ライフサイエンスコーパス: nectar

1 e brood) and foraging (collecting pollen and nectar).

2 ectar whereas lumichrome is unique to kanuka nectar.

3 method has been tested on red wine and fruit nectar.

4 tinoid concentrations in flowers, pollen, or nectar.

5 with no additional benefit offered by agave nectar.

6 a, uses dynamic erectile papillae to collect nectar.

7 lant species that invest in large volumes of nectar.

8 n of their primary source of energy - floral nectar.

9 of development and secrete reduced levels of nectar.

10 ding to natural food of the bees: pollen and nectar.

11 erring other flower visitors, or by stealing nectar.

12 accumulation of free fatty acids within the nectar.

13 s predictors of nutritional rewards, such as nectar.

14 up to 771 ppb in pollen and up to 561 ppb in nectar.

15 he evolution of powerful fliers that feed on nectar.

16 aroma active compounds of PEF-treated peach nectar.

17 an Association of the Industry of Juices and Nectars.

18 bserved when sucrose was consumed with berry nectars.

19 lactic acid are present in manuka and kanuka nectars.

20 lated genomes that evolved relatively dilute nectars.

21 found in Australian Leptospermum honeys and nectars.

22 The caffeine content in coffee nectar (1.64 mg kg(-1)) was approximately 8-fold lower t

23 pomegranate juice (319.83+/-9.45), red grape nectar (1093.05+/-18.69), Don Simon orange juice (632.94

24 ed as purees) or blackcurrant or lingonberry nectars (300 mL), each with 35 g added sucrose.

25 the average sugar content (w/w) was 17.93% (nectar), 47.03% (honey sac) and 79.63% (honey).

26 We conclude that alkaloids in Aconitum spp. nectar affect rates of both pollinator visitation and ro

27 Does the presence of N in nectar affect the capacity of bats to discriminate and s

28 ing 12months of frozen storage, and in butia nectar after a 3-month storage period.

29 any outcome were found when comparing agave nectar against placebo.

30 bbers, but visits correlated negatively with nectar alkaloid concentration and declined sharply betwe

31 uggesting that robbers were less tolerant of nectar alkaloids.

32 NECTAR also identifies functionally equivalent amino aci

33 space of four common fungi and bacteria in a nectar analog.

34 Both raw nectar and heterologously expressed JNP1 displayed lipas

35 ars of large-herbivore exclusion reduced the nectar and housing provided by plants to ants, increasin

36 Honey is synthesized from flower nectar and it is famous for its tremendous therapeutic p

37 They typically contain nectar and often strongly influence pollinator specifici

38 = .06 for cough bothersomeness), with agave nectar and placebo proving to be superior to no treatmen

39 Nectar and pollen collected by honey bees are processed

40 e as a function of experience; specifically, nectar and pollen collection led to quick changes in abu

41 Nectar and pollen contain diverse phytochemicals that ca

42 zed exposure of the different life stages to nectar and pollen contaminated with pesticide for 30 day

43 o phenomena are closely interlinked and that nectar and pollen feeding by adult herbivores can have a

44 on actual herbivory by larval stages, while nectar and pollen feeding by adult herbivores has been a

45 th the strongest changes in association with nectar and pollen foraging.

46 of a flower-visiting bee that collects both nectar and pollen from an early spring flower visited by

47 Through direct consumption of contaminated nectar and pollen from treated plants, neonicotinoids ca

48 es because they occur at trace levels in the nectar and pollen of crop plants.

49 er the astonishingly low levels found in the nectar and pollen of plants is sufficient to deliver neu

50 concentrations are subsequently found in the nectar and pollen of the crop, which are then collected

51 Analysis of nectar and pollen stores from bumblebee colonies placed

52 Honey bees feed on floral nectar and pollen that they store in their colonies as h

53 es acquire the colony's food by foraging for nectar and pollen, and the younger "nurse" bees feed lar

54 nificant portion of their lives transporting nectar and pollen, often carrying loads equivalent to mo

55 ct on pollinators when they appear in floral nectar and pollen.

