174 tion of complement receptor 2 (CR2) with its natural ligands iC3b and C3d are still not well understo
176 determine whether signaling through CD4 by a natural ligand, IL-16, could alter cellular responsivene
178 ogen receptor phosphorylation induced by the natural ligand in estrogen receptor's cellular distribut
179 e fraction <3 kDaA reflect the importance of natural ligands in controlling the concentrations of Ag
181 r with recombinant human CD100 (rCD100), its natural ligand, induced the phosphorylation of CD72 with
185 ntrol, and reporter assays indicate that its natural ligand is present even when cells are grown in d
186 ceptor is a G-protein-coupled receptor whose natural ligand is the NOP/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) peptide.
187 SMM-chemokines, unlike neuroprotective CCR5 natural ligands, leads to neurotoxicity by activating a
188 f interaction between the cell receptor, its natural ligand LT-alpha and gD, the virus-specific prote
189 bility to interfere with HveA binding to its natural ligand LT-alpha, we found that BP-1 inhibited th
190 ice with agonistic anti-LTbR antibody or the natural ligand lymphotoxin-alpha1beta2, increased Ccl5 m
191 mokine receptors observed in response to two natural ligands, macrophage-inflammatory protein-1alpha
192 AG binds small hydrophobic ligands, that the natural ligand may be a polyunsaturated fatty acid, and
193 ific Ca(2+)-dependent binding to immobilized natural ligands, no specific binding of either factor H
194 resumably substituting for a higher affinity natural ligand, occupying an apolar groove between its a
195 ein-coupled receptor whose activation by its natural ligand octopamine leads to rapid and transient i
196 recently reported that cellular Beclin1 is a natural ligand of 2C and that it is involved in the auto
197 ain extracts and the characterization of the natural ligand of a particular orphan GPCR (SLC-1) that
206 ther IgE, a high-affinity, non-cross-linking natural ligand of FcepsilonRI, could be used to target A
208 It has been shown that the binding of C1q, a natural ligand of gC1qR, on T cells inhibits their proli
210 how abnormal distribution of E-cadherin, the natural ligand of KLRG1, in the intestinal mucosa; and h
212 tructural changes in LCA, and so it may be a natural ligand of MDM2 and MDM4, raising the possibility
213 hat inhibiting the release of glutamate (the natural ligand of mGlu1 receptors), results in a decreas
215 tal muscles have the capacity to produce the natural ligand of MR, aldosterone, which in excess is kn
216 emarkable success of retinoic acid (RA), the natural ligand of RARalpha, in the treatment of APL, has
219 dogenous compounds, like 20-hydroxyecdysone (natural ligand of the ecdysone receptor, EcR), methyl fa
220 of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) gene, a natural ligand of the EGFR, may play a role in the genes
223 d the effect of 22-(R)-hydroxycholesterol, a natural ligand of the liver X receptor (LXR), and the LX
228 splays limited expression in normal tissues, natural ligands of CCK2R were recently explored for use
229 1alpha, MIP-1beta, and RANTES chemokines are natural ligands of CCR5 and are known to interfere with
231 y, soluble anti-CD36 antibodies, but not the natural ligands of CD36, inhibit release of virions from
237 cidate a novel mechanism of the signaling by natural ligands of PPARs, which involves modulating the
241 n-1alpha (MIP-1alpha), and MIP-1beta are the natural ligands of the HIV-1 coreceptor CCR5 and compete
245 1 (HIV-1) can be profoundly inhibited by the natural ligands of two major HIV-1 coreceptors, CXCR4 an
247 lastic cells expressing KIT activated by its natural ligand or by RT activating mutations such as gas
248 between truncated P- and L-selectin to their natural ligand, P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1
250 two out of around 100,000 per cell, by their natural ligands (peptide-MHC complexes or epitopes on an
251 fin unsaturation required for potency in the natural ligand PGF(2)(alpha) yet retain binding affinity
252 )2D3 and 1,25(OH)2D3 similar to those of the natural ligands, predicting good binding to the receptor
254 in the expression of both PPAR-gamma and its natural ligand-producing enzyme 12/15-lipoxygenase (12/1
255 athway through which the recently identified natural ligand, prosaposin, promotes plasma membrane ass
256 rugs of the thiazolidinedione class, and the natural ligand prostaglandin J2 act as agonists for PPAR
257 stigated whether stimulation of NKG2D by the natural ligand RAE1epsilon was able to costimulate effec
261 evel of CD22 expression following binding of natural ligand(s) may affect its ability to modulate the
262 ficantly impact receptor activity, hence the natural ligands(s) of HM74a/PUMA-G remain to be elucidat
263 we found that the activation of S1P1 by its natural ligand S1P, acting as a paracrine signal, contri
266 more, activation of S1P receptors with their natural ligand, S1P, as well as pharmacological ligands
270 ibitors, pathway-selective cAMP analogs, and natural ligands stimulating PKA activity in SCs, such as
271 functionality mimics the 3-keto group of the natural ligand testosterone and is involved in H-bonding
274 actor (TNF) receptor family member with four natural ligands that either stimulate (LIGHT and LTalpha
277 ction of gD with HVEM affects the binding of natural ligands, thereby modulating the immune response
279 s that this heme utilizes plastoquinone as a natural ligand, thus defining an electron transfer compl
287 onises Nrp1 interaction with one of its main natural ligands, vascular endothelial growth factor-A (V
288 2 (VEGFR2) in a region overlapping with its natural ligand VEGFA, and VEGFR2 was required for decori
289 r sites mediating different functions of the natural ligand versus the viral or synthetic ligands has
290 sed as targets to identify and isolate their natural ligands via the application of the "orphan recep
295 ess TIM-3 and that blocking signals from its natural ligand with a mAb results in more severe lesions
296 icity of CTLA-4 inhibition of MAPKs by using natural ligand with ex vivo-purified CD4(+) T cells defi
298 ng CTLA-4 has been limited by sharing of its natural ligands with the costimulatory protein CD28.
299 rg-Gly-Asp integrin recognition motif of the natural ligand within the third complementarity-determin
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