56 icotinoid pesticide that bees can consume in nectar and pollen.

57 y on plant-provided food supplements such as nectar and pollen.

58 for predatory arthropods such as extrafloral nectar and protein bodies provide indirect plant defence

59 Both nectar and scent are highly variable in native populatio

60 er dihydroxyacetone in HPLC of underivatized nectar and showed a UV absorbance maximum of 258 nm.

61 Microbes commonly inhabit floral nectar and the common species differ in volatile profile

62 ing plants, could be solved by not producing nectar and/or scent, thereby cheating pollinators.

63 e this food synergism, papaya and strawberry nectars and their respective blends (25P:75S, 50P:50S, 7

64 ion of Nectarin I (a superoxide dismutase in nectar), and the expression of NOX1, a putative gene for

65 ion to honey, an odour cue related to floral nectar, and do not respond to human scent in the absence

66 tions of floral odor, but scent composition, nectar, and flower reflectance are distinct between the

67 ng annotations by a shared genomic location, NECTAR annotates variants of interest with details of pr

68 on and prevention of microbial growth within nectar are briefly discussed.

69 Antioxidants in nectar are scarce to nonexistent.

70 sive transfer of pollen onto the bird and by nectar as primary reward [1, 2].

71 Nicotiana attenuata, with some producing no nectar at all, uncorrelated with the tobacco's main flor

72 Floral scents and nectar attract both pollinators and other animals that m

73 ion and robbery but may have co-evolved with nectar availability to maintain the fitness benefits of

74 ecreases floral resources, thence per-capita nectar availability, which determines fecundity in the l

75 of floral cues that more accurately indicate nectar availability.

76 spectacular exception: a recently-described nectar bat that can extend its tongue twice as far as th

77 oraces, and abdomens, obtained from diverse, nectar-bearing plants.

78 se oviposition by a hawkmoth herbivore, with nectar being more influential than scent.

79 ference for the most concentrated sugar-only nectar but changed to be indifferent when nectar contain

80 These inducers are primarily found not in nectar but in pollen in the case of p-coumaric acid (a m

81 aradoxical" because bats prefer concentrated nectar, but paradox disappears with realistic assumption

82 Plant defense compounds occur in floral nectar, but their ecological role is not well understood

83 this case, by the provision of extra-floral nectar by one of the plant species.

84 er, prior studies showed variable effects of nectar chemicals on infection, which could reflect varia

85 NECTAR collates disease-causing variants and functionall

86 had seven times greater concentrations than nectar collected by bees (0.94 +/- 0.09 ppb).

87 a valuable tool for investigating pollen and nectar collection.

88 nectary types strongly differ in morphology, nectar composition and mode of secretion, and defense st

89 to decide how much to consume per meal when nectar concentration is highly variable: they did not.

90 Taste, a cue to nectar concentration, is available to nectarivores durin

91 nectar pattern, moving from higher to lower nectar concentration.

92 inappropriately, and cannot predict observed nectar concentrations of bat flowers or negative correla

93 he relationship between proboscis length and nectar consumption (fly benefit) and corolla length and

94 rink consumption were adjusted for juice and nectar consumption and vice versa.

95 Juice and nectar consumption might be associated with a modest dec

96 Juice and nectar consumption was inversely associated with pancrea

97 ificially sweetened soft drink and juice and nectar consumption) and pancreatic cancer risk.

98 Soybean flowers, cotton pollen, and cotton nectar contained little or no neonicotinoids resulting f

99 ly nectar but changed to be indifferent when nectar contained N, and (iii) L. yerbabuenae preferred d

100 lia flowers produce an opaque, white colored nectar containing spherical, lipophilic particles approx

101 When adults feed on nectar containing the average concentration of all pesti

102 nce within the plant-ant community from this nectar-dependent mutualist to an antagonistic species th

103 sion) which we show is due to a Leptospermum nectar-derived compound, leptosperin.

104 Caffeine concentrations in nectar did not exceed the bees' bitter taste threshold,

105 s: Do bats select N-containing or sugar-only nectar differently based on bats' N nutritional status?

106 ing larger quantities or higher qualities of nectar diminishes as magnitudes of the physical stimuli

107 Nectar drinkers must feed quickly and efficiently due to

108 We identify three nectar drinking techniques: active suction, capillary su

109 Plants secrete extrafloral nectar (EFN) as an induced defense against herbivores.

110 nated by hummingbirds or bats produce dilute nectars even though these animals prefer more concentrat

111 disappears with realistic assumptions about nectar evolution.

112 we show that lower quality, or more dilute, nectars evolve when the strength of preferring larger qu

113 ent experiments revealed that plants use the nectar extraction capacity of tropical hummingbirds, a p

114 w that hummingbirds with long bills and high nectar extraction efficiency engaged in daily movements

115 ion enabled hummingbirds to perceive and use nectar, facilitating the massive radiation of hummingbir

116 ance were seen in bees that either flew to a nectar feeder or a pollen feeder, but did not yet collec

117 tor, raising questions about how specialized nectar feeders such as hummingbirds sense sugars.

118 conclusions from capillarity-based models of nectar feeding and highlight the necessity of developing

119 During nectar feeding, blood vessels within the tongue tip beco

120 We suggest that nectar feeding, the use of PPP, and intense exercise are

121 Nectar-feeding animals have among the highest recorded m

122 Here, we show that a nectar-feeding bat, Glossophaga soricina, uses dynamic e

123 of G. soricina, together with the tongues of nectar-feeding bees and hummingbirds, which also have dy

124 selective pressures, is illustrated well by nectar-feeding birds, but the morphological, behavioral,

125 served octenol receptor gene in the strictly nectar-feeding elephant mosquito Toxorhynchites amboinen

126 eptor is operating has diverged in blood and nectar-feeding mosquitoes.

127 ," five endemic species of recently extinct, nectar-feeding songbirds in the genera Moho and Chaetopt

128 netic approach, we found significantly lower nectar, floral and leaf nicotine concentrations in outcr

129 onstitutive organs with continuous merocrine nectar flow, nectary appearance, nectar production, and

130 butterflies vs. flowering of their potential nectar food plants (days per degrees C) across space and

131 ave investigated the role of plant toxins in nectar for defense against nectar robbers [4, 9, 10].

132 The caffeine content in the nectar from coffee flowers was measured by high performa

133 These included pollen from corn and cotton, nectar from cotton, flowers from soybean, honey bees, Ap

134 evolved highly specialized tongues to gather nectar from flowers.

135 amino acid relative abundance present in the nectar from plants they typically encounter in nature?

136 Alternatively, such compounds could protect nectar from robbers [2], provided that they do not signi

137 ndance of 17 amino acids found in the floral nectar from the main plant species visited by these bats

138 as isolated from a preparation of the floral nectar from the New Zealand manuka tree (Leptospermum sc

139 c Schiedea kaalae and S. hookeri and removed nectar from their unique tubular nectary extensions.

140 Although nectar function and composition have been characterized,

141 s generate antioxidant potential by shunting nectar glucose to the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), r

142 ify a MIXTA-like R2R3 MYB gene that controls nectar guide formation in M. lewisii flowers, which invo

143 anthocyanin production in the petal lobe and nectar guide, respectively.

144 ion of several proteins secreted into floral nectars has been described in recent years.

145 es of Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.) nectar, honey sac content and honey were analyzed by FTI

146 say (ELISA) quantified clothianidin in leaf, nectar, honey, and bee bread at organic and seed-treated

147 amples of herbal honeys and three samples of nectar honeys.

148 Floral rewards such as nectar, however, are dynamic, and foraging animals will

149 e unaffected by the 3-month storage of butia nectar; however, flavonoid content and antioxidant poten

150 nhibition of most microbial growth in floral nectar; however, this obstacle can be overcome by the fl

151 trimental effects on nutrient value of fruit nectars; however, combining fruit nectars prior to proce

152 Nachev et al present dilute nectar in bat-pollinated plants as "paradoxical" because

153 but A. lycoctonum was more likely to secrete nectar in each flower and was also visited more frequent

154 Both scent and nectar increase outcrossing rates for three, separately

155 ral trait values, including corolla size and nectar, increased linearly with increasing water availab

156 We manipulated dispersal of nectar-inhabiting bacteria and yeasts via flower-visitin

157 Nectar was sampled for the presence of nectar-inhabiting microbes.

158 Using nectar-inhabiting microorganisms as a model system, we p

159 Nectar-inhabiting microorganisms produce volatile compou

160 ty of developing a new biophysical model for nectar intake in hummingbirds.

161 NECTAR is a database and web application to annotate dis

162 Toxic nectar is an ecological paradox [1, 2].

163 ring the first 30 min after anthesis (before nectar is depleted in wild populations), whereas other f

164 Mad honey from Rhododendron ponticum nectar is produced in a large quantity in the western Bl

165 Whereas nectar is stored in the abdomen near the bee's center of

166 Chemical defense of nectar is, however, ultimately constrained by pollinator

167 s are largely produced by the evaporation of nectar itself, they represent condition-informative cues

168 t is proposed that JNP1 hydrolyzes Jacaranda nectar lipids with the concomitant release of free fatty

169 We applied simulated pollen or nectar loads of equal mass to Bombus impatiens bumblebee

170 Typical plant nectar markers can be used to check monofloral honey lab

171 t of available carbohydrate in the berry and nectar meals, because of the natural sugars present in b

172 similar to concentrations in Thymus vulgaris nectar (mean 5.2 ppm).

173 nd the presence of such substances in floral nectar means that pollinators often encounter them when

174 e by combining vegetation surveys and direct nectar measurements.

175 haracterize the volatiles produced by common nectar microbes and examine their influence on pollinato

176 sults showed that: (i) bats did not consider nectar N content regardless of their N nutritional condi

177 NECTAR (Non-synonymous Enriched Coding muTation ARchive)

178 ne the presence of fungi and bacteria in the nectar of a coflowering plant community, characterize th

179 Nectar of both plant species contained similar concentra

180 pecten (Cactaceae) over those present in the nectar of Ceiba aesculifolia (Bombacaceae).

181 ded with caffeine, which occurs naturally in nectar of Coffea and Citrus species, were three times as

182 The nectar of L. japonicus flowers was also found to contain

183 in IV (NEC4) protein that accumulates in the nectar of ornamental tobacco plants (Nicotiana langsdorf

184 the taste of the amino acids present in the nectar of Pachycereus pecten (Cactaceae) over those pres

185 is also found in lower concentrations in the nectar of some plants, even though nectar, unlike leaves

186 t distinct proteins secreted into the floral nectar of the tropical tree Jacaranda mimosifolia (Bigno

187 nicotinoids are also found in the pollen and nectar of wildflowers growing in arable field margins, a

188 presence of 13 potential marker compounds in nectars of the major honey crop species.

189 While the sweetest nectar offers the greatest energetic rewards, the sharp

190 ions of the presence of N and amino acids in nectar on bats' foraging decisions.

191 nd lingonberries, as either whole berries or nectars, optimize the postprandial metabolic responses t

192 edispositions of some bees to collect either nectar or pollen, but not both.

193 Bumblebees responded strongly to the nectar pattern, moving from higher to lower nectar conce

194 and is the poorest with respect to amount of nectar per unit area and diversity of nectar sources.

195 habitats that produce the greatest amount of nectar per unit area from the most diverse sources, wher

196 In a comparison of agave nectar, placebo, and no treatment, a placebo effect was

197 A single dose of agave nectar, placebo, or no treatment administered 30 minutes

198 prior evening) and the next day (when agave nectar, placebo, or no treatment had been administered t

199 ons to postulate about the likely impacts on nectar, pollen and fruit resource availability and the c

200 we tested nine phytochemicals ubiquitous in nectar, pollen, or propolis, as well as five synthetic x

201 rging evidence that the flowering phenology, nectar/pollen production, and fruit production of long-l

202 Botanical origin of the nectar predominantly affects the chemical composition of

203 unities for post-harvest uses: fruit salads, nectar preparation, jams and jellies, or export.

204 e of fruit nectars; however, combining fruit nectars prior to processing can result in synergistic ou

205 High expression of AMP genes in nectar-processing tissues suggests that these peptides m

206 sistent with their foraging for extra-floral nectar produced by the faba bean.

207 s demonstrate the benefits of blending fruit nectars; producing a superior product than either fruit

208 We show that SWEET9 is essential for nectar production and can function as an efflux transpor

209 Nectar production declined with increasing flower height

210 By silencing benzylacetone biosynthesis and nectar production in all combinations by RNAi, we experi

211 on level is positively correlated with total nectar production in Arabidopsis, and whose function is

212 the importance of research into the cost of nectar production in future studies into ant-flower inte

213 the results strongly suggest that declining nectar production in higher flowers is an adaptation to

214 or N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA) reduced nectar production in wild-type plants by more than twofo

215 Further, exogenous auxin treatment increased nectar production more than tenfold in wild-type plants,

216 finely adjusted to the floral morphology and nectar production of the flower.

217 n more than tenfold in wild-type plants, but nectar production was not increased in pin6 mutants when

218 s merocrine nectar flow, nectary appearance, nectar production, and flow.

219 as an important factor in the regulation of nectar production, and implicate short stamens in the ma

220 enance of animal blood glucose levels, plant nectar production, and plant seed and pollen development

221 e N-terminal sequence of the major Jacaranda nectar protein, JNP1, at 43 kDa contained similarity wit

222 n of flavonoid metabolic genes as well as of nectar proteins (nectarins); however, the myb305 plants

223 the basic properties of honey including the nectar-providing plant species, bee species, geographic

224 asslands could add substantially to national nectar provision if they were managed to increase floral

225 species accounting for over 50% of national nectar provision in 2007.

226 between the 1930s and 1970s; however, total nectar provision in Great Britain as a whole had stabili

227 Hydrogen peroxide produced from the nectar redox cycle was shown to be a major factor contri

228 ociate floral scent with a reward containing nectar-relevant concentrations of IMD and TMX and tested

229 pears or even turns into attraction at lower nectar-relevant concentrations.

230 ation upon heat treatment and storage, butia nectar remained rich in phenolics, especially (-)-epicat

231 wider ecological significance of caffeinated nectar remains difficult to interpret.

232 tiles (night emissions of benzylacetone) and nectar requires JA-Ile/COR perception through COI1; and

233 ed the plume from Datura wrightii flowers, a nectar resource for Manduca sexta moths, and show that t

234 ps, pesticides, and fertilizers; (b) loss of nectar resources from flowering plants; and (c) degraded

235 We find evidence for substantial losses in nectar resources in England and Wales between the 1930s

236 sexta and the floral traits of two important nectar resources in southwestern USA, Datura wrightii an

237 y key odorants from flowers of two important nectar resources, the desert plants Datura wrightii and

238 rough olfactory conditioning--to visit other nectar resources.

239 nd reward pollinators with floral scents and nectar, respectively, but these traits can also incur fi

240 We found that nectar reward differed across genders and colour morphs.

241 s information (often correlated with reduced nectar reward) and can be specifically triggered by poll

242 onspicuous gynoecium surrounded by prominent nectar reward, organized in structurally similar compoun

243 ed, females and hermaphrodites had different nectar reward, with intermediate morphs being midway bet

244 00 ppm above-ambient CO(2) at anthesis, when nectar rewards are richest.

245 l bees in particular must collect pollen and nectar rewards to survive, but most workers appear to mi

246 s between flower gender and colour morphs in nectar rewards.

247 f plant toxins in nectar for defense against nectar robbers [4, 9, 10].

248 We measured nectar's sugar content in the sexually trimorphic Gerani

249 ariations in both sugar and water content in nectar samples.

250 starch metabolism is intimately involved in nectar secretion and is strongly regulated during normal

251 on have been characterized, the mechanism of nectar secretion has remained unclear.

252 eudicots and contributed to the evolution of nectar secretion to reward pollinators.

253 compartments, cells, and organs, notably in nectar secretion, phloem loading for long distance trans

254 NADPH oxidase activity) was coordinated with nectar secretion, the expression of Nectarin I (a supero

255 y roles in phloem loading, seed filling, and nectar secretion, whereas the role of archaeal, bacteria

256 is, in phloem loading, pollen nutrition and nectar secretion.

257 that their expression is also essential for nectar secretion.

258 infestation by sucking insects, induced Ptr nectar secretion.

259 We conclude that the nectar-seeking behavior of P. falciparum-infected An. ga

260 The diversity of nectar sources declined from 1978 to 1990 and thereafter

261 unt of nectar per unit area and diversity of nectar sources.

262 s of their N nutritional condition, (ii) the nectar specialist L. yerbabuenae showed a preference for

263 We offered the nectar specialist Leptonycteris yerbabueanae and the omn

264 n 1862, in explaining the exceptionally long nectar spur of Angraecum sesquipedale, Darwin proposed t

265 speciation events, suggesting that Aquilegia nectar spurs rapidly evolve to fit adaptive peaks predef

266 udies with specific information on juice and nectar subtypes are warranted to clarify these results.

267 The positive effect of nectar sugar content and phylogenetic proximity was much

268 more abundant (higher floral unit number and nectar sugar content) and more accessible.

269 We propose that nectarivores use nectar sugar to mitigate the oxidative damage caused by

270 ed with the sugar concentration of collected nectar, supporting previous studies showing a link betwe

271 inate flowers with lower sugar concentration nectar than their counterparts that use viscous dipping.

272 ants divert substantial resources to produce nectar that attracts pollinators [3], but toxins in this

273 plying that pollinators impose selection for nectar that is pharmacologically active but not repellen

274 hich N and amino acids are present in floral nectar, their presence affects bats' food selection by i

275 in a chin-down posture (n = 259) or to drink nectar-thick (n = 133) or honey-thick (n = 123) liquids

276 tive incidence of pneumonia was 0.084 in the nectar-thick liquid group compared with 0.150 in the hon

277 stigation of chin-down posture combined with nectar-thick liquid may be warranted to determine whethe

278 ecies grow extrafloral nectaries and produce nectar to attract carnivore arthropods as defenders agai

279 average more than one-third of sugar-related nectar-to-honey conversion takes place directly in the h

280 the major chemical constituents in C. unshiu nectar-to-honey transformation pathway thus providing in

281 ity of bats to discriminate and select other nectar traits such as sugar concentration?

282 hallenge that has long inspired the study of nectar-transport mechanics.

283 on persist throughout tongue retraction, and nectar, trapped between the rows of erect papillae, is c

284 ough petals and water-saturated air from the nectar tube.

285 flesiana, N. gracilis pitchers secreted more nectar under the lid and less on the peristome, thereby

286 ns in the nectar of some plants, even though nectar, unlike leaves, is made to be consumed by pollina

287 pair of tiny, static tubes drawing up floral nectar via capillary action.

288 dependence of the volume intake rate on the nectar viscosity and thus infer an optimal sugar concent

289 rect selection for this pattern of declining nectar volume after correcting for correlations with flo

290 dity gradients are mechanistically linked to nectar volume and therefore contain information about en

291 Declining nectar volume from lower to upper flowers is a hypothesi

292 tenoid pigmentation, corolla tube structure, nectar volume, pistil and stamen length) remains poorly

293 relations with flower size, number, and mean nectar volume.

294 tively correlated with the presence of large nectar volumes.

295 Nectar was sampled for the presence of nectar-inhabiting

296 ysical and eight sensory properties of peach nectar were explored using the best-fit multiple linear

297 /demand ratio; bats selected for more dilute nectar when competition for food was higher.

298 -methoxybenzoic acid are exclusive to manuka nectar whereas lumichrome is unique to kanuka nectar.

299 d the lepteridine in manuka honey and manuka nectar, which ranged between 5-52mg/kg and 80-205mg/kg,

300 Chiropterophilic flowers secrete sugar nectar with low-Nitrogen (N hereafter) content and small